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科微学术 中国热带和亚热带地区乳菇属的5个新种及1个新记录种
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Doi: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.210490
中国热带和亚热带地区乳菇属的5个新种及1个新记录种
Five new species and one new record of Lactarius (Russulaceae, Russulales) from tropical and subtropical regions of China
吴芳，王向华，秦位强，郝艳佳，郭婷，张平，陈作红
通过形态学比较和对ITS-nrDNA序列的分析，本文描述了产自我国热带及亚热带地区乳菇属的5个新种和1个中国新记录种。新种缘囊体乳菇Lactarius cheilocystidiatus和多囊体乳菇L. polycystis由于具有真正的囊状体而与变红乳菇亚属L. subg. Plinthogalus的绝大多数种相异，它们与泰国的L. crassiusculus关系密切。新种粘果乳菇L. gloeocarpus和多见乳菇L.vulgaris是乳菇亚属L. subg. Lactarius的新成员，其典型特征为淡黄色胶粘菌盖、孢子具网状纹饰和较大的囊状体，它们与原初描述自我国的淡黄褐乳菇L. pallido-ochraceus、淡环纹乳菇L. pallidizonatus以及印度的L. thindii形成种复合群。新种湖南乳菇L. hunanensis与温带物种具有较强的亲缘关系，它的典型特征为粘不规则交织型的盖表皮中具橄榄色被壳物质以及具斑马纹纹饰的孢子，属L. blennius种复合群。南方窝柄黄乳菇L. austroscrobiculatus原初描述自印度尼西亚，具有强烈的热带性质，这是在我国首次发现该种。本研究的标本采集自安徽、海南、河南、湖南、江西和云南。这些物种是中国-日本森林植物亚区的代表性乳菇类真菌。 Five new speciesand one species new to China of Lactarius are reported from tropical and subtropical regions of China based on morphological comparisons and analyses of ITS-nrDNA sequences. The new species L. cheilocystidiatus and L. polycystis are distinctive in L. subg. Plinthogalus due to the presence of macrocystidia. They are closely related to Thai L. crassiusculus. Lactarius gloeocarpus and L. vulgaris are new members of L. subg. Lactarius, characterized by yellowish sticky pileus, reticulate spores and large macrocystidia. They form a species complex with Chinese L. pallido-ochraceus, L. pallidizonatus and Indian L. thindii. Lactarius hunanensis is a new species with strong temperate affinity. It is distinguished by the ixolattice pileipellis with olivaceous incrustations and spores with zebroid ornamentation. Lactarius austroscrobiculatus, a tropical species originally described from Indonesia, was reported in China for the first time. The specimens studied were collected from Anhui, Hainan, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Yunnan. Species documented in this study are representative fungi in the Sino-Japan Forest subkingdom. 关键词：DNA条形码；东亚；外生菌根真菌；壳斗科森林；分类 [引用本文] 吴芳，王向华，秦位强，郝艳佳，郭婷，张平，陈作红，2022. 中国热带和亚热带地区乳菇属的5个新种及1个新记录种. 菌物学报，41(8): 1234-1253 Wu F, Wang XH, Qin WQ, Hao YJ, Guo T, Zhang P, Chen ZH, 2022. Five new species and one new record of Lactarius (Russulaceae, Russulales) from tropical and subtropical regions of China. Mycosystema, 41(8): 1234-1253
Fig. 1 Original tree generated by neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis of Lactarius subg. Lactarius based on ITS sequences rooted with L. lignyotus and L. oomsisiensis. NJ bootstrap proportions higher than 50% are indicated above the branches. Sample names are presented in the order of species name, voucher specimen, GenBank accession, and geographical origin for the new species and new record. For the known species, voucher specimen information is left out. For Chinese samples, the province name is given. Type specimens are marked with an asterisk, and those from environmental samples are marked with two asterisks. Sequences generated in this study are in bold.
Fig. 2 Original tree generated by neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis of Lactarius subg. Plinthogalus based on ITS sequences rooted with L. torminosus and L. subdulcis. NJ bootstrap proportions higher than 50% are indicated above the branches. Sample names are presented in the order of species name, voucher specimen, GenBank accession, and geographical origin for the new species and new record. For the known species, voucher specimen information is left out. For Chinese samples, the province name is given. Type specimens are marked with an asterisk. Sequences generated in this study are in bold.
Lactarius austroscrobiculatus Verbeken & E. Horak, Sydowia 53(2): 271. 2001. Fig. 3 DNA barcode ITS sequences: OL770183– OL770194. Fig. 3 Lactarius austroscrobiculatus (ZP-2444).A: Basidiocarps; B: Basidiospores; C: Pleuromacrocystidia; D: Cheilomacrocystidia; E: Pileipellis.
Lactarius cheilocystidiatus X.H. Wang, W.Q. Qin & Fang Wu sp. nov. Fig. 4 MycoBank MB 842230 DNA Barcode ITS sequences: OL770150 (holotype), OL770135–OL770162 Fig. 4 Lactarius cheilocystidiatus (KUN-HKAS 110925, holotype).A: Basidiocarps; B: Basidiospores; C: Pleuromacrocystidia; D: Hymenophoral pseudocystidia; E: Lamellar edge; F: Pileipellis.
Lactarius vulgaris Fang Wu, X.H. Wang, W.Q. Qin, Y.J. Hao & Z.H. Chen sp. nov. Fig. 5 MycoBank no.: MB 842233 DNA barcode ITS sequences: OL770177 (holotype), OL770173–OL770182. Fig. 5 Lactarius vulgaris (MHHNU 31934, holotype). A: Basidiocarps; B: Basidiospores; C: Pleuromacrocystidia; D: Cheilomacrocystidia; E: Pileipellis.
Lactarius gloeocarpus Fang Wu, X.H. Wang & Z.H. Chen sp. nov. Fig. 6 MycoBank MB 842236 DNA Barcode ITS sequences: OL770165 (holotype), OL770166 Fig. 6 Lactarius gloeocarpus (ZP-2287, holotype). A: Basidiocarps; B: Basidiospores; C: Pleuromacrocystidia; D: Cheilomacrocystidia; E: Pileipellis.
Lactarius hunanensis Fang Wu, Z.H. Chen & X.H. Wang sp. nov. Fig. 7 MycoBank MB842237 DNA barcode ITS sequences: OL770171 and OL770172 (holotype), OL770167–OL770170. Fig. 7 Lactarius hunanensis (all from MHHNU 31989, holotype except B from MHHNU 32523). A, B: Basidiocarps; C: Basidiospores; D: Pleuromacrocystidia; E: Cheilomacrocystidia; F: Pileipellis.
Lactarius polycystis Fang Wu, X.H. Wang & Z.H. Chen sp. nov. Fig. 8 MycoBank MB 842238 DNA barcode ITS sequences: MK167402 (holotype), OL770163, OL770164. Fig. 8 Lactarius polycystis (MHHNU 30481, holotype). A: Basidiocarps; B: Basidiospores; C: Pleuromacrocystidia; D: Cheilomacrocystidia; E: Pileipellis.
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