1. Investigating   Effects of Working Memory Training on Foreign Language Development 665

工作记忆；工作记忆训练；英语作为外语；二语习得

Yuko Hayashi

2. Mixing   Grammar Exercises Facilitates Long‐Term Retention: Effects of   Blocking, Interleaving, and Increasing Practice 629

阻断；交叉；语法习得；情境干扰；二语习得

Tatsuya Nakata and Yuichi Suzuki

3. Distribution   of Practice Effects in the Acquisition and Retention of L2 Mandarin Tonal   Word Production 607

练习分布；技能习得；技能保留；普通话声调；口语产出

Man Li and Robert Dekeyser

4. The   Desirable Difficulty Framework as a Theoretical Foundation for Optimizing and   Researching Second Language Practice 713

训练；理想中的困难框架；二语困难；认知心理学；小心而系统的训练

Yuichi Suzuki,   Tatsuya Nakata   and Robert Dekeyser

5. Should We Listen or Read? Modality   Effects in Implicit and Explicit Knowledge 648

感觉通道；训练；内隐知识；外显知识

Kathy Minhye Kim and Aline Godfroid

6. Investigating   Distribution of Practice Effects for the Learning of Foreign Language Verb   Morphology in the Young Learner Classroom 580

训练效果分布；外语学习；基于游戏的学习；语法；时滞效应；语言分析能力；青少年学习者

Rowena E. Kasprowicz,   Emma Marsden   and Nick Sephton

7. Optimizing   Second Language Practice in the Classroom: Perspectives from Cognitive   Psychology 551

训练；技能习得理论；认知心理学；训练效果分布；个体差异

Yuichi Suzuki,   Tatsuya Nakata   and Robert Dekeyser

8. Weighing   Up Exercises on Phrasal Verbs: Retrieval Versus Trial‐and‐Error Practices 562

短语动词；检索双重表达；反复试验；反馈；无误学习；干扰

Brian Strong and Frank Boers

9. Cognitive   Individual Differences as Predictors of Improvement and Awareness Under   Implicit and Explicit Feedback Conditions 80

纠正性反馈；内隐学习；外显学习；个体认知差异；语言学能

Yucel Yilmaz and Gisela Granena