​http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042207X1300242X

Catalytic nature of under- and hetero-oordinated atoms resolved using zone-selective photoelectron spectroscopy (ZPS)

Highlights

ZPS collects zone-selective, quantitative information of electronic binding energy.

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Graphite monolayer skin exhibits entrapment but point defect polarization.

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Pt adatoms and CuPd alloy serve as acceptor-type catalysts because of entrapment.

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Rh adatoms and AgPd alloy serve as donor-type catalysts because of polarization.