科研团队的文化 贾伟 最近一两年里收到朋友圈转发的心灵鸡汤已经成千上万、乌央乌央的,快让我老人家彻底崩溃了。 刚打开了一个,上面说:活得糊涂的人,容易幸福;活得太清醒的人,容易烦恼。清醒的人看得太真切,凡事太过较真,烦恼无处不在;而糊涂的人,不知如何计较,虽然简单粗糙,却因此觅得人生的大境界。 这都什么乱七八糟的逻辑,清醒的人怎么会凡事较真呢?因为清醒,不该较真时他才不会较真嘛;而活得糊涂的人,无法用心感知世界,哪来的幸福感和人生境界呢?每天这么多心灵鸡汤倒进去,不论是清醒还是糊涂的人,都会营养过剩,不是进内分泌科看医生,就是进精神病科看病。 我感觉一个盛产心灵鸡汤的时代,多半是一个思想和文化都比较凌乱的社会。现在你已经无法判断任何事情了,每天你听到一个好消息,马上就有人把黑乎乎的内幕给揭开了;每当你听到一个悲剧,马上有人说这是个骗局。原来老百姓抱怨骂街是常事,现在连官员们也时兴吐槽了,动辄用一句“你懂的”把问题推还给糊里糊涂的我们。 在任时一向谨言慎行的包括大学校长在内的官员们,有不少退休后放开了,满嘴的针砭时弊,满腔的爱国爱民,每次看到他们批判体制、语重心长时,我都不禁会问,这帮家伙在台上时都干嘛去了?他们今天痛陈的所谓种种体制弊端不就是昨天的他们自己吗? 我老人家也喜欢高屋建瓴地跟同学们灌输些理想、职业规划、生活目标等等一系列心灵鸡汤类的东西,但尽管咱台上台下、人前人后讲的都比较一致,很多时候自己感觉还是没有按对象的实际情况去讲,没有效果,很多我认为很重要的建议和提示都泥牛入海,在听者身上没有起到任何作用。 前两天跟几个做院领导的同事聊天,聊到企业文化的话题,一位同事跟我讲到了Dave Logan写的一本叫Tribal Leadership(部落领导力)的书,一席话对我有些启发。这本书的核心思想是说,每个部落(群体)都有主导文化,而文化可以划分为五个层次。 处于第一层次文化中的人会讲:Life sucks!生活糟透了,在他们的眼里世界是灰色的,没人过得好。 第二层次的人会说:My life sucks!别人的日子兴许还行,但我的生活糟透了。 处于第三层次文化境界的人喜欢说:I am great! 我很牛,当然也意味着你们都不咋地 - you are not! 这个境界的文化讲究的是个人打拼,可以改变并做好自己,但无法改变下属和支持者。 第四层次的人喜欢说:We are great, you are not! 我们的大大的牛叉,你们的不行!这种文化又比第三层次上升很多,它推崇与身边的人合作共同打拼,大家团结起来跟别的人竞争。 到了第五个层次也是最高层次文化的人会说: Life is great! 啊,同学们,人生真美好!让我们快乐工作快乐生活吧! 也就是说,处在不同文化阶层的人,他们的说话方式是不一样的,所谓“人以群分”,每一个层面的文化的语言表达会呈现比较趋同的关键词。按照文化层次进阶的次序,第一层次的人喜欢骂街,习惯攻击别人和社会;第二层次的人喜欢吐槽抱怨,再好的日子在他眼里看出去都是灰的;第三层次的以自我为中心,周围人都是自己的对手;第四层次的人是咱们跟他们,周围集体是自己这个集体的对手;而第五层次的人的心中已经没有对手了,只剩下远大目标,比如战胜世界疾病、饥饿之类的事情。显然越往上发展工作越有成效,越出成果,越是能给这个世界增添美好的正能量。 同事说,处于第一层次文化的估计多为监狱犯人以及一些公立单位如美国邮政系统里的工作人员。估计超过半数的美国企业和团体都处于第三个层次,科研学术单位的教授们和医生、律师等牛人们也都容易进入这个状态,自己在孤军奋战,觉得周围人都不支持自己,想做的事情难以全部实现。但是他们的觉悟若能更上一层楼,认识到靠自己单打独斗无法实现目标,于是看到身边人的长处,努力帮助团队建立彼此联系,形成一个以共同价值为中心的集体,使大家都发挥出自己的主观能动性,就能进入第四个层次,实现更为远大目标。这是一种优秀企业、优秀高校和优秀团队的文化,凡是世界顶级的团队,基本上都处于第四或第五个层面。 我感觉从第三层次进入第四层次,需要一种顿悟。顿悟过后,你能从人生迷雾中渐渐感觉到一些踏实的东西,这种东西与之前自己看重的东西截然不同。你希望追求有更大社会效果的事情,而不是简单为自己多发一篇文章、多加点薪水,你会设法帮助别人,你会与人不断分享各种知识,当分享成为主流,这个团队的内部交流成本迅速降低,效率会大幅提高,各种创意爆发式的增长,这样的团队才会在科研领域中崛起。 我们这个社会的文化核心层次并不高,很多单位是由处于第一、第二层次的吐槽大军,再加一些“伪”第五层次的“明白人”组成,缺乏中间层-第三尤其是第四层面的支撑,在这样的中空式文化结构下,难免会出现一面是铺天盖地的指责和怨气,另一面是遮天蔽日的心灵鸡汤的景象。 我们改变不了社会大环境,但可以从自己做起,从自己的团队做起。大家可以看看,你们所在的大学处于什么样的一个文化层面?你们的课题组处于哪一个层面?
心灵鸡汤:我们需要朋友 We Need Friends The word, friend, covers a wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a comrade, a confidant, a partner, a playmate, an intimate colleague , etc. “朋友”这个词的意义很广。朋友可以是点头之交、同志、知已、伙伴、玩伴、亲密的同事等。 Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others. In modern times, people attach more importance to relations and connections. A man of charisma has many friends. His power lies in his ability to give. 人人都需要友谊,没有人能独自在人生的海洋中航行。我们给人以帮助,也需要别人的帮助。在现代社会,人们更重视关系和联系。一个有非凡魅力的人有许多朋友,他的力量在于他的奉献能力。 As life is full of strife and conflict, we need friends to support and help us out of difficulties. Our friends give us warnings against danger. Our friends offer us advice with regard to how do deal with various situations. True friends share not only our joys but also our sorrows. 生活充满矛盾和斗争,我们需要朋友的支持,以帮助我们摆脱困境。朋友提醒我们警惕险滩。朋友主动给我们以忠告,告诉我们如何应付各种不同的局势。真正的朋友与我们同甘共苦。 With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is sad and unfortunate. I have friends in high positions and friends in the rank and file. Some are rich and in power. Some are relatively poor and without power. Some are like myself, working as a teacher, reading and writing, content with a simple life. We all care for each other, love and help each other. We feel we are happiest when we chat and exchange ideas with one another. With my friends, I know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share. 有了友谊,生活幸福、和谐;没有友谊,生活变得悲伤、不幸。我有地位高的朋友,也有地位低的朋友;有的有钱有权,有的较穷且无权无势。有的和我一样教书,读读写写,满足于简朴的生活。我们都互相关心,互相爱护,互相帮助。我们觉得跟朋友们在一起闲谈交流思想是最开心的。对我的朋友们,我知道该珍惜什么,容忍什么,分享什么。 I will never forget my old friends, and I’ll keep making new friends. I will not be cold and indifferent to my poor friends, and I will show concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word. 我决不会忘记老朋友,同时我也会继续结交新朋友。我对穷朋友绝不冷漠,而是会关心他们,哪怕只是一句安慰的话。 The word, friend, covers a wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a comrade, a confidant, a partner, a playmate, an intimate colleague , etc. “朋友”这个词的意义很广。朋友可以是点头之交、同志、知已、伙伴、玩伴、亲密的同事等。 Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others. In modern times, people attach more importance to relations and connections. A man of charisma has many friends. His power lies in his ability to give. 人人都需要友谊,没有人能独自在人生的海洋中航行。我们给人以帮助,也需要别人的帮助。在现代社会,人们更重视关系和联系。一个有非凡魅力的人有许多朋友,他的力量在于他的奉献能力。 As life is full of strife and conflict, we need friends to support and help us out of difficulties. Our friends give us warnings against danger. Our friends offer us advice with regard to how do deal with various situations. True friends share not only our joys but also our sorrows. 生活充满矛盾和斗争,我们需要朋友的支持,以帮助我们摆脱困境。朋友提醒我们警惕险滩。朋友主动给我们以忠告,告诉我们如何应付各种不同的局势。真正的朋友与我们同甘共苦。 With friendship, life is happy and harmonious. Without friendship, life is sad and unfortunate. I have friends in high positions and friends in the rank and file. Some are rich and in power. Some are relatively poor and without power. Some are like myself, working as a teacher, reading and writing, content with a simple life. We all care for each other, love and help each other. We feel we are happiest when we chat and exchange ideas with one another. With my friends, I know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share. 有了友谊,生活幸福、和谐;没有友谊,生活变得悲伤、不幸。我有地位高的朋友,也有地位低的朋友;有的有钱有权,有的较穷且无权无势。有的和我一样教书,读读写写,满足于简朴的生活。我们都互相关心,互相爱护,互相帮助。我们觉得跟朋友们在一起闲谈交流思想是最开心的。对我的朋友们,我知道该珍惜什么,容忍什么,分享什么。 I will never forget my old friends, and I’ll keep making new friends. I will not be cold and indifferent to my poor friends, and I will show concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word. 我决不会忘记老朋友,同时我也会继续结交新朋友。我对穷朋友绝不冷漠,而是会关心他们,哪怕只是一句安慰的话。
前一段时间有朋友说到心灵鸡汤四字,突然间对心灵鸡汤四字的起源产生了兴趣,这里略写小文,权作消遣。 先来传统,查查wiki,这一查,有意思: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_Soup_for_the_Soul Chicken Soup for the Soul is a series of books, usually featuring a collection of short and dense inspirational stories and motivational essays. The 101 stories in the first book of the series were compiled by motivational speakers Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen . There have been numerous volumes of Chicken Soup issued. As of January 2006, there were over 105 titles. Many of the books are directed at specific groups of people, e.g. Chicken Soup for the Mother's Soul , Chicken Soup for the Preteen Soul , Chicken Soup for the Prisoner's Soul , Chicken Soup for the Volunteer's Soul , Chicken Soup for the Grandparent's Soul , Chicken Soup for the Ocean Lover's Soul , Chicken Soup for the Horse Lover's Soul , etc. The first book sold over 2 million copies and launched the series. There are now over 100 million copies in print and in 54 languages worldwide. The Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul series, consisting of over over 14 titles, is one of the first series of non-fiction books which have sold directly to teens in the US, Canada, the UK and Australia. The series has spawned a number of imitators and parodies including Chicken Soup for the Vegetarian's Soul and MTV's Beavis and Butt-Head: Chicken Soup for the Butt , as well as a line of licensed products, including greeting cards , calendars , gift products, pet food , CDs , DVDs , and nutritional supplements . A parody can also be found within the PC game A Vampyre Story ; a book titled Chicken Soup For Those Without A Soul can be found in the library. The name Chicken Soup For The Soul was chosen for this series because of the use of chicken soup as a home remedy for the sick, and therefore it was good for the body. The inspirational stories included in this series were meant to be good for the soul. From 1993 to 2008, Chicken Soup for the Soul was published by Health Communications, Inc. 原文写的很简单,就不翻译了。 原来心灵鸡汤是个舶来词,既然是由Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen写的书起头的,咱们就看看他们的书,这一查,他们写的Chicken Soup for the Soul的系列书还不少,有Chicken Soup For The Soul: 101 Stories To Open The Heart And Rekindle The Spirit: http://www.amazon.com/Chicken-Soup-Soul-Jack-Canfield/dp/1558749209/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8s=booksqid=1270324875sr=8-1 。 还有:Chicken Soup for the Soul: Stories That Restore Your Faith in Human Nature http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0091854288?ie=UTF8tag=bookeboolibr-20link_code=wqlcamp=212361creative=380601 ,还有 Chicken Soup for the Soul: Living Your Dreams http://www.amazon.com/Chicken-Soup-Soul-Living-Dreams/dp/075730138X/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8s=booksqid=1270324875sr=8-3 等等,就不一一列举了。 咱就从amazon上搜出结果中的第一本书来看看:Chicken Soup For The Soul: 101 Stories To Open The Heart And Rekindle The Spirit: http://www.amazon.com/Chicken-Soup-Soul-Jack-Canfield/dp/1558749209/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8s=booksqid=1270324875sr=8-1 。 这里可以下载: http://www.filefront.com/16016859/ChickenSoupfortheSoul.pdf/ 。但是鼓励买纸质书。 今天引ON LOVE 章的第一篇: Love: The One Creative Force Spread love everywhere you go: first of all in your own house. Give love to your children, to your wife or husband, to a next door neighbor. . . . Let no one ever come to you without leaving better and happier. Be the living expression of God's kindness; kindness in your face, kindness in your eyes, kindness in your smile, kindness in your warm greeting. Mother Teresa A college professor had his sociology class go into the Baltimore slums to get case histories of 200 young boys. They were asked to write an evaluation of each boy's future. In every case the students wrote, He hasn't got a chance. Twenty-five years later another sociology professor came across the earlier study. He had his students follow up on the project to see what had happened to these boys. With the exception of 20 boys who had moved away or died, the students learned that 176 of the remaining 180 had achieved more than ordinary success as lawyers, doctors and businessmen. The professor was astounded and decided to pursue the matter further. Fortunately, all the men were in the area and he was able to ask each one, How do you account for your success? In each case the reply came with feeling, 'There was a teacher. The teacher was still alive, so he sought her out and asked the old but still alert lady what magic formula she had used to pull these boys out of the slums into successful achievement. The teacher's eyes sparkled and her lips broke into a gentle smile. It's really very simple, she said. I loved those boys. Eric Butterworth 现在回想起来,当我们家贫困的时候,父母的爱让我度过了纯真而又有希望的童年。