2019经济学引文桂冠奖获得者 诸平 根据科睿唯安（ Clarivate Analytics ）2019年9月24日公布的2019年引文桂冠奖获奖者名单， 来自7个国家的19位科学家荣获“引文桂冠奖”， 其中经济学引文桂冠奖获得者截图如下，仅供参考。 W. Brian Arthur，新墨西哥州圣达菲市圣达菲研究所外聘教授；斯坦福大学行为科学高级研究中心研究员；美国加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托市PARC系统科学实验室访问研究员。 获奖原因：对经济系统中收益增加（或网络效应）的后果的探索研究。他描述了小事件和正反馈循环如何随着时间的推移而将经济锁定在几个参与者中的某一个主导之下的机制。亚瑟还将复杂性研究的新科学与经济学相结合，用于展示当一个经济体的参与者面临不确定性问题和不断变化的系统，无法以完全理性的方式行动时，该经济体是如何运作的。也可以浏览之前对W. Brian Arthur的介绍—— 布莱恩·亚瑟：2019年经济学引文桂冠奖得主 Ariel Rubinstein，以色列特拉维夫大学经济学院教授，美国纽约大学经济学系教授。 获奖原因：对于形式理论经济模型的发展，特别是对有限理性模型的发展的贡献，包括他的议价模型，在经济学中产生了深远的影响。 高引论文（被引频次500次，谷歌学术搜索结果） 标题 引用次数 年份 A course in game theory MJ Osborne, A Rubinstein Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press 8559 1994 Perfect equilibrium in a bargaining model A Rubinstein Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 97-109 6674 1982 The Nash bargaining solution in economic modelling K Binmore, A Rubinstein, A Wolinsky The RAND Journal of Economics, 176-188 2547 1986 Bargaining and markets MJ Osborne, A Rubinstein Academic press 2240 1990 Modeling bounded rationality A Rubinstein MIT press 1833 1998 Finite automata play the repeated prisoner's dilemma A Rubinstein Journal of economic theory 39 (1), 83-96 777 1986 Middlemen A Rubinstein, A Wolinsky The Quarterly Journal of Economics 102 (3), 581-593 661 1987 Equilibrium in a market with sequential bargaining A Rubinstein, A Wolinsky Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1133-1150 661 1985 The Electronic Mail Game: Strategic Behavior Under Almost Common Knowledge A Rubinstein The American Economic Review, 385-391 648 1989 Comments on the interpretation of game theory A Rubinstein Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 909-924 640 1991 “Economics and psychology”? The case of hyperbolic discounting A Rubinstein International Economic Review 44 (4), 1207-1216 591 2003 A bargaining model with incomplete information about time preferences A Rubinstein Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1151-1172 573 1985 The structure of Nash equilibrium in repeated games with finite automata D Abreu, A Rubinstein Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 1259-1281 557 1988 Equilibrium in supergames with the overtaking criterion A Rubinstein Journal of economic theory 21 (1), 1-9 522 1979 Søren Johansen，丹麦哥本哈根大学经济系荣誉教授，Katarina Juselius，丹麦哥本哈根大学经济系荣誉教授。 获奖原因：为计量经济学和协整分析做出的贡献。开发了协整VAR（向量自回归）方法，该方法为研究经济时间序列数据的短期和长期效应提供了一个灵活的框架。这种方法有助于经济学家在分析中避免证实偏差。 高引论文（被引频次500次，谷歌学术搜索结果） 标题 引用次数 年份 Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors S Johansen Journal of economic dynamics and control 12 (2-3), 231-254 22321 1988 Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration—with applications to the demand for money S Johansen, K Juselius Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics 52 (2), 169-210 15936 1990 Estimation and hypothesis testing of cointegration vectors in Gaussian vector autoregressive models S Johansen Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society, 1551-1580 12182 1991 Likelihood-based inference in cointegrated vector autoregressive models S Johansen Oxford University Press on Demand 8595 1995 Some structural hypotheses in a multivariate cointegration analysis of the purchasing power parity and the uncovered interest parity for UK S Johansen, K Juselius University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics Discussion Papers 2276 1990 Determination of cointegration rank in the presence of a linear trend S Johansen Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 54 (3), 383-397 1169 1992 Cointegration in partial systems and the efficiency of single-equation analysis S Johansen Journal of econometrics 52 (3), 389-402 1050 1992 Cointegration analysis in the presence of structural breaks in the deterministic trend S Johansen, R Mosconi, B Nielsen The Econometrics Journal 3 (2), 216-249 762 2000 Identification of the long-run and the short-run structure an application to the ISLM model S Johansen, K Juselius Journal of Econometrics 63 (1), 7-36 760 1994 Testing weak exogeneity and the order of cointegration in UK money demand data S Johansen Journal of Policy modeling 14 (3), 313-334 731 1992 An empirical transition matrix for non-homogeneous Markov chains based on censored observations OO Aalen, S Johansen Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 141-150 671 1978 Some tests for parameter constancy in cointegrated VAR‐\models H Hansen, S Johansen The Econometrics Journal 2 (2), 306-333 614 1999 The role of the constant and linear terms in cointegration analysis of nonstationary variables S Johansen Econometric reviews 13 (2), 205-229 520 1994 Identifying restrictions of linear equations with applications to simultaneous equations and cointegration S Johansen Journal of econometrics 69 (1), 111-132 513 1995 To find out more about the 2019 Citation Laureates, go to: clarivate.com/webofsciencegroup/solutions/citation-laureates
2019化学引文桂冠奖获得者 诸平 根据科睿唯安（ Clarivate Analytics ）2019年9月24日公布的2019年引文桂冠奖获奖者名单， 来自7个国家的19位科学家荣获“引文桂冠奖”， 其中化学引文桂冠奖获得者截图如下，仅供参考。 Rolf Huisgen，德国慕尼黑大学化学名誉教授，Morten P. Meldal，丹麦哥本哈根大学化学教授。 获奖原因：对1，3-偶极环加成反应（Huisgen反应）和铜催化的叠氮-炔烃环加成反应的研究。他们的发现对合成有机化学具有重要贡献。这些反应是模块化的，允许小单元的组合以产生各种各样的新的有用的化合物。 高引论文（被引频次500次） 1, 3‐\dipolar cycloadditions. Past and future R Huisgen - Angewandte Chemie International Edition in…, 1963 - Wiley Online Library In contrast to the very large number of special methods applicable to syntheses in the heterocyclic series, relatively few general methods are available. The 1, 3‐\dipolar addition offers a remarkably wide range of utility in the synthesis of five‐\membered heterocycles… 被引用次数：2817 相关文章 Kinetics and mechanism of 1, 3‐\dipolar cycloadditions R Huisgen - Angewandte Chemie International Edition in…, 1963 - Wiley Online Library Criteria for the mechanism of 1, 3‐\dipolar cycloadditions which lead to 5‐\membered rings are provided by the stereoselectivity observed with cis‐\trans isomeric dipolarophiles, by the effect of solvent and substituents on the rate constants, by the activation parameters, and by… 被引用次数：1231 相关文章 所有 3 个版本 图书馆搜索 1, 3-Dipolar cycloaddition chemistry R Huisgen - Wiley, New York, 1984 被引用次数：997 相关文章 1, 3-Dipolar cycloadditions. 76. Concerted nature of 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions and the question of diradical intermediates R Huisgen - The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1976 - ACS Publications The concerted mechanism of 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions was challenged recently by Firestone, who proposed a diradical alternative on thermochemical and regiochemical grounds. His arguments are critically disproved here. The retention of configuration of 1, 3… 被引用次数：692 相关文章 所有 2 个版本 图书馆搜索 Kinetics and reaction mechanisms: selected examples from the experience of forty years R Huisgen - Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1989 - degruyter.com Kinetics of parallel reactions contribute to the elucidation of poly-step mechanisms. Competing pathways in the reaction of benzenediazonium ion with azide anion helped to establish the occurrence of phenylpentazole. Steady state kinetics clarified the competition… 被引用次数：569 相关文章 所有 8 个版本 图书馆搜索 Mechanism of 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions. Reply R Huisgen - The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002 - ACS Publications Furthermore, 0 radicals are notorious fortheir hy-drogen affinity. The diradical 6 (were it formed) should produce the unsaturated hydroxy lamine 8 via intramolecular disproportionation; 20 this conversion is expected to be exothermic by «55 kcal/mol. A side… 被引用次数：513 相关文章 Peptidotriazoles on solid phase: -triazoles by regiospecific copper (I)-catalyzed 1, 3-dipolar cycloadditions of terminal alkynes to azides …, C Christensen, M Meldal - The Journal of organic…, 2002 - ACS Publications The cycloaddition of azides to alkynes is one of the most important synthetic routes to 1 H- -triazoles. Here a novel regiospecific copper (I)-catalyzed 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of terminal alkynes to azides on solid-phase is reported. Primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl… 被引用次数：7702 相关文章 所有 5 个版本 图书馆搜索 Edwin M. Southern，英国牛津大学生物化学名誉教授。 获奖原因：发明了用于确定特定DNA序列的Southern印迹法。这种方法具有强大的识别DNA中单个基因的能力。他的发明是基因图谱、诊断和筛查的开端，也是当今个性化医疗的基础。 Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. EM Southern - 1975 - pascal-francis.inist.fr Sauf mention contraire ci-dessus, le contenu de cette notice bibliographique peut être utilisé dans le cadre d'une licence CC BY 4.0 Inist-CNRS/Unless otherwise stated above, the content of this bibliographic record may be used under a CC BY 4.0 licence by Inist-CNRS/A… 被引用次数：35456 相关文章 所有 11 个版本 图书馆搜索 Marvin H. Caruthers，美国科罗拉多大学博尔德分校杰出教授，Leroy E. Hood，美国华盛顿州伦顿市普罗维登斯圣约瑟夫健康中心高级副总裁兼首席科学官，美国华盛顿州西雅图系统生物学研究所首席战略官、联合创始人兼教授，Michael W. Hunkapiller，美国加利福尼亚州门罗公园加利福尼亚太平洋生物科学公司首席执行官兼总裁。 获奖原因：为蛋白质和DNA测序和合成做出贡献。这三位研究先驱分别和共同创造了加速生物学和医学发展的工具，没有他们在20世纪80年代的发明，就不会有人类基因组图谱。 高引论文（被引频次900次） A gas-liquid solid phase peptide and protein sequenator. RM Hewick, MW Hunkapiller, LE Hood …- Journal of Biological…, 1981 - ASBMB A new miniaturized protein and peptide sequenator has been constructed which uses gas phase reagents at the coupling and cleavage steps of the Edman degradation. The sample is embedded in a matrix of Polybrene dried onto a porous glass fiber disc located in a small… 被引用次数：2228 相关文章 所有 11 个版本 图书馆搜索 Fluorescence detection in automated DNA sequence analysis …, C Dodd, CR Connell, C Heiner, SBH Kent , LE Hood - Nature, 1986 - nature.com We have developed a method for the partial automation of DNA sequence analysis. Fluorescence detection of the DNA fragments is accomplished by means of a fluorophore covalently attached to the oligonucleotide primer used in enzymatic DNA sequence… 被引用次数：2201 相关文章 所有 7 个版本 图书馆搜索 Simian sarcoma virus onc gene, v-sis, is derived from the gene (or genes) encoding a platelet-derived growth factor RF Doolittle, MW Hunkapiller, LE Hood …- …, 1983 - science.sciencemag.org The transforming protein of a primate sarcoma virus and a platelet-derived growth factor are derived from the same or closely related cellular genes. This conclusion is based on the demonstration of extensive sequence similarity between the transforming protein derived… 被引用次数：1763 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 A cellular gene encodes scrapie PrP 27-30 protein …, RA Barry, P Tempst, DB Teplow, LE Hood …- Cell, 1985 - Elsevier Abstract A clone encoding PrP 27-30, the major protein in purified preparations of scrapie agent, was selected from a scrapie-infected hamster brain cDNA library by oligo-nucleotide probes corresponding to the N terminus of the protein. Southern blotting with PrP cDNA… 被引用次数：1749 相关文章 所有 8 个版本 图书馆搜索 Isolation of microgram quantities of proteins from polyacrylamide gels for amino acid sequence analysis MW Hunkapiller, E Lujan, F Ostrander, LE Hood - Methods in enzymology, 1983 - Elsevier Materials and Methods Chemicals. Acrylamide, N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide, N, N, N', N'- tetramethylenediamine, ammonium persulfate, 2-mercaptoethanol, Bromphenol Blue, and SDS were purchased from Bio-Rad (Richmond, California) as electrophoresis purity… 被引用次数：1104 相关文章 所有 5 个版本 图书馆搜索 The evolution of vertebrate Toll-like receptors …, MK Purcell , KD Smith, LE Hood …- Proceedings of the…, 2005 - National Acad Sciences The complete sequences of Takifugu Toll-like receptor (TLR) loci and gene predictions from many draft genomes enable comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis. Strong selective pressure for recognition of and response to pathogen-associated molecular… 被引用次数：1074 相关文章 所有 14 个版本 图书馆搜索 Circulating microRNAs, potential biomarkers for drug-induced liver injury …, A Brightman, Z Hu, LE Hood …- Proceedings of the…, 2009 - National Acad Sciences Drug-induced liver injury is a frequent side effect of many drugs, constitutes a significant threat to patient health and has an enormous economic impact on health care expenditures. Numerous efforts have been made to identify reliable and predictive markers to detect the… 被引用次数：1064 相关文章 所有 16 个版本 图书馆搜索 Internal amino acid sequence analysis of proteins separated by one-or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis after in situ protease digestion on nitrocellulose …, J Leavitt, RA Saavedra, LE Hood …- Proceedings of the…, 1987 - National Acad Sciences We have developed a general two-step method for obtaining peptide fragments for sequence analysis from picomole quantities of proteins separated by gel electrophoresis. After separation by one-or two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, proteins are… 被引用次数：907 相关文章 所有 13 个版本 图书馆搜索 The molecular genetics of the T-cell antigen receptor and T-cell antigen recognition M Kronenberg , G Siu, LE Hood …- Annual review of…, 1986 - annualreviews.org T and B lymphocytes participate in the vertebrate immune response through their recognition and elimination of foreign pathogens and macromolecules. Lymphocytes possess both the specificity and the ability to react with a broad range of structures; these… 被引用次数：900 相关文章 所有 8 个版本 图书馆搜索 高引论文（被引频次600次） Deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites—a new class of key intermediates for deoxypolynucleotide synthesis SL Beaucage, MH Caruthers - Tetrahedron Letters, 1981 - Elsevier Page 1. Tetrahedron Letters, Vo1.22, No.20, pp 1859 - 1862, 1981 0040-40~9/81/201859-OQfO2. 00/0 Printed in Great Britain 01981 Pergamon Press Ltd. DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHORAMIDITES-A NEW CLASS OF KEY INTERMEDIATES FOR DEOXYPOLYNUCL… 被引用次数：2723 相关文章 所有 3 个版本 图书馆搜索 Improved free-energy parameters for predictions of RNA duplex stability …, N Sugimoto, MH Caruthers …- Proceedings of the…, 1986 - National Acad Sciences Thermodynamic parameters for prediction of RNA duplex stability are reported. One parameter for duplex initiation and 10 parameters for helix propagation are derived from enthalpy and free-energy changes for helix formation by 45 RNA oligonucleotide duplexes… 被引用次数：1726 相关文章 所有 7 个版本 图书馆搜索 Process for preparing polynucleotides MH Caruthers , MD Matteucci- US Patent 4,458,066, 1984 - Google Patents New and useful intermediate nucleotides bound to an inorganic polymer support, including the preparation thereof, and processes for the conversion to oligonucleotides which are especially useful for the synthesis of polynucleotides, particularly ribonucleic (RNA) and… 被引用次数：1243 相关文章 所有 2 个版本 图书馆搜索 Gene synthesis machines: DNA chemistry and its uses MH Caruthers - Science, 1985 - science.sciencemag.org Deoxyoligonucleotides can now be synthesized rapidly and in high yield because of recent advances in nucleic acid chemistry. Key innovations include solid-phase synthesis on silica- based supports and the development of stable deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites as… 被引用次数：988 相关文章 所有 10 个版本 图书馆搜索 Nucleosides useful in the preparation of polynucleotides MH Caruthers , MD Matteucci- US Patent 4,500,707, 1985 - Google Patents New and useful intermediate nucleotides bound to an inorganic polymer support, including the preparation thereof, and processes for the conversion to oligonucleotides which are especially useful for the synthesis of polynucleotides, particularly ribonucleic (RNA) and… 被引用次数：629 相关文章 所有 2 个版本 图书馆搜索 Phosphoramidite compounds and processes MH Caruthers , SL Beaucage- US Patent 4,415,732, 1983 - Google Patents … A CORP OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BEAUCAGE, SERGE L., CARUTHERS , MARVIN H . 1983-11-15 Publication of US4415732A publication Critical patent/US4415732A/en 1983-11-15 Application granted granted Critical 1984-08-06 Priority… 被引用次数：626 相关文章 所有 2 个版本 图书馆搜索 高引论文（被引频次600次） A gas-liquid solid phase peptide and protein sequenator. RM Hewick, MW Hunkapiller , LE Hood …- Journal of Biological…, 1981 - ASBMB A new miniaturized protein and peptide sequenator has been constructed which uses gas phase reagents at the coupling and cleavage steps of the Edman degradation. The sample is embedded in a matrix of Polybrene dried onto a porous glass fiber disc located in a small… 被引用次数：2228 相关文章 所有 11 个版本 图书馆搜索 Simian sarcoma virus onc gene, v-sis, is derived from the gene (or genes) encoding a platelet-derived growth factor RF Doolittle, MW Hunkapiller , LE Hood …- …, 1983 - science.sciencemag.org The transforming protein of a primate sarcoma virus and a platelet-derived growth factor are derived from the same or closely related cellular genes. This conclusion is based on the demonstration of extensive sequence similarity between the transforming protein derived… 被引用次数：1763 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 Isolation of microgram quantities of proteins from polyacrylamide gels for amino acid sequence analysis MW Hunkapiller , E Lujan, F Ostrander, LE Hood - Methods in enzymology, 1983 - Elsevier Materials and Methods Chemicals. Acrylamide, N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide, N, N, N', N'- tetramethylenediamine, ammonium persulfate, 2-mercaptoethanol, Bromphenol Blue, and SDS were purchased from Bio-Rad (Richmond, California) as electrophoresis purity… 被引用次数：1104 相关文章 所有 5 个版本 图书馆搜索 High-sensitivity sequencing with a gas-phase sequenator MW Hunkapiller , RM Hewick, WJ Dreyer…- Methods in enzymology, 1983 - Elsevier Reagent Preparation Reagents and solvents used in automated Edman degradation must undergo rigorous purification to eliminate impurities that would otherwise interfere either with the Edman chemistry itself or with subsequent analysis of phenylthiohydantoin (… 被引用次数：693 相关文章 所有 5 个版本 图书馆搜索 Rat transforming growth factor type 1: structure and relation to epidermal growth factor H Marquardt, MW Hunkapiller , LE Hood …- Science, 1984 - science.sciencemag.org The complete amino acid sequence of rat transforming growth factor type 1 has been determined. This growth factor, obtained from retrovirus-transformed fibroblasts, is structurally and functionally related to mouse epidermal growth factor and human… 被引用次数：685 相关文章 所有 12 个版本 图书馆搜索 Acetylcholine receptor: complex of homologous subunits MA Raftery, MW Hunkapiller , CD Strader…- Science, 1980 - science.sciencemag.org The acetylcholine receptor from the electric ray Torpedo californica is composed of five subunits; two are identical and the other three are structurally related to them. Microsequence analysis of the four polypeptides demonstrates amino acid homology among… 被引用次数：617 相关文章 所有 10 个版本 图书馆搜索
2019物理学引文桂冠奖获得者 诸平 根据科睿唯安（ Clarivate Analytics ）2019年9月24日公布的2019年引文桂冠奖获奖者名单， 来自7个国家的19位科学家荣获“引文桂冠奖”， 其中物理学引文桂冠奖获得者截图如下，仅供参考。 Artur K. Ekert，英国牛津大学数学研究所量子物理学教授，新加坡国立大学李光前百年校庆教授基金得主。 获奖原因：对量子计算和量子密码学的贡献，从事理论和实验物理与计算机和信息科学相结合的基础研究。他是基于纠缠态的量子密码学的发明者。 Quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem AK Ekert - Physical review letters, 1991 - APS Practical application of the generalized Bell's theorem in the so-called key distribution process in cryptography is reported. The proposed scheme is based on the Bohm's version of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen gedanken experiment and Bell's theorem is used to test for… 被引用次数：9828 相关文章 所有 12 个版本 图书馆搜索 Improvement of frequency standards with quantum entanglement SF Huelga , C Macchiavello , T Pellizzari , AK Ekert …- Physical Review Letters, 1997 - APS The optimal precision of frequency measurements in the presence of decoherence is discussed. We analyze different preparations of n two-level systems as well as different measurement procedures. We show that standard Ramsey spectroscopy on uncorrelated… 被引用次数：802 相关文章 所有 19 个版本 图书馆搜索 Tony F. Heinz，斯坦福大学应用物理与光子科学教授，美国SLAC国家加速器实验室能源科学实验室副主任。 获奖原因：对二维纳米材料的光学和电学性质进行了开创性的研究。Heinz为理解一系列纳米材料做出了贡献，这些材料包括碳纳米管、石墨烯和二维半导体材料（如二硫化钼，MoS 2 ）。 高引论文（被引频次600次） 标题 引用次数 年份 Atomically Thin: A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor KF Mak, C Lee, J Hone, J Shan, TF Heinz Physical review letters 105 (13), 136805 8769 2010 Progress, challenges, and opportunities in two-dimensional materials beyond graphene SZ Butler, SM Hollen, L Cao, Y Cui, JA Gupta, HR Gutiérrez, TF Heinz, ... ACS nano 7 (4), 2898-2926 2817 2013 Anomalous Lattice Vibrations of Single- and Few-Layer MoS 2 C Lee, H Yan, LE Brus, TF Heinz, J Hone, S Ryu ACS nano 4 (5), 2695-2700 2801 2010 Control of valley polarization in monolayer MoS 2 by optical helicity KF Mak, K He, J Shan, TF Heinz Nature nanotechnology 7 (8), 494 2397 2012 Tightly bound trions in monolayer MoS 2 KF Mak, K He, C Lee, GH Lee, J Hone, TF Heinz, J Shan Nature materials 12 (3), 207 1567 2013 Grains and grain boundaries in highly crystalline monolayer molybdenum disulphide AM Van Der Zande, PY Huang, DA Chenet, TC Berkelbach, YM You, ... Nature materials 12 (6), 554 1369 2013 Spin and pseudospins in layered transition metal dichalcogenides X Xu, W Yao, D Xiao, TF Heinz Nature Physics 10 (5), 343 1363 2014 Measurement of the optical conductivity of graphene KF Mak, MY Sfeir, Y Wu, CH Lui, JA Misewich, TF Heinz Physical review letters 101 (19), 196405 1345 2008 The optical resonances in carbon nanotubes arise from excitons F Wang, G Dukovic, LE Brus, TF Heinz Science 308 (5723), 838-841 1251 2005 Atomically thin p–n junctions with van der Waals heterointerfaces CH Lee, GH Lee, AM Van Der Zande, W Chen, Y Li, M Han, X Cui, ... Nature nanotechnology 9 (9), 676 1170 2014 Exciton binding energy and nonhydrogenic Rydberg series in monolayer WS 2 A Chernikov, TC Berkelbach, HM Hill, A Rigosi, Y Li, OB Aslan, ... Physical review letters 113 (7), 076802 1004 2014 Piezoelectricity of single-atomic-layer MoS 2 for energy conversion and piezotronics W Wu, L Wang, Y Li, F Zhang, L Lin, S Niu, D Chenet, X Zhang, Y Hao, ... Nature 514 (7523), 470 883 2014 A wideband coherent terahertz spectroscopy system using optical rectification and electro‐\optic sampling A Nahata, AS Weling, TF Heinz Applied physics letters 69 (16), 2321-2323 858 1996 Performance of monolayer graphene nanomechanical resonators with electrical readout C Chen, S Rosenblatt, KI Bolotin, W Kalb, P Kim, I Kymissis, HL Stormer, ... Nature nanotechnology 4 (12), 861 805 2009 Carrier dynamics in semiconductors studied with time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy R Ulbricht, E Hendry, J Shan, TF Heinz, M Bonn Reviews of Modern Physics 83 (2), 543 685 2011 Visualizing individual nitrogen dopants in monolayer graphene L Zhao, R He, KT Rim, T Schiros, KS Kim, H Zhou, C Gutiérrez, ... Science 333 (6045), 999-1003 677 2011 Chip-integrated ultrafast graphene photodetector with high responsivity X Gan, RJ Shiue, Y Gao, I Meric, TF Heinz, K Shepard, J Hone, S Assefa, ... Nature Photonics 7 (11), 883 647 2013 High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy imaging of mesoscopic graphene sheets on an insulating surface E Stolyarova, KT Rim, S Ryu, J Maultzsch, P Kim, LE Brus, TF Heinz, ... Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (22), 9209-9212 636 2007 John P. Perdew，美国宾夕法尼亚州费城天普大学物理系物理与化学Laura H. Carnell教授。 获奖原因：为电子结构密度泛函理论的发展所做的贡献，揭示了“自然胶水”，有助于更深入地理解材料的性质和行为。密度泛函理论在凝聚态物理和量子化学中提供电子结构计算，并预测如原子键的键能等。 高引论文（被引频次1000次） 标题 引用次数 年份 Generalized gradient approximation made simple JP Perdew, K Burke, M Ernzerhof Physical review letters 77 (18), 3865 103332 1996 Accurate and simple analytic representation of the electron-gas correlation energy JP Perdew, Y Wang Physical Review B 45 (23), 13244 22878 1992 Self-interaction correction to density-functional approximations for many-electron systems JP Perdew, A Zunger Physical Review B 23 (10), 5048 19799 1981 Atoms, molecules, solids, and surfaces: Applications of the generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation JP Perdew, JA Chevary, SH Vosko, KA Jackson, MR Pederson, DJ Singh, ... Physical review B 46 (11), 6671 19277 1992 Density-functional approximation for the correlation energy of the inhomogeneous electron gas JP Perdew Physical Review B 33 (12), 8822 18031 1986 Generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation hole of a many-electron system JP Perdew, K Burke, Y Wang Physical Review B 54 (23), 16533 4816 1996 Climbing the density functional ladder: Nonempirical meta–generalized gradient approximation designed for molecules and solids J Tao, JP Perdew, VN Staroverov, GE Scuseria Physical Review Letters 91 (14), 146401 4712 2003 Restoring the density-gradient expansion for exchange in solids and surfaces JP Perdew, A Ruzsinszky, GI Csonka, OA Vydrov, GE Scuseria, ... Physical review letters 100 (13), 136406 4561 2008 Accurate and simple density functional for the electronic exchange energy: Generalized gradient approximation JP Perdew, W Yue Physical review B 33 (12), 8800 4487 1986 Rationale for mixing exact exchange with density functional approximations JP Perdew, M Ernzerhof, K Burke The Journal of chemical physics 105 (22), 9982-9985 3477 1996 Phys. Re V. B 1986, 33, 8822. Erratum JP Perdew Phys. Rev. B 34, 7406 2698 1986 Density-functional theory for fractional particle number: derivative discontinuities of the energy JP Perdew, RG Parr, M Levy, JL Balduz Jr Physical Review Letters 49 (23), 1691 2461 1982 Electronic structure of solids’ 91 JP Perdew, P Ziesche, H Eschrig Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2157 1991 Physical content of the exact Kohn-Sham orbital energies: band gaps and derivative discontinuities JP Perdew, M Levy Physical Review Letters 51 (20), 1884 1952 1983 Comparative assessment of a new nonempirical density functional: Molecules and hydrogen-bonded complexes VN Staroverov, GE Scuseria, J Tao, JP Perdew The Journal of chemical physics 119 (23), 12129-12137 1574 2003 Density-functional theory of the energy gap LJ Sham, M Schlüter Physical review letters 51 (20), 1888 1558 1983 Erratum: Donor transition energy in GaAs superlattices in a magnetic field along the growth axis JM Shi, FM Peeters, GQ Hai, JT Devreese Physical Review B 48 (7), 4978 1397 1993 Correlation hole of the spin-polarized electron gas, with exact small-wave-vector and high-density scaling Y Wang, JP Perdew Physical Review B 44 (24), 13298 1366 1991 Electronic density functional theory: recent progress and new directions JF Dobson, G Vignale, MP Das Springer Science Business Media 1011 2013
2019生理学或医学引文桂冠奖获得者 诸平 根据科睿唯安（ Clarivate Analytics ）2019年9月24日公布的2019年引文桂冠奖获奖者名单， 来自7个国家的19位科学家荣获“引文桂冠奖”， 生理学或医学领域的“引文桂冠奖”获奖科学家共6人， 其获奖者截图如下，仅供参考。 Hans Clevers，荷兰乌得勒支大学分子遗传学教授，胡布雷克特研究所(KNAW)和普林斯马克西玛儿科肿瘤中心首席研究员。 获奖原因：针对Wnt信号通路及其在干细胞和癌症中的作用研究，提供了一个新药物测试的环境，可以在不使用细胞系或实验动物的情况下进行药物试验。 高引论文（被引频次1200次） 标题 引用次数 年份 Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and disease H Clevers Cell 127 (3), 469-480 5066 2006 Activation of β-catenin-Tcf signaling in colon cancer by mutations in β-catenin or APC PJ Morin, AB Sparks, V Korinek, N Barker, H Clevers, B Vogelstein, ... Science 275 (5307), 1787-1790 4309 1997 Identification of stem cells in small intestine and colon by marker gene Lgr5 N Barker, JH Van Es, J Kuipers, P Kujala, M Van Den Born, M Cozijnsen, ... Nature 449 (7165), 1003 3872 2007 Wnt signalling in stem cells and cancer T Reya, H Clevers Nature 434 (7035), 843 3821 2005 Constitutive transcriptional activation by a β-catenin-Tcf complex in APC−/− colon carcinoma V Korinek, N Barker, PJ Morin, D Van Wichen, R De Weger, KW Kinzler, ... Science 275 (5307), 1784-1787 3547 1997 Wnt/β-catenin signaling and disease H Clevers, R Nusse Cell 149 (6), 1192-1205 3490 2012 Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt–villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche T Sato, RG Vries, HJ Snippert, M Van De Wetering, N Barker, DE Stange, ... Nature 459 (7244), 262 2899 2009 The β-catenin/TCF-4 complex imposes a crypt progenitor phenotype on colorectal cancer cells M Van De Wetering, E Sancho, C Verweij, W De Lau, I Oving, A Hurlstone, ... Cell 111 (2), 241-250 2122 2002 XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates β-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos M Molenaar, M van de Wetering, M Oosterwegel, J Peterson-Maduro, ... Cell 86 (3), 391-399 1930 1996 Caught up in a Wnt storm: Wnt signaling in cancer RH Giles, JH Van Es, H Clevers Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Reviews on Cancer 1653 (1), 1-24 1757 2003 Crypt stem cells as the cells-of-origin of intestinal cancer N Barker, RA Ridgway, JH van Es, M van de Wetering, H Begthel, ... Nature 457 (7229), 608 1701 2009 Linking colorectal cancer to Wnt signaling M Bienz, H Clevers Cell 103 (2), 311-320 1698 2000 Depletion of epithelial stem-cell compartments in the small intestine of mice lacking Tcf-4 V Korinek, N Barker, P Moerer, E van Donselaar, G Huls, PJ Peters, ... Nature genetics 19 (4), 379 1676 1998 Paneth cells constitute the niche for Lgr5 stem cells in intestinal crypts T Sato, JH Van Es, HJ Snippert, DE Stange, RG Vries, M Van Den Born, ... Nature 469 (7330), 415 1519 2011 The cancer stem cell: premises, promises and challenges H Clevers Nature medicine 17 (3), 313 1498 2011 Notch/γ-secretase inhibition turns proliferative cells in intestinal crypts and adenomas into goblet cells JH van Es, ME van Gijn, O Riccio, M van den Born, M Vooijs, H Begthel, ... Nature 435 (7044), 959 1407 2005 Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation DA Glass II, P Bialek, JD Ahn, M Starbuck, MS Patel, H Clevers, ... Developmental cell 8 (5), 751-764 1307 2005 Armadillo coactivates transcription driven by the product of the Drosophila segment polarity gene dTCF M Van de Wetering, R Cavallo, D Dooijes, M van Beest, J van Es, ... Cell 88 (6), 789-799 1288 1997 Intestinal crypt homeostasis results from neutral competition between symmetrically dividing Lgr5 stem cells HJ Snippert, LG Van Der Flier, T Sato, JH Van Es, M Van Den Born, ... Cell 143 (1), 134-144 1232 2010 Stem cells, self-renewal, and differentiation in the intestinal epithelium LG Van Der Flier, H Clevers Annual review of physiology 71, 241-260 1227 2009 Long-term expansion of epithelial organoids from human colon, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and Barrett's epithelium T Sato, DE Stange, M Ferrante, RGJ Vries, JH Van Es, S Van Den Brink, ... Gastroenterology 141 (5), 1762-1772 1214 2011 John W. Kappler，美国丹佛市国立犹太医学中心-生物医学研究系杰出教授，Philippa Marrack，美国丹佛市国立犹太医学中心-生物医学研究系杰出教授。 获奖原因：他们通过在胸腺中克隆消除操作发现了t细胞的耐受性，增进了对类风湿关节炎、狼疮和格林-巴利综合征等自身免疫性疾病的机制的了解。 高引论文（被引频次900次） T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus JW Kappler , N Roehm, P Marrack- Cell, 1987 - Elsevier The monoclonal antibody KJ23a reacts with T cell receptors utilizing the Vβ segment Vβ17a. T cells bearing Vβ17a+ receptors react with very high frequency with the MHC class II protein, IE. In this paper we show that T cells expressing Vβ17a are selectively eliminated… 被引用次数：2431 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice J White, A Herman, AM Pullen, R Kubo, JW Kappler …- Cell, 1989 - Elsevier Staphylococcal enterotoxin B is known to be a powerful T cell stimulant in mouse and man. In this paper we show that, for mice, this is because the protein in association with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules stimulates virtually all T cells bearing Vβ3 and… 被引用次数：1281 相关文章 所有 8 个版本 图书馆搜索 Antigen-inducible, H-2-restricted, interleukin-2-producing T cell hybridomas. Lack of independent antigen and H-2 recognition JW Kappler , B Skidmore, J White…- Journal of Experimental…, 1981 - jem.rupress.org We developed a method for production of antigen-specific, H-2-restricted T cell hybrids. The tumor cell partner in the fusions was itself a T cell hybrid, FS6-14.13. AG2 (or its derivatives), which could be induced to produce the growth factor, interleukin-2 (IL-2), in response to a… 被引用次数：1204 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls-modified products of the major histocompatibility complex JW Kappler , U Staerz, J White, PC Marrack- Nature, 1988 - nature.com In mice the product of the Mls a locus is an unusual antigen capable of interaction with certain products of the major histocompatibility locus (MHC) to form a ligand for a large portion of the T-cell α/β receptor repertoire, including nearly all receptors that use V β8. 1… 被引用次数：1209 相关文章 所有 7 个版本 图书馆搜索 Normal development of mice deficient in beta 2M, MHC class I proteins, and CD8+ T cells BH Koller, P Marrack, JW Kappler , O Smithies- Science, 1990 - science.sciencemag.org Major histocompatibility class I proteins display viral and self antigens to potentially responsive cells and are important for the maturation of T cells; beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) is required for their normal expression. Mouse chimeras derived from embryonic stem… 被引用次数：932 相关文章 所有 10 个版本 图书馆搜索 Superantigens: mechanism of T-cell stimulation and role in immune responses A Herman, JW Kappler , P Marrack…- Annual review of…, 1991 - annualreviews.org Superantigens combine with MHC class-II molecules to form the ligands that stimulate T cells via the Vβ element of the T-cell receptor. Two groups of superantigens have been described so far: first, endogenous murine products that include the MIs determinants, and… 被引用次数：997 相关文章 所有 7 个版本 图书馆搜索 高引论文（被引频次1100次） T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus JW Kappler, N Roehm, P Marrack - Cell, 1987 - Elsevier The monoclonal antibody KJ23a reacts with T cell receptors utilizing the Vβ segment Vβ17a. T cells bearing Vβ17a+ receptors react with very high frequency with the MHC class II protein, IE. In this paper we show that T cells expressing Vβ17a are selectively eliminated… 被引用次数：2431 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives P Marrack , J Kappler- Science, 1990 - science.sciencemag.org Staphylococcal enterotoxins and a group of related proteins made by Streptococci cause food poisoning and shock in man and animals. These proteins share an ability to bind to human and mouse major histocompatibility complex proteins. The complex ligand so formed… 被引用次数：2342 相关文章 所有 15 个版本 图书馆搜索 The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice …, A Herman, AM Pullen, R Kubo, JW Kappler, P Marrack - Cell, 1989 - Elsevier Staphylococcal enterotoxin B is known to be a powerful T cell stimulant in mouse and man. In this paper we show that, for mice, this is because the protein in association with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules stimulates virtually all T cells bearing Vβ3 and… 被引用次数：1281 相关文章 所有 8 个版本 图书馆搜索 Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls-modified products of the major histocompatibility complex JW Kappler, U Staerz, J White, PC Marrack - Nature, 1988 - nature.com In mice the product of the Mls a locus is an unusual antigen capable of interaction with certain products of the major histocompatibility locus (MHC) to form a ligand for a large portion of the T-cell α/β receptor repertoire, including nearly all receptors that use V β8. 1… 被引用次数：1209 相关文章 所有 7 个版本 图书馆搜索 Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus toxin superantigens with human T cells …, L Herron, J Callahan, P Marrack …- Proceedings of the…, 1989 - National Acad Sciences A modification of the polymerase chain reaction has been used to establish the fact that a collection of Staphylococcus aureus toxins are superantigens, each of which interacts with the T-cell alpha beta receptor of human T cells by means of a specific set of V beta elements. 被引用次数：1109 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 Ernst Bamberg，德国法兰克福马克斯普朗克生物物理研究所名誉所长，Karl Deisseroth，美国加利福尼亚州斯坦福大学霍华德休斯医学研究所研究员，生物工程和精神病学与行为科学D. H. Chen杰出教授。 Gero Miesenbock，英国牛津大学神经回路和行为中心主任兼生理学Waynflete教授。 获奖原因：在光遗传学领域做出的贡献。该技术构成了神经科学领域的一场革命，增强了人们对帕金森病、视力恢复、成瘾和情绪障碍的认识。 高引论文（被引频次910次） Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity ES Boyden , F Zhang , E Bamberg , G Nagel…- Nature…, 2005 - nature.com Temporally precise, noninvasive control of activity in well-defined neuronal populations is a long-sought goal of systems neuroscience. We adapted for this purpose the naturally occurring algal protein Channelrhodopsin-2, a rapidly gated light-sensitive cation channel… 被引用次数：3551 相关文章 所有 20 个版本 图书馆搜索 Channelrhodopsin-2, a directly light-gated cation-selective membrane channel …, D Ollig, P Hegemann , E Bamberg - Proceedings of the…, 2003 - National Acad Sciences Microbial-type rhodopsins are found in archaea, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. Some of them represent membrane ion transport proteins such as bacteriorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump, or channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1), a recently identified light-gated proton channel from… 被引用次数：2061 相关文章 所有 19 个版本 图书馆搜索 Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry …, JF Liewald, K Kay , N Watzke, PG Wood, E Bamberg …- Nature, 2007 - nature.com Our understanding of the cellular implementation of systems-level neural processes like action, thought and emotion has been limited by the availability of tools to interrogate specific classes of neural cells within intact, living brain tissue. Here we identify and develop… 被引用次数：1567 相关文章 所有 25 个版本 图书馆搜索 Channelrhodopsin-1: a light-gated proton channel in green algae …, M Fuhrmann, S Kateriya , AM Musti, E Bamberg …- …, 2002 - science.sciencemag.org Phototaxis and photophobic responses of green algae are mediated by rhodopsins with microbial-type chromophores. We report a complementary DNA sequence in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtiithat encodes a microbial opsin-related protein, which we term… 被引用次数：910 相关文章 所有 15 个版本 图书馆搜索 高引论文（被引频次1100次） 标题 引用次数 年份 Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity ES Boyden, F Zhang, E Bamberg, G Nagel, K Deisseroth Nature neuroscience 8 (9), 1263 3551 2005 Parvalbumin neurons and gamma rhythms enhance cortical circuit performance VS Sohal, F Zhang, O Yizhar, K Deisseroth Nature 459 (7247), 698 1778 2009 Driving fast-spiking cells induces gamma rhythm and controls sensory responses JA Cardin, M Carlén, K Meletis, U Knoblich, F Zhang, K Deisseroth, ... Nature 459 (7247), 663 1773 2009 Multimodal fast optical interrogation of neural circuitry F Zhang, LP Wang, M Brauner, JF Liewald, K Kay, N Watzke, PG Wood, ... Nature 446 (7136), 633 1567 2007 Neocortical excitation/inhibition balance in information processing and social dysfunction O Yizhar, LE Fenno, M Prigge, F Schneider, TJ Davidson, DJ O’shea, ... Nature 477 (7363), 171 1415 2011 Optogenetics K Deisseroth Nature methods 8 (1), 26 1352 2011 Optogenetics in neural systems O Yizhar, LE Fenno, TJ Davidson, M Mogri, K Deisseroth Neuron 71 (1), 9-34 1291 2011 The development and application of optogenetics L Fenno, O Yizhar, K Deisseroth Annual review of neuroscience 34 1242 2011 Optical deconstruction of parkinsonian neural circuitry V Gradinaru, M Mogri, KR Thompson, JM Henderson, K Deisseroth science 324 (5925), 354-359 1241 2009 Regulation of parkinsonian motor behaviours by optogenetic control of basal ganglia circuitry AV Kravitz, BS Freeze, PRL Parker, K Kay, MT Thwin, K Deisseroth, ... Nature 466 (7306), 622 1218 2010 Structural and molecular interrogation of intact biological systems K Chung, J Wallace, SY Kim, S Kalyanasundaram, AS Andalman, ... Nature 497 (7449), 332 1193 2013 CREB phosphorylation and dephosphorylation: a Ca2+-and stimulus duration–dependent switch for hippocampal gene expression H Bito, K Deisseroth, RW Tsien Cell 87 (7), 1203-1214 1186 1996 Neural substrates of awakening probed with optogenetic control of hypocretin neurons AR Adamantidis, F Zhang, AM Aravanis, K Deisseroth, L De Lecea Nature 450 (7168), 420 1117 2007 高引论文 Relation of triglyceride metabolism and coronary artery disease. Studies in the postprandial state. JR Patsch, G Miesenböck , T Hopferwieser…- …and thrombosis: a…, 1992 - Am Heart Assoc The status of fasting triglycerides as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) has been considered weak because in multivariate analyses, triglycerides tend to be eliminated by high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. To further evaluate the role of triglycerides in… 被引用次数：1317 相关文章 所有 9 个版本 图书馆搜索 Remote control of behavior through genetically targeted photostimulation of neurons SQ Lima , G Miesenböck - Cell, 2005 - Elsevier Optically gated ion channels were expressed in circumscribed groups of neurons in the Drosophila CNS so that broad illumination of flies evoked action potentials only in genetically designated target cells. Flies harboring the “phototriggers” in different sets of… 被引用次数：509 相关文章 所有 10 个版本 图书馆搜索
布莱恩·亚瑟： 2019 年经济学引文桂冠奖得主 诸平 据聖菲研究所（ Santa Fe Institute ， SFI ）网站 2019 年 9 月 12 日报道，该研究所的外聘教授布莱恩·亚瑟 (W. Brian Arthur) 荣获 2019 年经济学引文桂冠奖。 聖菲研究所（ Santa Fe Institute ， SFI ）是一个位于美国新墨西哥州聖菲市的非盈利性研究机构，该所的主要研究方向是复杂系统科学。该所于 1984 年由乔治 · 考温（ George Cowan ）、大卫 · 潘恩斯（ David Pines ）、斯特林 · 科尔盖塔（ Stirling Colgate ）、默里 · 盖尔曼（ Murray Gell-Mann ）、尼克 · 麦特罗博利斯（ Nick Metropolis ）、赫布 · 安德森（ Herb Anderson ）、彼特 ·A· 卡拉瑟斯（ Peter Caruthers ）以及理查德 · 斯兰斯基（ Richard Slansky ）等人一同创办。 布莱恩·亚瑟 (W. Brian Arthur) 是 SFI 的一位外聘教授，被 Web of Science 集团 (Web of Science group) 遴选为 2019 年的引文桂冠奖（ 2019 Citation Laureate ）得主，“获奖原因是他的研究揭示了经济系统中产生的网络效应，这些系统产生了越来越多的回报。” 亚瑟说，他的许多被引用最多的论文都是在 SFI 撰写的，他和 SFI 的其他同事最初是在那里开始将复杂性研究与经济学结合起来的。亚瑟对积极反馈的研究，以及它们在放大经济中微小、随机事件中的作用，已经成为我们理解高科技经济的基础。 据 Web of Science 报道，引文桂冠奖的授予是为了表彰世界级的研究人员，他们的研究成果通常在全球被引用最多的 0.01% 的出版物中，这表明研究的影响力有可能在未来成为诺贝尔奖获得者。自 2002 年以来， Web of Science 每年一度的引文桂冠奖得主名单都会在 10 月份之前进行公布。通常每年大约有 20 位获奖者，其中 50 位已经成为诺贝尔奖得主（详见“ 引文桂冠奖 Citation Laureates ”）。 亚瑟说，这个名称是一个受欢迎的“表明复杂性经济学正在得到关注的迹象”。至于预测诺贝尔奖，他开玩笑说，“不要屏住呼吸。（ don’t hold your breath. ）” SFI 2019 年 11 月的研讨会——“新复杂性经济学 ( New Complexity Economics ) ”——将由亚瑟和其他复杂性经济学先驱承担组织工作，他们在 30 多年前就开始研究经济学的非传统方法。现在这些方法正日益成为主流，特别研讨会将“探索复杂性经济学的新前沿”。更多信息请注意浏览 SFI 官网以及相关网站的报道。 W. Brian Arthur selected as Web of Science 2019 Citation Laureate 亚瑟高引论文（被引频次500次）谷歌学术搜索结果： 標題 引用次數 年份 Competing technologies, increasing returns, and lock-in by historical events WB Arthur The economic journal 99 (394), 116-131 10505 1989 Increasing returns and path dependence in the economy WB Arthur University of michigan Press 6671 1994 Increasing returns and the new world of business WB Arthur Harvard business review 74 (4), 100- 2408 1996 Positive feedbacks in the economy WB Arthur Scientific american 262 (2), 92-99 2308 1990 Inductive reasoning and bounded rationality WB Arthur The American economic review 84 (2), 406-411 2293 1994 The nature of technology: What it is and how it evolves WB Arthur Simon and Schuster 2166 2009 Self-reinforcing mechanisms in economics WB Arthur The economy as an evolving complex system 5, 9-31 1702 1988 Complexity and the economy WB Arthur science 284 (5411), 107-109 1438 * 1999 Asset pricing under endogenous expectations in an artificial stock market WB Arthur, JH Holland, B LeBaron, R Palmer, P Tayler The economy as an evolving complex system II 27 1353 1996 The economy as an evolving complex system II WB Arthur CRC Press 1351 2018 Time series properties of an artificial stock market B LeBaron, WB Arthur, R Palmer Journal of Economic Dynamics and control 23 (9-10), 1487-1516 822 1999 Path-dependent processes and the emergence of macro-structure WB Arthur, YM Ermoliev, YM Kaniovski European journal of operational research 30 (3), 294-303 729 1987 ‘Silicon Valley’locational clusters: when do increasing returns imply monopoly? WB Arthur Mathematical social sciences 19 (3), 235-251 706 1990 Artificial economic life: a simple model of a stockmarket RG Palmer, WB Arthur, JH Holland, B LeBaron, P Tayler Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 75 (1-3), 264-274 599 1994 W. Brian Arthur External Professor, Santa Fe Institute; Visiting Researcher, Intelligent Systems Lab, PARC; Inaugural Recipient, Lagrange Prize; Author, The Nature of Technology W. BRIAN ARTHUR is a leading economist and complexity thinker. He is best known for his pioneering work on positive feedbacks or increasing returns in the economy—what happens when products that gain market share find it easier to gain further market share—and their role in locking markets in to the domination of a single player. Arthur is also one of the pioneers of the science of complexity—the science of how patterns and structures self-organize. He is a member of the Founders Society of the Santa Fe Institute and in 1988 ran its first research program. He has served on SFI's Science Board for 18 years and its Board of Trustees for 10 years. He is currently External Professor at SFI. Arthur held the Morrison Chair of Economics and Population Studies at Stanford from 1983 to 1996. He holds degrees in operations research, economics, mathematics, and electrical engineering. Arthur was awarded the inaugural Lagrange Prize in Complexity Science in 2008, and the Schumpeter Prize in Economics in 1990. He is a Guggenheim Fellow, 1987-88, Fellow of the Econometric Society, and IBM Faculty Fellow. He holds honorary doctorates from the National Univ. of Ireland (Galway) 2000, and Lancaster University (UK) 2009. He is the author of The Nature of Technology: What it Is and How it Evolves , Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy , and Complexity and the Economy.
引文桂冠奖预言成功案例 诸平 自2002年以来，引文桂冠奖（ Citation Laureates ） 已经成功地预言了46位杰出的科学家，他们先后获得了诺贝尔奖。请参阅迄今为止的正确预测的完整列表。 Year Nobel Prize Winner Prize 2017 Richard H. Thaler Economics 2017 Rainer Weiss Physics 2017 Kip S. Thorne Physics 2016 Oliver D. Hart Economics 2016 Bengt R. Homström Economics 2016 Yoshinori Ohsumi Medicine 2016 J. Fraser Stoddart Chemistry 2015 Arthur B McDonald Physics 2015 Angus S. Deaton Economics 2014 Shuji Nakamura Physics 2014 Jean Tirole Economics 2013 Martin Karplus Chemistry 2013 Eugene F. Fama Economics 2013 Robert J. Shiller Economics 2013 Peter W. Higgs Physics 2013 François Englert Physics 2013 Lars P. Hansen Economics 2013 Randy Schekman Medicine 2013 James E. Rothman Medicine 2012 Shinya Yamanaka Medicine 2011 Saul Perlmutter Physics 2011 Adam G. Riess Physics 2011 Brian P. Schmidt Physics 2011 Ralph M. Steinman Medicine 2011 Christopher A. Sims Economics 2011 Dan Shechtman Chemistry 2011 Thomas J. Sargent Economics 2011 Jules A. Hoffmann Medicine 2011 Bruce A. Beutler Medicine 2010 Kostya Novoselov Physics 2010 Andre K. Geim Physics 2009 Elizabeth H. Blackburn Medicine 2009 Carol W. Greider Medicine 2009 Jack W. Szostak Medicine 2009 Oliver E. Williamson Economics 2008 Paul Krugman Economics 2008 Roger Tsien Chemistry 2007 Oliver Smithies Medicine 2007 Mario R. Capecchi Medicine 2007 Martin Evans Medicine 2007 Albert Fert Physics 2007 Peter Grünberg Physics 2005 Robert H. Grubbs Chemistry 2003 Clive W.J. Granger Economics 2003 Robert F. Engle Economics 2002 Daniel Kahneman Economics
2018年引文桂冠奖 （附医学、化学、物理及经济学引文桂冠奖获奖者名单） 诸平 2018年17位获奖者中有11位是来自北美学术机构，其他获奖者则来自英国、法国、德国、西班牙、日本和韩国。另外17名获奖者中有2名是女性。并附上医学、化学、物理以及经济学领域的所有语文桂冠奖获奖者名单，消息信息见下表： The 2018 Citation Laureates are: Physiology or Medicine Napoleone Ferrara , University of California, San Diego, CA, for the discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of angiogenesis, the process in which new blood vessels are formed, both in healthy tissue and in cancerous cells. Ferrera's work has led to the development of drugs that inhibit blood-vessel growth in cancer and in blinding eye disorders such as age-related macular degeneration. Minoru Kanehisa , Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, for contributions to bioinformatics, specifically for his development of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). This database of protein pathways involved in gene expression allows genomicists and other researchers to collect, compare, and interpret data on cellular processes – for example, those that underlie disease. Solomon H. Snyder , Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, for his identification of receptors for many neurotransmitters and psychotropic agents, including brain receptors associated with opiates. His insights have been applied in the development of many common prescription drugs, such as compounds for pain control. Physics David Awschalom , University of Chicago, IL, and Arthur C. Gossard , University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, for observation of the spin Hall effect in semiconductors. This insight into how electrons behave under the influence of magnetic fields promises application in many areas, including quantum computing. Sandra M. Faber , University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, for pioneering methods to determine the age, size and distance of galaxies and for other contributions to cosmology, including work on the cold dark matter believed to constitute the universe's missing matter. Yury Gogotsi , Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, Rodney S. Ruoff , IBS CMCM Center and Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea, and Patrice Simon , Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III - CNRS, Toulouse, France, for discoveries advancing the understanding and development of carbon-based materials including for capacitive energy storage and understanding the mechanisms of operation of supercapacitors. Chemistry Eric N. Jacobsen , Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, for contributions to catalytic reactions for organic synthesis, especially for the development of Jacobsen epoxidation. George M. Sheldrick , Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, for his enormous influence in structural crystallography through the introduction and maintenance of the SHELX system of computer programs. JoAnne Stubbe , MIT, Cambridge, MA, for her discovery that ribonucleotide reductases transform ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides by a free-radical mechanism. These deoxyribonucleotides, in turn, are fundamental to the synthesis and repair of DNA. Economics Manuel Arellano , CEMFI, Madrid, Spain, and Stephen R. Bond , Oxford University, UK, for contributions to panel data analysis, especially the Arellano-Bond estimator. This method exploits time patterns in panel data to estimate the economic response to a change in a policy or other variable, while controlling for permanent unobserved confounding variation. Wesley M. Cohen , Duke University, Durham, NC, and Daniel A. Levinthal , University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, for their introduction and development of the concept of absorptive capacity (i.e., the ability of firms to evaluate, assimilate, and apply external knowledge) and its contribution to advancing our understanding of the innovative performance of firms, industries and nations. David M. Kreps , Stanford University, Stanford, CA, for contributions to dynamic economic phenomena, in choice theory, finance, game theory, and organization theory. 医学引文桂冠奖的获奖者名单 Shizuo Akira Professor, Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan C. David Allis Tri-Institutional Professor and Joy and Jack Fishman Professor, Head, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Rockefeller University, NY USA James P. Allison 2018 Professor and Chair, Department of Immunology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA Victor R. Ambros Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA Michael J. Berridge Deputy Scientific Director and Head, Molecular Signaling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Honorary Professor of Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Bruce A. Beutler 2011 Professor and Chairman, Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Adrian P. Bird Buchanan Professor of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland United Kingdom Elizabeth H. Blackburn 2009 Morris Herztein Professor of Biology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Jeffrey A. Bluestone A.W. and Mary Margaret Clausen Distinguished Professor of Metabolism and Endocrinology, University of California San Francisco Medical School, San Francisco, CA USA Lewis C. Cantley Meyer Director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and Professor of Cancer Biology in Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA Mario R. Capecchi 2007 Distinguished Professor of Biology and Human Genetics and Co-Chairman, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Howard Cedar Edmond J. Safra Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Pierre Chambon Former Director, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Universitat Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; and Professor, College de France, Paris, France. Yuan Chang American Cancer Society Research Professor, Distinguished Professor of Pathology, and UPMC Endowed Chair in Cancer Virology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Robert L. Coffman Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA USA Douglas L. Coleman Senior Staff Scientist Emeritus, Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME USA Francis S. Collins Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, Senior Investigator, Genome Technology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Rory Collins Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK James E. Darnell, Jr. Vincent Astor Professor Emeritus, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Brian J. Druker JELD-WEN Chair of Leukemia Research, and Director, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland OR USA R. John Ellis Professor, Emeritus, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK. Ronald M. Evans Professor and March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Martin Evans 2007 Director of the School of Biosciences and Professor of Mammalian Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Napoleone Ferrara Distinguished Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, US Gordon J. Freeman Professor, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA Jeffrey M. Friedman Marilyn M. Simpson Professor, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Karl J. Friston Professor of Imaging Neuroscience and Wellcome Principal Research Fellow, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK Fred H. Gage Professor, Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Jeffrey I. Gordon Dr. Robert J. Glaser Distinguished University Professor and Director of the Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine. St. Louis, MO, USA Carol W. Greider 2009 Daniel Nathans Professor and Director, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Michael Grunstein Distinguished Professor of Biological Chemistry, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Michael N. Hall Professor Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland F. Ulrich Hartl Managing Director, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany Jules A. Hoffmann 2011 President, French Academy of Sciences, Paris, France Tasuku Honjo 2018 Visiting Professor, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Arthur Horwich Eugene Higgins Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator Anthony “Tony” R. Hunter American Cancer Society Professor, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, and Renato Dulbecco Chair, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and Adjunct Professor, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Richard O. Hynes Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research, David O. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Alec J. Jefferys Professor, Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK † Elwood V. Jensen John and Gladys Strauss Professor of Cancer Research, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Charles Huggins Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA David Julius Morris Herzstein Chair in Molecular Biology and Medicine, Professor and Chair of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA Minoru Kanehisa Professor, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Daniel J. Klionsky Alexander G. Ruthven Professor of Life Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA † Alfred G. Knudson Jr. Senior Advisor to the President and Fox Distinguished Scientist, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pa. Eric S. Lander President and founding director of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass Robert S. Langer David H. Koch Institute Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Charles Lee Professor and Scientific Director, Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT USA Nicholas B. Lydon Founder, Granite Biopharma, LLC, Jackson Hole, WY USA; Co-founder and Director, AnaptysBio, San Diego, CA USA; and Co-founder and Director, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA USA Joan Massague Chairman of Cell Biology Program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Weill-Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator. † Ernest A. McCulloch Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Jacques F. A. P. Miller Emeritus Professor, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia Noboru Mizushima Professor, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Patrick S. Moore Director of the Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society Research Professor, Distinguished Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and the Pittsburgh Foundation Chair in Innovative Cancer Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Kazutoshi Mori Professor, Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Timothy R. Mosmann Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Michael and Angela Pichichero Director in the David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA † Yasutomi Nishizuka President Emeritus of Kobe University, Former Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan Seiji Ogawa Director, formerly with Ogawa Laboratories for Brain Function Research, Hamano Life Science Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (closed in March 2008) Yoshinori Ohsumi 2016 Professor, Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan † Anthony “Tony” J. Pawson Distinguished Scientist and Apotex Chair in Molecular Oncology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, and Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Richard Peto FRS, Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Aharon Razin Professor Biochemistry Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Robert G. Roeder Arnold and Mabel Beckman Professor, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA James E. Rothman 2013 Wallace Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Professor and Chairman of Cell Biology, Professor of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Alexander Y. Rudensky Chairman, Immunology Program; Director, Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy; Tri-Institutional Professor at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University and Cornell University; Professor, Gerstner Sloan-Kettering Graduate School; Professor, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA Erkki Ruoslahti Distinguished Professor, Center for Nanomedicine, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Gary Ruvkun Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Massachusetts General Hospital, both Boston, MA USA David M. Sabatini Whitehead Institute, Member; Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Member, Koch Institute for Integrative Research; Senior Associate Member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA Shimon Sakaguchi Distinguished Professor, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, JAPAN Charles L. Sawyers Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Chair in Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA. Also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Randy Schekman 2013 Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Stephen W. Scherer Senior Scientist and Director, The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children; Professor and Director, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON CANADA Stuart L. Schreiber Director of Chemical Biology, Broad Institute, Morris Loeb Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA USA Arlene H. Sharpe George Fabyan Professor of Comparative Pathology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and Member, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA Ethan M. Shevach Chief, Cellular Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA Dennis J. Slamon Professor, Chief, and Executive Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, and Director of Revlon/UCLA Women’s Cancer Research Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA Oliver Smithies 2007 Excellence Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. Solomon H. Snyder Distinguished Service Professor of Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA † Ralph M. Steinman 2011 Henry G. Kunkel Professor and Senior Physician, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Jack W. Szostak 2009 Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Masatoshi Takeichi Director, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan Craig B. Thompson President and CEO, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA James E. Till Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Robert Tjian Professor of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and President, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA Joseph P. Vacanti John Homans Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Surgeon-in-Chief and Chief of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA J. Craig Venter President, The Center for Advancement of Genomics, Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, and Venter Science Foundation, Rockville, Md Bert Vogelstein Professor of Oncology and Pathology with a Joint Appointment in Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Peter Walter Professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Robert A. Weinberg Daniel K. Ludwig and American Cancer Society Professor for Cancer Research MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Member, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Michael H. Wigler Professor and Head, Mammalian Cell Genetics Section, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA Shinya Yamanaka 2012 Director, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and Professor, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Senior Investigator, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA USA; and Professor of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA 物理学引文桂冠奖获奖者名单 Yakir Aharonov Professor, Department of Physics, Computational Science and Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA; also, Emeritus Professor, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, and University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA (joint appointment) Alain Aspect CNRS Distinguished Scientist and Head of the Atom Optics Group, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique, Palaiseau France Phaedon Avouris IBM Fellow and Group Leader for Nanometer Scale Science and Technology, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA David Awschalom Liew Family Professor in Molecular Engineering, Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Charles H. Bennett IBM Fellow, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corporation, Yorktown Heights, NY USA Charles L. Bennett Professor of Physics Astronomy, Department of Physics Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA Michael V. Berry FRS, Melville Wills Professor of Physics Emeritus, Department of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Gilles Brassard Canada Research Chair in Quantum Information Processing, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Leigh T. Canham Chief Scientific Officer, pSiMedica Ltd., Malvern, and Honorary Professor, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, UK John F. Clauser Research Physicist, J.F. Clauser Associates, Walnut Creek, CA USA Marvin L. Cohen University Professor, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley; Senior Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Paul B. Corkum National Research Council-Canada Research Chair, Attosecond Photonics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CANADA Cornelis Dekker Distinguished University Professor and Director of the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, Delft, The Netherlands Emmanuel Desurvire Director, Thales Physics Research Group, Palaiseau, France, since early 2007 Ronald W.P. Drever Professor of Physics Emeritus, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA Thomas W. Ebbesen Professor, University of Strasbourg, and Director, ISIS (Institute of Science and Supramolecular Engineering), Strasbourg, France François Englert 2013 Professor Emeritus, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, and Distinguished Visiting Professor in Residence, Chapman’s Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, Orange, CA USA Sandra M. Faber TProfessor Emerita of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA Mitchell J. Feigenbaum Toyota Professor, Laboratory of Mathematical Physics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Albert Fert 2007 Professor of Physics, University of Paris-Sud, Orsay, France Andre K. Geim 2010 FRS, Langworthy Research Professor, Chair of Condensed Matter Physics, and Director of Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Yury Gogotsi Distinguished University and Charles T. and Ruth M. Bach Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Arthur C. Gossard Professor Emeritus and Research Professor, Materials and Electrical Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA Michael B. Green John Humphrey Plummer Professor of Theoretical Physics, Theoretical High Energy Particle Physics Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Celso Grebogi Sixth Century Chair in Nonlinear and Complex Systems, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland Peter Grünberg 2007 Professor, Institute of Solid-State Physics, Julich Research Center, Julich, Germany Alan H. Guth Victor F. Weisskopf Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA Stephen E. Harris Kenneth and Barbara Oshman Professor of Electrical Engineering and Professor of Applied Physics Emeritus, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA Lene V. Hau Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Peter W. Higgs 2013 Professor Emeritus, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom Hideo Hosono Professor, Materials and Structures Laboratory and Director of Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan Juan Ignacio Cirac Director of Theory Division, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Sumio Iijima Professor, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan; Research Fellow, NEC Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan. † Deborah S. Jin Fellow, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Adjoint Professor of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA Sajeev John University Professor of Physics and Canada Research Chair, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada Charles L. Kane Class of 1965 Endowed Term Chair Professor of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA Ferenc Krausz Chair of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich; Director, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Andrei Linde Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Geoffrey W. Marcy Professor of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Michel Mayor Emeritus Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Arthur B. McDonald 2015 Director, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute; Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Paul McEuen John A. Newman Professor of Physical Science, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Laurens W. Molenkamp Professor of Physics and Chair of Experimental Physics, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, GERMANY Shuji Nakamura 2014 Professor, Materials Department, Director of the Center for Solid State Lighting and Displays, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Calif. Masataka Nakazawa Professor, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. Kostya Novoselov 2010 Royal Society Research Fellow, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Hideo Ohno Professor of the Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, and Director of the Center for Spintronics Integrated Systems, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan Edward Ott Distinguished University Professor, Yuen Sang and Yuen Kit So Professor, Department of Physics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA Lyman A. Page Henry DeWolf Smyth Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA David N. Payne Professor and Director, Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. John B. Pendry FRS, Professor of Theoretical Solid State Physics and Head of the Condensed Matter Theory Group, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK Roger Penrose O.M., F.R.S., Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Saul Perlmutter 2011 Professor, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and Senior Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Didier Queloz Professor, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, and Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Ramamoorthy Ramesh Professor, Physics and MSE, and Associate Lab Director for Energy Technologies, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Martin J. Rees Astronomer Royal; Professor of Cosmology and Astrophysics, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Master of Trinity College at the University of Cambridge Adam G. Riess 2011 Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA, and Senior Member, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD USA † Vera C. Rubin Senior Fellow, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. USA Rodney S. Ruoff IBS Director of the Center of Multidimensional Carbon Materials and Distinguished Professor, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Schools of Materials Science and Engineering and Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan, South Korea Brian P. Schmidt 2011 Australian Research Council Federation Fellow, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Weston Creek, Australia Sheldon Schultz Research Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA John H. Schwarz Harold Brown Professor of Theoretical Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. James F. Scott Director of Research, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Patrice Simon Professor in Materials Science, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III – CNRS, Toulouse, France David R. Smith William Bevan Professor of Electrical and Computer Engieering and Director of the Center for Metamaterial and Integrated Plasmonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA David N. Spergel Charles Young Professor on the Class of 1897 Foundation and Chair, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Paul J. Steinhardt Albert Einstein Professor of Science, Departments of Physics and of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ, USA. Rashid A. Sunyaev Director and Scientific Member at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany (since 1995), Head of the High-Energy Astrophysics Department of the Institute for Space Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (in 1982 – 2002; Chief Scientist since 1992); Visiting Professor of the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton (since 2010), Moscow, Russia Kip S. Thorne Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA Yoshinori Tokura Director, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, Japan, and Professor, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (Previously selected as a Citation Laureate in 2002 for work in a different area, high-temperature superconductivity.) † Yoji Totsuka Former Director-General, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Special University Professor, Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Zhong Lin Wang Regent’s Professor, Hightower Chair in Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Rainer Weiss Professor of Physics Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Edward Witten Charles Simonyi Professor, School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J. William K. Wootters Barclay Jermain Professor of Natural Philosophy, Department of Physics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA USA Eli Yablonovitch Professor and James and Katherine Lau Chair in Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Peidong Yang S.K. and Angela Chan Distinguished Chair in Energy, Department of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA James A. Yorke Distinguished University Professor of Mathematics and Physics, Institute for Physical Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA Anton Zeilinger Full Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, and Scientific Director, Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Austria Shoucheng Zhang J.G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA Peter Zoller Professor of Physics, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, and Scientific Director, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria 化学引文桂冠奖获奖者名单 A. Paul Alivisatos Samsung Distinguished Professor of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science Engineering, and Director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California USA Bruce N. Ames Senior Scientist, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, and Professor Emeritus, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Allen J. Bard Hackerman-Welch Regents Chair in Chemistry and Director of the Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX USA Jacqueline K. Barton Arthur and Marian Hanisch Memorial Professor of Chemistry and Chair of the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA Adriaan Bax Biophysical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Section Chief, Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute for Diabetes Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. John E. Bercaw Centennial Professor of Chemistry, Emeritus, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA Robert G. Bergman Gerald E.K. Branch Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Carolyn R. Bertozzi Ann T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Chemistry, Professor of Chemical Systems Biology and Radiology at Stanford University and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA Patrick O. Brown Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Louis E. Brus Samuel Latham Mitchill Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY USA Emmanuelle Charpentier Associate Professor, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS, Swedish Node of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine), Umeå University, Umeå, SWEDEN; Professor, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, GERMANY; and, Head, Department Regulation in Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GERMANY George M. Church Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA Gerald R. Crabtree Professor of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Samuel J. Danishefsky Laboratory Head, Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, and Eugene W. Kettering Chair, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Dennis Lo Yuk Ming Li Ka Shing Professor of Medicine and of Chemical Pathology, and Director of the Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Jennifer A. Doudna Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology and of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA David A. Evans Abbott and James Lawrence Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA M.G. Finn Professor Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Valery V. Fokin Associate Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Jean M. J. Frechet Professor of Chemistry and of Chemical Engineering and Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA USA, and Vice President of Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Akira Fujishima President, Tokyo University of Science, Special University Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, and Supreme Advisor, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology Bernd Giese Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland John B. Goodenough Virginia H. Cockrell Centennial Professor of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA Michael Gratzel Professor and Director, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Robert H. Grubbs 2005 Victor and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. Masatake Haruta Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan Graham J. Hutchings Professor of Physical Chemistry and Director of the Cardiff Catalysis Center, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Eric N. Jacobsen Sheldon Emery Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Martin Karplus 2013 Theodore William Richards Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA and Director, Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, ISIS, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France Susumu Kitagawa Deputy Director, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), and Professor, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Charles T. Kresge Chief Technology Officer, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, SAUDI ARABIA Steven V. Ley Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, and Fellow of Trinity College. interviewed in Science Watch, January 1994 Charles Lieber Professor at Harvard University Stephen J. Lippard Arthur Amos Noyes Professor, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Benjamin List Professor and Director, Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Honorary Professor, University of Cologne, Germany Hiroshi Maeda Professor, Institute of Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University, and Professor Emeritus, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan Tobin J. Marks Vladimir N. Ipatieff Professor of Catalytic Chemistry and Professor of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Yasuhiro Matsumura Director, Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo JAPAN Krzysztof (Kris) Matyjaszewski J.C. Warner University Professor of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA Chad A. Mirkin George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA Tsutomu Miyasaka Professor of Photoelectrochemistry and Energy Science, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering and Graduate School of Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama; group leader of national research projects funded by Japan Science Technology Agency (JST) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Yokohama, Japan Graeme Moad Chief Research Scientist , CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA K.C. Nicolaou Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aline W. and L.S. Skaggs Professor in Chemical Biology and Darlene Shiley Chair in Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, Calif., Professor of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, Calif. Jens Nørskov Leland T. Edwards Professor in the School of Engineering and Professor of Photon Science and Senior Fellow at the Precourt Institute for Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Nam-Gyu Park Professor, School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea Ezio Rizzardo CSIRO Fellow, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Ryong Ryoo Director, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, and Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIST), Daejon, SOUTH KOREA Stuart L. Schreiber Director of Chemical Biology, Broad Institute, Morris Loeb Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Institute Investigator Gary B. Schuster Provost and Professor, School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Dieter Seebach Professor, Emeritus, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH (Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule), Zurich, Switzerland Nadrian C. Seeman Margaret and Herman Sokol Professor of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY USA K. Barry Sharpless 2001 W.M. Keck Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Dan Shechtman 2011 Philip Tobias Professor of Materials Science, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA George M. Sheldrick Emeritus Professor of Structural Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, GERMANY Seiji Shinkai Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan Georgiy B. Shul’pin Senior Scientific Researcher, N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Henry J. Snaith Professor in Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK J. Fraser Stoddart 2016 Saul Winstein Professor of Organic Chemistry, Northwestern University JoAnne Stubbe Novartis Professor of Chemistry Emerita, Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA Galen D. Stucky E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA Ching W. Tang Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA, and Bank of East Asia Professor, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, CHINA San H. Thang Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Donald A. Tomalia CEO/Founder, NanoSynthons LLC and Director, National Dendrimer Nanotechnology Center, Mt. Pleasant, MI USA; Adjunct Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA and Affiliate Professor, Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA. Barry Trost Tamaki Professor of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA † Roger Tsien 2008 Professor of Pharmacology and Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Steven Van Slyke Chief Technology Officer, Kateeva, Menlo Park, CA USA Fritz Vogtle Emeritus Professor, Kekule Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn), Bonn Germany George M. Whitesides Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. M. Stanley Whittingham SUNY Distinguished Professor, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY and Research Professor and Director DOE NECCES EFRC, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA Omar M. Yaghi Jean Stone Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Feng Zhang W. M. Keck Career Development Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Core Member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA 经济学引文桂冠奖获奖者名单 Philippe M. Aghion Robert C. Waggoner Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA † Armen A. Alchian Emeritus Professor, Department of Economics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Alberto Alesina Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economics, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Joshua D. Angrist Ford Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Manuel Arellano Professor of Economics, CEMFI, Madrid, Spain † Anthony B. Atkinson Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford, England, UK Robert J. Barro Robert C. Waggoner Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. † William J. Baumol Professor of Economics and Harold Price Professor of Entrepreneurship, New York University, New York, NY USA Jagdish N. Bhagwati University Professor, Department of Economics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Oliver J. Blanchard C. Fred Bergsten Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C. USA and Robert M. Solow Professor of Economics Emeritus, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Richard Blundell Ricardo Professor of Economics, University College London, Research Director at Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, ENGLAND Stephen R. Bond Senior Research Fellow, Department of Economics and Nuffield College, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom Colin F. Camerer Robert Kirby Professor of Behavioral Finance and Economics, Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, and Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Center for Social and Decision Neuroscience Leadership Chair, Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA David E. Card Class of 1950 Professor of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Wesley M. Cohen Professor of Economics and Management and Snow Family Professor of Business Administration, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Angus S. Deaton 2015 Dwight D. Eisenhower Professor of International Affairs and Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Harold Demsetz Arthur Andersen UCLA Alumni Emeritus Professor of Business Economics, Department of Economics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Douglas W. Diamond Merton H. Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Avinash K. Dixit John J. F. Sherrerd ’52 University Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Robert F. Engle 2003 Michael Armellino Professor in the Management of Financial Services, New York University Stern School of Business, New York, N.Y. Eugene F. Fama 2013 Robert R. McCormick Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Ernst Fehr Professor and Director of the Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Martin S. Feldstein George F. Baker Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Kenneth R. French Carl E. and Catherine M. Heidt Professor of Finance, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H. Jordi Gali Professor, Department of Economics, and Director of the Center for Research in International Economics, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain Mark L. Gertler Henry and Lucy Moses Professor of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA Clive W.J. Granger 2003 Department of Economics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. Mark S. Granovetter Joan Butler Ford Professor and Chair of Sociology, and Joan Butler Ford Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA Gene M. Grossman Jacob Viner Professor of International Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Professor, Department of Economics, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton, NJ, USA. Robert E. Hall Robert and Carole McNeil Joint Hoover Senior Fellow and Professor of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Lars P. Hansen 2013 Homer J. Livingston Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Oliver D. Hart 2016 Andrew E. Furer Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Jerry A. Hausman John and Jennie S. MacDonald Professor, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Elhanan Helpman Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Emeritus Professor, Department of Economics, Tel Aviv University, Israel. ESI Topics. David F. Hendry Professor of Economics, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom Bengt R. Holmstrom 2016 Paul A. Samuelson Professor of Economics and Chairman, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; joint appointment with MIT’s Sloan School of Management Peter W. Howitt Lyn Crost Professor Emeritus of Social Sciences and Professor Emeritus of Economics, Brown University, Providence, RI USA Michael C. Jensen Jesse Isidor Straus Professor of Business Administration, Emeritus, Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Dale W. Jorgenson Samuel W. Morris University Professor, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Listed among the top 50 cited economists in E. Garfield’s essay “Who Will Win the Nobel Prize in Economics? Here’s a Forecast Based on Citation Indicators,” Current Contents, March 12, 1990, based on 1966-1986 data — a list that has been extraordinarily predictive of future Nobel Prize winners. Daniel Kahneman 2002 Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology, Professor of Public Affairs, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. Israel M. Kirzner Emeritus Professor of Economics, New York University, New York, NY USA Nobuhiro Kiyotaki Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton NJ USA David M. Kreps Adams Distinguished Professor of Management and Professor of Economics, Stanford University Graduate School of Business, Stanford, CA, USA Alan B. Krueger Bendheim Professor of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Anne O. Krueger Professor of International Economics, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC USA Paul Krugman 2008 Professor, Department of Economics and Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Edward P. Lazear Morris Arnold and Nona Jean Cox Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, and Jack Steele Parker Professor of Human Resources, Management and Economics, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Stanford, CA USA Daniel A. Levinthal Reginald H. Jones Professor of Corporate Strategy, Management Department, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA John A. List Homer J. Livingston Distinguished Service Professor at Department of Economics at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA George F. Loewenstein Herbert A. Simon University Professor of Economics and Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Charles F. Manski Board of Trustees, Professor in Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Marc J. Melitz David A. Wells Professor of Political Economy, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Paul R. Milgrom Shirley and Leonard Ely Professor of Humanities, Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA John H. Moore George Watson’s and Daniel Stewart’s Professor of Political Economics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, and Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, London School of Economics, London, England Kevin M. Murphy George J. Stigler Distinguished Service Professor of Economics, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, IL USA, and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford CA USA Stewart C. Myers Robert C. Merton (1970) Professor of Financial Economics, Emeritus, Sloan School of Management, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA William D. Nordhaus 2018 Sterling Professor of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Sam Peltzman Ralph and Dorothy Keller Distinguished Service Professor of Economics Emeritus, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, Illinois, USA M. Hashem Pesaran John Elliot Distinguished Chair in Economics and Professor of Economics Director, Centre for Applied Financial Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA, Emeritus Professor of Economics and Fellow of Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom Peter C.B. Phillips Sterling Professor of Economics and Professor of Statistics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Richard A. Posner Judge, United States Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and Senior Lecturer, University of Chicago Law School, Chicago, Illinois, USA Matthew J. Rabin Edward G. and Nancy S. Jordan Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Raghuram G. Rajan Katherine Dusak Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Paul Michael Romer 2018 Stanford University Graduate School of Business, and Hoover Institution, Stanford, Calif. † Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics and Professor Finance at the MIT Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Thomas J. Sargent 2011 William R. Berkley Professor of Economics and Business, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA; and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA USA Robert J. Shiller 2013 Arthur M. Okun Professor of Economics, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics and Professor of Finance at the International Center for Finance, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA Christopher A. Sims 2011 Harold B. Helms Professor of Economics and Banking, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA John B. Taylor Mary and Robert Raymond Professor of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, and Bowen H. and Mary Arthur McCoy Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA, USA Richard H. Thaler Charles R. Walgreen Distinguished Service Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, IL, USA. Jean Tirole 2014 Scientific Director, IDEI (Institute of Industrial Economics), University of Social Sciences, Toulouse, France; Affiliated research member of CERAS, Paris, France † Gordon Tullock Professor Emeritus of Law and Economics, George Mason University School of Law, Arlington, VA USA Martin L. Weitzman Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA † Halbert L. White, Jr. Chancellor’s Associates Distinguished Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Oliver E. Williamson 2009 Edgar F. Kaiser Professor Emeritus of Business, Economics, and Law, Haas School of Business and Department of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. Robert B. Wilson Adams Distinguished Professor of Management Emeritus, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA \0
2017诺贝尔化学奖花落谁家 诸平 2017年度的引文桂冠奖已经揭晓， 下面是化学 引文桂冠奖的获奖者名单，其中有些已经获得诺贝尔奖。 那么2017年诺贝尔化学 奖究竟会花落谁家，让我们拭目以待。 A. Paul Alivisatos Samsung Distinguished Professor of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science Engineering, and Director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California USA Bruce N. Ames Senior Scientist, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, and Professor Emeritus, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Allen J. Bard Hackerman-Welch Regents Chair in Chemistry and Director of the Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX USA Jacqueline K. Barton Arthur and Marian Hanisch Memorial Professor of Chemistry and Chair of the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA Adriaan Bax Biophysical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Section Chief, Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute for Diabetes Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Carolyn R. Bertozzi Ann T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Chemistry, Professor of Chemical Systems Biology and Radiology at Stanford University and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA Patrick O. Brown Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Louis E. Brus Samuel Latham Mitchill Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY USA Emmanuelle Charpentier Associate Professor, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS, Swedish Node of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine), Umeå University, Umeå, SWEDEN; Professor, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, GERMANY; and, Head, Department Regulation in Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GERMANY George M. Church Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA Gerald R. Crabtree Professor of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Samuel J. Danishefsky Laboratory Head, Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, and Eugene W. Kettering Chair, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Dennis Lo Yuk Ming Li Ka Shing Professor of Medicine and of Chemical Pathology, and Director of the Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Jennifer A. Doudna Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology and of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA David A. Evans Abbott and James Lawrence Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA M.G. Finn Professor Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Valery V. Fokin Associate Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Jean M. J. Frechet Professor of Chemistry and of Chemical Engineering and Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA USA, and Vice President of Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Akira Fujishima President, Tokyo University of Science, Special University Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, and Supreme Advisor, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology Bernd Giese Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland John B. Goodenough Virginia H. Cockrell Centennial Professor of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA Michael Gratzel Professor and Director, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Robert H. Grubbs 2005 Victor and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. Masatake Haruta Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan Graham J. Hutchings Professor of Physical Chemistry and Director of the Cardiff Catalysis Center, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Martin Karplus 2013 Theodore William Richards Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA and Director, Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, ISIS, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France Susumu Kitagawa Deputy Director, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), and Professor, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Charles T. Kresge Chief Technology Officer, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, SAUDI ARABIA Steven V. Ley Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, and Fellow of Trinity College. interviewed in Science Watch, January 1994 Charles Lieber Professor at Harvard University Stephen J. Lippard Arthur Amos Noyes Professor, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Benjamin List Professor and Director, Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Honorary Professor, University of Cologne, Germany Hiroshi Maeda Professor, Institute of Drug Delivery Science, Sojo University, and Professor Emeritus, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan Tobin J. Marks Vladimir N. Ipatieff Professor of Catalytic Chemistry and Professor of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Yasuhiro Matsumura Director, Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo JAPAN Krzysztof (Kris) Matyjaszewski J.C. Warner University Professor of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA Chad A. Mirkin George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA Graeme Moad Chief Research Scientist , CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA K.C. Nicolaou Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aline W. and L.S. Skaggs Professor in Chemical Biology and Darlene Shiley Chair in Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, Calif., Professor of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, Calif. Ezio Rizzardo CSIRO Fellow, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Ryong Ryoo Director, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, and Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIST), Daejon, SOUTH KOREA Stuart L. Schreiber Director of Chemical Biology, Broad Institute, Morris Loeb Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Institute Investigator Gary B. Schuster Provost and Professor, School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA Dieter Seebach Professor, Emeritus, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH (Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule), Zurich, Switzerland Nadrian C. Seeman Margaret and Herman Sokol Professor of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY USA K. Barry Sharpless 2001 W.M. Keck Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Dan Shechtman 2011 Philip Tobias Professor of Materials Science, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA Seiji Shinkai Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan J. Fraser Stoddart 2016 Saul Winstein Professor of Organic Chemistry, Northwestern University Galen D. Stucky E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA Ching W. Tang Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA, and Bank of East Asia Professor, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, CHINA San H. Thang Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Donald A. Tomalia CEO/Founder, NanoSynthons LLC and Director, National Dendrimer Nanotechnology Center, Mt. Pleasant, MI USA; Adjunct Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA and Affiliate Professor, Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA. Barry Trost Tamaki Professor of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA † Roger Tsien 2008 Professor of Pharmacology and Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Steven Van Slyke Chief Technology Officer, Kateeva, Menlo Park, CA USA Fritz Vogtle Emeritus Professor, Kekule Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn), Bonn Germany George M. Whitesides Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. M. Stanley Whittingham SUNY Distinguished Professor, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY and Research Professor and Director DOE NECCES EFRC, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA Omar M. Yaghi Jean Stone Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Feng Zhang W. M. Keck Career Development Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Core Member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA
2017诺贝尔物理学奖花落谁家 诸平 2017年度的引文桂冠奖已经揭晓， 下面是物理学 引文桂冠奖的获奖者名单，其中有些已经获得诺贝尔奖。 那么2017年诺贝尔物理学 奖究竟会花落谁家，让我们拭目以待。 Yakir Aharonov Professor, Department of Physics, Computational Science and Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA; also, Emeritus Professor, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, and University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA (joint appointment) Alain Aspect CNRS Distinguished Scientist and Head of the Atom Optics Group, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d’Optique, Palaiseau France Charles H. Bennett IBM Fellow, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corporation, Yorktown Heights, NY USA Charles L. Bennett Professor of Physics Astronomy, Department of Physics Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA Michael V. Berry FRS, Melville Wills Professor of Physics Emeritus, Department of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Gilles Brassard Canada Research Chair in Quantum Information Processing, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Leigh T. Canham Chief Scientific Officer, pSiMedica Ltd., Malvern, and Honorary Professor, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, UK John F. Clauser Research Physicist, J.F. Clauser Associates, Walnut Creek, CA USA Marvin L. Cohen University Professor, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley; Senior Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Paul B. Corkum National Research Council-Canada Research Chair, Attosecond Photonics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CANADA Emmanuel Desurvire Director, Thales Physics Research Group, Palaiseau, France, since early 2007 Ronald W.P. Drever Professor of Physics Emeritus, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA Thomas W. Ebbesen Professor, University of Strasbourg, and Director, ISIS (Institute of Science and Supramolecular Engineering), Strasbourg, France François Englert 2013 Professor Emeritus, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, and Distinguished Visiting Professor in Residence, Chapman’s Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, Orange, CA USA Albert Fert 2007 Professor of Physics, University of Paris-Sud, Orsay, France Andre K. Geim 2010 FRS, Langworthy Research Professor, Chair of Condensed Matter Physics, and Director of Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Michael B. Green John Humphrey Plummer Professor of Theoretical Physics, Theoretical High Energy Particle Physics Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Celso Grebogi Sixth Century Chair in Nonlinear and Complex Systems, School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland Peter Grünberg 2007 Professor, Institute of Solid-State Physics, Julich Research Center, Julich, Germany Alan H. Guth Victor F. Weisskopf Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA Stephen E. Harris Kenneth and Barbara Oshman Professor of Electrical Engineering and Professor of Applied Physics Emeritus, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA Lene V. Hau Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Peter W. Higgs 2013 Professor Emeritus, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom Hideo Hosono Professor, Materials and Structures Laboratory and Director of Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan Juan Ignacio Cirac Director of Theory Division, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Sumio Iijima Professor, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan; Research Fellow, NEC Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan. † Deborah S. Jin Fellow, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Adjoint Professor of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA Sajeev John University Professor of Physics and Canada Research Chair, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada Charles L. Kane Class of 1965 Endowed Term Chair Professor of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA Ferenc Krausz Chair of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich; Director, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Andrei Linde Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Geoffrey W. Marcy Professor of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Michel Mayor Emeritus Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Arthur B. McDonald 2015 Director, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute; Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Laurens W. Molenkamp Professor of Physics and Chair of Experimental Physics, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, GERMANY Shuji Nakamura 2014 Professor, Materials Department, Director of the Center for Solid State Lighting and Displays, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Calif. Masataka Nakazawa Professor, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. Kostya Novoselov 2010 Royal Society Research Fellow, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Hideo Ohno Professor of the Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, and Director of the Center for Spintronics Integrated Systems, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan Edward Ott Distinguished University Professor, Yuen Sang and Yuen Kit So Professor, Department of Physics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA Lyman A. Page Henry DeWolf Smyth Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA David N. Payne Professor and Director, Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. John B. Pendry FRS, Professor of Theoretical Solid State Physics and Head of the Condensed Matter Theory Group, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK Roger Penrose O.M., F.R.S., Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Saul Perlmutter 2011 Professor, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and Senior Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Didier Queloz Professor, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, and Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Ramamoorthy Ramesh Professor, Physics and MSE, and Associate Lab Director for Energy Technologies, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Martin J. Rees Astronomer Royal; Professor of Cosmology and Astrophysics, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Master of Trinity College at the University of Cambridge Adam G. Riess 2011 Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA, and Senior Member, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD USA † Vera C. Rubin Senior Fellow, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. USA Brian P. Schmidt 2011 Australian Research Council Federation Fellow, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Weston Creek, Australia Sheldon Schultz Research Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA John H. Schwarz Harold Brown Professor of Theoretical Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. James F. Scott Director of Research, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK David R. Smith William Bevan Professor of Electrical and Computer Engieering and Director of the Center for Metamaterial and Integrated Plasmonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA David N. Spergel Charles Young Professor on the Class of 1897 Foundation and Chair, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Paul J. Steinhardt Albert Einstein Professor of Science, Departments of Physics and of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ, USA. Kip S. Thorne Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics Emeritus, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA Yoshinori Tokura Director, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, Japan, and Professor, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (Previously selected as a Citation Laureate in 2002 for work in a different area, high-temperature superconductivity.) † Yoji Totsuka Former Director-General, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Special University Professor, Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Zhong Lin Wang Regent’s Professor, Hightower Chair in Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Rainer Weiss Professor of Physics Emeritus, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Edward Witten Charles Simonyi Professor, School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J. William K. Wootters Barclay Jermain Professor of Natural Philosophy, Department of Physics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA USA Eli Yablonovitch Professor and James and Katherine Lau Chair in Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Peidong Yang S.K. and Angela Chan Distinguished Chair in Energy, Department of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA James A. Yorke Distinguished University Professor of Mathematics and Physics, Institute for Physical Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA Anton Zeilinger Full Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, and Scientific Director, Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Austria Shoucheng Zhang J.G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA Peter Zoller Professor of Physics, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, and Scientific Director, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
2017诺贝尔生理医学奖花落谁家 诸平 2017年度的引文桂冠奖已经揭晓，那么2017年诺贝尔生理医学奖究竟会花落谁家，让我们拭目以待。下面是医学引文桂冠奖的获奖者名单，其中有些已经获得诺贝尔奖。 Shizuo Akira Professor, Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan C. David Allis Tri-Institutional Professor and Joy and Jack Fishman Professor, Head, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Rockefeller University, NY USA James P. Allison Professor and Chair, Department of Immunology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX USA Victor R. Ambros Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA Michael J. Berridge Deputy Scientific Director and Head, Molecular Signaling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Honorary Professor of Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Bruce A. Beutler 2011 Professor and Chairman, Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Adrian P. Bird Buchanan Professor of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland United Kingdom Elizabeth H. Blackburn 2009 Morris Herztein Professor of Biology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Jeffrey A. Bluestone A.W. and Mary Margaret Clausen Distinguished Professor of Metabolism and Endocrinology, University of California San Francisco Medical School, San Francisco, CA USA Mario R. Capecchi 2007 Distinguished Professor of Biology and Human Genetics and Co-Chairman, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Howard Cedar Edmond J. Safra Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Pierre Chambon Former Director, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Universitat Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; and Professor, College de France, Paris, France. Robert L. Coffman Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA USA Douglas L. Coleman Senior Staff Scientist Emeritus, Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME USA Francis S. Collins Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, Senior Investigator, Genome Technology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Rory Collins Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK James E. Darnell, Jr. Vincent Astor Professor Emeritus, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Brian J. Druker JELD-WEN Chair of Leukemia Research, and Director, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland OR USA R. John Ellis Professor, Emeritus, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK. Ronald M. Evans Professor and March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Martin Evans 2007 Director of the School of Biosciences and Professor of Mammalian Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Gordon J. Freeman Professor, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA Jeffrey M. Friedman Marilyn M. Simpson Professor, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Fred H. Gage Professor, Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Jeffrey I. Gordon Dr. Robert J. Glaser Distinguished University Professor and Director of the Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine. St. Louis, MO, USA Carol W. Greider 2009 Daniel Nathans Professor and Director, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Michael Grunstein Distinguished Professor of Biological Chemistry, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Michael N. Hall Professor Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland F. Ulrich Hartl Managing Director, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany Jules A. Hoffmann 2011 President, French Academy of Sciences, Paris, France Tasuku Honjo Visiting Professor, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Arthur Horwich Eugene Higgins Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator Anthony “Tony” R. Hunter American Cancer Society Professor, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, and Renato Dulbecco Chair, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and Adjunct Professor, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Richard O. Hynes Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research, David O. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Alec J. Jefferys Professor, Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK † Elwood V. Jensen John and Gladys Strauss Professor of Cancer Research, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Charles Huggins Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA David Julius Morris Herzstein Chair in Molecular Biology and Medicine, Professor and Chair of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA Daniel J. Klionsky Alexander G. Ruthven Professor of Life Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA † Alfred G. Knudson Jr. Senior Advisor to the President and Fox Distinguished Scientist, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pa. Eric S. Lander Professor of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Director of the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Robert S. Langer David H. Koch Institute Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Charles Lee Professor and Scientific Director, Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT USA Nicholas B. Lydon Founder, Granite Biopharma, LLC, Jackson Hole, WY USA; Co-founder and Director, AnaptysBio, San Diego, CA USA; and Co-founder and Director, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA USA Joan Massague Chairman of Cell Biology Program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Weill-Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator. † Ernest A. McCulloch Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Jacques F. A. P. Miller Emeritus Professor, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia Noboru Mizushima Professor, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Kazutoshi Mori Professor, Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Timothy R. Mosmann Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Michael and Angela Pichichero Director in the David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA † Yasutomi Nishizuka President Emeritus of Kobe University, Former Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan Seiji Ogawa Director, formerly with Ogawa Laboratories for Brain Function Research, Hamano Life Science Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (closed in March 2008) Yoshinori Ohsumi 2016 Professor, Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan † Anthony “Tony” J. Pawson Distinguished Scientist and Apotex Chair in Molecular Oncology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, and Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Richard Peto FRS, Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Aharon Razin Professor Biochemistry Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Robert G. Roeder Arnold and Mabel Beckman Professor, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA James E. Rothman 2013 Wallace Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Professor and Chairman of Cell Biology, Professor of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Alexander Y. Rudensky Chairman, Immunology Program; Director, Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy; Tri-Institutional Professor at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University and Cornell University; Professor, Gerstner Sloan-Kettering Graduate School; Professor, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA Erkki Ruoslahti Distinguished Professor, Center for Nanomedicine, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Gary Ruvkun Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Massachusetts General Hospital, both Boston, MA USA David M. Sabatini Whitehead Institute, Member; Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Member, Koch Institute for Integrative Research; Senior Associate Member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA Shimon Sakaguchi Distinguished Professor, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, JAPAN Charles L. Sawyers Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Chair in Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA. Also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Randy Schekman 2013 Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Stephen W. Scherer Senior Scientist and Director, The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children; Professor and Director, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON CANADA Stuart L. Schreiber Director of Chemical Biology, Broad Institute, Morris Loeb Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA USA Arlene H. Sharpe George Fabyan Professor of Comparative Pathology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School and Member, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA Ethan M. Shevach Chief, Cellular Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA Dennis J. Slamon Professor, Chief, and Executive Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, and Director of Revlon/UCLA Women’s Cancer Research Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA Oliver Smithies 2007 Excellence Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. † Ralph M. Steinman 2011 Henry G. Kunkel Professor and Senior Physician, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Jack W. Szostak 2009 Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Masatoshi Takeichi Director, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan Craig B. Thompson President and CEO, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA James E. Till Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Robert Tjian Professor of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and President, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA Joseph P. Vacanti John Homans Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Surgeon-in-Chief and Chief of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA J. Craig Venter President, The Center for Advancement of Genomics, Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, and Venter Science Foundation, Rockville, Md Bert Vogelstein Professor of Oncology and Pathology with a Joint Appointment in Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Peter Walter Professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Robert A. Weinberg Daniel K. Ludwig and American Cancer Society Professor for Cancer Research MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Member, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Michael H. Wigler Professor and Head, Mammalian Cell Genetics Section, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA Shinya Yamanaka 2012 Director, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and Professor, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Senior Investigator, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA USA; and Professor of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
2016年诺贝尔奖揭晓时间及相关信息 诸平 根据诺贝尔奖基金委员会官方网站（ Nobelprize.org ）当地时间2016年9月21日发布的信息，2016年诺贝尔奖揭晓时间已确定。 生理医学奖最早揭晓时间：10月3日（星期一），中午11:30（ 北京时间10月3日17：30 ） 物理学奖 最早揭晓时间 ：10月4日（星期二），中午11:45（ 北京时间10月4日17：45 ） 化学奖 最早揭晓时间 ：10月5日（星期三），中午11:45（ 北京时间10月5日17：45 ） 和平奖揭晓时间： 10月7日（星期五），中午11:00（ 北京时间10月7日17：00 ） 经济学奖 最早揭晓时间 ：10月10日（星期一），中午11:45 （ 北京时间10月10日17：45 ） 文学奖揭晓时间待定 下面的2002-2015年引文桂冠奖（ Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates ）名单中星号（★）表示已经获得诺贝尔奖。 Announcement Dates Monday 3 October, 11:30 a.m. at the earliest - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The prize will be announced by Thomas Perlmann, Secretary of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine. More information Tuesday 4 October, 11:45 a.m. at the earliest - The Nobel Prize in Physics The prize will be announced by Göran K. Hansson, Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Press room and contact information Wednesday 5 October, 11:45 a.m. at the earliest - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry The prize will be announced by Göran K. Hansson, Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Press room and contact information Friday 7 October, 11:00 a.m. - The Nobel Peace Prize The prize will be announced by Kaci Kullmann Five, Chair of the Norwegian Nobel Committee. Press centre and contact information Monday 10 October, 11:45 a.m. at the earliest - The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel The prize will be announced by Göran K. Hansson, Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Press room and contact information According to tradition, the Swedish Academy will set the date for its announcement of the Nobel Prize in Literature later. The prize will be announced by Sara Danius, Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy. Contact information 如果上述图片看不清，可以点击附件进行浏览 2016-citation-laureates-graphic.pdf 相关消息： 最新引文桂冠奖出炉两位华人科学家获奖 炸药奖预测出炉，张锋、卢煜明折桂 2002-2016 年汤森路透引文桂冠奖： 2016 引文桂冠奖名单 生理学或医学 Jame P. Allion 德克萨斯大学安德森癌症中心免疫学系教授兼主任，美国，德克萨斯州，休斯顿 美国加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校（UCSF ）医学院内分泌新陈代谢学A.W. and Mary Margaret Clausen 特聘教授，美国，加利福尼亚州，旧金山 Craig B.Thompon 纪念斯隆- 凯特琳癌症中心总裁兼首席执行官，美国，纽约州，纽约 入选理由：解释CD28 和CTLA-4 如何成为T 细胞活性的调节因子，调节免疫反应。 Gordon J. Freeman 丹娜法伯癌症研究院肿瘤内科学系教授，哈佛医学院医学教授，美国，马萨诸塞州，波斯顿 Tauku Honjo 京都大学医学研究生院免疫与基因组医学学系教授，日本，京都 Arlene H. Sharpe 哈佛医学院微生物学与免疫生物学系比较病理学George Fabyan 教授，布莱根妇女医院病理科成员，美国，马萨诸塞州，波斯顿 入选理由：阐明程序性死亡受体-1 （PD-1 ）及其路径，促进了癌症免疫治疗的发展。 Michael N. Hall 巴塞尔大学教授，瑞士，巴塞尔大学 David M. Sabatini 麻省理工学院生物学教授；霍华德·休斯医学研究所研究员；白头研究所（Whitehead Institute ） 成员；布洛德研究所 （Broad Institute ） 资深成员；科赫综合癌症研究所（Koch Institute forIntegrative Cancer Research ）成员, 美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 Stuart L. Schreiber 哈佛大学化学与化学生物系MorrisLoeb 教授；霍华德·休斯医学研究所研究员；布洛德研究所（Broad Institute ）化学生物科主任。美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 入选理由：发现雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR ）及雷帕霉素机能靶蛋白（mTOR ）的生长调节因子。 物理学领域： Marvin L. Cohen 加州大学伯克利分校物理学系校聘教授，美国，加利福尼亚州，伯克利。 入选理由：固体材料的理论研究及其属性预测，尤其是经验赝势方法。 Ronald W. P. Drever 加州理工学院物理学名誉教授，美国，加利福尼亚州，帕萨迪纳。 Kip S. Thorne 加州理工学院理论物理学Feynman 教授，美国，加利福尼亚州，帕萨迪纳。 Rainer Wei 麻省理工学院理论物理学名誉教授，美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 入选理由：设立激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO ）并使检测黑洞所产生之引力波成为可能。 Celo Grebogi 亚伯丁大学自然科学与计算科学院非线性及复杂系统 六世纪 （Sixth Century ） 讲座教授，苏格兰，亚伯丁。 Edward Ott 美国，马里兰，帕克分校 Jame A.Yorke 马里兰大学物理科技所数学与物理学杰出校聘教授，美国，马里兰，帕克分校。 入选理由：描述了混沌系统的一种控制理论（OGY 方法）。 化学领域： George M. Church 哈佛医学院遗传学RobertWinthrop 教授，美国，马萨诸塞州，波斯顿。 张锋 W. M. 麻省理工学院生物医学工程学Keck Career Development 教授，布洛德研究所（Broad Institute ）核心成员。美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 入选理由：在老鼠和人类细胞中应用CRISPR-cas9 基因编辑技术。 卢煜明 香港中文大学李嘉诚健康科学研究所医学及化学病理学教授，李嘉诚健康科学研究所所长， 中国，香港。 入选理由：在孕妇血浆血中检测到胎儿游离DNA ，是无创产前检测的革命性成果。 Hirohi Maeda 崇城大学药物输送科学研究所教授，熊本大学医学院荣誉教授，日本，熊本。 Yauhiro Matumura 日本国家癌症中心（NationalCancer Center Japan ）探索性肿瘤学研究和临床试验中心发展疗法部主任, 日本，东京。 入选理由：发现大分子药物的高通透性和滞留效应，是癌症治疗学的重要发现。 经济学领域 Olivier J. Blanchard 美国华盛顿彼得森国际经济研究所C. Fred Bergstrom 高级研究员，麻省理工学院经济系经 济学Robert M. Solow 教授，美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 入选理由：对宏观经济学作出贡献，其中包括经济波动与雇佣的决定因素。 Edward P. Lazear 胡佛研究所MorrisArnold 及Nona Jean Cox 高级研究员，斯坦福商学院管理与经济系人力资源Jack SteeleParker 教授，美国，加利福尼亚州，斯坦福。 入选理由：对人事管理经济学独特领域的发展。 Marc J. Melitz 哈佛大学经济系政治经济学DavidA.Wells 教授，美国，马萨诸塞州，坎布里奇。 入选理由：对于企业异质性及国际贸易的开创性的描述。 2002-2015 引文桂冠奖名单 Philippe M. Aghion Economics, 2014 Robert C. Waggoner Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Yakir Aharonov Physics, 2009 Professor, Department of Physics, Computational Science and Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA; also, Emeritus Professor, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, and University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA (joint appointment) Shizuo Akira Medicine, 2008 Professor, Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan † Armen A. Alchian Economics, 2008 Emeritus Professor, Department of Economics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Alberto Alesina Economics, 2010 Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economics, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA A. Paul Alivisatos Chemistry, 2013 Samsung Distinguished Professor of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science Engineering, and Director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California USA C. David Allis Medicine, 2012 Tri-Institutional Professor and Joy and Jack Fishman Professor, Head, Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, Rockefeller University, NY USA Victor R. Ambros Medicine, 2008 Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA Bruce N. Ames Chemistry, 2013 Senior Scientist, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, and Professor Emeritus, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Joshua D. Angrist Economics, 2013 Ford Professor of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Alain Aspect Physics, 2011 CNRS Distinguished Scientist and Head of the Atom Optics Group, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique, Palaiseau France Sir Anthony B. Atkinson Economics, 2012 Fellow, Nuffield College, Oxford, England, UK Allen J. Bard Chemistry, 2011 Hackerman-Welch Regents Chair in Chemistry and Director of the Center for Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX USA Robert J. Barro Economics, 2002 Robert C. Waggoner Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. Jacqueline K. Barton Chemistry, 2009 Arthur and Marian Hanisch Memorial Professor of Chemistry and Chair of the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA William J. Baumol Economics, 2014 Professor of Economics and Harold Price Professor of Entrepreneurship, New York University, New York, NY USA Adriaan Bax Chemistry, 2002 Biophysical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Section Chief, Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute for Diabetes Digestive Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Charles H. Bennett Physics, 2012 IBM Fellow, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corporation, Yorktown Heights, NY USA Charles L. Bennett Physics, 2010 Professor of Physics Astronomy, Department of Physics Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA Sir Michael J. Berridge, FRS Medicine, 2002 Deputy Scientific Director and Head, Molecular Signaling, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Honorary Professor of Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Sir Michael V. Berry Physics, 2009 FRS, Melville Wills Professor of Physics Emeritus, Department of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Carolyn R. Bertozzi Chemistry, 2015 Ann T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Chemistry, Professor of Chemical Systems Biology and Radiology at Stanford University and Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA Bruce A. Beutler 2011 Medicine, 2008 Professor and Chairman, Department of Genetics, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Jagdish N. Bhagwati Economics, 2006 University Professor, Department of Economics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Adrian P. Bird Medicine, 2013 Buchanan Professor of Genetics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland United Kingdom Elizabeth H. Blackburn 2009 Medicine, 2009 Morris Herztein Professor of Biology and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Sir Richard Blundell, CBE FBA Economics, 2015 Ricardo Professor of Economics, University College London, Research Director at Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, ENGLAND Gilles Brassard Physics, 2012 Canada Research Chair in Quantum Information Processing, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Patrick O. Brown Chemistry, 2010 Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Louis E. Brus Chemistry, 2012 Samuel Latham Mitchill Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY USA Leigh T. Canham Physics, 2012 Chief Scientific Officer, pSiMedica Ltd., Malvern, and Honorary Professor, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England, UK Mario R. Capecchi 2007 Medicine, 2006 Distinguished Professor of Biology and Human Genetics and Co-Chairman, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator David E. Card Economics, 2013 Class of 1950 Professor of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA Howard Cedar Medicine, 2013 Edmond J. Safra Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Pierre Chambon Medicine, 2006 Former Director, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Universitat Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France; and Professor, College de France, Paris, France. Emmanuelle Charpentier Chemistry, 2015 Associate Professor, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS, Swedish Node of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine), Umeå University, Umeå, SWEDEN; Professor, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, GERMANY; and, Head, Department Regulation in Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, GERMANY John F. Clauser Physics, 2011 Research Physicist, J.F. Clauser Associates, Walnut Creek, CA USA Robert L. Coffman Medicine, 2011 Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer, Dynavax Technologies, Berkeley, CA USA Douglas L. Coleman Medicine, 2010 Senior Staff Scientist Emeritus, Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME USA Francis S. Collins Medicine, 2002 Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, Senior Investigator, Genome Technology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Rory Collins Medicine, 2008 Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Paul B. Corkum Physics, 2015 National Research Council-Canada Research Chair, Attosecond Photonics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CANADA Gerald R. Crabtree Chemistry, 2006 Professor of Pathology and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Samuel J. Danishefsky Chemistry, 2007 Laboratory Head, Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, and Eugene W. Kettering Chair, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA James E. Darnell, Jr. Medicine, 2014 Vincent Astor Professor Emeritus, Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Angus S. Deaton Economics, 2012 Dwight D. Eisenhower Professor of International Affairs and Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Harold Demsetz Economics, 2008 Arthur Andersen UCLA Alumni Emeritus Professor of Business Economics, Department of Economics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Emmanuel Desurvire Physics, 2006 Director, Thales Physics Research Group, Palaiseau, France, since early 2007 Douglas W. Diamond Economics, 2011 Merton H. Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Avinash K. Dixit Economics, 2006 John J. F. Sherrerd '52 University Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Jennifer A. Doudna Chemistry, 2015 Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology and of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Brian J. Druker Medicine, 2011 JELD-WEN Chair of Leukemia Research, and Director, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Science University, Portland OR USA Thomas W. Ebbesen Physics, 2010 Professor, University of Strasbourg, and Director, ISIS (Institute of Science and Supramolecular Engineering), Strasbourg, France R. John Ellis, F.R.S Medicine, 2007 Professor, Emeritus, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK. Robert F. Engle 2003 Economics, 2003 Michael Armellino Professor in the Management of Financial Services, New York University Stern School of Business, New York, N.Y. François Englert 2013 Physics, 2013 Professor Emeritus, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, and Distinguished Visiting Professor in Residence, Chapman's Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, Orange, CA USA David A. Evans Chemistry, 2006 Abbott and James Lawrence Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA Ronald M. Evans Medicine, 2006 Professor and March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Sir Martin Evans 2007 Medicine, 2006 Director of the School of Biosciences and Professor of Mammalian Genetics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Eugene F. Fama 2013 Economics, 2002 Robert R. McCormick Distinguished Service Professor of Finance, Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Ernst Fehr Economics, 2009 Professor and Director of the Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Martin S. Feldstein Economics, 2008 George F. Baker Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Albert Fert 2007 Physics, 2006 Professor of Physics, University of Paris-Sud, Orsay, France M.G. Finn Chemistry, 2013 Professor Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Valery V. Fokin Chemistry, 2013 Associate Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Jean M. J. Frechet Chemistry, 2011 Professor of Chemistry and of Chemical Engineering and Henry Rapoport Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA USA, and Vice President of Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Kenneth R. French Economics, 2002 Carl E. and Catherine M. Heidt Professor of Finance, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H. Jeffrey M. Friedman Medicine, 2010 Marilyn M. Simpson Professor, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Akira Fujishima Chemistry, 2012 President, Tokyo University of Science, Special University Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, and Supreme Advisor, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology Fred H. Gage Medicine, 2007 Professor, Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA Jordi Gali Economics, 2009 Professor, Department of Economics, and Director of the Center for Research in International Economics, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain Andre K. Geim 2010 Physics, 2008 FRS, Langworthy Research Professor, Chair of Condensed Matter Physics, and Director of Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Mark L. Gertler Economics, 2009 Henry and Lucy Moses Professor of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA Bernd Giese Chemistry, 2009 Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland John B. Goodenough Chemistry, 2015 Virginia H. Cockrell Centennial Professor of Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA Jeffrey I. Gordon Medicine, 2015 Dr. Robert J. Glaser Distinguished University Professor and Director of the Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine. St. Louis, MO, USA Clive W.J. Granger 2003 Economics, 2002 Department of Economics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. Mark S. Granovetter Economics, 2014 Joan Butler Ford Professor and Chair of Sociology, and Joan Butler Ford Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA Michael Gratzel Chemistry, 2009 Professor and Director, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Michael B. Green, FRS Physics, 2002 John Humphrey Plummer Professor of Theoretical Physics, Theoretical High Energy Particle Physics Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Carol W. Greider 2009 Medicine, 2009 Daniel Nathans Professor and Director, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Gene M. Grossman Economics, 2007 Jacob Viner Professor of International Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Professor, Department of Economics, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton, NJ, USA. Robert H. Grubbs 2005 Chemistry, 2003 Victor and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. Peter Grünberg 2007 Physics, 2006 Professor, Institute of Solid-State Physics, Julich Research Center, Julich, Germany Michael Grunstein Medicine, 2012 Distinguished Professor of Biological Chemistry, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Alan H. Guth Physics, 2006 Victor F. Weisskopf Professor of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA Lars P. Hansen 2013 Economics, 2008 Homer J. Livingston Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Economics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Stephen E. Harris Physics, 2012 Kenneth and Barbara Oshman Professor of Electrical Engineering and Professor of Applied Physics Emeritus, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA Oliver D. Hart Economics, 2006 Andrew E. Furer Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. F. Ulrich Hartl Medicine, 2007 Managing Director, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany Masatake Haruta Chemistry, 2012 Professor, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan Lene V. Hau Physics, 2012 Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA Jerry A. Hausman Economics, 2011 John and Jennie S. MacDonald Professor, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Elhanan Helpman Economics, 2007 Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Emeritus Professor, Department of Economics, Tel Aviv University, Israel. ESI Topics. Sir David F. Hendry Economics, 2013 Professor of Economics, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom Peter W. Higgs 2013 Physics, 2013 Professor Emeritus, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom Jules A. Hoffmann 2011 Medicine, 2008 President, French Academy of Sciences, Paris, France Bengt R. Holmstrom Economics, 2006 Paul A. Samuelson Professor of Economics and Chairman, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; joint appointment with MIT's Sloan School of Management Arthur Horwich Medicine, 2007 Eugene Higgins Professor of Genetics and Pediatrics at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator Hideo Hosono Physics, 2013 Professor, Materials and Structures Laboratory and Director of Materials Research Center for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan Peter W. Howitt Economics, 2014 Lyn Crost Professor Emeritus of Social Sciences and Professor Emeritus of Economics, Brown University, Providence, RI USA Anthony Tony R. Hunter Medicine, 2012 American Cancer Society Professor, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, and Renato Dulbecco Chair, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and Adjunct Professor, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Graham J. Hutchings Chemistry, 2012 Professor of Physical Chemistry and Director of the Cardiff Catalysis Center, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Richard O. Hynes Medicine, 2012 Daniel K. Ludwig Professor for Cancer Research, David O. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Juan Ignacio Cirac Physics, 2009 Director of Theory Division, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Sumio Iijima Physics, 2007 Professor, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan; Research Fellow, NEC Corporation, Ibaraki, Japan. Sir Alec J. Jefferys, FRS Medicine, 2006 Professor, Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK † Elwood V. Jensen Medicine, 2006 John and Gladys Strauss Professor of Cancer Research, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Charles Huggins Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Deborah S. Jin Physics, 2015 Fellow, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Adjoint Professor of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA Sajeev John Physics, 2011 University Professor of Physics and Canada Research Chair, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada Dale W. Jorgenson Economics, 2006 Samuel W. Morris University Professor, Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA) Listed among the top 50 cited economists in E. Garfield's essay Who Will Win the Nobel Prize in Economics? Here's a Forecast Based on Citation Indicators, Current Contents, March 12, 1990, based on 1966-1986 data — a list that has been extraordinarily predictive of future Nobel Prize winners. David Julius Medicine, 2014 Morris Herzstein Chair in Molecular Biology and Medicine, Professor and Chair of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA Daniel Kahneman 2002 Economics, 2002 Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology, Professor of Public Affairs, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. Charles L. Kane Physics, 2014 Class of 1965 Endowed Term Chair Professor of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA Martin Karplus 2013 Chemistry, 2011 Theodore William Richards Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA and Director, Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, ISIS, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France Israel M. Kirzner Economics, 2014 Emeritus Professor of Economics, New York University, New York, NY USA Susumu Kitagawa Chemistry, 2010 Deputy Director, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), and Professor, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Nobuhiro Kiyotaki Economics, 2010 Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton NJ USA Daniel J. Klionsky Medicine, 2013 Alexander G. Ruthven Professor of Life Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Alfred G. Knudson Jr. Medicine, 2002 Senior Advisor to the President and Fox Distinguished Scientist, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pa. Ferenc Krausz Physics, 2015 Chair of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich; Director, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany Charles T. Kresge Chemistry, 2014 Chief Technology Officer, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, SAUDI ARABIA Alan B. Krueger Economics, 2013 Bendheim Professor of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Anne O. Krueger Economics, 2011 Professor of International Economics, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC USA Paul Krugman 2008 Economics, 2006 Professor, Department of Economics and Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA Eric S. Lander Medicine, 2002 Professor of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Director of the Whitehead Institute/MIT Center for Genome Research, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Robert S. Langer Medicine, 2011 David H. Koch Institute Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Charles Lee Medicine, 2014 Professor and Scientific Director, Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT USA Steven V. Ley, CBE, FRS Chemistry, 2006 BP Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, and Fellow of Trinity College. interviewed in Science Watch, January 1994 Charles Lieber Chemistry, 2008 Professor at Harvard University Andrei Linde Physics, 2006 Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Stephen J. Lippard Chemistry, 2010 Arthur Amos Noyes Professor, Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA Benjamin List Chemistry, 2009 Professor and Director, Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Honorary Professor, University of Cologne, Germany John A. List Economics, 2015 Homer J. Livingston Distinguished Service Professor at Department of Economics at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Nicholas B. Lydon Medicine, 2011 Founder, Granite Biopharma, LLC, Jackson Hole, WY USA; Co-founder and Director, AnaptysBio, San Diego, CA USA; and Co-founder and Director, Blueprint Medicines, Cambridge, MA USA Charles F. Manski Economics, 2015 Board of Trustees, Professor in Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Geoffrey W. Marcy Physics, 2013 Professor of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Tobin J. Marks Chemistry, 2006 Vladimir N. Ipatieff Professor of Catalytic Chemistry and Professor of Material Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Joan Massague Medicine, 2007 Chairman of Cell Biology Program at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Professor, Weill-Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Investigator. Krzysztof (Kris) Matyjaszewski Chemistry, 2008 J.C. Warner University Professor of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA Michel Mayor Physics, 2013 Emeritus Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland † Ernest A. McCulloch Medicine, 2010 Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Arthur B. McDonald Physics, 2007 Director, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute; Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Paul R. Milgrom Economics, 2007 Shirley and Leonard Ely Professor of Humanities, Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Jacques F. A. P. Miller Medicine, 2011 Emeritus Professor, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia Chad A. Mirkin Chemistry, 2013 George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA Noboru Mizushima Medicine, 2013 Professor, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Graeme Moad Chemistry, 2014 Chief Research Scientist , CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Laurens W. Molenkamp Physics, 2014 Professor of Physics and Chair of Experimental Physics, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, GERMANY John H. Moore Economics, 2010 George Watson's and Daniel Stewart's Professor of Political Economics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, and Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, London School of Economics, London, England Kazutoshi Mori Medicine, 2015 Professor, Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, JAPAN Timothy R. Mosmann Medicine, 2011 Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Michael and Angela Pichichero Director in the David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA Kevin M. Murphy Economics, 2010 George J. Stigler Distinguished Service Professor of Economics, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, IL USA, and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford CA USA Shuji Nakamura 2014 Physics, 2002 Professor, Materials Department, Director of the Center for Solid State Lighting and Displays, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Calif. Masataka Nakazawa Physics, 2006 Professor, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. K.C. Nicolaou Chemistry, 2002 Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Aline W. and L.S. Skaggs Professor in Chemical Biology and Darlene Shiley Chair in Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, Calif., Professor of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, Calif. † Yasutomi Nishizuka Medicine, 2002 President Emeritus of Kobe University, Former Professor and Chairman, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan William D. Nordhaus Economics, 2009 Sterling Professor of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Kostya Novoselov 2010 Physics, 2008 Royal Society Research Fellow, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Seiji Ogawa Medicine, 2009 Director, formerly with Ogawa Laboratories for Brain Function Research, Hamano Life Science Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (closed in March 2008) Hideo Ohno Physics, 2011 Professor of the Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, and Director of the Center for Spintronics Integrated Systems, Tohoku University, Sendai Japan Yoshinori Ohsumi Medicine, 2013 Professor, Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan Lyman A. Page Physics, 2010 Henry DeWolf Smyth Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA † Anthony Tony J. Pawson Medicine, 2012 Distinguished Scientist and Apotex Chair in Molecular Oncology, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, and Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada David N. Payne, FRS Physics, 2006 Professor and Director, Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. Sam Peltzman Economics, 2013 Ralph and Dorothy Keller Distinguished Service Professor of Economics Emeritus, University of Chicago Booth School of Business, Chicago, Illinois, USA Sir John B. Pendry Physics, 2009 FRS, Professor of Theoretical Solid State Physics and Head of the Condensed Matter Theory Group, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK Sir Roger Penrose Physics, 2008 O.M., F.R.S., Emeritus Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Saul Perlmutter 2011 Physics, 2010 Professor, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and Senior Scientist, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA M. Hashem Pesaran Economics, 2013 John Elliot Distinguished Chair in Economics and Professor of Economics Director, Centre for Applied Financial Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA, Emeritus Professor of Economics and Fellow of Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom Sir Richard Peto Medicine, 2008 FRS, Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology and Co-Director of the Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Peter C.B. Phillips Economics, 2013 Sterling Professor of Economics and Professor of Statistics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Richard A. Posner Economics, 2013 Judge, United States Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and Senior Lecturer, University of Chicago Law School, Chicago, Illinois, USA Didier Queloz Physics, 2013 Professor, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom, and Professor, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Matthew J. Rabin Economics, 2009 Edward G. and Nancy S. Jordan Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Ramamoorthy Ramesh Physics, 2014 Professor, Physics and MSE, and Associate Lab Director for Energy Technologies, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Aharon Razin Medicine, 2013 Professor Biochemistry Emeritus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Lord Rees of Ludlow (Martin J. Rees, F.R.S.) Physics, 2007 Astronomer Royal; Professor of Cosmology and Astrophysics, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Master of Trinity College at the University of Cambridge Adam G. Riess 2011 Physics, 2010 Professor, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA, and Senior Member, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD USA Ezio Rizzardo Chemistry, 2014 CSIRO Fellow, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA Robert G. Roeder Medicine, 2014 Arnold and Mabel Beckman Professor, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA Paul Michael Romer Economics, 2005 Stanford University Graduate School of Business, and Hoover Institution, Stanford, Calif. Stephen A. Ross Economics, 2012 Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics and Professor Finance at the MIT Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA James E. Rothman 2013 Medicine, 2009 Wallace Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Professor and Chairman of Cell Biology, Professor of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Vera C. Rubin Physics, 2008 Senior Fellow, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, D.C. USA Alexander Y. Rudensky Medicine, 2015 Chairman, Immunology Program; Director, Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy; Tri-Institutional Professor at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, The Rockefeller University and Cornell University; Professor, Gerstner Sloan-Kettering Graduate School; Professor, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University; Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA Erkki Ruoslahti Medicine, 2012 Distinguished Professor, Center for Nanomedicine, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA USA Gary Ruvkun Medicine, 2008 Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Massachusetts General Hospital, both Boston, MA USA Ryong Ryoo Chemistry, 2014 Director, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, and Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIST), Daejon, SOUTH KOREA Shimon Sakaguchi Medicine, 2015 Distinguished Professor, World Premier International Research Center, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, JAPAN Thomas J. Sargent 2011 Economics, 2008 William R. Berkley Professor of Economics and Business, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA; and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA USA Charles L. Sawyers Medicine, 2011 Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Chair in Human Oncology and Pathogenesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA. Also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Randy Schekman 2013 Medicine, 2009 Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Stephen W. Scherer Medicine, 2014 Senior Scientist and Director, The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children; Professor and Director, McLaughlin Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON CANADA Brian P. Schmidt 2011 Physics, 2010 Australian Research Council Federation Fellow, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Weston Creek, Australia Stuart L. Schreiber Chemistry, 2006 Morris Loeb Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Institute Investigator Sheldon Schultz Physics, 2009 Research Professor of Physics, Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA Gary B. Schuster Chemistry, 2009 Provost and Professor, School of Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA John H. Schwarz Physics, 2002 Harold Brown Professor of Theoretical Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif. James F. Scott Physics, 2014 Director of Research, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Dieter Seebach Chemistry, 2007 Professor, Emeritus, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH (Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule), Zurich, Switzerland Nadrian C. Seeman Chemistry, 2013 Margaret and Herman Sokol Professor of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY USA K. Barry Sharpless 2001 Chemistry, 2013 W.M. Keck Professor of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA Dan Shechtman 2011 Chemistry, 2008 Philip Tobias Professor of Materials Science, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA Ethan M. Shevach Medicine, 2015 Chief, Cellular Immunology Section, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA Robert J. Shiller 2013 Economics, 2012 Arthur M. Okun Professor of Economics, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics and Professor of Finance at the International Center for Finance, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA Seiji Shinkai Chemistry, 2003 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan Christopher A. Sims 2011 Economics, 2008 Harold B. Helms Professor of Economics and Banking, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Dennis J. Slamon Medicine, 2013 Professor, Chief, and Executive Vice Chair for Research, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, and Director of Revlon/UCLA Women's Cancer Research Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA David R. Smith Physics, 2009 William Bevan Professor of Electrical and Computer Engieering and Director of the Center for Metamaterial and Integrated Plasmonics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Oliver Smithies 2007 Medicine, 2006 Excellence Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. David N. Spergel Physics, 2010 Charles Young Professor on the Class of 1897 Foundation and Chair, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA Paul J. Steinhardt Physics, 2006 Albert Einstein Professor of Science, Departments of Physics and of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton, NJ, USA. † Ralph M. Steinman 2011 Medicine, 2010 Henry G. Kunkel Professor and Senior Physician, Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA J. Fraser Stoddart Chemistry, 2002 Saul Winstein Professor of Organic Chemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif. Galen D. Stucky Chemistry, 2014 E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA Jack W. Szostak 2009 Medicine, 2009 Professor of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; also, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Masatoshi Takeichi Medicine, 2012 Director, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan Ching W. Tang Chemistry, 2014 Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA, and Bank of East Asia Professor, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, CHINA John B. Taylor Economics, 2009 Mary and Robert Raymond Professor of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, and Bowen H. and Mary Arthur McCoy Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford, CA, USA Richard H. Thaler Economics, 2002 Robert P. Gwinn Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics, Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. San H. Thang Chemistry, 2014 Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA James E. Till Medicine, 2010 Senior Scientist, Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Jean Tirole 2014 Economics, 2007 Scientific Director, IDEI (Institute of Industrial Economics), University of Social Sciences, Toulouse, France; Affiliated research member of CERAS, Paris, France Robert Tjian Medicine, 2014 Professor of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Structural Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA, and President, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA Yoshinori Tokura Physics, 2014 Director, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Saitama, Japan, and Professor, Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (Previously selected as a Citation Laureate in 2002 for work in a different area, high-temperature superconductivity.) Donald A. Tomalia Chemistry, 2011 CEO/Founder, NanoSynthons LLC and Director, National Dendrimer Nanotechnology Center, Mt. Pleasant, MI USA; Adjunct Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA and Affiliate Professor, Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA. † Yoji Totsuka Physics, 2007 Former Director-General, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Special University Professor, Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Barry Trost Chemistry, 2007 Tamaki Professor of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Roger Tsien 2008 Chemistry, 2008 Professor of Pharmacology and Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA; also Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Gordon Tullock Economics, 2011 Professor Emeritus of Law and Economics, George Mason University School of Law, Arlington, VA USA Joseph P. Vacanti Medicine, 2011 John Homans Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Surgeon-in-Chief and Chief of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA Steven Van Slyke Chemistry, 2014 Chief Technology Officer, Kateeva, Menlo Park, CA USA J. Craig Venter Medicine, 2002 President, The Center for Advancement of Genomics, Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, and Venter Science Foundation, Rockville, Md Bert Vogelstein Medicine, 2002 Professor of Oncology and Pathology with a Joint Appointment in Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator Fritz Vogtle Chemistry, 2011 Emeritus Professor, Kekule Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn), Bonn Germany Peter Walter Medicine, 2015 Professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Zhong Lin Wang Physics, 2015 Regent’s Professor, Hightower Chair in Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Robert A. Weinberg Medicine, 2002 Daniel K. Ludwig and American Cancer Society Professor for Cancer Research MIT, Cambridge, Mass., Member, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Mass. Martin L. Weitzman Economics, 2009 Professor of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA † Halbert L. White, Jr. Economics, 2011 Chancellor's Associates Distinguished Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA George M. Whitesides Chemistry, 2002 Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. M. Stanley Whittingham Chemistry, 2015 SUNY Distinguished Professor, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY and Research Professor and Director DOE NECCES EFRC, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, USA Michael H. Wigler Medicine, 2014 Professor and Head, Mammalian Cell Genetics Section, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY USA Oliver E. Williamson 2009 Economics, 2006 Edgar F. Kaiser Professor Emeritus of Business, Economics, and Law, Haas School of Business and Department of Economics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. Robert B. Wilson Economics, 2007 Adams Distinguished Professor of Management Emeritus, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Edward Witten Physics, 2002 Charles Simonyi Professor, School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J. William K. Wootters Physics, 2012 Barclay Jermain Professor of Natural Philosophy, Department of Physics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA USA Eli Yablonovitch Physics, 2011 Professor and James and Katherine Lau Chair in Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA Omar M. Yaghi Chemistry, 2010 Jean Stone Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA Shinya Yamanaka 2012 Medicine, 2010 Director, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application and Professor, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Senior Investigator, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA USA; and Professor of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA Peidong Yang Physics, 2014 S.K. and Angela Chan Distinguished Chair in Energy, Department of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA Anton Zeilinger Physics, 2011 Full Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, and Scientific Director, Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Austria Shoucheng Zhang Physics, 2014 J.G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA Peter Zoller Physics, 2009 Professor of Physics, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, and Scientific Director, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Innsbruck, Austria
中村修二( Shuji Nakamura )及其高引论著 诸平 瑞典皇家科学院2014年10月7日宣布，将2014年诺贝尔物理学奖授予日本科学家赤崎勇（Isamu Akasaki）和天野宽志（Hiroshi Amano）以及美籍日裔科学家中村修二（Shuji Nakamura），以表彰他们发现了新型节能的环保光源。中村修二曾经在2002年获得 汤森路透 （ THOMSON REUTERS ） 的引文桂冠奖 （ Hall of Citation Laureates ），时隔12年之后，在终于成为现实。所以说已经获得引文桂冠奖的科学家，延年益寿，耐心等待就有可能登上诺贝尔奖的领奖台。 Shuji Nakamura 2014 Physics, 2002 Professor, Materials Department, Director of the Center for Solid State Lighting and Displays, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Calif. 诺贝尔物理学奖评选委员会认为，LED灯基于其低能耗的优点可依靠当地低成本的太阳能便能够使用，这种新型光源的问世为全球15亿未能受益于电网的人口带来了更高的生活品质。虽然这项发明仅有“20岁”，但它已经使人类从一种白色光源的新创造方式中获益匪浅。 中村修二（Shuji Nakamura）在得知自己获奖的消息后，在现场电话连线中表达了惊喜之情。 有报道称 ： 对蓝色发光二极管的实用化做出突出贡献的中村修二，起初并未因此项发明从日亚公司得到任何报酬，而日亚化学禁止员工发表论文，所以中村修二在研究期间发表论文都是背着公司偷偷在国外期刊上发布的，由于他在日本国内没有发布有影响力的论文，这导致中村修二从日亚辞职后，甚至找不到一家肯接收自己的企业或研究所。无奈之下，中村修二于2000年赴美国加州大学圣巴巴拉分校任职。 日亚化学从中村修二的专利中获得了百亿美元的收益，并由此从一家名不见经传的小公司成长为行业巨头，中村修二为在2001年起诉日亚，最终法院裁定日亚向中村修二支付200亿日元(约1.82亿美元)，所以，中村修二可能是有史以来最富有的诺奖得主了。 被誉为“ 蓝光 之父”的中村修二1954年生于日本伊方町，1994年从日本徳岛大学获得博士学位，自2000年以来供职于美国加利福尼亚大学圣巴巴拉分校，现为美国国籍。 1993年，在日本日亚化学工业公司(简称“日亚公司”)做技术员的中村开发出蓝色高亮度发光二极管，使LED向实用化迈出了重要一步。 这样一名优秀的科学家，却在2000年离开日本前往美国，着实令人费解。2001年8月，中村向东京地方法院起诉原东家日亚公司，要求归还其专利所有权，并支付200亿日元专利使用费，由此揭开了这一秘密。 1993年，中村发明蓝光二极管后，由日亚公司申请获得了专利。同年12月，日亚公司开始生产蓝光二极管的照明成品，获得了巨大利润。但是，日亚公司只向中村支付了2万日元的“奖励”(申请专利和注册专利时各1万日元)。2000年，中村决定前往美国，办理辞职手续时，公司要求他签署合同，保证3年内不再从事蓝光二极管的基础技术研究，中村拒绝，并因此未能领到退职金。中村前往美国的大学就任后，日亚公司居然追到美国让他签合同，中村再度断然拒绝。未料到该公司居然在2000年12月以涉嫌泄露企业机密，将中村和他担任顾问的美国克利公司以及北卡罗莱纳大学告上法庭。 于是，忍无可忍的中村将日亚公司告上日本的法庭。2005年1月11日，在东京高等法院的主持下，中村与日亚公司达成和解，由日亚公司向其支付共计8亿4391万日元的发明补偿金。 尽管如此，中村修二还是在日本和2000年去美国之后，先后出版了一些备受关注的论著，其中被引最多的是2000年出版的《蓝光激光二极管的完整故事》（ The blue laser diode: the complete story ） 一书，累计被引5300余次，其次是1994年在《应用物理快报》（ Applied Physics Letters ）发表的论文—— Candela‐class high‐brightness InGaN/AlGaN double‐heterostructure blue‐light‐emitting diodes ，累计被引超过3100次；2000年出版的《激光二极管》（ Laser Diodes ）专著， 累计被引超过2200次；被引在1000次以上的还有1991年和1995年发表的2篇论文， 下面摘录了 中村修二的部分高引 论著 （被引500次 ），供大家参考。 The blue laser diode: the complete story S Nakamura , S Pearton , G Fasol - 2000 - books.google.com Shuji Nakamura's development of a blue semiconductor laser on the basis of GaN opens the way for a host of new applications of semiconductor lasers. The wavelengths can be tuned by controlling the composition. For the first time it is possible to produce lasers with ... Cited by 5335 Related articles All 5 versions Cite Save boisestate.edu Candela‐class high‐brightness InGaN/AlGaN double‐heterostructure blue‐light‐emitting diodes S Nakamura , T Mukai, M Senoh - Applied Physics Letters, 1994 - scitation.aip.org Candela‐class high‐brightness InGaN/AlGaN double‐heterostructure (DH) blue‐light‐ emitting diodes (LEDs) with the luminous intensity over 1 cd were fabricated. As an active layer, a Zn‐doped InGaN layer was used for the DH LEDs. The typical output power was ... Cited by 3172 Related articles All 7 versions Cite Save Laser Diodes S Nakamura - Optoelectronic properties of semiconductors and …, 2000 - books.google.com InGaN multi-quantum-well-structure (MQW) laser diodes (LDs) with Alo. i4Gao. g6N/GaN modulation doped strained-layer superlattice (MD-SLS) cladding layers grown on an epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN (ELOG) substrate was demonstrated to have a lifetime ... Cited by 2216 Related articles All 6 versions Cite Save GaN growth using GaN buffer layer S Nakamura - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 1991 - iopscience.iop.org The Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) serves as an academic interface between science and engineering and an interactive platform for academia and the industry. JSAP is a conduit for the transfer of fundamental concepts to the industry for development and ... Cited by 1124 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save 140.120.11.121 High-brightness InGaN blue, green and yellow light-emitting diodes with quantum well structures S Nakamura , M Senoh, N Iwasa… - … JOURNAL OF APPLIED …, 1995 - 140.120.11.121 High-brightness blue, green and yellow light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with quantum well structures based on III-V nitrides were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrates. The typical green LEDs had a peak wavelength of 525 nm and full ... Cited by 1288 Related articles All 7 versions Cite Save Superbright green InGaN single-quantum-well-structure light-emitting diodes S Nakamura , M Senoh, N Iwasa… - Japanese journal of …, 1995 - iopscience.iop.org The Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) serves as an academic interface between science and engineering and an interactive platform for academia and the industry. JSAP is a conduit for the transfer of fundamental concepts to the industry for development and ... Cited by 915 Related articles All 5 versions Cite Save ua.pt The roles of structural imperfections in InGaN-based blue light-emitting diodes and laser diodes S Nakamura - Science, 1998 - sciencemag.org High-efficiency light-emitting diodes emitting amber, green, blue, and ultraviolet light have been obtained through the use of an InGaN active layer instead of a GaN active layer. The localized energy states caused by In composition fluctuation in the InGaN active layer are ... Cited by 1272 Related articles All 7 versions Cite Save Hole compensation mechanism of p-type GaN films S Nakamura , N Iwasa, M Senoh… - Japanese journal of …, 1992 - iopscience.iop.org The Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) serves as an academic interface between science and engineering and an interactive platform for academia and the industry. JSAP is a conduit for the transfer of fundamental concepts to the industry for development and ... Cited by 842 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save Thermal annealing effects on p-type Mg-doped GaN films S Nakamura , T Mukai, M Senoh… - Japanese Journal of …, 1992 - iopscience.iop.org The Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) serves as an academic interface between science and engineering and an interactive platform for academia and the industry. JSAP is a conduit for the transfer of fundamental concepts to the industry for development and ... Cited by 835 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save Role of self-formed InGaN quantum dots for exciton localization in the purple laser diode emitting at 420 nm …, M Funato, S Fujita, S Fujita, S Nakamura - Applied physics …, 1997 - scitation.aip.org Structural analysis was performed on a purple laser diode composed of In 0.20 Ga 0.80 N (3 nm)/In 0.05 Ga 0.95 N (6 nm) multiple quantum wells, by employing transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis, both of which are assessed from ... Cited by 922 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save High-power GaN pn junction blue-light-emitting diodes S Nakamura , T Mukai, M Senoh - Japanese Journal of Applied …, 1991 - iopscience.iop.org The Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP) serves as an academic interface between science and engineering and an interactive platform for academia and the industry. JSAP is a conduit for the transfer of fundamental concepts to the industry for development and ... Cited by 645 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save cox.net InGaN/GaN/AlGaN-based laser diodes with modulation-doped strained-layer superlattices grown on an epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN substrate S Nakamura , M Senoh, S Nagahama… - Applied Physics …, 1998 - ieeexplore.ieee.org InGaN multi-quantum-well-structure laser diodes with Al0. 14Ga0. 86N/GaN modulation doped strained-layer superlattice cladding layers grown on an epitaxially laterally overgrown GaN (ELOG) substrate was demonstrated to have a lifetime of more than 1150 ... Cited by 767 Related articles All 6 versions Cite Save High‐power InGaN single‐quantum‐well‐structure blue and violet light‐emitting diodes S Nakamura , M Senoh, N Iwasa… - Applied Physics …, 1995 - scitation.aip.org High‐power blue and violet light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on III–V nitrides were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrates. As an active layer, the InGaN single‐quantum‐well‐structure was used. The violet LEDs produced 5.6 mW at 20 ... Cited by 574 Related articles All 4 versions Cite Save boisestate.edu High‐power InGaN/GaN double‐heterostructure violet light emitting diodes S Nakamura , M Senoh, T Mukai - Applied Physics Letters, 1993 - scitation.aip.org InGaN/GaN double‐heterostructure light‐emitting diodes were fabricated. The output power was 90 μW and the external quantum efficiency was as high as 0.15% at a forward current of 20 mA at room temperature. The peak wavelengths of the electroluminescence (EL) ... Cited by 572 Related articles All 5 versions Cite Save Room‐temperature continuous‐wave operation of InGaN multi‐quantum‐well structure laser diodes S Nakamura , M Senoh, S Nagahama… - Applied Physics …, 1996 - scitation.aip.org Continuous‐wave (cw) operation of InGaN multi‐quantum‐well structure laser diodes (LDs) was demonstrated at room temperature (RT). The threshold current and voltage of the LD were 130 mA and 8 V, respectively. The threshold carrier density was 9 kA/cm2. The ... Cited by 502 Related articles All 5 versions Cite Save mit.edu Characteristics of InGaN-based UV/blue/green/amber/red light-emitting diodes T Mukai, M Yamada, S Nakamura - Japanese Journal of Applied …, 1999 - iopscience.iop.org Highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting ultraviolet (UV), blue, green, amber and red light have been obtained through the use of InGaN active layers instead of GaN active layers. Red LEDs with an emission wavelength of 675 nm, whose emission energy was ... Cited by 538 Related articles All 6 versions Cite Save 也可以参看“ 中村二修H指数小议 ”: http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-212210-897373.html
汤森·路透预测 2013 年诺贝尔奖获得者 （2013-09-27修改） 诸平 Will a Citation Laureate take the stage in Stokholm this year? 据 汤森·路透 （ Thomson Reuters ） IP 与科学业务网站（ IP Science business of Thomson Reuters ） 2013 年 9 月 25 日 的报道 , 公布了汤森·路透 2013 年引文奖的获得者名单，因为自 2002 年以来，根据引文情况，183名引文奖获得者中已经有 27人获得 诺贝尔奖。今年 , 值得注意是在汤森·路透列表的提名中包括 Francois Englert 和 Peter W. Higgs ，因为他们在物理学领域内对于 Brout-Englert-Higgs 玻色子粒子的预测；在经济学领域 , Sam Peltzman 和 Richard A. Posner 因为 他们对经济理论规则的扩展工作。生物·医学领域的提名者包括 Adrian P. Bird , Howard Cedar 和 Aharon Razin 是因为他们 对有关 DNA 甲基化和基因表达的发现。化学提名包括 M.G. Finn , Valery V. Fokin 和 K. Barry Sharpless ，是因为 他们对模块化点击化学的发展。如果 K. Barry Sharpless 他们今年获得诺贝尔化学奖，那么对 K. Barry Sharpless 来说就是 第二次获得诺贝尔化学奖，因为他 因手性型催化氧化反应而赢得了 2001 年 诺贝尔化学奖。更多预测结果见下表，究竟花落谁家，让我们拭目以待。 : 表 1 2013 年汤姆路透引文桂冠奖获得者一览表 CHEMISTRY A. Paul Alivisatos Samsung Distinguished Professor of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, and Director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA -and- Chad A. Mirkin George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA -and- Nadrian C. Seeman Margaret and Herman Sokol Professor of Chemistry New York University New York, NY, USA For contributions to DNA nanotechnology READ MORE... Bruce N. Ames Senior Scientist and Professor Emeritus, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA and University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, CA, USA For the invention of the Ames test of mutagenicity READ MORE... M.G. Finn Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA, USA -and- Valery V. Fokin Associate Professor of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA -and- K. Barry Sharpless W.M. Keck Professor of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla, CA, USA For the development of modular click chemistry READ MORE... PHYSICS Francois Englert Professor Emeritus and Distinguished Visiting Professor in Residence, Chapman Institute for Quantum Studies Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium and Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA -and- Peter W. Higgs Professor Emeritus University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, Scotland, UK For their prediction of the Brout-Englert-Higgs boson READ MORE... Hideo Hosono Professor, Materials and Structures Laboratory and Director of Materials Research Center for Element Strategy Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama, Japan For his discovery of iron-based superconductors READ MORE... Geoffrey W. Marcy Professor of Astronomy University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA -and- Michel Mayor Emeritus Professor University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland -and- Didier Queloz Professor University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland For their discoveries of extrasolar planets READ MORE... PHYSIOLOGY or MEDICINE Adrian P. Bird Buchanan Professor of Genetics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh, Scotland, UK -and- Howard Cedar Edmond J. Safra Distinguished Professor Emeritus Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel -and- Aharon Razin Professor of Biochemistry Emeritus Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel For their fundamental discoveries concerning DNA methylation and gene expression READ MORE... Daniel J. Klionsky Alexander G. Ruthven Professor of Life Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA -and- Noboru Mizushima Professor, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan -and- Yoshinori Ohsumi Professor, Frontier Research Center Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama, Japan For elucidating the molecular mechanisms and physiological function of autophagy READ MORE... Dennis J. Slamon Professor, Chief, and Executive Vice Chair for Research Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology and Director of Revlon/UCLA Women's Cancer Research Program University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA For his pioneering research identifying the HER-2/neu oncogene, leading to more effective cancer therapy READ MORE... ECONOMICS Joshua D. Angrist Ford Professor of Economics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA -and- David E. Card Class of 1950 Professor of Economics University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA -and- Alan B. Krueger Bendheim Professor of Economics Princeton University Princeton, NJ, USA For their advancement of empirical microeconomics READ MORE... Sir David F. Hendry Professor of Economics University of Oxford Oxford, England, UK -and- M. Hashem Pesaran John Elliot Distinguished Chair in Economics Professor of Economics, and Emeritus Professor of Economics Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK -and- Peter C.B. Phillips Sterling Professor of Economics and Professor of Statistics Yale University New Haven, CT, USA For their contributions to economic time-series, including modeling, testing and forecasting READ MORE... Sam Peltzman Ralph and Dorothy Keller Distinguished Service Professor of Economics Emeritus University of Chicago Booth School of Business Chicago, IL, USA -and- Richard A. Posner Judge, United States Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and Senior Lecturer University of Chicago Law School Chicago, IL, USA For extending economic theories of regulation READ MORE... This year’s Citation Laureates in Physiology or Medicine are: University of Edinburgh geneticist Adrian Bird and Hebrew University of Jerusalem researchers Howard Cedar and Aharon Razin for “for fundamental discoveries concerning DNA methylation and gene expression.” Cedar and Razin, who have collaborated for the last 30 years, were the first to explain how DNA methylation functions in turning on or off gene expression, helping give birth to the study of epigenetic regulation. Bird extended this work by elucidating two different types of methylation. University of Michigan biochemist Daniel Klionsky , University of Tokyo researcher Noboru Mizushima , and Tokyo Institute of Technology scientist Yoshinori Ohsumi for “for elucidating the molecular mechanisms and physiological function of autophagy.” Ohsumi and Mizushima were two of the first researchers to catalog the proteins involved in autophagy pathways in yeast, and Klionski studies autophagy in mitochondria. Klionski helped developed the understanding that autophagy was more an essential cellular function then a simple garbage disposal system for worn out cell components. Dennis Slamon , a clinical researcher from the University of California, Los Angeles, “for pioneering research identifying the HER-2/neu oncogene, leading to more effective cancer therapy.” Slamon, along with his UCLA colleagues, discovered a monoclonal antibody that blocks HER-2, an aberrant protein found in some women with breast cancer. That antibody would eventually become the drug herceptin, which transformed HER-2-positive breast cancers from death sentences to manageable diseases. This year’s Citation Laureates in Chemistry include: Paul Alivisatos , Director of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Northwestern University chemist Chad Mirkin , and New York University chemist, Nadrian Seeman “for contributions to DNA nanotechnology.” University of California, Berkeley researcher Bruce Ames “for the invention of the Ames test of mutagenicity.” Be sure to stay tuned to The Scientist in October to find out who actually wins Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine and/or Chemistry. 相关博文： 2013年诺贝尔奖揭晓时间已确定 如何看待一年一度的诺贝尔奖评选？
昨天是生理学/医学的三位，均获得过汤森路透的引文桂冠奖，今天发布的物理学，三人也全部获得过引文桂冠奖，看来通过引文预测诺贝尔有点靠谱！ 历年引文桂冠奖物理的得主详见 http://science.thomsonreuters.com/nobel/categories/physics/ 今天公布的物理学奖： Photo: Roy Kaltschmidt. Courtesy: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Photo: Belinda Pratten, Australian National University Photo: Homewood Photography Saul Perlmutter Brian P. Schmidt Adam G. Riess The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 was awarded "for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae" with one half to Saul Perlmutter and the other half jointly to Brian P. Schmidt and Adam G. Riess .
标签: 引文桂冠奖
