PubMed Results Items 1 -20 of 20 PMID- 20119537 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 0008-5286 (Electronic) IS - 0008-5286 (Linking) VI - 50 IP - 11 DP - 2009 Nov TI - An investigation into human pandemic influenza virus (H1N1) 2009 on an Alberta swine farm. PG - 1153-1161 AB - On May 2, 2009 the Canadian Food Inspection Agency notified the World Organization for Animal Health that an emerging novel influenza A virus (pandemic H1N1 2009) had been confirmed on a swine farm in Alberta. Over a 4-week period pigs in this farrow-to-finish operation were clinically affected by respiratory disease consistent with an influenza A virus infection and the presence of active viral infection was confirmed in all production areas by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Despite clinical recovery of animals, there was reluctance by purchasers to receive animals from this operation due to concerns about the effect on both domestic and international markets. The owner decided to depopulate the entire herd due to impending welfare issues associated with overcrowding and economic concerns resulting from the inability to market these animals. Carcasses were rendered or composted and did not enter the human food or animal feed chain. The source of virus in this herd was determined to be an infected human. Zoonotic transmission to 2 individuals responding to the outbreak was suspected and recommendations to prevent occupational exposure are discussed. AD - Terrestrial Animal Health Division, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0Y9 (Howden, Caya, Morrison, Laurendeau); Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1 (Brockhoff); Alberta Health Services, Central Zone, 300 Jordan Parkway, Red Deer, Alberta T4P 0G8 (McLeod, Lavoie, Ing); Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1 (McLeod); Food Safety Division, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Edmonton, Alberta T6H 4P2 (Bystrom, Keenliside); National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, 1015 Arlington Street Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3M4 (Alexandersen, Pasick, Berhame); Operations Strategy and Delivery Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 1400 Merivale Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0Y9 (Rohonczy). AU - Howden KJ AU - Brockhoff EJ AU - Caya FD AU - McLeod LJ AU - Lavoie M AU - Ing JD AU - Bystrom JM AU - Alexandersen S AU - Pasick JM AU - Berhane Y AU - Morrison ME AU - Keenliside JM AU - Laurendeau S AU - Rohonczy EB LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE TA - Can Vet J JT - The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne JID - 0004653 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Can Vet J. 2009 Nov;50(11):1153-1161. PMID- 20118381 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1942-5546 (Electronic) IS - 1942-5546 (Linking) DP - 2010 Jan 29 TI - Influenza Vaccines: From Surveillance Through Production to Protection. AB - Influenza is an important contributor to population and individual morbidity and mortality. The current influenza pandemic with novel H1N1 has highlighted the need for health care professionals to better understand the processes involved in creating influenza vaccines, both for pandemic as well as for seasonal influenza. This review presents an overview of influenza-related topics to help meet this need and includes a discussion of the burden of disease, virology, epidemiology, viral surveillance, and vaccine strain selection. We then present an overview of influenza vaccine-related topics, including vaccine production, vaccine efficacy and effectiveness, influenza vaccine misperceptions, and populations that are recommended to receive vaccination. English-language articles in PubMed published between January 1, 1970, and October 7, 2009, were searched using key words human influenza, influenza vaccines, influenza A, and influenza B. AD - Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States. AU - Tosh PK AU - Jacobson RM AU - Poland GA LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE DEP - 20100129 TA - Mayo Clin Proc JT - Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic JID - 0405543 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 AID - mcp.2009.0615 AID - 10.4065/mcp.2009.0615 PST - aheadofprint SO - Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Jan 29. PMID- 20117271 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1873-2518 (Electronic) IS - 1873-2518 (Linking) DP - 2010 Jan 28 TI - Positive attitudes of French general practitioners towards A/H1N1 influenza-pandemic vaccination: A missed opportunity to increase vaccination uptakes in the general public? AB - Attitudes of general practitioners (GPs) towards A/H1N1 pandemic vaccination are unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with computer-assisted telephone interviewing in the French Regional Panel of General Practices from June 16 to September 22, 2009. Of 1434 respondents representative of GPs in four French regions, 885 (61.7%) were willing to accept A/H1N1 pandemic vaccination for themselves. The personal history of seasonal flu vaccination was the strongest independent predictive factor of willingness to accept A/H1N1 pandemic vaccination (p.0001). GPs receiving seasonal vaccines every year were more likely to accept A/H1N1 pandemic vaccination than those who were never vaccinated in the prior 3 years (adjusted OR=4.38; 95% CI, 2.44-4.67). Willingness to accept pandemic vaccination was also significantly associated with being on call for emergencies; positive attitudes towards other protective measures against A/H1N1 influenza virus in the practice; and a higher readiness to provide additional consultations in response to the pandemic. In conclusion, GPs showed a high acceptability of A/H1N1 pandemic vaccination. GPs' involvement in the mass vaccination campaign, which has been neglected by French public health authorities, may have increased uptake rates in the general public. CI - Copyright (c) 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd. AD - INSERM, U912 (SE4S), Marseille, France; Universite Aix Marseille, IRD, UMR-S912, Marseille, France; ORS PACA, Observatoire Regional de la Sante Provence Alpes Cote d'Azur, Marseille, France. AU - Schwarzinger M AU - Verger P AU - Guerville MA AU - Aubry C AU - Rolland S AU - Obadia Y AU - Moatti JP LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE DEP - 20100128 TA - Vaccine JT - Vaccine JID - 8406899 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PHST- 2009/12/15 PHST- 2010/01/06 PHST- 2010/01/16 AID - S0264-410X(10)00059-9 AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.01.027 PST - aheadofprint SO - Vaccine. 2010 Jan 28. PMID- 20117250 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1567-7257 (Electronic) IS - 1567-7257 (Linking) DP - 2010 Jan 28 TI - Reassortment between Swine Influenza A Viruses Increased their Adaptation to Humans in Pandemic H1N1/09. AB - In April 2009, pandemic H1N1/09 influenza, which originated from swine influenza, appeared in North America, and it has since spread globally among humans. It is important to know how swine influenza A virus broke the host barrier to cause a pandemic. We analyzed 673 strains of human, avian, and swine influenza viruses and assessed the internal genes PB2, PB1, PA, NP, M, and NS. Here we found accumulation of mutations in segments that were retained as well as introduced due to genetic reassortment of viruses. The retained segments may have to mutate to accommodate new segments. The mutations caused by interaction among segments retained and introduced due to reassortment between swine influenza viruses may have increased the adaptation of the virus to humans, leading to pandemic H1N1/09. We indicate the sites that probably contributed to the acquisition of efficient human-to-human transmission. CI - Copyright (c) 2010. Published by Elsevier B.V. AD - Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryou-machi Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. AU - Furuse Y AU - Suzuki A AU - Oshitani H LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE DEP - 20100128 TA - Infect Genet Evol JT - Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases JID - 101084138 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PHST- 2009/11/27 PHST- 2010/01/15 PHST- 2010/01/22 AID - S1567-1348(10)00014-6 AID - 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.01.010 PST - aheadofprint SO - Infect Genet Evol. 2010 Jan 28. PMID- 20116970 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1769-6623 (Electronic) IS - 1769-6623 (Linking) DP - 2010 Jan 28 TI - AB - Novel influenza A (H1N1) at the origin of the 2009 pandemic flu developed mainly in subjects of less than 65 years contrary to the seasonal influenza, which usually developed in elderly patients of more than 65 years. Elderly subjects are partly protected by old meetings with close stocks. Influenza A(H1N1) can arise in serious forms within 60 to 80% of cases a fulminant acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) malignant and fulminant influenza in subjects without any comorbidity, which makes the gravity and the fear of this influenza. The fact that this influenza A (H1N1) can develop in healthy young patients and evolve in few hours to a severe ARDS with a refractory hypoxemia gave to the foreground the possible interest of the recourse to extracorporeal oxygenation (ECMO) in some selected severe ARDS (5-10%). The first publications of patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) for severe influenza A (H1N1) often associated to an ARDS reported a mortality rate from 15 to 40%. This mortality variability may be explained in part by different studied populations, ARDS characteristics and human and material resources in the ICUs between the countries. Indeed, the highest mortality rates (30-40%) have been reported by in Mexico which were affected the first by pandemic flu and which were not prepared. A bacterial pneumonia was associated to H1N1 influenza in approximately 30% of the cases as at admission in ICU or following the days of the admission justifying an early antibiotherapy associated to the antiviral treatment by oseltamivir (Tamiflu((R))). Obesity, pregnancy and respiratory diseases (asthma, COPD) seem to be associated to the development of a severe viral pneumonia due to influenza A (H1N1) often with ARDS. Older age, high APACHE II and SOFA scores and a delay of initiation of the antiviral treatment by oseltamivir are associated to higher morbidity and mortality. Other analyses of the results obtained from the first published papers included more patients and future studies would permitted to better define the role of therapeutics such as steroids and ECMO. CI - Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. AD - Unite de reanimation et de transplantation, service d'anesthesie-reanimation B, hopital Saint-Eloi, CHU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France. AU - Jaber S AU - Conseil M AU - Coisel Y AU - Jung B AU - Chanques G LA - FRE PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE TT - Grippe A (H1N1) et SDRA : caracteristiques des patients admis en reanimation et prise en charge. Revue de la litterature. DEP - 20100128 TA - Ann Fr Anesth Reanim JT - Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation JID - 8213275 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PHST- 2009/12/19 PHST- 2009/12/23 AID - S0750-7658(09)00680-7 AID - 10.1016/j.annfar.2009.12.026 PST - aheadofprint SO - Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2010 Jan 28. PMID- 20113579 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Data-Review DA - 20100201 IS - 1080-6059 (Electronic) IS - 1080-6059 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 2 DP - 2010 Feb TI - Bronchial Casts and Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infection. PG - 344-6 AB - To the Editor: In the late 1990s, triple-reassortant influenza A viruses containing genes from avian, human, and swine influenza viruses emerged and became enzootic in swine herds in North America (1). The first 11 human cases of novel influenza A virus infection were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Atlanta, GA, USA) from December 2005 through February 2009 (1). In response to those reports, surveillance for human infection with nonsubtypeable influenza A viruses was implemented. AD - Nihon University Nerima-Hikarigaoka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (M. Hasegawa, Y. Inamo, T. Fuchigami, K. Hashimoto); Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo (M. Morozumi, K. Ubukata, T. Takahashi); and National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo (H. Watanabe). FAU - Hasegawa, Maki AU - Hasegawa M FAU - Inamo, Yasuji AU - Inamo Y FAU - Fuchigami, Tatsuo AU - Fuchigami T FAU - Hashimoto, Koji AU - Hashimoto K FAU - Morozumi, Miyuki AU - Morozumi M FAU - Ubukata, Kimiko AU - Ubukata K FAU - Watanabe, Haruo AU - Watanabe H FAU - Takahashi, Takashi AU - Takahashi T LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - United States TA - Emerg Infect Dis JT - Emerging infectious diseases JID - 9508155 SB - IM EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;16(2):344-6. PMID- 20113569 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1080-6059 (Electronic) IS - 1080-6059 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 2 DP - 2010 Feb TI - Extensive Mammalian Ancestry of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus. PG - 314-317 AB - We demonstrate that the novel pandemic influenza (H1N1) viruses have human virus-like receptor specificity and can no longer replicate in aquatic waterfowl, their historic natural reservoir. The biological properties of these viruses are consistent with those of their phylogenetic progenitors, indicating longstanding adaptation to mammals. AD - St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA (N.A. Ilyushina, J.-K. Kim, N.J. Negovetich, V. Lang, H.L. Forrest, R.G. Webster, R.J. Webby); D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia (N.A. Ilyushina); Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-K. Kim); Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea (Y.-K. Choi, M-S Song, P.N.Q. Pascua); Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow (N.V. Bovin); Chungnam National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Daejeon (C.-J. Kim); and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (R.G. Webster, R.J. Webby). AU - Ilyushina NA AU - Kim JK AU - Negovetich NJ AU - Choi YK AU - Lang V AU - Bovin NV AU - Forrest HL AU - Song MS AU - Q Pascua PN AU - Kim CJ AU - Webster RG AU - Webby RJ LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE TA - Emerg Infect Dis JT - Emerging infectious diseases JID - 9508155 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;16(2):314-317. PMID- 20113566 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher DA - 20100201 IS - 1080-6059 (Electronic) IS - 1080-6059 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 2 DP - 2010 Feb TI - Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak on Pig Farm, Argentina. PG - 304-307 AB - In June-July 2009, an outbreak of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection occurred on a pig farm in Argentina. Molecular analysis indicated that the virus was genetically related to the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus strain. The outbreak presumably resulted from direct human-to-pig transmission. AD - Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina (A. Pereda, M.I. Craig, A. Rimondi); Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires (J. Cappuccio, M.A. Quiroga, L. Insarralde, M. Ibar, M. Machuca, C.J. Perfumo); Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas-Administracion Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud, Buenos Aires (E. Baumeister); Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Animal, Martinez, Buenos Aires (R. Sanguinetti, M.L. Cannilla, D. Franzese, O.E. Escobar Cabrera, R.T. Debenedetti, C. Zenobi, L. Barral, R. Balzano); and private veterinary practice, Buenos Aires (S. Capalbo, A. Risso). AU - Pereda A AU - Cappuccio J AU - Quiroga MA AU - Baumeister E AU - Insarralde L AU - Ibar M AU - Sanguinetti R AU - Cannilla ML AU - Franzese D AU - Escobar Cabrera OE AU - Craig MI AU - Rimondi A AU - Machuca M AU - Debenedetti RT AU - Zenobi C AU - Barral L AU - Balzano R AU - Capalbo S AU - Risso A AU - Perfumo CJ LA - ENG PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE TA - Emerg Infect Dis JT - Emerging infectious diseases JID - 9508155 EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Feb;16(2):304-307. PMID- 20112815 OWN - NLM STAT- In-Process DA - 20100201 IS - 0019-5499 (Print) IS - 0019-5499 (Linking) VI - 53 IP - 2 DP - 2009 Apr-Jun TI - Influenza a (H1N1) outbreak and challenges for pharmacotherapy. PG - 113-26 AB - Influenza A (H1N1) virus, a genetic reassortment of endemic strain of human, avian flu and swine flu, with an inherent ability to mutate continuously has developed a subtype which is causing present flu in humans. As on 10th May, 2009, twenty nine countries are affected with officially reported 4379 cases with Mexico--1626 affected (45 deaths), US 2254 affected (02 deaths); Canada 280 (01 deaths) and Costa Ricia -8 cases (01 death) respectively. Rest of 15 countries have reported less than 100 officially confirmed cases of H1N1 infection. WHO has already declared Pandemic Alert V on 29th April, 2009. If the present flu achieves equivalent virulence to that of 1918-19 pandemic flu, expected deaths will be 62 million people. Travel advisory, stockpiling of antiviral drugs--Tamiflu Relenza; vaccine development, activation of business continuity planning for maintenance of essential serives etc., are some of the important mitigation approaches, being followed all over the world. WHO has a regional reserve of 10,000 million doses of anti-viral drugs. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Government of India, an apex body for disaster management, in active coordination with Ministry of Health other stakeholders/service providers is maintaining a constant state of vigil on the present Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. In collaboration with UNDMT, NDMA has outlined a strategy for Pandemic Preparedness beyond Health in April, 2008. Various non-pharmaceutical interventions like detection, isolation and quarantine are required to contain the situation. Accordingly, stockpiling of 10 million doses of anti viral drugs, surveillance at airports, isolation with strict enforcement of quarantine procedures, sustained supply of respiratory masks other personal protective equipment; deployment of rapid response teams are some of the activities being undertaken by Indian Government proactively. As situation goes to Phase VI, there will be a shift in strategy from active surveillance, detection and quarantine to containment, treatment, prevention of spread of disease and maintenance of business continuity beyond health sectors. The major concern is to utilise this latency period, between phase V and VI, to fill the gaps in state of preparedness. It is also essential to focus on development/procurement of appropriate vaccine to manage the situation arising from any further mutation of the existing causative virus to be resistant against existing anti viral therapies. It is a continued effort which can save many lives around the world and everyone has to play its assigned role effectively. AD - Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Marg, Delhi - 110 054. FAU - Chawla, Raman AU - Chawla R FAU - Sharma, Rakesh Kumar AU - Sharma RK FAU - Bhardwaj, Janak Raj AU - Bhardwaj JR LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - India TA - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol JT - Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology JID - 0374707 SB - IM EDAT- 2010/02/02 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/02/02 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2009 Apr-Jun;53(2):113-26. PMID- 20101832 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20100127 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 0023-7205 (Print) IS - 0023-7205 (Linking) VI - 106 IP - 48 DP - 2009 Nov 25-Dec 1 TI - PG - 3230 AD - Universitetssjukhuset i Linkoping. ulla.nystrom.kronander@lio.se FAU - Kronander, Ulla Nystrom AU - Kronander UN FAU - Nilsson, Lennart AU - Nilsson L LA - swe PT - Journal Article TT - Aggallergi och vaccin mot nya influensan. Handlingsplan finns i Ostergotland. PL - Sweden TA - Lakartidningen JT - Lakartidningen JID - 0027707 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Child MH - Egg Hypersensitivity/*complications/diagnosis/etiology MH - Humans MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype MH - Influenza Vaccines/administration dosage/*adverse effects MH - Influenza, Human/prevention control MH - Mass Vaccination/methods MH - Risk Factors MH - Sweden EDAT- 2010/01/28 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/01/28 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Lakartidningen. 2009 Nov 25-Dec 1;106(48):3230. PMID- 20051160 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20100106 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1876-8784 (Electronic) IS - 1876-8784 (Linking) VI - 153 DP - 2009 TI - PG - B486 AB - It has been suggested that it is unwise to employ neuraminidase inhibitors in order to diminish the risk of influenza-related complications in cases of infection with the new influenza A(H1N1). However, the major argument, i.e. that the beneficial effects shown in the published evidence may be due to age differences between treatment and placebo groups, can easily be refuted. The Netherlands' policy to limit treatment to those patient groups who are considered at high risk of influenza complications is a sound one. In addition, it is endorsed by recent guidelines of the WHO and CDC. AD - Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Infectieziekten, Leiden, The Netherlands. j.t.van_dissel@lumc.nl FAU - van Dissel, Jaap T AU - van Dissel JT FAU - Coutinho, Roel A AU - Coutinho RA FAU - van der Sande, Marianne A B AU - van der Sande MA LA - dut PT - English Abstract PT - Journal Article TT - Neuraminidaseremmers bij verhoogd risico op griepcomplicaties: afgewogen en breed gedragen advies. PL - Netherlands TA - Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd JT - Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde JID - 0400770 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (Enzyme Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Oseltamivir) RN - EC 3.2.1.18 (Neuraminidase) SB - IM MH - Age Factors MH - Antiviral Agents/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) MH - Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects/therapeutic use MH - Humans MH - *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype MH - Influenza, Human/complications/*drug therapy MH - Neuraminidase/*antagonists inhibitors MH - Oseltamivir/adverse effects/*therapeutic use MH - *Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Risk Factors MH - United States MH - World Health Organization EDAT- 2010/01/07 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2010/01/07 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2009;153:B486. PMID- 20037970 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091229 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1438-3276 (Print) IS - 1438-3276 (Linking) VI - 151 IP - 47 DP - 2009 Nov 19 TI - PG - 10 FAU - Walbert, Helmut AU - Walbert H LA - ger PT - News TT - Jetzt ist sie da, die Neue Grippe. Ist lhre Praxis gerustet? PL - Germany TA - MMW Fortschr Med JT - MMW Fortschritte der Medizin JID - 100893959 RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) SB - IM MH - Appointments and Schedules MH - Disease Outbreaks/*prevention control MH - Germany MH - Humans MH - *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology MH - Influenza Vaccines/administration dosage/immunology MH - Influenza, Human/immunology/*prevention control/transmission MH - Patient Isolation MH - *Physicians' Offices EDAT- 2009/12/30 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/12/30 06:00 PST - ppublish SO - MMW Fortschr Med. 2009 Nov 19;151(47):10. PMID- 19941799 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091127 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1560-7917 (Electronic) IS - 1560-7917 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 46 DP - 2009 TI - Differentiation of two distinct clusters among currently circulating influenza A(H1N1)v viruses, March-September 2009. LID - 19409 AB - Analysis of all complete genome sequences of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus available as of 10 September 2009 revealed that two closely related but distinct clusters were circulating in most of the affected countries at the same time. The characteristic differences are located in genes encoding the two surface proteins - haemagglutinin and neuraminidase - and four internal proteins - the polymerase PB2 subunit, nucleoprotein, matrix protein M1 and the non-structural protein NS1. Phylogenetic inference was demonstrated by neighbour joining, maximum likelihood and Bayesian trees analyses of the involved genes and by tree construction of concatenated sequences. AD - Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. sasan.fereidouni@fli.bund.de FAU - Fereidouni, S R AU - Fereidouni SR FAU - Beer, M AU - Beer M FAU - Vahlenkamp, T AU - Vahlenkamp T FAU - Starick, E AU - Starick E LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article DEP - 20091119 PL - Sweden TA - Euro Surveill JT - Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin JID - 100887452 RN - 0 (Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus) RN - 0 (INS1 protein, influenza virus) RN - 0 (M1 protein, Influenza A virus) RN - 0 (NP protein, Influenza A virus) RN - 0 (PB2 protein, Influenzavirus A) RN - 0 (RNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (Viral Core Proteins) RN - 0 (Viral Matrix Proteins) RN - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins) RN - 0 (Viral Proteins) RN - 0 (hemagglutinin, human influenza A virus) RN - EC 2.7.7.48 (RNA Replicase) RN - EC 3.2.1.18 (Neuraminidase) SB - IM MH - Bayes Theorem MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - Genome, Viral MH - Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics MH - Humans MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*classification/genetics/isolation purification MH - Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*virology MH - Likelihood Functions MH - Mexico/epidemiology MH - Neuraminidase/genetics MH - Phylogeny MH - RNA Replicase/genetics MH - RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics MH - Seasons MH - Sequence Homology MH - United States/epidemiology MH - Viral Core Proteins/genetics MH - Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics MH - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics MH - Viral Proteins/genetics EDAT- 2009/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/11/28 06:00 PST - epublish SO - Euro Surveill. 2009 Nov 19;14(46). pii: 19409. PMID- 19941797 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091127 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1560-7917 (Electronic) IS - 1560-7917 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 46 DP - 2009 TI - Oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1) viruses detected in Europe during season 2007-8 had epidemiologic and clinical characteristics similar to co-circulating susceptible A(H1N1) viruses. LID - 19412 AB - During the 2007-08 influenza season, high levels of oseltamivir resistance were detected among influenza A(H1N1) viruses ina number of European countries. We used surveillance data to describe influenza A(H1N1) cases for whom antiviral resistance testing was performed. We pooled data from national studies to identify possible risk factors for infection with a resistant virus and to ascertain whether such infections led to influenza illness of different severity. Information on demographic and clinical variables was obtained from patients or their physicians. Odds ratios for infection with an oseltamivir resistant virus and relative risks for developing certain clinical outcomes were computed and adjusted through multivariable analysis. Overall, 727 (24.3%) of 2,992 tested influenza A(H1N1) viruses from 22 of 30 European countries were oseltamivir-resistant. Levels of resistance ranged from 1% in Italy to 67% in Norway. Five countries provided detailed case-based data on 373 oseltamivir resistant and 796 susceptible cases. By multivariable analysis, none of the analysed factors was significantly associated with an increased risk of infection with anoseltamivir-resistant virus. Similarly, infection with an oseltamivir-resistant virus was not significantly associated with a different risk of pneumonia, hospitalisation or any clinical complication. The large-scale emergence of oseltamivir-resistant viruses in Europe calls for a review of guidelines for influenza treatment. AD - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden. bruno.ciancio@ecdc.europa.eu FAU - Ciancio, B C AU - Ciancio BC FAU - Meerhoff, T J AU - Meerhoff TJ FAU - Kramarz, P AU - Kramarz P FAU - Bonmarin, I AU - Bonmarin I FAU - Borgen, K AU - Borgen K FAU - Boucher, C A AU - Boucher CA FAU - Buchholz, U AU - Buchholz U FAU - Buda, S AU - Buda S FAU - Dijkstra, F AU - Dijkstra F FAU - Dudman, S AU - Dudman S FAU - Duwe, S AU - Duwe S FAU - Hauge, S H AU - Hauge SH FAU - Hungnes, O AU - Hungnes O FAU - Meijer, A AU - Meijer A FAU - Mossong, J AU - Mossong J FAU - Paget, W J AU - Paget WJ FAU - Phin, N AU - Phin N FAU - van der Sande, M AU - van der Sande M FAU - Schweiger, B AU - Schweiger B FAU - Nicoll, A AU - Nicoll A LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20091119 PL - Sweden TA - Euro Surveill JT - Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin JID - 100887452 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (Oseltamivir) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Child MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - *Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification/*drug effects/genetics MH - Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*virology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Odds Ratio MH - Oseltamivir/*pharmacology MH - Practice Guidelines as Topic MH - Questionnaires MH - Retrospective Studies MH - Risk MH - Risk Factors MH - Seasons MH - Treatment Outcome MH - Young Adult EDAT- 2009/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/11/28 06:00 PST - epublish SO - Euro Surveill. 2009 Nov 19;14(46). pii: 19412. PMID- 19941790 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091127 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1560-7917 (Electronic) IS - 1560-7917 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 45 DP - 2009 TI - A simple mathematical approach to deciding the dosage of vaccine against pandemic H1N1 influenza. LID - 19396 AB - Results from early clinical trials have shown that a single dose of pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine may generate sufficient antibody response, but the relevance of this fact to public health decision making has yet to be clarified. The present study compares the risk of clinical attack (i.e. clinical attack rate) between one- and two-dose vaccination schemes. If the efficacies do not greatly vary between one- and two-dose schemes, one-dose vaccination may well be supported. Nevertheless, two-dose vaccination is shown to result in less morbidity if the vaccine efficacies are greatly diminished by reducing the dose. As long as the detailed efficacy estimates rest on theoretical assumptions, single-dose vaccination may only be sufficiently justified in a specific setting where the number of vaccines is extremely limited. AD - Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan. h.nishiura@uu.nl FAU - Nishiura, H AU - Nishiura H FAU - Iwata, K AU - Iwata K LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20091112 PL - Sweden TA - Euro Surveill JT - Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin JID - 100887452 RN - 0 (Antibodies, Viral) RN - 0 (Influenza Vaccines) SB - IM MH - *Algorithms MH - Antibodies, Viral MH - Disease Outbreaks/*prevention control MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic MH - Humans MH - Immunity, Herd MH - Immunization, Secondary MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*immunology MH - Influenza Vaccines/*administration dosage MH - Influenza, Human/epidemiology/*prevention control/transmission/virology MH - *Mass Vaccination MH - *Models, Theoretical MH - Risk MH - Vaccination/*methods EDAT- 2009/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/11/28 06:00 PST - epublish SO - Euro Surveill. 2009 Nov 12;14(45). pii: 19396. PMID- 19941788 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091127 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1560-7917 (Electronic) IS - 1560-7917 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 45 DP - 2009 TI - Assessing the impact of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic on reporting of other threats through the Early Warning and Response System. LID - 19397 AB - Since the start of 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, a notable surge in messages communicated through the Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) for the prevention and control of communicable diseases in the European Union has been recorded. In order to measure the impact of this increase on the reporting of other events, we compared the messages posted in the EWRS since April 2009 with those posted in the previous years (2004-2008). The analysis revealed that a ten-fold increase in messages was recorded during the pandemic period, from April to September 2009, and that the reporting of other threats dropped to a significantly low rate. These results suggest an important impact on the notification process of events in case of a situation requiring extensive mobilisation of public health resources. It emphasises the importance keeping an appropriate balancing of resources during sustained emergencies, in particular in view of a possible second wave of pandemic influenza cases, to ensure prompt detection and reporting of potential concomitant emerging threats. AD - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden. FAU - Cox, A AU - Cox A FAU - Guglielmetti, P AU - Guglielmetti P FAU - Coulombier, D AU - Coulombier D LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20091112 PL - Sweden TA - Euro Surveill JT - Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin JID - 100887452 SB - IM MH - Communicable Disease Control/*organization administration MH - Disaster Planning/organization administration MH - Disease Notification/methods/*statistics numerical data MH - Disease Outbreaks/*prevention control MH - Emergencies MH - Europe/epidemiology MH - European Union/organization administration MH - Health Resources/utilization MH - Humans MH - *Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype MH - Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/prevention control MH - Poisson Distribution MH - *Population Surveillance MH - Public Health MH - Time Factors EDAT- 2009/11/28 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/11/28 06:00 PST - epublish SO - Euro Surveill. 2009 Nov 12;14(45). pii: 19397. PMID- 19742302 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20090910 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 4 IP - 9 DP - 2009 TI - Use of cumulative incidence of novel influenza A/H1N1 in foreign travelers to estimate lower bounds on cumulative incidence in Mexico. PG - e6895 AB - BACKGROUND: An accurate estimate of the total number of cases and severity of illness of an emerging infectious disease is required both to define the burden of the epidemic and to determine the severity of disease. When a novel pathogen first appears, affected individuals with severe symptoms are more likely to be diagnosed. Accordingly, the total number of cases will be underestimated and disease severity overestimated. This problem is manifest in the current epidemic of novel influenza A/H1N1. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used a simple approach to leverage measures of incident influenza A/H1N1 among a relatively small and well observed group of US, UK, Spanish and Canadian travelers who had visited Mexico to estimate the incidence among a much larger and less well surveyed population of Mexican residents. We estimate that a minimum of 113,000 to 375,000 cases of novel influenza A/H1N1 have occurred in Mexicans during the month of April, 2009. Such an estimate serves as a lower bound because it does not account for underreporting of cases in travelers or for nonrandom mixing between Mexican residents and visitors, which together could increase the estimates by more than an order of magnitude. CONCLUSIONS: We find that the number of cases in Mexican residents may exceed the number of confirmed cases by two to three orders of magnitude. While the extent of disease spread is greater than previously appreciated, our estimate suggests that severe disease is uncommon since the total number of cases is likely to be much larger than those of confirmed cases. AD - Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. FAU - Lipsitch, Marc AU - Lipsitch M FAU - Lajous, Martin AU - Lajous M FAU - O'Hagan, Justin J AU - O'Hagan JJ FAU - Cohen, Ted AU - Cohen T FAU - Miller, Joel C AU - Miller JC FAU - Goldstein, Edward AU - Goldstein E FAU - Danon, Leon AU - Danon L FAU - Wallinga, Jacco AU - Wallinga J FAU - Riley, Steven AU - Riley S FAU - Dowell, Scott F AU - Dowell SF FAU - Reed, Carrie AU - Reed C FAU - McCarron, Meg AU - McCarron M LA - eng GR - 5U01GM076497/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 TW008246-01/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20090909 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Canada MH - Disease Outbreaks MH - Great Britain MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*genetics MH - Influenza, Human/*epidemiology/*virology MH - Length of Stay MH - Mexico MH - Population Surveillance MH - Spain MH - Travel MH - United States MH - World Health PMC - PMC2731883 OID - NLM: PMC2731883 EDAT- 2009/09/11 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/09/11 06:00 PHST- 2009/05/21 PHST- 2009/07/27 PHST- 2009/09/09 AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0006895 PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2009 Sep 9;4(9):e6895. PMID- 19736041 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091009 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1873-5967 (Electronic) IS - 1873-5967 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2009 Nov TI - Detection of an oseltamivir-resistant pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus in Hong Kong. PG - 298-9 FAU - Leung, Tommy W C AU - Leung TW FAU - Tai, Amy L S AU - Tai AL FAU - Cheng, Peter K C AU - Cheng PK FAU - Kong, Margaret S Y AU - Kong MS FAU - Lim, Wilina AU - Lim W LA - eng PT - Letter DEP - 20090906 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Virol JT - Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology JID - 9815671 RN - 0 (Oseltamivir) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Animals MH - Cell Line MH - *Disease Outbreaks MH - Dogs MH - Drug Resistance, Viral MH - Female MH - Genes, Viral MH - Hong Kong/epidemiology MH - Humans MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*drug effects/genetics/*isolation purification MH - Influenza, Human/drug therapy/epidemiology/*virology MH - Oseltamivir/*pharmacology MH - Phylogeny MH - Population Surveillance MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction MH - Virus Cultivation EDAT- 2009/09/09 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/09/09 06:00 PHST- 2009/07/22 PHST- 2009/08/11 PHST- 2009/09/06 AID - S1386-6532(09)00381-3 AID - 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.08.004 PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Virol. 2009 Nov;46(3):298-9. Epub 2009 Sep 6. PMID- 19716765 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091009 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1873-5967 (Electronic) IS - 1873-5967 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2009 Nov TI - Severe pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza with false negative direct fluorescent antibody assay: case series. PG - 279-81 AB - Between May and June of 2009 we observed 4 patients that presented with severe influenza-like symptoms and respiratory failure. All cases tested negative for influenza A and B by direct fluorescent antibody assay. Further investigation revealed all cases to be positive for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus by real-time RT-PCR. This article includes a description of these cases and the characteristics associated with them. AD - Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, United States. luciano.kapelusznik@mssm.edu FAU - Kapelusznik, Luciano AU - Kapelusznik L FAU - Patel, Rupa AU - Patel R FAU - Jao, Jennifer AU - Jao J FAU - Patel, Gopi AU - Patel G FAU - Daefler, Simon AU - Daefler S FAU - Labombardi, Vincent AU - Labombardi V FAU - Calfee, David AU - Calfee D LA - eng PT - Case Reports PT - Journal Article DEP - 20090829 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Virol JT - Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology JID - 9815671 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - False Negative Reactions MH - Female MH - Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct/*methods MH - Humans MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics/immunology/*isolation purification MH - Influenza, Human/*diagnosis/immunology/pathology/virology MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods EDAT- 2009/09/01 06:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/09/01 09:00 PHST- 2009/07/24 PHST- 2009/07/28 PHST- 2009/08/29 AID - S1386-6532(09)00376-X AID - 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.07.023 PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Virol. 2009 Nov;46(3):279-81. Epub 2009 Aug 29. PMID- 19699143 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DA - 20091009 DCOM- 20100201 IS - 1873-5967 (Electronic) IS - 1873-5967 (Linking) VI - 46 IP - 3 DP - 2009 Nov TI - Person-to-person transmission of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A/H1N1 viruses in two households; Germany 2007/08. PG - 295-7 FAU - Duwe, Susanne AU - Duwe S FAU - Heider, Alla AU - Heider A FAU - Braun, Christian AU - Braun C FAU - Schweiger, Brunhilde AU - Schweiger B FAU - Buchholz, Udo AU - Buchholz U LA - eng PT - Letter PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20090820 PL - Netherlands TA - J Clin Virol JT - Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology JID - 9815671 RN - 0 (Antiviral Agents) RN - 0 (Oseltamivir) RN - 0 (RNA, Viral) RN - EC 3.2.1.18 (Neuraminidase) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology MH - Child MH - Drug Resistance, Viral MH - Family MH - Female MH - Germany MH - Humans MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/*pathogenicity MH - Influenza, Human/drug therapy/*transmission/*virology MH - Male MH - Nasal Cavity/virology MH - Neuraminidase/genetics MH - Oseltamivir/*pharmacology MH - RNA, Viral/analysis MH - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction EDAT- 2009/08/25 09:00 MHDA- 2010/02/02 06:00 CRDT- 2009/08/25 09:00 PHST- 2009/06/15 PHST- 2009/07/24 PHST- 2009/07/28 PHST- 2009/08/20 AID - S1386-6532(09)00375-8 AID - 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.07.022 PST - ppublish SO - J Clin Virol. 2009 Nov;46(3):295-7. Epub 2009 Aug 20.
Volume 362 Number 4 January 28, 2010 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Special Article Review Article Images in Clinical Medicine Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorial Clinical Implications of Basic Research Correspondence Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG NEJM beta site Perspective The Earthquake in Haiti Dispatch from Port-au-Prince J.W. Pape and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Slide Show Press Ahead or Scale Back? The Reform Effort after the GOP Victory in Massachusetts J.K. Iglehart ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Avoiding Side Effects in Implementing Health Insurance Reform M.V. Pauly ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Tobacco Control and Free Speech An American Dilemma R. Bayer and M. Kelly Free Full Text Medicines Ethical Responsibility for Health Care Reform The Top Five List H. Brody Free Full Text American Values and Health Care Reform T.H. Murray Free Full Text Original Articles top Effect of Human Rotavirus Vaccine on Severe Diarrhea in African Infants S.A. Madhi and Others Free Full Text CME Exam Effect of Rotavirus Vaccination on Death from Childhood Diarrhea in Mexico V. Richardson and Others Free Full Text Outcomes after Internal versus External Tocodynamometry for Monitoring Labor J.J.H. Bakker and Others CME Exam Brief Report: Vaccine-Acquired Rotavirus in Infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency N.C. Patel and Others Special Article top Increased Ambulatory Care Copayments and Hospitalizations among the Elderly A.N. Trivedi and Others Free Full Text Review Article top Mechanisms of Disease: Alzheimer's Disease H.W. Querfurth and F.M. LaFerla CME Exam Images in Clinical Medicine top Gallstone Ileus T.-M. Liu and H.-H. Chiu Cutaneous Larva Migrans C.C. Ang Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 3-2010: A 5-Month-Old Boy with Developmental Delay and Irritability K.S. Krishnamoorthy and Others Editorial top Rotavirus Vaccine A Powerful Tool to Combat Deaths from Diarrhea M. Santosham Free Full Text Clinical Implications of Basic Research top 2A -Adrenergic Receptors and Type 2 Diabetes F.M. Gribble Correspondence top The Clinical Course of Advanced Dementia Treatment for Mild Gestational Diabetes Dectin-1 Deficiency and Mucocutaneous Fungal Infections Taxing Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Free Full Text Somatic Mutations of IDH1 and IDH2 in the Leukemic Transformation of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Responses to 2009 H1N1 Vaccine in Children 3 to 17 Years of Age Free Full Text Benefit Assessment in Germany ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
Don't miss out on this month's Clinical Evidence alert... view here Subscribe Conditions User guides Free trial Welcome to the Clinical Evidence email alert - January 2010 Dear Xu Peiyang , The Clinical Evidence alert is your monthly email service that brings you up-to-date with all the latest research evidence across a variety of medical conditions. This month, you can get access to all the new and updated systematic reviews and evidence-based articles that have been published on the Clinical Evidence website throughout January. Plus, get aninsight into the new iPhone app that has just been launched as well as news about what's happening in other areas of the BMJ Group. Kind regards, Dr Rubin Minhas Editor, Clinical Evidence BMJ Evidence Centre Updated systematic reviews Preterm birth New evidence found Autism New evidence found and option added Irritable bowel syndrome New evidence found Candidiasis (vulvovaginal) New evidence found Hypothyroidism (primary) New evidence found Premenstrual syndrome New evidence found Measles, mumps, and rubella: prevention New evidence found To see the full list of updates on all the above conditions visit the Clinical Evidence website AVAILABLE NOW: Differential Diagnosis iPhone app from the BMJ Group Thousands of users have already purchased the Differential Diagnosis iPhone app, making it number 1 in the paid medical apps chart! Differential Diagnosis from the BMJ Group provides healthcare professionals, like you, with quick, trustworthy mobile decision-support information from Clinical Evidence and Best Practice , helping you to make more confident final diagnosis decisions. The application guides you through history, exam, first tests to order, and other tests to consider for over 10,000 differential diagnoses. Your results can be sorted by occurrence or by category and red flag conditions are highlighted to ensure you don't miss any potentially life-threatening diagnoses. In addition, you can programme your own specialty to filter out unnecessary content, bookmark any page, and add notes to remind yourself of local guidelines, or your own previous experience. For more information visit the medical section of the iTunes app store or find out more at http://bestpractice.bmj.com/differentials Other news from the BMJ Group: BMJ Group Awards - 10 March, 2010, London Hilton on Park Lane Judging for the awards is now taking place. More than 700 nominations had to be whittled down to produce shortlists of a reasonable size. For the Lifetime Achievement Award the 117 nominations were reduced to a shortlist of 10, choosing candidates on the basis of who has made a unique and substantial contribution to improving health care, whether in clinical practice, public health, health policy, medical education, or medical research. You can vote for the Lifetime Achievement Award winner on bmj.com until 15 February 2010 , and winners of all the other awards are being chosen by expert panels. All the winners will be announced at the BMJ Group Awards ceremony at the London Hilton on Park Lane on 10 March 2010 . Confirmed guests include Sir Liam Donaldson, Sir Muir Gray, and Jon Snow. Places are limited so we encourage you to visit the website and book early to secure a table. Forward this email on to your colleagues If you have been forwarded this email and would like to receive the Clinical Evidence monthly alert, please register here. If Clinical Evidence has made a significant difference to your clinical practice, or if you have any other feedback about this alert, then please feel free to email us with yourcomments .
New study reveals Russia's struggle to retain last-centuryprominence in scientific research Thank you for your interest in the Global Research Reports from Thomson Reuters and Evidence. Per your request, we are writing to inform you that a new reporthas just been released . This latest report, The New Geography of Science: Research and Collaboration in Russia , found that after reaching a peak in 1994 of just over 29,000 papers, output in Russia declined over the next decade to reach a low of 22,000 in 2006. To learn more about the changing landscape and dynamics of scientific research in Russia, download the new report here . To view all reports in this series please visit ourGlobal Research Reports website .
Volume 362 Number 3 January 21, 2010 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Clinical Practice Review Article Images in Clinical Medicine Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorials Correspondence Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG Interactive Medical Cases Perspective Medicare and Medical Technology The Growing Demand for Relevant Outcomes P.J. Neumann and S. Tunis ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Cottage Industry to Postindustrial Care The Revolution in Health Care Delivery S.J. Swensen and Others ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents Time for a Reevaluation E.F. Unger and Others Free Full Text Accelerating the Use of Electronic Health Records in Physician Practices S. Shea and G. Hripcsak Free Full Text Original Articles top Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies against Clostridium difficile Toxins I. Lowy and Others CME Exam Lethal Skeletal Dysplasia in Mice and Humans Lacking the Golgin GMAP-210 P. Smits and Others Percent Emphysema, Airflow Obstruction, and Impaired Left Ventricular Filling R.G. Barr and Others A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Fingolimod in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis L. Kappos and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Oral Fingolimod or Intramuscular Interferon for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis J.A. Cohen and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Cladribine for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis G. Giovannoni and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Acyclovir and Transmission of HIV-1 from Persons Infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2 C. Celum and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Projected Effect of Dietary Salt Reductions on Future Cardiovascular Disease K. Bibbins-Domingo and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Brief Report: Lack of Cyclophilin B in Osteogenesis Imperfecta with Normal Collagen Folding A.M. Barnes and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Clinical Practice top Systolic Heart Failure J.J.V. McMurray Full Text Audio CME Exam Review Article top Medical Progress: WilliamsBeuren Syndrome B.R. Pober Images in Clinical Medicine top Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Associated with -Thalassemia E. Smitaman and A.N. Rubinowitz Free Full Text Hydropneumothorax P.-H. Chen and X.-Z. Lin Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 2-2010: A 47-Year-Old Man with Abdominal and Flank Pain E.M. Isselbacher and Others CME Exam Editorials top Clostridium difficile Beyond Antibiotics L. Kyne Achondrogenesis Type 1A From Mouse to Human H.H. Freeze The Shrinking Heart in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease A. Vonk-Noordegraaf Oral Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis Sea Change or Incremental Step? W.M. Carroll ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Compelling Evidence for Public Health Action to Reduce Salt Intake L.J. Appel and C.A.M. Anderson ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Correspondence top Defibrillator Implantation Early after Myocardial Infarction Interleukin-2 Therapy in Patients with HIV Infection Doxycycline for Mansonella perstans Infection Case 33-2009: A Woman with Fever after Cesarean Section Contaminated Dietary Supplements Free Full Text Balancing No Blame with Accountability in Patient Safety Lovastatin in X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
Volume 362 Number 2 January 14, 2010 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Review Article Images in Clinical Medicine Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorials Clinical Implications of Basic Research Correspondence Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG Download NEJM articles to PowerPoint Slide Sets it's fast and easy Perspective Tobacco Control and Free Speech An American Dilemma R. Bayer and M. Kelly ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text The Constitutionality of the Individual Mandate for Health Insurance J.M. Balkin ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Play-or-Pay Insurance Reforms for Employers Confusion and Inequity B. Herring and M.V. Pauly Free Full Text Uncomfortable Arithmetic Whom to Cover versus What to Cover K. Baicker and A. Chandra Free Full Text Ranking 37th Measuring the Performance of the U.S. Health Care System C.J.L. Murray and J. Frenk Free Full Text Original Articles top Deployment and the Use of Mental Health Services among U.S. Army Wives A.J. Mansfield and Others Free Full Text Morphine Use after Combat Injury in Iraq and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder T.L. Holbrook and Others Free Full Text Comparison of Ustekinumab and Etanercept for Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis C.E.M. Griffiths and Others CME Exam Preoperative Biliary Drainage for Cancer of the Head of the Pancreas N.A. van der Gaag and Others Brief Report: Tracheal Allotransplantation after Withdrawal of Immunosuppressive Therapy P. Delaere and Others Review Article top Current Concepts: Nosocomial Bacterial Meningitis D. van de Beek and Others CME Exam Images in Clinical Medicine top Generalized Ostraceous Psoriasis S.A. Arias-Santiago and R. Naranjo-Sintes Free Full Text Postoperative Tracheal Stenosis A. Datta and A. Cale Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 1-2010: A 75-Year-Old Man with Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, and Edema G.T. McMahon and Others CME Exam Editorials top Prevention of Psychiatric Problems among Military Personnel and Their Spouses M.J. Friedman Free Full Text Preoperative Biliary Stents in Pancreatic Cancer Proceed with Caution T.H. Baron and R.A. Kozarek Immune Evasion by Chimeric Trachea M. Sykes Clinical Implications of Basic Research top A Seminal Finding for Prostate Cancer? J. Huang and O.N. Witte Correspondence top Cardiac-Resynchronization Therapy Comparative Efficacy of Influenza Vaccines Free Full Text Disclosure of the Genetic Risk of Alzheimers Disease Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy Lack of Population Diversity in Commonly Used Human Embryonic Stem-Cell Lines Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
Search | Image of the Week | Physician Jobs | Subscribe Volume 362 Number 1 January 7, 2010 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Clinical Practice Images in Clinical Medicine Clinical Problem-Solving Editorial Sounding Board Correspondence Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG NEJM Weekly Audio Summary Perspective Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents Time for a Reevaluation E.F. Unger and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Ranking 37th Measuring the Performance of the U.S. Health Care System C.J.L. Murray and J. Frenk ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Health Care Reform and the Need for Comparative-Effectiveness Research A.I. Mushlin and H. Ghomrawi ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Patient-Centered Medical Homes in Ontario W.W. Rosser and Others ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Nearing Negotiations Reconciling Key Differences between House and Senate Reform Measures J.K. Iglehart ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Googling Ourselves What Physicians Can Learn from Online Rating Sites S. Jain Free Full Text Ensuring the Fiscal Sustainability of Health Care Reform M.E. Chernew and Others Free Full Text Payment Reform The Need to Harmonize Approaches in Medicare and the Private Sector P.V. Lee and Others Free Full Text Original Articles top Preventing Surgical-Site Infections in Nasal Carriers of Staphylococcus aureus L.G.M. Bode and Others ChlorhexidineAlcohol versus PovidoneIodine for Surgical-Site Antisepsis R.O. Darouiche and Others CME Exam Severe 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Pregnant and Postpartum Women in California J.K. Louie and Others Free Full Text CME Exam Variants of DENND1B Associated with Asthma in Children P.M.A. Sleiman and Others Pediatric Hospitalizations Associated with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Argentina R. Libster and Others Free Full Text Clinical Practice top Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease H. Abboud and W.L. Henrich Full Text Audio CME Exam Images in Clinical Medicine top Giant Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm J.L. Ebaugh and J.D. Raffetto Necrolytic Migratory Erythema L. McGevna and Z. Tavakkol Free Full Text Clinical Problem-Solving top Painful Purple Toes J.A. Johnson and Others A related Interactive Medical Case is available at NEJM.org Editorial top Minimizing Surgical-Site Infections R.P. Wenzel Sounding Board top Comparative Effectiveness and Health Care Spending Implications for Reform M.C. Weinstein and J.A. Skinner ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Correspondence top Variation in Hospital Mortality Associated with Surgery Renal Failure in Cirrhosis Parenteral Nutrition in the Critically Ill Patient Screening for Colorectal Cancer The Case for Integrated Delivery Systems Free Full Text A Community Cluster of Oseltamivir-Resistant Cases of 2009 H1N1 Influenza Free Full Text Intravenous Zanamivir for Oseltamivir-Resistant 2009 H1N1 Influenza Free Full Text Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
Volume 361 Number 27 December 31, 2009 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Weeks Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Special Article Clinical Therapeutics Images in Clinical Medicine Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorials Clinical Implications of Basic Research Correspondence Correction Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG Listen to Clinical Practice articles Perspective Launching HITECH D. Blumenthal ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Play-or-Pay Insurance Reforms for Employers Confusion and Inequity B. Herring and M.V. Pauly ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Implementation and Enforcement of Health Care Reform Federal versus State Government T.S. Jost ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Carrots, Sticks, and Health Care Reform Problems with Wellness Incentives H. Schmidt and Others ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Senates Reform Package Wrapped Up in Time for Christmas J.K. Iglehart ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Abortion Politics and Health Insurance Reform G.J. Annas Free Full Text Australias Winter with the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus J.F. Bishop and Others Free Full Text The Emotional Epidemiology of H1N1 Influenza Vaccination D. Ofri Free Full Text Industry Influence on Comparative-Effectiveness Research Funded through Health Care Reform H.P. Selker and A.J.J. Wood Free Full Text Original Articles top MMP12, Lung Function, and COPD in High-Risk Populations G.M. Hunninghake and Others Genomewide Association Study of Leprosy F.-R. Zhang and Others Household Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in the United States S. Cauchemez and Others Free Full Text CME Exam Outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) at a New York City School J. Lessler and Others Free Full Text Special Article top Public Reporting of Discharge Planning and Rates of Readmissions A.K. Jha and Others Free Full Text Clinical Therapeutics top Activated Protein C for Sepsis S. Toussaint and H. Gerlach CME Exam Images in Clinical Medicine top Vanishing Mediastinal Mass M. de Perrot and Y. Shargall Radiation Pneumonitis after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer E. Blke and C. Matuschek Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 41-2009: A 16-Year-Old Boy with Hypothermia and Frostbite R.L. Sheridan and Others CME Exam Editorials top Matrix Metalloproteinase 12, Asthma, and COPD G.G. Brusselle A Common Genetic Fingerprint in Leprosy and Crohns Disease? E. Schurr and P. Gros Clinical Implications of Basic Research top Aging Lost in Translation? P. Kapahi and J. Vijg Correspondence top Dabigatran versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Sex HormoneBinding Globulin and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Correction: Maternal and Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections Free Full Text Human GM-CSF Autoantibodies and Reproduction of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Responses to 2009 H1N1 Vaccine in Children 3 to 17 Years of Age ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Correction top Weight Loss with a Low-Carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or Low-Fat Diet Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
From wikipedia : A New Year's resolution is a commitment that an individual makes to a project or the reforming of a habit , often a lifestyle change that is generally interpreted as advantageous. The name comes from the fact that these commitments normally go into effect on New Year's Day and remain until fulfilled or abandoned. More socio-centric examples include resolutions to donate to the poor more often, to become more assertive , or to become more economically or environmentally responsible . Most popular goals in the United States include: Lose weight --Zuojun's comment: Very hard for people over 40. Get out of debt --Zuojun: I have NO intension to pay off my mortgage; I only intend to beat the rent! Become more organized --Zuojun: Yes, I could improve on this. Maintain a diary --Zuojun: Will a Blog do? Maybe not. Save money --Zuojun: What for? So, it can lose half of its value during the next black Friday? Improve grades --Zuojun: I will tell my son that. Get a better job --Zuojun: I already have the best job, English editing. Get fit --Zuojun: Sure. Eat right --Zuojun: Trying. Get a better education --Zuojun: Too late for me. Drink less alcohol --Zuojun: Never a problem for me. Quit smoking --Zuojun: I cant because I do not even smoke. Reduce stress --Zuojun: YES! Take a trip --Zuojun: How about three trips in 2 months? Volunteer to help others --Zuojun: Definitely. Be less grumpy --Zuojun: I am not that old yet. Be more independent --Zuojun: Cant do that any better, or I have to live by myself. Learn something new (such as a foreign language or music) No time in 2010. Try to get up early in the morning NO, NO, NO! Time management Yes! Help the poor YES! Success rate according to wiki: Recent research shows that while 52% of participants in a resolution study were confident of success with their goals, only 12% actually achieved their goals .
Dear Ms./ Mr., Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!! We sincerely thank you for your contributions to the growth of our new journalJournal of Evidence-Based Medicine in the past year. Looking back over the last year, l The first Annual Editorial Board Meeting was held in Chengdu in January. Fifty-five great masters from 8 countries were selected as the board members of the journal. l Fifty-four invited papers, more than 50% from abroad, were published in 4 issues as follows: n Clinical Trials Registration n 2020Health for All n Medical Education Reform n Medical Rescue of the Wenchuan Earthquake l The download quantity for the PDF and HTML full-text papers is about 5,000. l The journal is now been assessed by ISI for the index of SCIE. The result will be known around the next New Year. Look into the New Year, l The online ahead of print publication will begin to operate as the year of 2010 comes. l Our new website is http://www.journalEBM.org l The coming topics in the pipeline include: n ADR/AE of Chinese Materia Medica Injections n Health for All, 2020 n Strategic Collaboration between WHO and the Cochrane Collaboration n Medical Education Reform You are warmly welcome to continually submit your papers to ebmjournal@gmail.com . Your consistently high quality of contributions is still expected! Youping Li Editor in Chief Liang Du Managing editor
Volume 361 Number 25 December 17, 2009 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Review Article Images in Clinical Medicine Interactive Medical Case Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorials Sounding Board Clinical Implications of Basic Research Correspondence Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG Interactive Medical Cases NEW Painful Purple Toes Test your skill with the fourth in our new series of Interactive Medical Cases, Painful Purple Toes . Direct the investigation and select the treatment for a 57-year-old man who presents with painful purple toes. Learn interactively, get immediate feedback, and compare your performance with that of others. Try the new case now . Perspective Rallying the Caucus The Democrats Struggle for Unity on Reform J.K. Iglehart ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Uncomfortable Arithmetic Whom to Cover versus What to Cover K. Baicker and A. Chandra ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Ending End-of-Life Phobia A Prescription for Enlightened Health Care Reform B.W. Corn ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Health Care Reform A Republican View C. Grassley Free Full Text The Consequences of No A.L. Kellermann and L.S. Lewin Free Full Text Leveling the Field Ensuring Equity through National Health Care Reform B. Siegel and L. Nolan Free Full Text Original Articles top Response to a Monovalent 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine M.E. Greenberg and Others Free Full Text A Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine in Various Age Groups F.-C. Zhu and Others Free Full Text CME Exam Trial of 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Monovalent MF59-Adjuvanted Vaccine T.W. Clark and Others Free Full Text Ferric Carboxymaltose in Patients with Heart Failure and Iron Deficiency S.D. Anker and Others CME Exam MMP12, Lung Function, and COPD in High-Risk Populations G.M. Hunninghake and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Genomewide Association Study of Leprosy F.-R. Zhang and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Review Article top Molecular Origins of Cancer: Molecular Basis of Colorectal Cancer S.D. Markowitz and M.M. Bertagnolli Images in Clinical Medicine top Frostbite H. Rehman and A. Seguin Hernia through the Foramen Omentale A. Basu and M. Jacobs Free Full Text Interactive Medical Case top Painful Purple Toes J.J. Ross and Others Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 39-2009: A 28-Year-Old Pregnant Woman with Acute Cardiac Failure P.T. OGara and Others CME Exam Editorials top Anemia and Iron Deficiency New Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure? G.W. Dec Matrix Metalloproteinase 12, Asthma, and COPD G.G. Brusselle ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text A Common Genetic Fingerprint in Leprosy and Crohns Disease? E. Schurr and P. Gros ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Sounding Board top The Agenda for Continuing Medical Education Limiting Industrys Influence L. Morris and J.K. Taitsman Clinical Implications of Basic Research top Gene Therapy for Color Blindness J. Bennett Correspondence top Treatment of Lung Cancer Asymptomatic Reactivation of JC Virus in Patients Treated with Natalizumab Coronary Calcium Screening Proposals for Payment Reform in Massachusetts Free Full Text Rapid-Test Sensitivity for Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans Free Full Text Lack of Population Diversity in Human Embryonic Stem-Cell Lines ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
ADVERTISEMENT Interview with Dr. Christian Schumann regarding a poster presented this year at ECCO-ESMO. A retrospective analysis of TRUST data from German centres demonstrates that the long-term benefits associated with erlotinib treatment are independent of prognostic factors and therapeutic response. To see the full video interview, click here . Volume 361 Number 24 December 10, 2009 This Week in the Journal Listen to This Week's Audio Summary Submit Answer Perspective Original Articles Review Article Images in Clinical Medicine Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital Editorials Correspondence Other Points of View Corrections Continuing Medical Education Searchthe Journal NOW AT NEJM.ORG NEJM beta site Perspective Week 1 of the Senate Debate Amending the Reform Bill J.K. Iglehart ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Ensuring the Fiscal Sustainability of Health Care Reform M.E. Chernew and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Payment Reform The Need to Harmonize Approaches in Medicare and the Private Sector P.V. Lee and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text The Breadth of Hopes C. Feudtner Primary Care and Accountable Care Two Essential Elements of Delivery-System Reform D.R. Rittenhouse and Others Free Full Text The Supreme Court, Process Patents, and Medical Innovation A.S. Kesselheim Original Articles top Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease M.M. Hsieh and Others CME Exam Platelet Inhibition with Cangrelor in Patients Undergoing PCI R.A. Harrington and Others CME Exam Intravenous Platelet Blockade with Cangrelor during PCI D.L. Bhatt and Others Dabigatran versus Warfarin in the Treatment of Acute Venous Thromboembolism S. Schulman and Others Clinical Features of the Initial Cases of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in China B. Cao and Others ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Review Article top Mechanisms of Disease: Telomere Diseases R.T. Calado and N.S. Young Images in Clinical Medicine top Blurred Vision after Cardiac Catheterization C.H. Meyer and F.G. Holz Free Full Text Ileocecal Intussusception J.D. Whitfield and G. Mostafa Free Full Text Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital top Case 38-2009: A 16-Year-Old Boy with Paroxysmal Headaches and Visual Changes S.D. Brass and Others CME Exam Editorials top Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Adults with Sickle Cell Disease M.R. Abboud Cangrelor A Champion Lost in Translation? A. Kastrati and G. Ndrepepa The Need for Science in the Practice of Public Health N. Lurie ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Correspondence top Ticagrelor versus Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndromes Intestinal Transplantation The Prometheus Payment Model Free Full Text Long-Term Follow-up of Survival in Hodgkin's Lymphoma A Community Cluster of Oseltamivir-Resistant Cases of 2009 H1N1 Influenza ONLINE FIRST Free Full Text Other Points of View top Act II Curve Bending D.Y. Patterson ONLINE ONLY Free Full Text Corrections top Intensity of Renal Support in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Case 25-2008: A 43-Year-Old Man with Fatigue and Lesions in the Pituitary and Cerebellum Continuing Medical Education top Click here for CME information and links.
来自于princeton CS的一条科技新闻： Pai and colleagues' HashCache technology named one of Technology Review's Top 10 Emerging Technologies for 2009 February 24, 2009 Vivek Pai's new method for storing Web content could make Internet access more affordable around the world. 项目目标与宏观技术理论介绍 http://www.technologyreview.com/web/22119/ 有关HashCache技术理论的细节请见论文 'HashCache: Cache Storage for the Next Billion' Vivek Pai的主页 视频资料
来自: Do We Need a New Internet? writePost(); By JOHN MARKOFF Published: February 14, 2009 John Markoff covers Silicon Valley. He began writing about technology in 1976 and joined The Times in 1988. He gained some notoriety several years ago when he stated that he thought blogs might be the CB radio of the 21st century. He still believes that. Two decades ago a 23-year-old Cornell University graduate student brought the Internet to its knees with a simple software program that skipped from computer to computer at blinding speed, thoroughly clogging the then-tiny network in the space of a few hours. Related Worm Infects Millions of Computers Worldwide (January 23, 2009) The program was intended to be a digital Kilroy Was Here. Just a bit of cybernetic fungus that would unobtrusively wander the net. However, a programming error turned it into a harbinger heralding the arrival of a darker cyberspace, more of a mirror for all of the chaos and conflict of the physical world than a utopian refuge from it. Since then things have gotten much, much worse. Bad enough that there is a growing belief among engineers and security experts that Internet security and privacy have become so maddeningly elusive that the only way to fix the problem is to start over. What a new Internet might look like is still widely debated, but one alternative would, in effect, create a gated community where users would give up their anonymity and certain freedoms in return for safety. Today that is already the case for many corporate and government Internet users. As a new and more secure network becomes widely adopted, the current Internet might end up as the bad neighborhood of cyberspace. You would enter at your own risk and keep an eye over your shoulder while you were there. Unless were willing to rethink todays Internet, says Nick McKeown, a Stanford engineer involved in building a new Internet, were just waiting for a series of public catastrophes. That was driven home late last year, when a malicious software program thought to have been unleashed by a criminal gang in Eastern Europe suddenly appeared after easily sidestepping the worlds best cyberdefenses. Known as Conficker, it quickly infected more than 12 million computers, ravaging everything from the computer system at a surgical ward in England to the computer networks of the French military. Conficker remains a ticking time bomb. It now has the power to lash together those infected computers into a vast supercomputer called a botnet that can be controlled clandestinely by its creators. What comes next remains a puzzle. Conficker could be used as the worlds most powerful spam engine, perhaps to distribute software programs to trick computer users into purchasing fake antivirus protection. Or much worse. It might also be used to shut off entire sections of the Internet. But whatever happens, Conficker has demonstrated that the Internet remains highly vulnerable to a concerted attack. If youre looking for a digital Pearl Harbor, we now have the Japanese ships streaming toward us on the horizon, Rick Wesson, the chief executive of Support Intelligence, a computer consulting firm, said recently. The Internets original designers never foresaw that the academic and military research network they created would one day bear the burden of carrying all the worlds communications and commerce. There was no one central control point and its designers wanted to make it possible for every network to exchange data with every other network. Little attention was given to security. Since then, there have been immense efforts to bolt on security, to little effect. In many respects we are probably worse off than we were 20 years ago, said Eugene Spafford, the executive director of the Center for Education and Research in Information Assurance and Security at Purdue University and a pioneering Internet security researcher, because all of the money has been devoted to patching the current problem rather than investing in the redesign of our infrastructure . In fact, many computer security researchers view the nearly two decades of efforts to patch the existing network as a Maginot Line approach to defense, a reference to Frances series of fortifications that proved ineffective during World War II. The shortcoming in focusing on such sturdy digital walls is that once they are evaded, the attacker has access to all the protected data behind them. Hard on the outside, with a soft chewy center, is the way many veteran computer security researchers think of such strategies. Despite a thriving global computer security industry that is projected to reach $79 billion in revenues next year, and the fact that in 2002 Microsoft itself began an intense corporatewide effort to improve the security of its software, Internet security has continued to deteriorate globally. Even the most heavily garrisoned military networks have proved vulnerable. Last November, the United States military command in charge of both the Iraq and Afghanistan wars discovered that its computer networks had been purposely infected with software that may have permitted a devastating espionage attack That is why the scientists armed with federal research dollars and working in collaboration with the industry are trying to figure out the best way to start over. At Stanford, where the software protocols for original Internet were designed, researchers are creating a system to make it possible to slide a more advanced network quietly underneath todays Internet. By the end of the summer it will be running on eight campus networks around the country. The idea is to build a new Internet with improved security and the capabilities to support a new generation of not-yet-invented Internet applications, as well as to do some things the current Internet does poorly such as supporting mobile users. The Stanford Clean Slate project wont by itself solve all the main security issues of the Internet, but it will equip software and hardware designers with a toolkit to make security features a more integral part of the network and ultimately give law enforcement officials more effective ways of tracking criminals through cyberspace. That alone may provide a deterrent. This is not the first time a replacement has been proposed for the current Internet. For example, modern Windows and Macintosh computers already come equipped to support a new Internet protocol known as IPv6 that would fix many of the shortcomings of the current IPv4 version. However, because of cost, performance and compatibility questions it has languished. That has not discouraged the Stanford engineers who say they are on a mission to reinvent the Internet . They argue that their new strategy is intended to allow new ideas to emerge in an evolutionary fashion, making it possible to move data traffic seamlessly to a new networking world. Like the existing Internet, the new network will almost certainly have no one central point of control and no one organization will run it. It is most likely to emerge as new hardware and software are built in to the router computers that run todays network and are adopted as Internet standards. For all those efforts, though, the real limits to computer security may lie in human nature. The Internets current design virtually guarantees anonymity to its users. (As a New Yorker cartoon noted some years ago, On the Internet, nobody knows that youre a dog.) But that anonymity is now the most vexing challenge for law enforcement. An Internet attacker can route a connection through many countries to hide his location, which may be from an account in an Internet cafe purchased with a stolen credit card. As soon as you start dealing with the public Internet, the whole notion of trust becomes a quagmire, said Stefan Savage, an expert on computer security at the University of California, San Diego. A more secure network is one that would almost certainly offer less anonymity and privacy. That is likely to be the great tradeoff for the designers of the next Internet. One idea, for example, would be to require the equivalent of drivers licenses to permit someone to connect to a public computer network. But that runs against the deeply held libertarian ethos of the Internet. Proving identity is likely to remain remarkably difficult in a world where it is trivial to take over someones computer from half a world away and operate it as your own. As long as that remains true, building a completely trustable system will remain virtually impossible.
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