量子算法领域的研究目的是通过量子计算机找到办法来加速计算问题的求解。这一领域的一个重要里程碑是:当一个通用量子计算机执行 计算任务时 超出了任何经典计算机的能力,这一事件被称为量子霸权。这在实验上比全程量子计算更容易实现,但涉及到新的理论挑战。在这里,我们提出了实现量子霸权的重要建议,并讨论了如何可靠地将经典计算机的能力与量子计算机的能力进行比较。 (2017年9月27日) 原文: Quantum computational supremacy 来源: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v549/n7671/full/nature23458.html The field of quantum algorithms aims to find ways to speed up the solution of computational problems by using a quantum computer. A key milestone in this field will be when a universal quantum computer performs a computational task that is beyond the capability of any classical computer, an event known as quantum supremacy. This would be easier to achieve experimentally than full-scale quantum computing, but involves new theoretical challenges. Here we present the leading proposals to achieve quantum supremacy, and discuss how we can reliably compare the power of a classical computer to the power of a quantum computer.