重装了系统，之前一直用的babylon死活也用不了了，于是便查网络，发现instantFundas网站有一篇文章介绍了几款不错的免费离线词典软件，文章如下（用鼠标猛击文章标题可转至原文，猛击词典名称可转至词典相关网页）： 5 Free offline dictionaries for Windows Online dictionaries are abundant. But their biggest drawback is their dependence on an active internet connection. When the internet connection is down these dictionaries become useless. This is when offline dictionaries come helpful. So here I have compiled 5 popular and very handy free dictionaries for Windows. 1. Wordweb Free Dictionary Wordweb is probably the best freeware dictionary out there. WordWeb is available as a powerful Pro version and a cut down free version. The free version is used by millions of people from all over the world, many of whom may not be able to afford a commercial dictionary. It sits in the system tray and can be launched from within any program. Wordweb by default integrates into MS Word and gives you a one click access to it from within Word. Apart from definitions, Wordweb shows you synonyms, related words and the root of the words. Wordweb has more than 150 000 root words and 120 000 synonym sets. 2. TheSage's English Dictionary and Thesaurus TheSage's English Dictionary and Thesaurus is a professional software package that integrates a complete dictionary and multifaceted thesaurus of the English language into a single and powerful language reference system. TheSage can look up words directly from almost any program (IE, Word, Firefox, Outlook, Thunderbird, etc ) and is 100% portable. You can just copy it to your pen drive and take it along with you. TheSage allows you to look up words directly from most applications, offering multiple detailed definitions each coupled with its own thesaurus. It has over 145,000 references with multiple detailed definitions (over 200,000) and a complete thesaurus with nearly 1,200,000 relationships between definition. TheSage has a tabbed interface, which is a rage these days, and supports wildcard search which is extremely helpful. 3. Stardict Stardict is a free open source off-line dictionary program that allows you to use all those free dictionaries (at the moment more than 100 dictionaries are available).StarDict is just a dictionary shell, so when you download it you have no dictionary that comes along. You have to install dictionaries yourself. Stardict supports an interesting search concept called Fuzzy query. When you can't remember how to spell a word exactly, you can try StarDict's Fuzzy query. It uses "Levenshtein Edit Distance" to compute the similarity between two words, and gives the match results which are most similar to the word that you input. To create a fuzzy query, just input the word with a beginning "/", and then press Enter. 4. Everest Dictionary Everest Dictionary has a total of 35 dictionaries available to date. It's possible to search words across multiple dictionaries. Italso monitors the clipboard; in any program, a simple copy of the word to the clipboard using "Copy" command will launch the automatic search of the word in the dictionary. 5. tinySpell tinySpell is not exactly a dictionary, it's a spell checker. The reason I've included this on my list is because we often look upa dictionary not to learn it's meaning but to check it's spelling, don't we? Occasionally you need to check spelling in an application that does not include a spelling checker and you don't want to launch your word processor just for that. This is when tinySpell becomes handy. It is a small utility that allows you to easily and quickly check and correct the spelling in any Windows application. The most useful feature of tinyspell is it's on-the-fly spell check. tinySpell can watch your typing on the fly and alert you whenever it detects a misspelled word. It can also check the spelling of text that you copy to the clipboard. tinySpell installs itself in the system tray for easy access. It comes with an American-English dictionary containing more than 110,000 words. tinyspell is a must have addition to your (already cluttered) system tray.
下面的这些经典的引言来自英文，也许有些我翻译的是不很好，所以，我提供了中英对照，如果有问题，请大家指正。 过早的优化是万恶之源。Premature optimization is the root of all evil! - Donald Knuth 在水里行走和以一个需求规格进行软件开发，有一点是相同的，那就是如果水或需求都被冻住不了，那么行走和软件开发都会变得容易。Walking on water and developing software from a specification are easy if both are frozen - Edward V Berard Hofstadter 定理：“一件事情总是会花费比你预期更多的时间，就算是你已经考虑过本条 Hofstadter 定理”。It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter’s Law. - Hofstadter’s Law 有些遇到问题的人总是会说“我知道，我会使用正则表达式”，那么，你现在有两个问题了。（意思是：你本想用正则表达式来解决你已有问题，但实际上你又引入了“正则表达式”的一个新问题）Some people, when confronted with a problem, think “I know, I’ll use regular expressions.” Now they have two problems - Jamie Zawinski 调试程序的难度是写代码的两倍。因此，只要你的代码写的尽可能的清楚，那么你在调试代码时就不需要那么地有技巧。Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place. Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are, by definition, not smart enough to debug it. - Brian Kernighan 用代码行来衡量开发进度，无异于用重量来衡量制造飞机的进度。Measuring programming progress by lines of code is like measuring aircraft building progress by weight. - Bill Gates PHP被一些不合格的业余人员造就成了一个小恶魔；而Perl则是被一些熟练的但不正当的专业人员造就成了一个超级大恶魔。PHP is a minor evil perpetrated and created by incompetent amateurs, whereas Perl is a great and insidious evil, perpetrated by skilled but perverted professionals. - Jon Ribbens 在两个场合我被问到：“请你告诉我，如果你给机器输入了错误的数字，那么，是否还能得到正确的答案？”我并不能正确领会这类想法。（意思是：程序需要有纠错的能力吗？）On two occasions I have been asked, ‘Pray, Mr. Babbage, if you put into the machine wrong figures, will the right answers come out?’ I am not able rightly to apprehend the kind of confusion of ideas that could provoke such a question.” - Charles Babbage 在编程的时候，我们一定要想像一下，以后维护我们自己的代码的那个人会成为一个强烈的精神病人，并且，他还知道我们住在哪里？Always code as if the guy who ends up maintaining your code will be a violent psychopath who knows where you live. - Rick Osborne 现代的编程是“程序员努力建一个更大更傻的程序”和“世界正在尝试创造更多更傻的人”之间的一种竞赛，目前为止，后者是赢家。 Programming today is a race between software engineers striving to build bigger and better idiot-proof programs, and the Universe trying to produce bigger and better idiots. So far, the Universe is winning. - Rich Cook 我才不关于我的代码是否能在你的机器上工作！我们不会给你提供机器。I don’t care if it works on your machine! We are not shipping your machine! - Ovidiu Platon 我总是希望我的电脑能够像电话一样容易使用；我的这个希望正在变成现实，因为我现在已经不知道怎么去使用我的电话了。I have always wished for my computer to be as easy to use as my telephone; my wish has come true because I can no longer figure out how to use my telephone. - Bjarne Stroustrup 计算机是一种在人类历史上所有发明中，可以让你比以前更快地犯更多的错误的发明，同样，其也包括了“手枪”和“龙舌兰酒”这两种发明的缺陷。A computer lets you make more mistakes faster than any other invention in human history, with the possible exceptions of handguns and tequila. - Mitch Ratcliffe 如果调试程序是一种标准的可以铲除BUG的流程，那么，编程就是把他们放进来的流程。If debugging is the process of removing software bugs, then programming must be the process of putting them in. - E. W. Dijkstra 教一群被BASIC先入为主的学生，什么是好的编程风格简直是一件不可能的事。对于一些有潜力的程序员，他们所受到的智力上的伤害远远超过了重建他们的信心。It is practically impossible to teach good programming style to students that have had prior exposure to BASIC. As potential programmers, they are mentally mutilated beyond hope of regeneration. - E. W. Dijkstra 理论上来说，理论和实际是一样的。但实际上来说，他们则不是。In theory, theory and practice are the same. In practice, they’re not. - Unknown 只有两个事情是无穷尽的：宇宙和人类的愚蠢。当然，我现在还不能确定宇宙是无穷尽的。Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I’m not sure about the universe. - Albert Einstein Perl这种语言就好像是被RSA加密算法加密过的一样。Perl - The only language that looks the same before and after RSA encryption. - Keith Bostic 我爱“最终期限”，我喜欢“嗖嗖嗖”的声音就像他们在飞一样。I love deadlines. I like the whooshing sound they make as they fly by. - Douglas Adams 说Java好的是因为它跨平台就像好像说肛交好是因为其可以适用于一切性别。Saying that Java is good because it works on all platforms is like saying anal sex is good because it works on all genders - Unknown XML就像是一种强暴——如果它不能解决你的问题，那只能说明你没有用好它。XML is like violence - if it doesn’t solve your problems, you are not using enough of it. - Unknown 爱因期坦说，自然界中的一切一定会有一个简单的解释，因为上帝并不是反复无常和独裁的。当然，不会有什么信仰能程序员像爱因期坦那样感到舒服。 Einstein argued that there must be simplified explanations of nature, because God is not capricious or arbitrary. No such faith comforts the software engineer. - Fred Brooks
《Foundations for the Study of Software Architecture》，Dewayne E. Perry, Alexander L. Wolf ACM SIGSOFT SOFTWARE ENGINEERING NOTES 1992 Abstract： The purpose of this paper is to build the foundation for software architecture. We first develop an intuition for software architecture by appealing to several well-established architectural disciplines. On the basis of this intuition, we present a model of software architecture that consists of three components: elements, form, and rationale. Elements are either processing, data, or connecting elements. Form is defined in terms of the properties of, and the relationships among, the elements -- that is, the constraints on the elements. The rationale provides the underlying basis for the architecture in terms of the system constraints, which most often derive from the system :requirements. We discuss the components of the model in the context of both architectures and architectural styles and present an extended example to illustrate some important architecture and style considerations. We conclude by presenting some of the benefits of our approach to software architecture, summarizing our contributions, and relating our approach to other current work. 个人点评： 一边老的好文章，但与我方向不同，有时间再看 Foundations for the Study of Software Architecture.pdf beamer_Foundations_Study_Software_Architecture.pdf
Cytoscape is an open source bioinformatics software platform for visualizing molecular interaction networks and biological pathways and integrating these networks with annotations, gene expression profiles and other state data. Although Cytoscape was originally designed for biological research, now it is a general platform for complex network analysis and visualization. Cytoscape core distribution provides a basic set of features for data integration and visualization. Additional features are available as plugins . Plugins are available for network and molecular profiling analyses, new layouts, additional file format support, scripting, and connection with databases. Plugins may be developed by anyone using the Cytoscape open API based on Java™ technology and plugin community development is encouraged. Most of the plugins are freely available . 信息来自：http://www.cytoscape.org/
Software Engineering: High-Impact U.S. Institutions, 2004-08 Ranked by citations per paper, among U.S. institutions that published at least 100 papers in Thomson Reuters -indexed journals in the category of Computer Science: Software Engineering between 2004 and 2008. Rank Institution Papers 2004-08 Citations per paper 1 Stanford University 222 3.96 2 University of California, Berkeley 222 2.91 3 University of Washington 145 2.85 4 University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 206 2.59 5 MIT 281 2.55 SOURCE: University/Institutional Science Indicators , 1981-2008. (Deluxe version contains complete listings of publication and citation statistics for U.S. universities/institutions in more than 250 subfields corresponding to subject areas covered in the Web of Knowledge . Standard version features data covering 22 main fields. Both versions are available from the Research Services Group.)
http://homepages.cs.ncl.ac.uk/brian.randell/NATO/N1969/index.html NATO Software Engineering Techniques Conference Rome, Italy, 27-31 Oct 1969 Photographs provided by Robert McClure and Brian Randell. R.S. Barton F.L. Bauer R. Bayer R.W. Bemer P. Brinch Hansen J.N. Buxton E.E. David E.W. Dijkstra H. Donner P. Ercoli A.D. Falkoff J. Feldman B.A. Galler C.C. Gotlieb Wes Graham C.A.R. Hoare M.E. Hopkins K. Lagally B.W. Lampson C.A. Lang A. Laybourn R.M. McClure A.J. Perlis P.C. Poole B. Randell J.C. Reynolds D.T. Ross J.P. Rossiensky H. Schorr C. Strachey S. Warshall N. Wirth M. Woodger Unidentified 3 Unidentified 4 Unidentified 6 Hotel
会议主页 Welcome to OSSC 2009 WebSite Guiyang, China, Sept 18-20 2009 2009 International Workshop on Open-source Software for Scientific Computation 02.16.2009 | OSSC 2009 International Workshop on Open-source Software for Scientific Computation will be held in September 18-20, 2009, in Tianjiabing Building multifunctional conference centre of Guizhou Normal University , Guiyang, city of forest, the capital of Guizhou province, located amid the inland southeastern area, China Excellent City of Tourism. The aim of OSSC 09 is to provide an international forum of exchanging the knowledge of using open-source software for scientific computation within the communities from education, academics, to industries. We expect contribution papers focusing on the development and applications of open-source software for scientific computation. Key Words: Open-source software, scientific computation, toolbox/toolkit for research/education, mathematical modeling, numerical methods and simulation, computational science and engineering. All accepted full papers will be published by IEEE Press, which are cited by EI. Click here (pdf) for Call for papers. Organization Programme Committee 02.16.2009 | OSSC Honorable Chairs Songde Ma CASIA, China songde.ma@mail.ia.ac.cn Michel Cosnard INRIA, France michel.cosnard@inria.fr General Chairs Baogang Hu LIAMA, China hubg@nlpr.ia.ac.cn Christian Saguez ECP, France saguez@mas.ecp.fr Program Committee Chairs Claude Gomez Scilab Consortium, France claude.gomez@scilab.org Xiaoyao Xie Guizhou Normal University, China xyx@gznu.edu.cn Program Committee Roberto Bucher SUPSI, Switzerland Jun Cai University Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium Roberto Coisson University of Parma, Italy Junping Du BUPT, China Claude Gomez Scilab Consortium, France Maurice Goursat INRIA, France Stephane Grumbach LIAMA, China Jianguo He Ningxia University, China Qiang Ji RPI, USA Shi Li LIAMA, China Xiaofeng Lin Guangxi University, China Xiaoping Lin Guangdong University of Technology , China Ding Liu Xi'an University of Technology, China Cheng Soon Ong ETH Zurich, Switzerland Longhua Ma Zhejiang University, China Kannan Moudgalya IIT Bombay, India Wei Pan Capital Normal University, China Shiyin Qin Beijing University of Aeronautics Astronautics, China Tetsuya Sakurai Tsukuba University, Japan Soeren Sonnenburg Friedrich Miescher Lab, Germany Serge Steer INRIA, France Kejun Wang Harbin Engineering University, China Xingbo Wang Hunan Agricultural University , China Eric TT Wong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China Xiaoyao Xie Guizhou Normal University, China Shiqi Yu Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,CAS Organization Chair Shi Li LIAMA, China leeshi2006@gmail.com Publication Chair Mengqi Zhou IEEE Beijing Section, China zhoumq@public3.bta.net.cn Organizers LIAMA, Institute of Automation, CAS, Beijing, China Guizhou Normal University, China Co-Sponsors IEEE Beijing Section, China INRIA, France SCILAB Consortium , France Workshop webmaster Cai Kang LIAMA, China kangcai@gmail.com
The goal of this web site is to help reduce the impact of plagiarism on education and educational institutions. At present, it distributes free software to detect plagiarism and provides links to other resources. This site's sole author is Lou Bloomfield, Professor of Physics, University of Virginia, Box 400714, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4714, bloomfield @ virginia.edu. Software for Detecting Plagiarism Windows-Based (for most people) current version WCopyfind 2.6 released 12/21/2004 Non-Windows-Based (for Linux users, etc.) If you have a collection of documents that you think might contain plagiarized content, you can check them quickly with this free software. Note: There are many uses for this pattern matching software beyond the context of plagiarism. If you find an interesting alternative use, I'd be delighted to hear about it. -- LB Frequently Asked Questions Essays by Lou Bloomfield Links to other sites dealing with plagiarism Copyright 1997-2006 Louis A. Bloomfield , All Rights Reserved Page Last Updated: March 8, 2006 国外这类软件很多，有些是开源的。 主页地址
论文名 : Pi-calculus based assembly mechanism of UML state diagram and Validation of model refinement Abstract: UML provides a graphical method to model object-oriented system. However, UML is a meta-model which has only static semantics and without dynamic semantics. From the perspective of assembly mechanism, we proposed six kinds of UML state diagram's assembly mechanisms, and gave the mapping rules between assembly mechan1ism and picalculus. Finally we proved that it is practical to validate model refinement with above theory in two different ways ---- experiment and theory deduction. The theory deduction coincides with the experiment results. Furthermore, the mobile assembly and interrupt assembly we proposed supplement for the insufficient description ability of UML. 发表会议：2009 International Conference on Electronic Computer Technology(ICECT 2009, EI检索) 发表日期： 2008 年 11 月
标签: Software
