美国科学院院士、生态学家和孢粉学家 -- Stanley Adair Cain (1902--1995) 已故美国科学院院士、生态学家和孢粉学家 Stanley Adair Cain (1902--1995) 率先运用孢粉分析研究古生态学。 1965--1968 年 Stanley Adair Cain 担任美国内务部次长，分管渔业、野生生物和国家公园等工作。 ∮1 教育背景 Stanley Adair Cain 分别于 1927 年和 1930 年在芝加哥大学获得植物学硕士和博士学位。他的硕士论文信息： Title: The plant succession and ecological history of acentral Indiana swamp. Author / Creator ： Cain,Stanley Adair, 1902- Imprint ： 1927 Subject ： Plant ecology. Format ： Dissertations, Print, Book URL for this record ： http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/4143115 Stanley Adair Cain 的博士学位论文信息： Title: An ecological study of the heath balds of theGreat Smoky mountains ... by Stanley Adair Cain ... Author / Creator ： Cain,Stanley Adair, 1902- Imprint ： Subject ： Moorplants -- Great Smoky Mountains (N.C. and Tenn.) Ericales Format ： Print, Book URL for this record ： http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/860159 ∮ 2 Stanley Adair Cain (United States 1902--1995) 生平 phytogeography, ecology, conservation http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/chronob/CAIN1902.htm Life Chronology --born inJefferson County, Indiana, on 19 June 1902. --1924: B.S., Butler University --1925-1931: teaches botany at Butler University --1927: M.S., University of Chicago --1927: publishes Airplane Photography and Ecological Mapping in the Proceedings of the IndianaAcademy of Science --1930: Ph.D. in botany, University of Chicago --1931-1933: assistant professor, Indiana University --1933-1935: research associate, Waterman Institute --1935-1946: assistant professor to professor, University of Tennessee --1938: publishes The Species-area Curve in American MidlandNaturalist --1940-1941: Guggenheim fellow --1944: publishes his Foundationsof Plant Geography --1946-1950: botanist, Cranbrook Institute of Science --1950-1961: chair, Dept. of Conservation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor --1956: receives the Botanical Society of America's Certificate of Merit --1958: president, Ecological Society of America --1959: honorary D.Sc., University of Montreal; publishes his Manual of Vegetation Analysis ,with G. M. de Oliveira Castro --1965: voted Michigan Conservationist of the Year --1965-1968: Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish, Wildlife Parks --1969: receives the Ecological Society of America's Eminent Ecologist award --1970: elected to the National Academy of Sciences --1970-1972: director of the Institute for Environmental Quality, University ofMichigan --1972: retires from the University of Michigan --1977: made adjunct professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz --dies at Santa Cruz, California, on 1 April 1995. ∮ 3 学术研究领域 孢粉学、生态学、植地理学、环境保护等 ∮ 4 美国政府行政管理 1965--1968 年担任美国内务部次长 （ 1965--1968: Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Fish, Wildlife Parks ） ∮5 代表论著 Title: Foundations of plant geography / Stanley A. Cain Author / Creator ： Cain, Stanley Adair, 1902- Imprint ： New York ; London : Harper Brothers, Subject ： Phytogeography Description ： xiv, 556 p. : ill. (incl. maps) diagrs. ; 600px. Format ： Print, Book URL for this record ： http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/2217508 · Cain, S.A. 1930. An ecological study of the heath baldsof the Great Smoky Mountains. Butler Univ. Bot. Stud. 1: 177--208. · ________ 1939. Pollen Analysis as a Paleo-ecologicalResearch Method. Botanical Review 5: 627-654. · ________ 1940. The identification of species in fossilpollen of Pinus by Size-frequency determinations. Amer. Jour. Bot. 27 (5)301-308. · ________ 1940. The identification of species in fossilpollen of Pinus by size-frequency determination. American Journal ofBotany 27: 301-308. · ________ 1944. Pollen analysis of some buried soils,Spartanburg County, South Carolina. Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club 71: 11-22. · ________ 1944. Size-frequency characteristics of Abiesfraseri pollen as influenced by different methods of preparation. AmericanMidland Naturalist 31: 232-236. · ________ 1944. Foundations of Plant Geography. NewYork; Harper, 556p. Cain, Stanley Adair 1944. Foundations of plant geography.New York London, Harper. · Cain, S. A. and Slater, J.V. 1948. Palynological Studiesat Sodon Lake, Michigan Part III. The Sequence of Pollen Spectra, Profile I.Ecology 29: 492-500. · Cain, S. A. and Castro, G. M. de O., 1959. Manual ofvegetation analysis. New York, Harper and Row, 325 p. · Cain, S. A., Castro, G. M. de O., Pires, J. M., andSilva, N. T. da, 1956. Applicationof some phytosociological techniques to Brazilian rain forest. American Journalof Botany, v. 43, p. 911-941 ∮ 6 荣誉 Stanley Adair Cain 于 1970 年当选为美国科学院“演化生物学”之学科的院士。他曾担任美国科学促进会副主席、美国生态学会主席、第 9 届国际植物学大学副主席等。 ------------------------ 孙启高 2015 年 4 月 24 日整理 ===================== 参见 ： Stanley Adair Cain (1902--1995) http://people.wku.edu/charles.smith/chronob/CAIN1902.htm http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf2v19n96b/ ------------- Stanley A. Cain http://www.palynology.org/stanley-cain April 3, 1995 Contact: Robert Irion(408/459-2495) University of California at Santa Cruz Press Release http://www.ucsc.edu/news_events/press_releases/ FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ---------------- http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/02/obituaries/stanley-cain-ecologist-92-led-the-field.html Stanley Cain, Ecologist, 92, Led the Field By ROBERT McG. THOMAS Jr. Published: April 2, 1995 古植物学的故事 228 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.228) Umbrella of American palaeobotany--1: An unfinished list of American palaeobotanists http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-826366.html 2014-9-10 05:45 古植物学的故事 262 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.262) Umbrella of American palaeobotany—68: James Morton Schopf(1911--1978) : 开启美国古生物学的“ Schopf 王朝” American palaebotanist and palynologist-- James Morton Schopf(1911--1978) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-855966.html 2015-1-2 23:36 古植物学的故事 (170 期 ) 美国地 质 学家和古植物学家 AurealTheophilus Cross (1916--2013) Storyof Palaeobotany Series (169) Americangeologist and palaeobotanist—Aureal Theophilus Cross (1916--2013) http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=225931do=blogquickforward=1id=592125 2012-7-1419:11 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-592125.html 古植物学的故事 263 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.263) Umbrella of American palaeobotany—69: 美国科学院院士、古孢粉学家 Estella B. Leopold（1927--） Americanpalynologist-- Estella B. Leopold（1927--） http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-856517.html 2015-1-5 05:37 古植物学的故事 317 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.317) Umbrella of American palaeobotany—82: Alfred Traverse(1925--) 游走于科学与神学之间的美国孢粉学家 -- Alfred Traverse (1925--) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-872318.html 2015-3-6 08:05 古植物学的故事 335 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.335) Umbrella of American palaeobotany—93 美国科学院院士、第四纪孢粉学家 Margaret Bryan Davis (1931--) American palynologist-- Margaret Bryan Davis (1931--) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-884717.html 2015-4-24 05:38 古植物学的故事 336 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.336) Umbrella of American palaeobotany—94 美国科学院院士、地质学家和孢粉学家 Herbert E. Wright, Jr.(1917--) American geologist and palynologist-- HerbertE. Wright, Jr. (1917--) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-884739.html 2015-4-24 08:34 ======================================
也说两句父与子：强烈推荐一本好书（增补） 鲍永利老师的新博文 《 父爱的方式 》 以及最近科学网好几篇探讨男女生考研读研等的差别的博文，不禁让我想起了前两年读过的一本书： 由 Dan Kindlon和Michael Thompson 两位美国儿童心理学家写的 《Raising Cain 》。 和另一位心理学家Mary Pipher写的 《Reviving Ophelia 》一起， 《Raising Cain 》 和 《Reviving Ophelia 》 被认为是 分别 探讨男孩子和女孩子在成长过程中所遇到的独特的挫折和挑战方面的力作，发行以来在美国都一直极为畅销。 刚刚谷歌了一下，发现《Raising Cain 》似乎已经有了两种中译本，台湾出的那本叫 《 该隐的封印-男孩世界的隐密文化》， 另外还有一个版本叫《男孩不该走的路》，但内容似乎有删节（注：两个中文版我都没看过）。用中文书名去百度倒发现了一个介绍： http://baike.baidu.com/view/4042316.html?fromTaglist 通过大量的实例（比如他们咨询或治疗过的）并结合自身经历，《Raising Cain 》 的作者认为社会的一些传统观念和流行文化（比如过分强调英雄主义，machoism等）在相当大的程度上其实制约了男孩子的成长，尤其是心理上的健康成长，表现出来的是比较缺乏正确表达自己情感的意愿，能力甚至词汇，缺乏和他人沟通的方式。有意思的是，书中还分析了从婴儿到青春期的成长过程中的各种“男女有别”（比如有些男孩子好动，缺乏组织性，说话比较直接，阅读能力的发展也普遍比女孩子要滞后），认为当前的教育和考试体制（像过早强调阅读方面的考核等等）在一定程度上也把男孩子先放在了不利的位置，比如男生的考试成绩普遍不如女生，受老师，家长批评的机会也多。作者在书中 强调在这方面有改革的必要，还提出了一些可能的解决方法，比如让7-8岁的男孩子和6岁的女孩子一起上阅读课和参加考核，而不是一刀切的同龄教育。 另外，在 《Raising Cain 》 里，作者还花了相当大的篇幅探讨母子关系和父子关系。在书的序言里有一段是这么说的（来自《该隐的封印-男孩世界的隐密文化》）： “我看过太多男孩独自忍受煎熬，看过那些无法与别人做有意义沟通的男孩，因为他们不断地被告知，感情等于懦弱，他们也不曾学过其他的思考或行为方式。同时， 我也看过许多男人无法成为他们心目中理想的父亲形象，这些男人通常都充满敌意，不停地责难他们自己的儿子（虽然，他们也希望有不同的行为模式），将他们的男孩一步一步地推往深渊，让他们承受过多的期待，而且拒绝任何的情感。“ 书里面对父子关系的反省和分析是我个人认为写得最好最感人的一部分。章节的开头是这么写的： "... When a grown man cries in therapy, it is almost always about his father. The man may be hated or revered, alive or dead. The story may be one of a father's absence, his painful presence, or his limitations of spirit and feeling. The word love rarely comes up in the stories men tell, but that is what these stories are all about. Fathers and sons are players in a tale of unrequited love-- a story told in yearning, anger, sadness and shame. An emotional gulf separates most sons from their fathers, and it is uniquely damaging to a boy because of the central role a father figure plays in a boy's developing view of himself. For too many sons, this emotional breach between them and their fathers remains a lifelong source of sadness, anger, bitterness, or shame. Emotional distances keeps many good men from being better fathers; it doesn't diminish a son's desire for connection. No matter how impossible a father may be, at the deepest level of his being, a boy wants to love his father and wants to be known and loved by him. " (pp. 94-95) 虽然父子关系里可能有不少冲突和暗流，书中却也提出母亲在这个事情上的过度介入并不一定是好事。作者之一的Michael Thompson在序言里写到： "I wish she hadn't intervened and managed our relationship in the way she did. She didn't understand our competition, our conflict, and our need to throw ourselves at each other. We were always making attempts at intimacy, right up until his death. My father is gone now. He died during the writing of this book, but I am often reminded of Geoffrey Wolff's remark in The Duke of Deception: My mind is never completely empty of my father ." 在父子关系一章的最后，作者指出，虽然“in general it is better not to leave important feelings unexpressed and that words are often the clearest and most unequivocal way to do this",好的父子关系和好的母子关系的形式可以也可能应该是是截然不同的。如果好的母子关系是表现在感情交流上，好的父子关系完全可以表现在大家一起做什么事情（而不是非促膝谈心不可）："a physical expression of affection may come in sharing a space--sitting side by side to assemble a model or standing at opposite ends of a field for a game of catch..." (p. 113) "... Simply doing things together and listening and talking to each other with respect . " (p. 113) 《Raising Cain 》 ：一本值得儿子们，父亲们，母亲们，老师们和对教育学心理学感兴趣的朋友们细读的书。 Raising Cain : Protecting the Emotional Life of Boys. (2000). Ballantine Books. Reviving Ophelia: Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls. (2005). Riverhead Trade. 补充：有网友提示在网上可以下载到 《男孩不该走的路》 。谢谢！ （图片来自网络，仅供参考）
标签: Cain
