Knowledge Domain and Emerging Trends in Organic Photovoltaic Technology: A Scientometric Review Based on CiteSpace Analysis Fengjun Xiao 1,2 , Chengzhi Li 1 , Jiangman Sun 3 * and Lianjie Zhang 4 * Xiao F, Li C, Sun J and Zhang L (2017) Knowledge Domain and Emerging Trends in Organic Photovoltaic Technology: A Scientometric Review Based on CiteSpace Analysis. Front. Chem . 5:67. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00067
A Review of Theory and Practice in Scientometrics http://arxiv.org/vc/arxiv/papers/1501/1501.05462v2.pdf John Mingers Kent Business School, University of Kent, Canterbury CT7 2PE, UK j.mingers@kent.ac.uk 01227 824008 Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15793, 1001 NG Amsterdam, The Netherlands loet@leydesdorff.net Abstract Scientometrics is the study of the quantitative aspects of the process of science as a communication system. It is centrally, but not only, concerned with the analysis of citations in the academic literature. In recent years it has come to play a major role in the measurement and evaluation of research performance. In this review we consider: the historical development of scientometrics, sources of citation data, citation metrics and the “laws of scientometrics, normalisation, journal impact factors and other journal metrics, visualising and mapping science, evaluation and policy, and future developments. Keywords altmetrics, bibliometrics, citations, h-index, impact factor, normalisation, scientometrics (科学计量学是把科学看作一个交流系统，定量研究科学过程的特征。它非常关注科学文献之间的引用分析。近年来它在科研绩效评价和测度方面扮演了重要角色。这篇综述涉及：科学计量学的发展历程；引文数据源；引文指标和科学计量学“定律”；归一化；期刊影响影响因子和其它期刊指标；科学可视化；评价与政策；未来的发展。） Scientometrics is one of several related fields: Bibliometrics – “The application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication” (Pritchard, 1969, p. 349). This is the original area of study covering books and publications generally. The term “bibliometrics” was first proposed by Otlet (1934; cf. Rousseau, 2014). Scientometrics – “The quantitative methods of the research on the development of science as an informational process” (Nalimov Mulcjenko, 1971, p. 2). This field concentrates specifically on science (and the social sciences and humanities). Informetrics – “The study of the application of mathematical methods to the objects of information science” (Nacke, 1979, p. 220). Perhaps the most general field covering all types of information regardless of form or origin (Egghe, L. Rousseau, 1988). Webometrics – “The study of the quantitative aspects of the construction and use of information resources, structures and technologies on the Web drawing on bibliometric and informetric approaches (Björneborn Ingwersen, 2004, p. 1217; Thelwall Vaughan, 2004). This field mainly concerns the analysis of web pages as if they were documents. Altmetrics – “The study and use of scholarly impact measures based on activity in online tools and environments” (Priem, 2014, p. 266). Also called scientometrics 2.0, this field replaces journal citations with impacts in social networking tools such as views, downloads, “likes”, blogs, Twitter, Mendelay, CiteULike.
公共政策文件（含法律、政府部门性规章、通知、条例等形式）也是一种文献，与学术期刊论文有许多相似之处，例如，政策文件也有标题、发文机构、发文日期、正文等要素。在Scientometrics（SSCI收录期刊）最新发表的论文中，我们收集了1949-2010年间中国中央政府机构颁布的4707份科技政策文件，把文献计量研究方法移植到政策文件中，定量地研究了科技政策主题变迁、政策颁布机构的合作模式、科技政策的影响力等问题，研究结果详见 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-014-1406-4 附论文标题与摘要 A bibliometric study of China’s science and technology policies: 1949–2010 Abstract: This paper uses a bibliometric analysis method to probe into the evolution of China’s science and technology policies from 1949 to 2010, and the roles of core government agencies in policy-making. We obtained 4,707 Chinese ST policies from GDIS, a Chinese public policy database provided by Tsinghua University. Co-word analysis and network analysis were applied in mapping the topics of ST policies and collaboration among the agencies, while citation analysis was applied to assess the influence of ST policies. Findings include: first, the focus of Chinese ST policies is mainly on applied research and industrialization, rather than basic research; second, more and more government agencies are involved in making ST policies, but collaboration efforts are not significantly increasing; last but not least, the influence of different ST policies is determined by the administrative ranking of the policy-making agencies responsible for drafting those policies.
标签: scientometrics
