实用英语园:看病时常用到的英文 建议打印保存 人在北美 1) 一般病情: He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. (他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。) He is under the weather. (他不舒服，生病了。) He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到反常的疲倦。) He feels light-headed. (他觉得头晕。) She has been shut-in for a few days. (她生病在家几天了。) Her head is pounding. (她头痛。) His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。) He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。) He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。) He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. (他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。) He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。) He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。) She has some pains and itching around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。) (2) 伤风感冒： He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。) His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。) He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。) (hacking = constant) He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。) (malaise = debility) He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。) He has a headache, aching bones and joints. (他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。) He has a persistent cough. (他不停地在咳。) 或 He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。) He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑，有时失声。) He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。) His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。) He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。) He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。) (3) 女性疾病： She has noticed one lump in her breast. (她发觉乳房有个肿块。) There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast. (她右乳房有肿块。) Her left breast is painful and swollen. (她左乳房疼痛且肿大。) She has heavy bleeding with her periods. (她月经来的很多。) Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling. (她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。) She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods. (在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。) She has some bleeding after intercourse. (性交后有出血。) She feels some vaginal itching. (她感到阴部发痒。) She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge. (她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。) (4) 手脚毛病： His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。) He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。) There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。) His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (他的足踝好象肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。) (pit = small dent form) (句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles) The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. (左脚酸痛，并有红肿。) The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。) He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。) His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. (激烈动后，他的腿就痛。) His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。) There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。) He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。) She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。) His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。) (5) 睡眠不好： He is sleeping poorly.（他睡不好） He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate.（他不易入睡，也难集中精神。） It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night.（她晚上就寝，很难入睡。） He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again.（他晚间或清早醒来后，再也不能入睡。） He has nightmares occasionally.（他有时做噩梦。） (6) 男性疾病： He urinates more frequently than usual.（他小便比平时多。） He has difficulty controlling his bladder.（他很难控制小便。）(bladder 是膀胱) There are some lumps on his testicles. （他的睪丸有些硬块。） He has had burning or pain when he urinates.（他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。） He is passing less urine than usual.（他小便比平时少。） He has had painless swelling in his scrotum.（他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。） He feels lack of interest in sex.（他自觉对性的兴趣大减。） He has difficulty starting his urine flow.（他小便不畅通。） His urine stream is very weak and slow.（他小便流动得很慢很弱。） He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.（他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。） He has had some discharge from his penis.（他的阴茎排出一些流脓。） His urine is cloudy and it smells strong.（他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。） He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.（他的胯部感到隐痛。） He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.（他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。） He has trouble urinating.（他小便有困难。） (7) 呼吸方面： His breathing has become increasingly difficult.（他呼吸越来越困难。） He has to breathe through his mouth.（他要用口呼吸。） He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.（他喘气；即使不?#092;动，他也是上气不接下气。） His cough is more like wheezing.（他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。） His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.（他是干咳，没有痰。） He has coughed up blood.（他咳嗽有血。） His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.（他感冒时鼻子就不通。） He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.（他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。） He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.（他胸部觉得闷闷的，好象透不过气来。） (8)口腔毛病： He has pain in his teeth or jaw. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。) He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。) The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。) His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。) His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。) His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。) His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。) He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。) He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。) There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。) There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。) (9) 肠胃毛病： He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。) 或 He feels bloated after eating. He has bouts of abdominal pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。) He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。) (注：胀胀的，像「puff up」，但不是真正的肿「swell up」。) The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen. (痛是在肚子下半部。) He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。) It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。) He has passed more gas than usual. (他放比平常多。) He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。) He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. (他大便时很痛。) He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。) He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。) His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling. (他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。) 或 His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。) He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。) (10) 血压等等： His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。) High blood pressure is creeping up on him. He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。) It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。) He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。) He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。) He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。) His eyes seem to be bulging. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。) He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。) He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。) His vision in the right eye blurred. (他右眼视线模糊不清。) He has had some earaches lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。) He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。)
周末，轻松一下：） 雷人名人语录 WEDON'TKNOWWEDON'TKNOW 年轻点的，想学英语吗？ 不那么年轻的，想学怎么打官腔吗？ 已经不年轻的，想找点乐子吗? 请欣赏 Rumsfeld 语录不大全（笔者根据各种网络流传版本改编）： 一、绕你没商量： 1. Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns -- the ones we don't know we don't know. 2. I would not say that the future is necessarily less predictable than the past. I think the past was not predictable when it started. 3. As you know, you go to war with the army you have, not the army you might want or wish to have at a later time. 4. I believe what I said yesterday. I don't know what I said, but I know what I think, and, well, I assume it's what I said. 5. There's another way to phrase that and that is that the absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence. It is basically saying the same thing in a different way. Simply because you do not have evidence that something does exist does not mean that you have evidence that it doesn't exist. -- on Iraq 's weapons of mass destruction 6. I don't know what the facts are but somebody's certainly going to sit down with him and find out what he knows that they may not know, and make sure he knows what they know that he may not know. 二、告诉你的都是无可争辩的事实： 1. We do know of certain knowledge that he is either in Afghanistan , or in some other country, or dead. 2. We know where they are. They're in the area around Tikrit and Baghdad and east, west, south and north somewhat. -- on Iraq 's weapons of mass destruction 3. either alive and well or alive and not too well or not alive. 3. If I said yes, that would then suggest that that might be the only place where it might be done which would not be accurate, necessarily accurate. It might also not be inaccurate, but I'm disinclined to mislead anyone. 4. Death has a tendency to encourage a depressing view of war. 四、实在说不圆，顾左右而言他： 1. I am not going to give you a number for it because it's not my business to do intelligent work. 2. It is unknowable how long that conflict will last. It could last six days, six weeks. I doubt six months. 3. Well, um, you know, something's neither good nor bad but thinking makes it so, I suppose, as Shakespeare said. 一句老实话： Learn to say I don't know. If used when appropriate, it will be often. 马上又改口： If I know the answer I'll tell you the answer, and if I don't, I'll just respond, cleverly. 三、嘴巴有时会大，但说的都是实话： 1. Freedom's untidy and free people are free to make mistakes and commit crimes and do bad things. 2. Needless to say, the President is correct. Whatever it was he said.
曲 刚 学好英语发音，第一件要做到的事是发准和听清英语音，这就要知道英语的口腔后部发声方法，口腔后部发声方法是英语发音的入场券，不知道这个发声方法，就没法发好英语音。 地球上的每一种语言,都有自己的发音特征,比如中国人讲汉语的时候，用的是口腔的前部发声方法，说话时嘴巴的前半部分动作较大，发出的声音偏高、短促、大用力，大爆破，是一种粗犷式发音。而英美和欧洲人说话时，用的是口腔的后部发声方法，说话时嘴巴的前半部分动作较轻较小，而后半部分动作较大，发出的声音低沉、粘长、爆破轻，是一种细腻式发音。 口腔前部发声和后部发声是不能混用的，用口腔后部是发不准口腔前部音的，反过来，用口腔前部也发不准口腔后部音。若用错发声方法，不仅会造成发音不准确，而且还会造成发音难听、发音障碍和听力障碍，给英语学习造成很大困难。 学习一种外语的发音，主要目标就是克服母语的发音习惯，学会外语的发音特征。汉语和英语是发音特征截然相反的两种语言，中国人要想学会英语发音，就需要系统地学习英语发音知识，克服汉语发音的习惯，学会发低沉、粘长、爆破轻的英语音。 英语为什么要用口腔后部发声法来发音呢？ 请看下面的句子,可看出英语句子的发音数量远远大于汉语，并且有音多、音相近、辅音相连的特点，这造成英语发音难度大于汉语，须采用小动作发音和压抑爆破音来解决发音难题。口腔后部发声法，就实现了这两个目的： 1:Before I eat dinner, I read newspaper for a while(18个音). 吃饭前我看会报纸（8个音）。 2:What time did you get up yesterday morning?(18个音). 你昨天早上几点起床？（9个音）。 3:Jane and Peter had been fishing for three hours but they had caught nothing（26个音）. 珍和彼得钓了三小时鱼但什么都没钓着（17个音）。 4:Your appointment will be at next Thursday at 10 oclock（27个音）. 你的约会在周四上午10点（11个音） 怎样学习英语的口腔后部发声呢？ 首先，要学会超慢速的英语发音，谁的发音能最慢，谁的发音就能最好，就好像骑自行车一样，谁骑得最慢，谁的技术就最高。语言的发音具有慢学快用的特点，超慢速发音把发音的细节全部暴露出来，进而一一学会。快速发音把一切发音细节全胡弄过去了，表面上看是流利，其实是假流利，很多人的流利英语发音外国人根本听不懂，一放慢就千疮百孔要不得了。请记住：一快遮百丑，一慢解千愁。 其次，在超慢速发音的前提下，学会后部发声的7字要领，这7字要领也是后部发声的7个方面，英语发音在这7个方面与汉语发音截然相反，它们是： 声、型、气、力、音、节、调 1．声：声音偏低、粘长。英语是用低嗓音来说话的。 2．型：口腔前部的嘴唇收拢，要想口腔后部发声，就得收住口腔前部，收住嘴唇和牙齿的过大开合运动。 3．气：轻柔用气，压抑住爆破音，学会轻发辅音。汉语发音用力重、用气冲，英语发音用力轻、用气柔，并有美声吐字特征。说英语时要改吹气发音为吸气发音，对蜡烛说英语时火苗要不动，对手掌说英语时要无太重的吹气感。 4．力：轻柔用力，压抑住爆破音，学会轻发费力费气的辅音，控发头辅音，轻发尾辅音，减弱用力过猛的舌尖强挤压音，拉长并饱满元音的发音，压抑爆破音，美声吐字发音。 5．音：学会发偏低、粘长、以元音为主的舌根音。英语是一种舌根音语言，很多音是靠舌根用力发出的，说英语时就好像是在用舌根跟别人讲话，不会舌根运动，就发不准英语音。请大家用下一节的语音大表学会发英语的舌根音。 6．节：即节奏，或叫弹性发音，指一组一组地发音，每组音里有一个重音， 其他的音都是轻音，这样发音减小了发音的工作量。 7．调：婉转起伏，自然优美，不拐弯的英语是难听的。 来源 ： http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/4a64c9a101000a9r
BET公式 BET formula DLVO理论 DLVO theory HLB法 hydrophile-lipophile balance method pVT性质 pVT property 电势 zeta potential 阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadronumber 阿伏加德罗定律 Avogadro law 阿累尼乌斯电离理论 Arrhenius ionization theory 阿累尼乌斯方程 Arrhenius equation 阿累尼乌斯活化能 Arrhenius activation energy 阿马格定律 Amagat law 艾林方程 Erying equation 爱因斯坦光化当量定律 Einsteins law of photo chem ical equivalence 爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程 Einstein-Stokes equation 安托万常数 Antoine constant 安托万方程 Antoine equation 盎萨格电导理论 Onsagers theory of conductance 半电池 half cell 半衰期 half time period 饱和液体 saturated liquids 饱和蒸气 saturated vapor 饱和吸附量 saturated extent of adsorption 饱和蒸气压 saturated vapor pressure 爆炸界限 explosion limits 比表面功 specific surface work 比表面吉布斯函数 specific surface Gibbs function 比浓粘度 reduced viscosity 标准电动势 standard electromotive force 标准电极电势 standard electrode potential 标准摩尔反应焓 standard molar reaction enthalpy 标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数 standard Gibbs function of molar reaction 标准摩尔反应熵 standard molar reaction entropy 标准摩尔焓函数 standard molar enthalpy function 标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数 standard molar Gibbs free energy function 标准摩尔燃烧焓 standard molar combustion enthalpy 标准摩尔熵 standard molar entropy 标准摩尔生成焓 standard molar formation enthalpy 标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数 standard molar formation Gibbs function 标准平衡常数 standard equilibrium constant 标准氢电极 standard hydrogen electrode 标准态 standard state 标准熵 standard entropy 标准压力 standard pressure 标准状况 standard condition 表观活化能 apparent activation energy 表观摩尔质量 apparent molecular weight 表观迁移数 apparent transference number 表面 surfaces 表面过程控制 surface process control 表面活性剂 surfactants 表面吸附量 surface excess 表面张力 surface tension 表面质量作用定律 surface mass action law 波义尔定律 Boyle law 波义尔温度 Boyle temperature 波义尔点 Boyle point 玻尔兹曼常数 Boltzmann constant 玻尔兹曼分布 Boltzmann distribution 玻尔兹曼公式 Boltzmann formula 玻尔兹曼熵定理 Boltzmann entropy theorem 玻色－爱因斯坦统计 Bose-Einstein statistics 泊 Poise 不可逆过程 irreversible process 不可逆过程热力学 thermodynamics of irreversible processes 不可逆相变化 irreversible phase change 布朗运动 brownian movement 查理定律 Charles law 产率 yield 敞开系统 open system 超电势 over potential 沉降 sedimentation 沉降电势 sedimentation potential 沉降平衡 sedimentation equilibrium 触变 thixotropy 粗分散系统 thick disperse system 催化剂 catalyst 单 分子 层吸附理论 mono molecule layer adsorption 单分子反应 unimolecular reaction 单链反应 straight chain reactions 弹式量热计 bomb calorimeter 道尔顿定律 Dalton law 道尔顿分压定律 Dalton partial pressure law 德拜和法尔肯哈根效应 Debye and Falkenhagen effect 德拜立方公式 Debye cubic formula 德拜－休克尔极限公式 Debye-Huckels limiting equation 等焓过程 isenthalpic process 等焓线 isenthalpic line 等几率定理 theorem of equal probability 等温等容位 Helmholtz free energy 等温等压位 Gibbs free energy 等温方程 equation at constant temperature 低共熔点 eutectic point 低共熔混合物 eutectic mixture 低会溶点 lower consolute point 低熔冰盐合晶 cryohydric 第二类永动机 perpetual machine of the second kind 第三定律熵 third-law entropy 第一类永动机 perpetual machine of the first kind 缔合 化学 吸附 association chemical adsorption 电池常数 cell constant 电池电动势 electromotive force of cells 电池反应 cell reaction 电导 conductance 电导率 conductivity 电动势的温度系数 temperature coefficient of electromotive force 电动电势 zeta potential 电功 electric work 电化学 electro chemistry 电化学极化 electrochemical polarization 电极电势 electrode potential 电极反应 reactions on the electrode 电极种类 type of electrodes 电解池 electrolytic cell 电量计 coulometer 电流效率 current efficiency 电迁移 electro migration 电迁移率 electromobility 电渗 electroosmosis 电渗析 electrodialysis 电泳 electrophoresis 丁达尔效应 Dyndall effect 定容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant volume 定容温度计 Constant voIume thermometer 定压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant pressure 定压温度计 constant pressure thermometer 定域子系统 localized particle system 动力学方程 kinetic equations 动力学控制 kinetics control 独立子系统 independent particle system 对比摩尔体积 reduced mole volume 对比体积 reduced volume 对比温度 reduced temperature 对比压力 reduced pressure 对称数 symmetry number 对行反应 reversible reactions 对应状态原理 principle of corresponding state 多方过程 polytropic process 多分子层吸附理论 adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers 二级反应 second order reaction 二级相变 second order phase change 法拉第常数 faraday constant 法拉第定律 Faradays law 反电动势 back E.M.F. 反渗透 reverse osmosis 反应分子数 molecularity 反应级数 reaction orders 反应进度 extent of reaction 反应热 heat of reaction 反应速率 rate of reaction 反应速率常数 constant of reaction rate 范德华常数 van der Waals constant 范德华方程 van der Waals equation 范德华力 van der Waals force 范德华气体 van der Waals gases 范特霍夫方程 vant Hoff equation 范特霍夫规则 vant Hoff rule 范特霍夫渗透压公式 vant Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反应 non-elementary reactions 非体积功 non-volume work 非依时计量学反应 time independent stoichiometric reactions 菲克扩散第一定律 Ficks first law of diffusion 沸点 boiling point 沸点升高 elevation of boiling point 费米－狄拉克统计 Fermi-Dirac statistics 分布 distribution 分布数 distribution numbers 分解电压 decomposition voltage 分配定律 distribution law 分散系统 disperse system 分散相 dispersion phase 分体积 partial volume 分体积定律 partial volume law 分压 partial pressure 分压定律 partial pressure law 分子反应力学 mechanics of molecular reactions 分子间力 intermolecular force 分子蒸馏 molecular distillation 封闭系统 closed system 附加压力 excess pressure 弗罗因德利希吸附经验式 Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption 负极 negative pole 负吸附 negative adsorption 复合反应 composite reaction 盖吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law 盖斯定律 Hess law 甘汞电极 calomel electrode 感胶离子序 lyotropic series 杠杆规则 lever rule 高分子 溶液 macromolecular solution 高会溶点 upper consolute point 隔离法 the isolation method 格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律 Grotthus-Draoers law 隔离系统 isolated system 根均方速率 root-mean-square speed 功 work 功函 work content 共轭溶液 conjugate solution 共沸温度 azeotropic temperature 构型熵 configurational entropy 孤立系统 isolated system 固溶胶 solid sol 固态混合物 solid solution 固相线 solid phase line 光反应 photoreaction 光化学第二定律 the second law of actinochemistry 光化学第一定律 the first law of actinochemistry 光敏反应 photosensitized reactions 光谱熵 spectrum entropy 广度性质 extensive property 广延量 extensive quantity 广延性质 extensive property 规定熵 stipulated entropy 过饱和溶液 oversaturated solution 过饱和蒸气 oversaturated vapor 过程 process 过渡状态理论 transition state theory 过冷水 super-cooled water 过冷液体 overcooled liquid 过热液体 overheated liquid 亥姆霍兹函数 Helmholtz function 亥姆霍兹函数判据 Helmholtz function criterion 亥姆霍兹自由能 Helmholtz free energy 亥氏函数 Helmholtz function 焓 enthalpy 亨利常数 Henry constant 亨利定律 Henry law 恒沸混合物 constant boiling mixture 恒容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant volume 恒容热 heat at constant volume 恒外压 constant external pressure 恒压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant pressure 恒压热 heat at constant pressure 化学动力学 chemical kinetics 化学反应计量式 stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction 化学反应计量系数 stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction 化学反应进度 extent of chemical reaction 化学亲合势 chemical affinity 化学热力学 chemical thermodynamics 化学势 chemical potential 化学势判据 chemical potential criterion 化学吸附 chemisorptions 环境 environment 环境熵变 entropy change in environment 挥发度 volatility 混合熵 entropy of mixing 混合物 mixture 活度 activity 活化控制 activation control 活化络合 物理 论 activated complex theory 离子强度 ionic strength 理想混合物 perfect mixture 理想气体 ideal gas 接触电势 contact potential 接触角 contact angle 节流过程 throttling process 节流膨胀 throttling expansion 节流膨胀系数 coefficient of throttling expansion 结线 tie line 结晶热 heat of crystallization 解离化学吸附 dissociation chemical adsorption 界面 interfaces 界面张力 surface tension 浸湿 immersion wetting 浸湿功 immersion wetting work 精馏 rectify 聚（合）电解质 polyelectrolyte 聚沉 coagulation 聚沉值 coagulation value 绝对反应速率理论 absolute reaction rate theory 绝对熵 absolute entropy 绝对温标 absolute temperature scale 绝热过程 adiabatic process 绝热量热计 adiabatic calorimeter 绝热指数 adiabatic index 卡诺定理 Carnot theorem 卡诺循环 Carnot cycle 开尔文公式 Kelvin formula 柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律 Konovalov-Gibbs law 科尔劳施离子独立运动定律 Kohlrauschs Law of Independent Migration of Ions 可能的电解质 potential electroly 可逆电池 reversible cell 可逆过程 reversible process 可逆过程方程 reversible process equation 可逆体积功 reversible volume work 可逆相变 reversible phase change 克拉佩龙方程 Clapeyron equation 克劳修斯不等式 Clausius inequality 克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程 Clausius-Clapeyron equation 控制步骤 control step 库仑计 coulometer 扩散控制 diffusion controlled 拉普拉斯方程 Laplaces equation 拉乌尔定律 Raoult law 兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理 Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism 兰格缪尔吸附等温式 Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula 雷利公式 Rayleigh equation 冷冻系数 coefficient of refrigeration 冷却曲线 cooling curve 离解热 heat of dissociation 离解压力 dissociation pressure 离域子系统 non-localized particle systems 离子的标准摩尔生成焓 standard molar formation of ion 离子的电迁移率 mobility of ions 离子的迁移数 transport number of ions 离子独立运动定律 law of the independent migration of ions 离子氛 ionic atmosphere 离子强度 ionic strength 理想混合物 perfect mixture 理想气体 ideal gas 理想气体的绝热指数 adiabatic index of ideal gases 理想气体的微观模型 micro-model of ideal gas 理想气体反应的等温方程 isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions 理想气体绝热可逆过程方程 adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程 state equation of ideal gas 理想稀溶液 ideal dilute solution 理想液态混合物 perfect liquid mixture 粒子 particles 粒子的配分函数 partition function of particles 连串反应 consecutive reactions 链的传递物 chain carrier 链反应 chain reactions 量热熵 calorimetric entropy 量子统计 quantum statistics 量子效率 quantum yield 临界参数 critical parameter 临界常数 critical constant 临界点 critical point 临界胶束浓度 critical micelle concentration 临界摩尔体积 critical molar volume 临界温度 critical temperature 临界压力 critical pressure 临界状态 critical state 零级反应 zero order reaction 流动电势 streaming potential 流动功 flow work 笼罩效应 cage effect 路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则 Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity 露点 dew point 露点线 dew point line 麦克斯韦关系式 Maxwell relations 麦克斯韦速率分布 Maxwell distribution of speeds 麦克斯韦能量分布 MaxwelIdistribution of energy 毛细管凝结 condensation in capillary 毛细现象 capillary phenomena 米凯利斯常数 Michaelis constant 摩尔电导率 molar conductivity 摩尔反应焓 molar reaction enthalpy 摩尔混合熵 mole entropy of mixing 摩尔气体常数 molar gas constant 摩尔热容 molar heat capacity 摩尔溶解焓 mole dissolution enthalpy 摩尔稀释焓 mole dilution enthalpy 内扩散控制 internal diffusions control 内能 internal energy 内压力 internal pressure 能级 energy levels 能级分布 energy level distribution 能量均分原理 principle of the equipartition of energy 能斯特方程 Nernst equation 能斯特热定理 Nernst heat theorem 凝固点 freezing point 凝固点降低 lowering of freezing point 凝固点曲线 freezing point curve 凝胶 gelatin 凝聚态 condensed state 凝聚相 condensed phase 浓差超电势 concentration over-potential 浓差极化 concentration polarization 浓差电池 concentration cells 帕斯卡 pascal 泡点 bubble point 泡点线 bubble point line 配分函数 partition function 配分函数的析因子性质 property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state 碰撞截面 collision cross section 碰撞数 the number of collisions 偏摩尔量 partial mole quantities 平衡常数（理想气体反应） equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases 平动配分函数 partition function of translation 平衡分布 equilibrium distribution 平衡态 equilibrium state 平衡态近似法 equilibrium state approximation 平衡状态图 equilibrium state diagram 平均活度 mean activity 平均活度系统 mean activity coefficient 平均摩尔热容 mean molar heat capacity 平均质量摩尔浓度 mean mass molarity 平均自由程 mean free path 平行反应 parallel reactions 破乳 demulsification 铺展 spreading 普遍化范德华方程 universal van der Waals equation 其它功 the other work 气化热 heat of vaporization 气溶胶 aerosol 气体常数 gas constant 气体分子运动论 kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论的基本方程 foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases 气溶胶 aerosol 气相线 vapor line 迁移数 transport number 潜热 latent heat 强度量 intensive quantity 强度性质 intensive property 亲液溶胶 hydrophilic sol 氢电极 hydrogen electrodes 区域熔化 zone melting 热 heat 热爆炸 heat explosion 热泵 heat pump 热功当量 mechanical equivalent of heat 热函 heat content 热化学 thermochemistry 热化学方程 thermochemical equation 热机 heat engine 热机效率 efficiency of heat engine 热力学 thermodynamics 热力学第二定律 the second law of thermodynamics 热力学第三定律 the third law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律 the first law of thermodynamics 热力学基本方程 fundamental equation of thermodynamics 热力学几率 thermodynamic probability 热力学能 thermodynamic energy 热力学特性函数 characteristic thermodynamic function 热力学温标 thermodynamic scale of temperature 热力学温度 thermodynamic temperature 热熵 thermal entropy 热效应 heat effect 熔点曲线 melting point curve 熔化热 heat of fusion 溶胶 colloidal sol 溶解焓 dissolution enthalpy 溶液 solution 溶胀 swelling 乳化剂 emulsifier 乳状液 emulsion 润湿 wetting 润湿角 wetting angle 萨克尔－泰特洛德方程 Sackur-Tetrode equation 三相点 triple point 三相平衡线 triple-phase line 熵 entropy 熵判据 entropy criterion 熵增原理 principle of entropy increase 渗透压 osmotic pressure 渗析法 dialytic process 生成反应 formation reaction 升华热 heat of sublimation 实际气体 real gas 舒尔采－哈迪规则 Schulze-Hardy rule 松驰力 relaxation force 松驰时间 time of relaxation 速度常数 reaction rate constant 速率方程 rate equations 速率控制步骤 rate determining step 塔费尔公式 Tafel equation 态－态反应 state-state reactions 唐南平衡 Donnan equilibrium 淌度 mobility 特鲁顿规则 Trouton rule 特性粘度 intrinsic viscosity 体积功 volume work 统计权重 statistical weight 统计热力学 statistic thermodynamics 统计熵 statistic entropy 途径 path 途径函数 path function 外扩散控制 external diffusion control 完美晶体 perfect crystalline 完全气体 perfect gas 微观状态 microstate 微态 microstate 韦斯顿标准电池 Weston standard battery 维恩效应 Wien effect 维里方程 virial equation 维里系数 virial coefficient 稳流过程 steady flow process 稳态近似法 stationary state approximation 无热溶液 athermal solution 无限稀溶液 solutions in the limit of extreme dilution 物理化学 Physical Chemistry 物理吸附 physisorptions 吸附 adsorption 吸附等量线 adsorption isostere 吸附等温线 adsorption isotherm 吸附等压线 adsorption isobar 吸附剂 adsorbent 吸附量 extent of adsorption 吸附热 heat of adsorption 吸附质 adsorbate 析出电势 evolution or deposition potential 析因子性质 property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state 稀溶液的依数性 colligative properties of dilute solutions 稀释焓 dilution enthalpy 系统 system 系统点 system point 系统的环境 environment of system 相 phase 相变 phase change 相变焓 enthalpy of phase change 相变化 phase change 相变热 heat of phase change 相点 phase point 相对挥发度 relative volatility 相对粘度 relative viscosity 相律 phase rule 相平衡热容 heat capacity in phase equilibrium 相图 phase diagram 相倚子系统 system of dependent particles 悬浮液 suspension 循环过程 cyclic process 压力商 pressure quotient 压缩因子 compressibility factor 压缩因子图 diagram of compressibility factor 亚稳状态 metastable state 盐桥 salt bridge 盐析 salting out 阳极 anode 杨氏方程 Youngs equation 液体接界电势 liquid junction potential 液相线 liquid phase lines 一级反应 first order reaction 一级相变 first order phase change 依时计量学反应 time dependent stoichiometric reactions 逸度 fugacity 逸度系数 coefficient of fugacity 阴极 cathode 荧光 fluorescence 永动机 perpetual motion machine 永久气体 Permanent gas 有效能 available energy 原电池 primary cell 原盐效应 salt effect 增比粘度 specific viscosity 憎液溶胶 lyophobic sol 沾湿 adhesional wetting 沾湿功 the work of adhesional wetting 真溶液 true solution 真实电解质 real electrolyte 真实气体 real gas 真实迁移数 true transference number 振动配分函数 partition function of vibration 振动特征温度 characteristic temperature of vibration 蒸气压下降 depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点 normal point 正吸附 positive adsorption 支链反应 branched chain reactions 直链反应 straight chain reactions 指前因子 pre-exponential factor 质量作用定律 mass action law 制冷系数 coefficient of refrigeration 中和热 heat of neutralization 轴功 shaft work 转动配分函数 partition function of rotation 转动特征温度 characteristic temperature of vibration 转化率 convert ratio 转化温度 conversion temperature 状态 state 状态方程 state equation 状态分布 state distribution
曲津華 今天偶然被某網頁的鏈接帶入了一個國家級機構的網站，其首頁的BANNER文字為“全國哲學社會科學規劃辦公室”及其英文“National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science”。 對其英文，試改為National Planning Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences，自認更貼切一些，理由不詳陳。另想到，英文中還有個片語Social Studies，當與“社會科學”有相當程度的關係。只是聯想，未明所以，不敢擅用，在此就教于方家。 此外，還有一個疑問——“哲學社會科學”與“人文社會科學”的異同，只覺後者用法較新，也請一併賜教。 上述網站地址是 www.npopss-cn.gov.cn 。
标签: 英语
