在自传《long walk to freedom》中,曼德拉回忆过一段打麻雀的旧事。其中,有一固定搭配aim....at.,是英文摘要中经常使用的。含义和曼德拉的句子略有差异。曼德拉的句子是One day,I was on the front lown of the property and aimed the gun at a sparraw perched high in a tree. 朋友阿瑟的妻子,注视着曼德拉,开玩笑说,他不会击中目标的。话音未落,麻雀就从树上掉下来。曼德拉得意洋洋,脸朝着她,还没有来得及骄傲地发话,就看到朋友之子,五岁的保罗眼泪汪汪地责问曼德拉:戴维,您为何要杀死那只可怜的小鸟?他妈妈会伤心的。 曼德拉的感觉,瞬间由自豪转换为羞愧。他写:我觉得,小男孩远比我有人性。(固定搭配的故事之一)
古植物学生要励志-3 被关押 27 年的反种族隔离斗士 — 纳尔逊·曼德拉 (Nelson Mandela , 1918—2013 ) 有人问:从事科学研究必须甘愿忍受孤独和寂寞吗?我以为,两者之间并非存在内在的、必然的逻辑联系。尽管如此,但我相信拥有“ fortitude ”的人会不怕困难,不怕挫折,乐观向前。所以,我愿意向青年朋友介绍左宗棠( 1812--1885 )、彭真( 1902--1997 )和纳尔逊·曼德拉。 纳尔逊·曼德拉是南非著名的反种族隔离( anti-apartheid ) 斗士,深受世界各国人民尊重和敬仰。 一、家庭背景 纳尔逊·曼德拉的曾祖父是: Ngubengcuka(born c.1790 — 10 Aug 1830) 。 纳尔逊·曼德拉的父亲是: Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (born ca. 1880, died ca. 1928) 。 纳尔逊·曼德拉的母亲是: Noqaphi Nosekeni (?—died 1968) 。 以下英文引自: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela Mandela was born on 18 July 1918 in the village of Mvezo in Umtata ,then a part of South Africa's Cape Province .Given the forename Rolihlahla, a Xhosa term colloquially meaningtroublemaker, in later years he became known by his clan name,Madiba. His patrilineal great-grandfather, Ngubengcuka ,was ruler of the Thembu people in the TranskeianTerritories of South Africa's modern Eastern Cape province. One of this king's sons, named Mandela, became Nelson's grandfather and the source of his surname. Because Mandela was only the king's child by a wife of the Ixhiba clan ,a so-called Left-Hand House, the descendants of his cadet branch of the royal family were morganatic , ineligible to inherit the throne but recognised as hereditary royal councillors. His father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, was a local chief and councillor to the monarch; he had been appointed to the position in 1915, after his predecessor was accused of corruption by a governing white magistrate. In 1926, Gadla, too, was sacked for corruption, but Nelson was told that he had lost his job for standing up to the magistrate's unreasonable demands. A devotee of the god Qamata ,Gadla was a polygamist ,having four wives, four sons and nine daughters, who lived in different villages. Nelson's mother was Gadla's third wife, Nosekeni Fanny, who was daughter of Nkedama of the Right Hand House and a member of the amaMpemvu clan of Xhosa. 以下两段中文引自: http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89 曼德拉是 騰布王朝 ( Thembu ) 非長子家族 的一員,其統治 南非 開普省 的 特蘭斯凱地區 。他出生於 牡韋佐 ,一個坐落於特蘭斯凱首府 乌姆塔塔 一帶的小村莊。他的父系曾祖父 努班庫卡 ( Ngubengcuka ,逝於 ?? 1832 年),以 國王 ( Inkosi Enkhulu )之姿統治著騰布人。國王其中一個兒子名為曼德拉,成了納爾遜的祖父,也是他的 姓氏 的由來。然而由於他的母親來自於伊克斯伊巴家族( Ixhiba ,所謂的「左方王室」),因此依照傳統,他的後裔並沒有資格繼承騰布的王位。 曼德拉的父親葛德拉·漢瑞·孟伐肯伊斯瓦( Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa ),在牡韋佐城鎮擔任部落 酋長 。然而,由於與殖民當局之間的格格不入,他們奪去了孟伐肯伊斯瓦的地位,並將他的家族移至庫努。儘管如此,孟伐肯伊斯瓦仍然是國王的 樞密院 的一員,擔任瓊金塔巴·達林岱波( Jongintaba Dalindyebo )登上騰布王位的要角。 二、被关押 27 年的反种族隔离斗士 1962 年,纳尔逊·曼德拉因为开展反对种族隔离斗争被捕入狱,开始了长达 27 年的监狱生涯。 1964—1982 年,曼德拉被关押在罗本岛( Robben Island )的秘密监狱长达 18 年之久。 1982—1988 年,曼德拉被关押在 Pollsmoor 监狱。 1988—1990 年,曼德拉被关押在 Victor Verster 监狱,然后获释。 1993 年,曼德拉荣获诺贝尔和平奖。 1994 年,曼德拉当选为南非总统。 2013 年,曼德拉病逝,享年 95 岁。 (孙启高 2014 年 9 月 18 日整理) 相关阅读 -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nelson_Mandela http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngubengcuka http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadla_Henry_Mphakanyiswa http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robben_Island ================ 古植物学生要励志( 1 ) 左宗棠命士兵抬着他的棺材打仗:誓死收复新疆,可歌可泣! http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-826332.html 2014-9-9 23:17 古植物学生要励志( 2 ) 意志坚强的中国政治家彭真( 1902--1997 ) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-827555.html 2014-9-1400:02 古植物学生要励志( 3 ) 反种族隔离斗士 -- 纳尔逊·曼德拉 (Nelson Mandela , 1918—2013) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-828951.html 2014-9-19 05:06
今日,曼德拉先生逝世,致敬,走好!又一个伟人离我们而去了! 曼德拉先生是我很尊敬的几位伟人之一:华盛顿,马丁路德金,曼德拉,周恩来。 拉斯维加斯以赌场(Casino)闻名世界,其中有个赌场叫Mandelay Bay,不知道是否和曼德拉先生有关。 第二,第一次在美国过曼德拉国际日节日,放假。 曼德拉的自传。我看过曼德拉的电影,自己从Clark County图书馆,借的CD。看的泪流满面。 1. The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. 最大的荣耀不是永不跌倒,而是跌到后总能站起来。 2. It always seems impossible until it’s done. 在事情未完成之前,一切都看似不可能。 3. Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. 教育是可以用来改变世界的最强有力的武器。 4. After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. 登上高峰后,你会发现还有更多的山峰要翻越。 5. If you want to make peace with your enemy, you have to work with your enemy. Then he becomes your partner. 若想与敌和平共处,就要与敌并肩作战。敌亦将为友。 6. I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. 我懂得了,勇气不是没有恐惧,而是战胜恐惧。勇者不是感觉不到害怕的人,而是克服自身恐惧的人。 7. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens but its lowest ones. 评判一个国家不应看它如何对待地位最高的民众,而是看它如何对待穷人或一无所有的人。 8. No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite. 没有人生来就因为皮肤颜色、出生地或宗教信仰去恨另一个人。恨需要学习,既然人们能够学会恨,那么同样可以教会他们爱。爱比恨更容易走进人类的内心。 9. If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart. 如果你用一个人听得懂的语言与他交流,他会记在脑子里;如果你用他自己的语言与他交流,他会记在心里。 10. As I walked out the door toward the gate that would lead to my freedom, I knew if I didn't leave my bitterness and hatred behind, I'd still be in prison. 当我走出囚室迈向通往自由的大门时,我已明了:自己若不能把痛苦与怨恨留在身后,那么其实我仍在狱中。
曼德拉 2010/10/2 今天看了一部关于曼德拉的电影,讲的是曼德拉当选为南非总统之初通过橄榄球比赛来改变当时的种族隔离的情况。电影叫着《成事在人》,真的是一部很不错的电影。 写这篇东西的目的就是其中的一句话,到现在我也没有想通,就是橄榄球队队长的一句话:“曼德拉在监狱里关了 30 年,他为什么一出狱就能够原谅这些关他进去的人?”这种原谅需要有多大的决心才能实现?将近 30 年的监狱生活,他是怎么坚持过来的。 其中的一首诗,曼德拉说是这首诗伴随着他走过这那么多年的监狱生活,在他跌倒的时候鼓励他爬起来。有机会找他的自传来看看,真的需要理解这种伟大的精神。 Invictus by William Ernest Henley Out of the night that covers me, Black as the Pit from pole to pole, I thank whatever gods may be For my unconquerable soul. In the fell clutch of circumstance I have not winced nor cried aloud. Under the bludgeonings of chance My head is bloody, but unbowed. Beyond this place of wrath and tears Looms but the Horror of the shade, And yet the menace of the years Finds, and shall find, me unafraid. It matters not how strait the gate, How charged with punishments the scroll, I am the master of my fate: I am the captain of my soul.