突然心血来潮，进入学校图书馆，数据库web of science，输入关键字：autism 结果大概有36,520篇的文献是关于孤独症的。 接着，把countries/territories中限定为China.... 结果意想不到。。。。。 一位数？？？？？？？？？4.。。。。。 差点忘了，China还包括香港，台湾。。。继续。。。 这四篇的第一单位分别是： 1. Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychiat, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China 2. Peking Univ, Inst Mental Hlth, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China 3. Univ Hong Kong, Dept Paediat Adolescent Med, Div Neurodev Paediat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China 4. Univ Hong Kong, Div Neurodev Paediat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China 其中三篇来自于香港大学，一篇来自于北京大学第六医院，精神卫生研究所，做的还基因受体。晕。。。 对了，好像中科院心理研究所陈楚桥 Raymond C.K. Chen刚在Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 这个杂志发表了一篇关于孤独症归因理论的文章。国内的第一篇心理学来研究孤独症的文章发表。。。 Chan, R. C. K., Hu, Z., Cui, J., Wang, Y., McAlonan, G. M. (2011). Social attribution in children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: An exploratory study in the Chinese setting. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
孤独症特征主要表现为社会交往障碍、语言交流技巧障碍，以及重复刻板的行为和狭窄的兴趣。作为目前世界上患病人数增长最快的疾病之一，孤独症越来越受关注，但发病机理依旧是一个谜团，存在争议。到目前为止，没有人了解什么诱发了孤独症，即使处于领域最前沿的研究者，也从未找到最直接的诱因。在以往的研究进展中，研究者获得的结论是，有一种基因显然和孤独症有关。但全球三分之一的人口携带这种基因，并不是所有人都患上孤独症。这种精神病的发作，被确定和环境影响有关。 去年，美国著名学术期刊《环境与健康展望》（ EHP ） 12 月中刊登了一项研究结果，将儿童患孤独症的风险，和母亲孕期所住地段联系起来：如果孕期住在高速公路附近，或儿童是在高速公路附近的房屋里出生，那么这些孩子得孤独症的风险，将比其他孩子高出一倍。至少，这个研究结果证明了环境与孤独症的关联性。 提到环境，我们不能不想到几十年内，变化急剧的人类的生存环境，可以说人类一直处于这种“ chemical soup ”中，特别是神经毒性的化学物质。到底它们怎么对机体造成损伤，到底两者之间是如何相互作用的，可以说我们一概不清。 2010 年，加拿大对国人体内的双酚 A 和铅的含量做了流行病学调查，结果发现，双酚 A 和铅在人体内血液、尿液、毛发中普遍存在。也许“禁止含铅汽油”的缘故，铅的含量有明显下降，而环境雌激素的典型代表——双酚 A 急剧增多。双酚 A 和铅都是神经毒性物质，同时二者也都属于内分泌干扰物，而且在人类生存环境中普遍共存。所以，我构建了低水平的铅和双酚 A 青春期联合暴露的小鼠模型。之所以选择青春期，是因为 “ Adolescence is best defined by characteristic adolescent behaviors that include high levels of risk-taking, high exploration, novelty and sensation seeking, social interaction, high activity and play behaviors that likely promote the acquisition of the necessary skills for maturation and independence ” （ Spear ， 2000 ） 此外，尽管自闭症儿童研究是热点，研究成人“没有吸引力”。但是，成人代表着更大的挑战，成人自闭症对社会的影响更大，更难治疗。社会行为是自闭症的核心特征，其实这也是我研究青春期暴露检测成年社会行为的意义所在。 目前，我的研究结果表明：铅和双酚 A 联合暴露的前期行为学检测表明，雄性小鼠的“社会交往能力”下降，而雌性升高。同时，分子生物学水平表明二者的毒性在雄性表现协同，而在雌性表现拮抗。看来生存不利的风险因子，反而有利于雌性生存。本研究的数据正在处理中，有可能会确定铅和双酚 A 是自闭症的风险因子，同时也会为自闭症的诱因提供了新的认识，更好地解释男性自闭症患者远远超过女性的结论。 本研究的的成果，期望投在《 Environmental Health Perspectives 》(毒理学研究的头牌），但愿后面的实验顺利地发现更多的支持数据。（吼吼，为自己鼓鼓劲，哈哈，我要笑傲科研）。
中加科学家发现孤独症致病基因参与突触发育 http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/1/243466.shtm 非对称突触细胞粘附分子Neuroligin和Neurexin可能参与突触信号传递并与人类认知相关而最引人注目。 Neuroligin 2 Is Required for Synapse Development and Function at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/31/2/687?maxtoshow=hits=10RESULTFORMAT=fulltext=Neuroligin+Neurexinandorexactfulltext=andsearchid=1FIRSTINDEX=0sortspec=dateresourcetype=HWCIT http://arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu/cgi-bin/arrowsmith_uic/edit_b.cgi Start A-Literature C-Literature B-list Filter Literature A-query: Neuroligin or Neurexin C-query: Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction The B-list contains title words and phrases (terms) that appeared in both the A and the C literature. 8 articles appeared in both literatures and were not included in the process of computing the B-list but can be viewed here . The results of this search are saved under id # 15769 and can be accessed from the start page after you leave this session. There are 103 terms on the current B-list ( 33 are predicted to be relevant), which is shown ranked according to predicted relevance. The list can be further trimmed down using the filters listed in the left margin. To assess whether there appears to be a biologically significant relationship between the AB and BC literatures for specific B-terms, please select one or more B-terms and then click the button to view the corresponding AB and BC literatures. Use Ctrl to select multiple B-terms. job id # 15769 started Sat Jan 29 04:39:17 2011 Max_citations: 50000 Stoplist: /var/www/html/arrowsmith_uic/data/stopwords_pubmed Ngram_max: 3 15769 Search ARROWSMITH A A_query_raw: Neuroligin or NeurexinSat Jan 29 04:39:30 2011 A query = Neuroligin or Neurexin started Sat Jan 29 04:39:31 2011 A query resulted in 435 titles 15769 Search ARROWSMITH C C_query_raw: Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction Sat Jan 29 04:40:21 2011 C: Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction 766 A: pubmed_query_A 435 AC: ( Neuroligin or Neurexin ) AND ( Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction ) 8 C query = Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction started Sat Jan 29 04:40:21 2011 C query resulted in 766 titles A AND C query resulted in 8 titles 704 B-terms ready on Sat Jan 29 04:40:33 2011 Sem_filter: Genes Molecular Sequences, and Gene Protein Names 103 B-terms left after filter executed Sat Jan 29 04:42:12 2011 B-list on Sat Jan 29 04:47:02 2011 1 synaptotagmin 2 dystroglycan 3 synaptotagmin i 4 microrna 5 lin-7 6 genome wide 7 bmp 8 syntaxin 9 dysbindin 10 syndecan 11 agrin 12 ankyrin 13 calmodulin 14 glutamate receptor 15 dlg 16 syt 17 cell adhesion molecule 18 neuregulin 19 tgf beta 20 cask 21 potassium channel 22 cdna 23 laminin 24 neuropeptide 25 transcription factor 26 cadherin 27 glia 28 gene encoding 29 susceptibility gene 30 transporter 31 protein tyrosine phosphatase 32 isoform 33 choline acetyltransferase
http://www.gopubmed.org/web/gopubmed/1?WEB019pj8505n5huhIuI1I00f01000j10040001rl 1,644 documents semantically analyzed top author statistics 1 2 Top Years Publications 2008 226 2007 223 2009 197 2006 180 2005 128 2004 121 2003 113 2002 82 2001 77 2000 57 1999 39 2010 34 1997 24 1996 22 1998 19 1991 18 1994 17 1992 16 1995 10 1993 10 1 2 1 2 Top Countries Publications USA 509 United Kingdom 279 Japan 90 Canada 86 Australia 81 Sweden 70 Netherlands 59 Germany 44 Finland 43 China 40 Israel 30 France 26 Belgium 21 Italy 21 Spain 16 Brazil 13 Norway 12 Ireland 8 New Zealand 7 Turkey 6 1 2 1 2 3 ... 15 Top Cities Publications London 103 Cambridge 55 Gothenburg 42 Pittsburgh 38 Laizhou 36 Montreal 32 Helsinki 30 New Haven 28 New York 28 Boston 24 San Diego 22 Tokyo 20 Utrecht 19 Ann Arbor 17 Hamilton, Canada 17 Baltimore 16 Ghent 15 Chapel Hill 14 Ramat Gan 13 Nijmegen 13 1 2 3 ... 15 1 2 3 ... 19 Top Journals Publications J Autism Dev Disord 383 Autism 90 J Child Psychol Psychiatry 75 Dev Med Child Neurol 39 Neuropsychologia 33 Nippon Rinsho 28 Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 27 J Am Acad Child Psy 21 Lakartidningen 19 Brain 18 Brain Cognition 16 Biol Psychiat 15 Am J Psychiat 15 Neuroimage 14 Autism Res 14 Psychol Med 13 Psychiat Clin Neuros 12 Psychiat Res 11 J Child Neurol 11 Brit J Psychiat 11 1 2 3 ... 19 1 2 3 ... 120 Top Terms Publications Humans 1,532 Autistic Disorder 1,278 Asperger Syndrome 1,177 Child 1,094 Syndrome 803 Adolescent 753 Adult 632 Diagnosis 378 Child, Preschool 300 Intelligence 268 Language 229 Neuropsychological Tests 225 asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity 214 Patients 210 Parents 210 Interpersonal Relations 206 Child Development Disorders, Pervasive 198 Diagnosis, Differential 185 Social Behavior 172 Severity of Illness Index 166 1 2 3 ... 120 1 2 3 ... 226 Top Authors Publications Baron-Cohen S 57 Gillberg C 39 Minshew N 37 Wheelwright S 28 Volkmar F 24 Mottron L 23 Nieminen-von Wendt T 23 Von Wendt L 21 Szatmari P 20 Klin A 19 Van Engeland H 18 Goldstein G 15 Roeyers H 14 Bradshaw J 13 Happ F 13 Bowler D 13 Ghaziuddin M 13 Poustka F 12 Gardiner J 11 Ozonoff S 11 1 2 3 ... 226 最新研究报道 http://news.sciencenet.cn//htmlnews/2010/2/228456.shtm PNAS：注射催产素有助于缓解孤独症症状 法国国家科研中心的研究人员日前通过试验发现，注射催产素能够显著缓解孤独症患者的症状，这一发现将为医学界开发治疗孤独症的药物提供新思路。 法国研究人员在最新一期的美国《国家科学院学报》（ PNAS ）上报告说，催产素是脑下垂体后叶分泌的一种激素，它不但能促进临产孕妇的子宫收缩，帮助其分娩，还在人的社会行为和情感表达中起着关键作用。此前曾有研究发现，孤独症患者血液中催产素的含量严重不足。 为了进一步证实催产素对人的社交行为的影响，由安杰拉西里古领导的科研小组给13名孤独症患者注射了催产素，这些患者具有正常的智力和语言水平，但无法主动参与社交活动，比如在与其他人的谈话中，他们会尽量避免与对话者进行眼神的交流。科研人员随后通过传球游戏等试验发现，注射了催产素的孤独症患者社交恐惧感有所减轻，更喜欢与他人玩耍，表现得更自信。 科研人员下一步将对催产素的长效机制及其对孤独症早期症状改善的有效性进行研究。 更多阅读 美国《国家科学院学报》相关论文摘要（英文） 美国《发现》杂志相关报道（英文） 研究发现催产素有助于缓解羞怯和焦虑 http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/02/05/0910249107.abstract Promoting social behavior with oxytocin in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders Elissar Andari a , Jean-Ren Duhamel a , Tiziana Zalla b , Evelyn Herbrecht b , Marion Leboyer b , and Angela Sirigu a , 1 + Author Affiliations a Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, Unit Mixte de Recherche 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron, France; and b Institut National de la Sant et de la Recherche Mdicale U 841, Department of Psychiatry, Hpital Chenevier-Mondor, 94000 Crteil, France Edited by Leslie G. Ungerleider, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, and approved January 7, 2010 (received for review September 8, 2009) Abstract Social adaptation requires specific cognitive and emotional competences. Individuals with high-functioning autism or with Asperger syndrome cannot understand or engage in social situations despite preserved intellectual abilities. Recently, it has been suggested that oxytocin, a hormone known to promote mother-infant bonds, may be implicated in the social deficit of autism. We investigated the behavioral effects of oxytocin in 13 subjects with autism. In a simulated ball game where participants interacted with fictitious partners, we found that after oxytocin inhalation, patients exhibited stronger interactions with the most socially cooperative partner and reported enhanced feelings of trust and preference. Also, during free viewing of pictures of faces, oxytocin selectively increased patients gazing time on the socially informative region of the face, namely the eyes. Thus, under oxytocin, patients respond more strongly to others and exhibit more appropriate social behavior and affect, suggesting a therapeutic potential of oxytocin through its action on a core dimension of autism.
2008年新创刊的Autism Research《孤独症研究》， I SSN: 1939-3792，双月刊，2009年入选 Web of Science的Science Citation Index Expanded和Social Sciences Citation Index，JOHN WILEY SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, USA, NJ, 07030出版，目前在SCI和SSCI数据库可以检索到该期刊2008年的第1卷第1期到2009年的第2卷第4期共60篇论文。 60 篇论文的主要国家分布： 美国44篇、英国7篇、 加拿大 3 篇、 意大利3篇、 德国 2 篇、 比利时6篇、西班牙5篇、澳大利亚3篇、孟加拉国2篇、韩国2篇等. Autism Research《孤独症研究》网址： http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/116308170/home 作者投稿指南： http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/116308170/home/ForAuthors.html 在线投稿： http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/autismresearch Editorial Board E D I T O R - I N - C H I E F Anthony J. Bailey, M.D. Cheryl and Reece Scott Professor of Psychiatry University of Oxford A S S O C I A T E E D I T O R S Sally J. Rogers The M.I.N.D. Institute University of California, Davis Sacramento, CA Robert T. Schultz Director, Center for Autism Research Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA James S. Sutcliffe Vanderbilt Kennedy Center Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W E D I T O R Edwin H. Cook, Jr. Institute for Juvenile Research University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL E D I T O R I A L R E C E I V I N G O F F I C E Autism Research Editorial Receiving Office 111 River Street MS 8-02 Hoboken, NJ 07030-5744 USA P: 201-748-6484 F: 201-748-5931 autismres@wiley.com
标签: 孤独症
