只有蠢人,才是他一个人,或者邀集一堆人,不作调查,而只是冥思苦索地“想办法”,“打主意”。须知这是一定不能想出什么好办法,打出什么好主意的。换一句话说,他一定要产生错办法和错主意。 毛泽东,《反对本本主义》,一九三○年五月, http://www.qstheory.cn/books/2016-08/24/c_1119448591_7.htm 牛顿、爱因斯坦“奇迹年”的共同点有哪些? “奇迹年”的拉丁语是 Annus mirabilis (pl. anni mirabiles)。 牛顿、爱因斯坦“奇迹年”的共同点:(1)没有科研费。(2)没有同行评议。 牛顿、爱因斯坦“奇迹年”的其它的共同点有哪些? 一、科学上的一些“奇迹年” (1)科学诞生 1543,维萨里与哥白尼 安德烈·维萨里( Andreas Vesalius,1514-12-31 ~ 1564-10-15 ),著名医生、解剖学家,近代人体解剖学的创始人,与哥白尼齐名,是科学革命的两大代表人物之一。 1543 – The year of science Andreas Vesalius published De humani corporis fabrica (On the Fabric of the Human Body) in Basel, which revolutionised the science of human anatomy and the practice of medicine. Nicolaus Copernicus published De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) in Nuremberg, Germany, which eventually altered the science of astronomy forever. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Andreas-Vesalius https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicolaus-Copernicus (2)牛顿1666 1666 – The year of wonders, Isaac Newton In the year 1666, Isaac Newton made revolutionary inventions and discoveries in calculus, motion, optics and gravitation. As such, it has later been called Isaac Newton's Annus Mirabilis. It was in this year that Isaac Newton was alleged to have observed an apple falling from a tree, and in which he in any case hit upon the law of universal gravitation (Newton's apple). He was afforded the time to work on his theories due to the closure of Cambridge University by an outbreak of plague. (3)爱因斯坦 1905 1905 – Albert Einstein The year 1905 has often been linked to the term annus mirabilis, as it was in this year that Albert Einstein made important discoveries concerning the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, the special theory of relativity, and the famous E = mc2 equation. His four articles, collectively known as his Annus Mirabilis papers, were published in Annalen der Physik, all in 1905. 二、百业英才,各自有哪些基本特征?这些特征与各个时期的教育有怎样的关系? “我们应当尊敬的是凭真理的力量统治人心的人,而不是依靠暴力来奴役人的人,是认识宇宙的人,而不是歪曲宇宙的人。” 三、真理是客观的 真理可能在少数人一边。---柏拉图(希腊) 没有一个人能全面把握真理。---亚里士多德(希腊) 谬误的好处是一时的,真理的好处是永久的;真理有弊病时,这些弊病是很快就会消灭的,而谬误的弊病则与谬误始终相随。---狄德罗(法国) 历史告诫我们说,一种崭新的真理惯常的命运是:始于异端,终于迷信。---赫胥黎(英国) 真理往往掌握在少数人手里。---列宁(苏联)。 求出处,似为话剧台词,不是列宁原话。 他杀,往往是自杀。 自杀,常常是他杀。 竭尽全力,去阻碍人类文明的进步,去争做历史的罪人? https://cdn.britannica.com/s:s:300x200/09/75509-004-CFE09F17.jpg 爱因斯坦: 在真理和认识方面,任何以权威者自居的人,必将在上帝的戏笑中垮台! 一个人的价值,应当看他贡献什么,而不应当看他取得什么。 相关链接: Annus mirabilis, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annus_mirabilis#1759_%E2%80%93_William_Pitt 维萨里,百度百科 https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BB%B4%E8%90%A8%E9%87%8C 江晓原,2009-12-28,爱因斯坦:曾经的超级“民科” http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_485f2bc80100gyz0.html 爱因斯坦:曾经的超级“民科”--《创新时代》2011年11期 http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-CXSD201111053.htm 施郁,2017-10-15,爱因斯坦奇迹年的五篇论文 精选 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-4395-1080881.html 2018-03-14,牛顿、爱因斯坦“奇迹年”的直接原因:没有“同行评议” http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1103814.html 2018-09-13, 教育:什么是正确的教育?怎样实现正确的教育? http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1134603.html 2018-12-08, 教育之母,是谁? http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-107667-1150581.html https://www.britannica.com/biography/Albert-Einstein/images-videos/media/181349/69360 感谢您的指教! 感谢您指正以上任何错误! 感谢您提供更多的相关资料!