Writing a PhD thesis is like climbing a high mountain in unknown terrain. There are many ups and downs on the way to the summit, and sometimes you think you will never reach it, especially if the summit is temporarily out of sight because you have somehow lost the orientation in the vast amount of academic literature and related problems. The best method to reach the summit was not to look at it permanently, but only to watch your steps on the way to the next peak, like a conference paper or a journal article. In the end, if you have to put things together and to prove that your initial idea did not lead into no man’s land, but did help you to discover some new route in the “terra icognita” of the scientific landscape, the air will be very thin. The last meters are in particular so exhausting that you hardly can enjoy the view from above when you have finally reached the summit. —— Schwind M. Dynamic Pricing and Automated Resource Allocation for Complex Information Services: Reinforcement Learning and Combinatorial Auctions . Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007.
OA 资源目前包括开放出版和开放存储两种类型,其中开放出版为目录比较常见的 OA 期刊和 OA 图书,此两种资源均需由出版机构主导方可发布到相应的出版社平台上供检索使用,并同时向作者收取一定出版费用。 另外一种开放存储模式则是由研究机构主导,打破了出版机构对知识发布的资源垄断及定价模式,更为自由也更 加符合学术研究的公平原则。作者可以自由的将研究成果和论文发布在机构知识库或是公开的网络平台上以供大家免费获取。该类型资源的主要类型包括:学位论文、预印本、研究报告、会议录、开放课件等 OA 资源。资源形式也不仅局限于文字资料,音、视频等多媒体资源也包含其中。 在各类论文资源中,学位论文相比一般普通学术论文和期刊、会议论文而言更具有系统性,如以纸本形式出现的话均单本成册,相当于一本独立的图书。对整个研究过程进行详尽描述,对研究问题进行了系统的知识整理,学术价值更高。 日前,有关方 研制并发布了国内第一个开放获取学位论文系统 -OADT ( OADissertation Thesis )。 OADT(OA Dissertation Thesis)国际博硕学位论文实时发现系统主要收集、整合来自欧美国家为首的五大洲1500多所知名大学的280多万篇开放存取的优秀博硕士学位论文(高校和收录资源量后续会持续更新)。 涉及中图分类法 22 大类中的各个学科,并能智能自动实时更新,并长期保存。 OADT 系统与 OA 资源发布机构保持同步更新,只要是在网络上公开发表的 OA 资源,且本机构已被收录入 OADT 高校名录中,即可实时检索、获取他们发布的 OA 资源。 OADT 收录资源均来自 著名大学 ,如美国的哈佛、耶鲁、斯坦福、麻省理工、哥伦比亚、杜克、西北以及欧洲的剑桥、牛津、帝国理工、欧洲工商管理学院、巴黎大学、柏林大学等。其中 26 所著名大学的 OA 资源是 金色 OA 资源和预印本资源。 OADT 所采集的资源均为互联网上可以公开获取和下载保存的 OA 资源和免费资源,系统最后的检索结果指向最终获取全文的机构链接,通过该链接页面可以免费下载全文,无需再次登录,不涉及版权问题。
根据不同的机构要求,您可以通过出版一系列论文或者撰写一部厚书式的论文来完成博士学位。本文针对那些花费几个月时间完成一篇数百页论文的人。我们可能会为论文最终出世感到骄傲,但我们随后会意识到:大多数研究者更愿意阅读这项研究中特定的那部分:可能是一份10页长的论文,而不是费力翻看400页的成果。只有与您相同的博士生,才愿意读完并花费整周时间理解它……因此,对于大多数厚书式论文作者来说,就需要在论文发表后,重新审视所有的材料,将一篇学位论文变为多篇期刊论文。如果您足够幸运找到一个研究型的博士后职位,您就拥有(或者至少,您认为您有)充足时间撰写论文。如果您涉足其他行业,那么您就只能在晚上或者周末才能进行论文写作了。不考虑时间限制,将您的学位论文转化为期刊文章仍是非常有价值的事情。在论文答辩结束后的两年,我就要完成论文改写了(一些论文发表了,有一些在评审,还有的正在写作)。下面是我这段经历的一些总结。 1 、做好计划 在毕业后,生活日常将接管一切。您可能会更换工作,搬到其他地方、城市甚至国家,您可能开始把这些论文抛诸脑后。趁您的论文还未尘封,花些时间想想下面的问题: ——哪一章/节可以作为一篇不错的期刊论文? ——我该向哪一本杂志投稿? ——我应该花费多少时间写这篇论文? 之后您便可以开始一篇一篇地规划。我一直在用谷歌电子表格罗列论文概述、想投稿的期刊还有自己规定的最后期限。我的目标是每年完成六篇初稿,但是有几个月时间我完全都是在处理审稿人意见,提供新项目的研究报告或者从事教学工作。我通常给我的合作作者(最多)一个月时间反馈他们的意见。不过这些反馈经常很有限,我需要花费一个上午作出修改之后再提交。 只要前一篇草稿完成,我就会开始着手下一篇(或回复审稿人的意见、反复修改手稿),因此,我的写作、修改、发送给共同作者和提交过程环环相扣、紧密相连。 2 、招募优秀合作作者 既然您与论文委员会成员合作得十分愉快,也落实他们对您学位论文终稿的修改建议。您研究中是否有某个部分尤其收益于他们?如果您打算撰写一个此主题的论文,考虑一下邀请该委员会成员作为合作作者。 与其他作者合著比和导师完成对你的写作更有益,这一方式通常在大多数领域广受欢迎。与不同的作者一起发表文章表明,你具备同研究团体和大学人员一起研究的能力,并准备把触角伸到世界性的工作。 3 、记住不是所有论文生而相同 您学位论文中可能只有不多的部分可以直接扩展成新论文。而当您强行试着将研究的一部分改写成另外的独立论文时,您可能会焦虑和叹息。不要为自己或论文成品感到崩溃——试着接受事实。如果您经受了太多挫折,您可以去健身房,吃点巧克力,或者做些能缓解压力的事情。 原文作者: Eva Lantsoght, Assistant Professor, Universidad San Francisco de Quito 点击阅读英文原文 其他相关文章: 如何找到适合你的学术导师? 如何构建科技论文初步框架
The quality of education today will form the quality of lives of our nations in the future. Maybe the information contained in this mail will be a little bit interesting for you. It shows the impact of the implementation of centralized (nationwide) repository of theses and dissertations together with centralized (nationwide) anti-plagiarism system at higher education institutions. And there are the links speaking about the process of building a nationwide barrier against the spread of plagiarism at higher education institutions. It is unique and unprecedented solution that bears fruit (more details see below). International research project “Impact of Policies for Plagiarism in Higher Education Across Europe” (IPPHEAE, EU funded, 2010-2013, Project Lead Partner: Coventry University, United Kingdom) carried out a survey in all EU countries. Country reports for 27 EU countries are accessible on the internet site http://ippheae.eu/project-results . In the report “Plagiarism Policies in Slovakia” you can read this ( http://ippheae.eu/images/results/2013_12_pdf/D2-3-26%20SK%20IPPHEAE%20MENDELU%20Survey%20SlovakiaNarrative%20FINAL.pdf ): “There were some notable differences between the Slovak surveys and the EU average. Almost all Slovak students (99 %!) become aware of plagiarism before or during their bachelor studies. The EU average shows that 20% of students become aware of plagiarism during their masters/PhD degree or are still not sure about it.” ... Slovak students are the most aware of plagiarism among all EU countries The most outstanding example of good practice is definitely the existence of national repository of theses. As it is run centrally and universities are obliged to upload their theses, students from all institutions have theoretically the same conditions. The other aspect is that the software tool provides just a protocol for matching with other sources. The decision about whether a given case is plagiarism or not lies with teachers and/or the examination committee and these may not always follow the same procedures. Compared to other countries, Slovakia should be praised for its achievements. And it already was: The European Commission has awarded the Slovak Centre of Scientific and Technical Information the European Prize for Innovation in Public Administration. http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/index_en.cfm?section=admin-innovatorspg=home The responses from Slovak students demonstrated the highest level of understanding about plagiarism within the whole Europe. Their unwillingness (in comparison with other countries) to receive more training on plagiarism is therefore understandable. The research team of the IPPHEAE project would also like to praise Slovakia for existence of national repository of theses and built-in plagiarism detection tools. Centrum vedecko-technickych informácií SR (in English: Slovak Centre of Scientific and Technical Information is directly managed by Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport; http://www.cvtisr.sk/en.html?page_id=58 ) is the operator of nationwide Central Repository of Theses and Dissertations and nationwide Plagiarism Detection System since 2010. All Slovak higher education institutions are obligatory users of both systems. Five types of theses are collected in the Central Repository - bachelor’s, master’s, dissertation, rigorous and habilitation theses. We are ready to share our experiences. More information you can find in these papers: The path to an award-winning antiplagiarism system for higher education institutions SciLogs, posted by Shannon Bohle, 2014 Available at: http://www.scilogs.com/scientific_and_medical_libraries/the-path-to-an-award-winning-antiplagiarism-system-for-higher-education-institutions/ Strategies and responses to plagiarism in Slovakia PLAGIARISM ACROSS EUROPE AND BEYOND - Conference Proceedings, 2013, pp. 201-215 Available at: http://ippheae.pefka.mendelu.cz/files/proceedings.pdf . The Occurrence of the Terms akademická etika and akademická integrita in Texts on the Internet and in the Media SciTech Blog, 2013. Available at: http://ncpvat.cvtisr.sk/buxus/generate_page.php?page_id=938 . Barrier to thriving plagiarism Conference paper - The 5th International Plagiarism Conference, 2012. Available at: http://plagiarismadvice.org/research-papers/item/barrier-to-thriving-plagiarism A “small doctorate” can be received by a person with a master’s degree. It requires that a candidate passes rigorous examination and defends his/her thesis. A prerequisite for the granting of the scientific-pedagogical degree “docent” (assistant professor) is habilitation lecture, submission and defense of the habilitation thesis.
湖南大学的“土著”刘全慧老师是令我敬仰的学者之一,他有海外经历( 国际理论物理中心 , 意大利 regular associate ) ,见过世面,最近他因指出著名物理学家温伯格的一本教科书的错误,而 赢了温伯格先生一本签名赠书 , 我肯定做物理的人一定很羡慕(包括我)。 刘教授在科学网如同在 arXiv ,产出多且好文不断,昨天又看到他在科学网的置顶博文 张益唐不是学生的榜样,而你要成为学生的榜样 。他预印本网站的论文,我是看不懂因专业不同,只能看热闹,但其博文内容是通俗的,我是可以读懂的,对于文中第三段中以下内容 “ 她的发表论文清单: Ann. Phys. (N.Y) 一篇, Phys. Rev. A 一篇, International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 两篇,其它四区 SCI 论文两篇 , 一篇在审理,一篇还在修改中。” 阅后有些感想。 看来,刘教授的这位学生不是什么“五毛”党灌水之流,如其所言确实发了多篇好文章,这引起了我的好奇,于是放狗,简单地查了这些论文,相关网页给出如下信息: 1)首先是 arXiv 有5篇文章 2)其次是 frontiers ,和其学生相关是前两篇文章 于是很容易地凑出刘老师所说的6篇文章: 1. Can the canonical quantization be accomplished within the intrinsic geometry? D. M. Xun , Q. H. Liu 2. Quantum motion on a torus as a submanifold problem in a generalized Dirac's theory of second-class constraints. D. M. Xun , Q. H. Liu , X. M. Zhu 3. Geometric momentum in the Monge parametrization of two dimensional sphere. D. M. Xun , Q. H. Liu 4. Geometric Momentum: the Proper Momentum for a Free Particle on a Two-dimensional Sphere. Q.H.Liu , L. H. Tang , D. M. Xun , Phys. Rev. A 84(2011)042101 5. A simple realization of gl(2,c) Lie algebra with vector operators on sphere. Q. H. Liu , X. P. Rong , D. M. Xun 6. Q.H. Liu, Y. Shen, D. M. Xun and X. Wang, On Relation Between Geometric Momentum and Annihilation Operators On A Two-Dimensional Sphere, International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 10 (2013) 1320007 如果如上信息属实,而且没有遗漏(愿意修改),可以看到后三篇第一作者是刘教授本人,注意我相信后三篇刘教授做了主要工作,如其在以上博文中第五部分所言:“如果你招了一位学生,总也过不了科研关,你就应该替他写篇论文。如果他能因此了解科研的全过程,也能弄懂论文的内容并通过答辩,也算勉强合格。” 由此衍生出一个问题:学生申请博士或硕士,可以用不是第一作者的文章作为学位论文的一部分吗?尽管我知道刘教授的情况一定没有上述问题,注意我必须说清,否则刘教授可以告我诽谤,无论我们在科学网多么“臭味相投”,因此如是,我的这篇博文一定是免责的,以下内容和刘全慧教授的博文内容无关,他的博文只是引起了我的遐想 学生用不是第一作者的研究工作在中国申请学位,或许是约定俗成的,是潜规则,不是有些学校,要求学生发表文章导师做第一作者吗? 见肖重发的博文 【立此存照】:东北大学张廷安院长致青年教师的一封公开信! 也是昨天曹、李、李、刘四人发了篇Science,谈及中国的科研体制问题,尽管言之凿凿,但似乎没有多言科研之操守问题,中国的问题除了体制以外,如陈安所谓“老生常谈”,大学和科研机构学术行为不端是个不可遗漏的严重问题,其中之一就是研究工作的混乱署名。 那么国外是如何做的呢,我相信也一定和中国一样存在同样问题,要不怎么会有李杨之争呢,在那里似乎谁来执笔就可做第一作者。 前不久赵大良老师讨论 有人倒霉在博硕论文再发表上了 , 在看了 李小文老师博文 后,我找到 Cornell University 的 Thesis and Dissertation Guide,其中16页解释了博士学位论文和已发表、投稿和将投稿 paper 的关系,强调必须是独立作者或第一作者(能够这样做的专业有限制,其附录B给出了。)以下为 康奈尔论文指南中相关内容(16页) 1. WRITE A DISSERTATION OR THESIS VS. COLLATE PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED RESEARCH PAPERS? A “papers option” is available only to students in certain fields, which are listed in Appendix B, or by approved petition. If you choose the papers option, your dissertation or thesis is organized as a series of relatively independent chapters or papers that you have submitted or will be submitting to journals in the field. You must be the only author or the first author of the papers to be used in the dissertation. The papers-option dissertation (博士论文) or thesis (硕士论文)must meet all format and submission requirements, and a singular referencing convention must be used throughout. 因此,按照康奈尔的说法,如果我理解的正确,赵大良老师博文中的当事人可能涉嫌学术不端。 Cornell University的 Thesis and Dissertation Guide的链接 http://www.gradschool.cornell.edu/pubs_and_forms/pubs/thesisbook.pdf 我希望中国的科研机构应该向世界高水平、信誉良好的大学学习如 康奈尔,申请学位,导师不可以成为学生的打工仔,导师的工作不可以用来帮助学生申请学位。 PS 请别指责我人肉行为,如果有异议,愿意应要求删除此文。
一、学位论文 1、麻省理工学院本科、硕士、博士论文免费下载 http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582 香港大学硕博论文,下载全文 http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC/JHSR/ 美国斯坦福大学免费全文资源 HighWire Press http://highwire.stanford.edu/ 学科分类 生物/化学 物理 综合 简介:HighWire出版社是美国斯坦福大学创立。它自称拥有全球最大的免费全文学术文献库。通过题名作者 /组配/ topic map进行检索。 包含学科:生命科学,医学,物理学,社会科学。1129种期刊 4737282全文 1876531篇免费。 2、本人经常用的国外硕博论文全文下载(超好用!) 快速检索 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/etd-search.html 按作者名检 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/browse/by_author/ 按系(专业)检索 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/browse/by_department 另外 ,提供给大家一个国外图书馆网址,San Francisco Public Library 的资源,也很不错: http://ezproxy.sfpl.org/login BraveHeart在2008-4-22 20:51:50增加: 台湾中央研究院图书馆, 可下载台湾硕博士论文 http://www.sinica.edu.tw/~libserv/aslib/database/database1.html University of Campinas Faculty of Education http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uchsc/main University of Florida http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/etd.html University of Pretoria : Electronic Theses and Dissertations http://upetd.up.ac.za/ University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez Campus http://grad.uprm.edu/tesisdigitales.htm University of Tennessee, Knoxville http://www.lib.utk.edu:90/cgi-perl/dbBroker.cgi?help=148 University of South Florida http://www.lib.usf.edu/cgi-bin/ETD-db/ETD-search/search UW Electronic Thesis Database http://etheses.uwaterloo.ca/ Uppsala Universitiet http://publications.uu.se/theses/ Virginia Commonwealth University http://etd.vcu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Worcester Polytechnic Institute http://www.wpi.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The Pennsylvania State University's electronic Theses and Dissertations Archives http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search North Carolina State University http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The New Jersey Institute of Technology's Electronic Theses Dissertations http://www.library.njit.edu/etd/index.cfm University of Mississippi Rowland Medical Library http://library.umsmed.edu/free-e_res.htm#Journals http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/ http://library.wustl.edu/subjects/life/books.html http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search 香港大学 http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/main.jsp http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC/JHSR/ http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section13/sec13.jsp 澳大利亚博硕论文(很多可看全文) http://adt.caul.edu.au/ 希望大家使用愉快! 二、期刊杂志 1、Nature 下载网址 http://www.westmagz.com/default.asp?cat=1 整本下载 Science下载网址 http://www.westmagz.com/default.asp?cat=46 整本下载 需要能够访问外国网站 在这个网站你还可以下载许多其它国外的杂志。 2、一个英文文献搜索引擎,试用过,可以下很多文献 http://www.openj-gate.org/ 试用后感觉是一个链接很多其他搜索引擎和期刊的东东,尤其一些外文期刊,可以看到最新的,一期一期看,完全free,呵呵 3、free e-print service http://herald.iop.org/conmat/m163/exl//link/550 eprintweb.org is THE quickest and easiest way to track e-prints in your area. It's updated daily and is free to read. 可以下载全文。 查找后部分可能无法通过点击'full text'下载,但可以先点击'abstract,进入后再点右侧'PDF'下载。 4、一个可以搜索1千万免费全文文献的搜索引擎(极好用) 非常好的一个搜索引擎,可以搜索免费全文文献。 http://www.findarticles.com/ 本文来自CSDN博客, http://blog.csdn.net/chenyusiyuan/archive/2008/12/12/3505611.aspx
昨天在科学网首页上看到一篇《猜猜谁造假》的标题,没等看作者是谁就进去看了看,一看才知是我们饶院长在他博客上新发的( 2010-7-24 9:39:38 )一篇博文( http://www.sciencenet.cn/m/user_content.aspx?id=346847 )。正好比我转载新浪网 pentax 和 刘实的博文早了 2 小时零 10 分钟多点( 2010-7-24 11:48:47 )。所以我作为北大生科院退休的教授有义务回答我们院长的提问。既然我们院长说了我们院没有叫 Yun Rao 的教授,那肯定这个名字是造假,但如果说投诉人肯定不是我们院的教授,我觉得证据还不足。另外,从匿名信的正文看其英文写作能力比我强,而且从名字看好像是姓 Rao (中国姓 Yun 的好像不多),那他(或她)的姓名顺序是按西方人的习惯写的,因此他(或她)不可能不知道西方习惯将 title 放在姓名前的,而且他(或她)写的 title 中还是先写 Dr. 后写 Professor ,也符合西方习惯。所以我觉得他(或她)是有意这么写,以显示匿名。但他太信任美国生化杂志了,竟然没有提供直接证据,让编辑们去看原文,能看出造假吗?如果一眼就能看出来当初他们还敢发表吗?还有一点让我奇怪,美国生化杂志编辑部如果对自己的杂志信誉负责的话,应该是先向揭发人求取文章造假的证据,而不应该先向揭发人 单位 查证有无此人,这好像也不符合西方文化的习惯,倒有点像中国官场上某些大贪官的做法。而且更奇怪的是这竟成了你断定他(或她)不是北大教授的证据。从你文中的口气看你好像与方舟子的关系不一般(我只是猜),但是我觉得作为北大生科院的院长应该先查一查方是民论文中的图 4B 和 C 是否是如投诉信中所说是拼出来的再下结论,而不应因为投诉人用了假名字就肯定是诬陷。据我所知,现在我国最高人民检察院规定了保护匿名揭发人,而且对匿名揭发的案件一定要调查。我现在向你证实,揭发人揭发的是事实。造假的就是方是民,即方舟子。我转载的博文中有原揭发人新浪博主 pentax 将方文中图 4C 的放大复原图,现在再次放在文后,请你和诸位网友鉴别,其中左边的胶版照片是由两张拼成的,右边的胶板照片是由三张拼成的,根据我在生科院教了多年生物摄影课的经验可以断定,他是用放大的照片拼成后再翻拍缩小而成(如果当时方所在的实验室也像中国一样没有 Photoshop 软件的话),因为文中照片太小,审稿人(包括博士论文评审人)出于对作者导师的信任是不可能去放大复原核对的,所以靠低分辨率骗过了他们的眼睛,但这一点是不可能骗过他的导师的,所以他的导师在给刘实的回信中间接承认这些图是拼成的(见我转载的刘实的第二篇博文《 被疑论文数据造假:方舟子沉默不语,其导师间接承认 》 (http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_502041670100jz95.htm) )。我想这可能是文章为什么在方毕业后多年才发的原因,也可能是文章中没有其他人署名的原因,但他的导师为什么最终同意他送出去发表,那只有问他的导师了。我在职期间,不仅我,而且北大生科院(我想其他院校也是一样)任何一位真正做学问的教授都不会允许自己的学生在学位论文或发表的论文中用这种造假照片,如果美国生化杂志认为这种照片不是造假可以发表,那它就是千年杂志万年杂志在我和广大生物学工作者眼里也将变得一文不值,难道你还认为它是享誉全球吗?如果这种拼接的照片不算造假,黄禹锡的造假案也该翻了,华南虎造假照片的案也该翻了。如果你承认我说的是事实,还认为那位匿名揭发的人是诬陷吗,是在给北大生科院抹黑吗? 附:饶毅原文 猜猜谁造假 美国《生物化学杂志》( JBC )是国际生物化学界享誉百年的主要杂志。近日,其编委会收到一封奇怪的电子邮件,投诉方是民(笔名方舟子)十四年前的论文。 投诉者给自己取名 Yun Rao ,号称是北京大学生命科学学院的教授,用 gmail 与杂志编委会联系(内容见附件)。 编委会发现,我也向他们证实:北京大学生命科学学院没有叫 Yun Rao 的教授。编委会也发现方是民的论文没有造假。国际科学界,不会让通过诬陷来抹黑的人得逞,这和中国目前的文化不同。世无完人,方舟子肯定有错的时候。做错的时候,不妨批评。但如果有谁相信捏造的谎言,一定是本身有问题。投诉者以北大教授名义给重要杂志编委发出有问题的英文信件,是想让北大在国际同行面前出洋相? 投诉者不知道信件末尾 教授 如何规范排列,也不知道论文如果出现造假其后惩罚的常规做法和相关用词,竟然要正规机构 trash 一篇论文。是投诉者造假、还是方是民造假,可能不是很难回答的问题?投诉者编造自己的名字、工作单位和北大教授头衔,反映了什么,可能也不难辨别? 附 From: Rao Yun Sent: Thursday, July 22, 2010 8:42 AM Subject: A paper with fake data Dear Editor: We read a paper entitled RNA Polymerase II-associated Protein (RAP) 74 Binds Transcription Factor (TF) IIB and Blocks TFIIB-RAP30 Binding published on Vol 271, No. 20, Issue of May 17, pp. 11703-11709, 1996, JBC. We suspect that the data in Figure 4B and 4C were artificially spelled out. By using a high resolution screen, it is very clear that there was one imprint line in the middle of the gel in Figure 4B, and two imprint lines in the gel in Figure 4C. The background difference can be seen if you adjust the whole image background. Therefore these two figures were manufactured. We would like to request your investigation and to ask the authors for explanation. Based on the case of the scientific misconduct, this paper should be trashed since such a kind of behavior is prohibited and should be regarded as artificially manufacturing data. We understand that sometimes a scientist may merge two gels into one figure. However, the merged two parts should be separately demonstrated. Unfortunately the authors merged two gels into one to mislead readers. Even worse, the authors used a box to group the two/three parts together as if all the lanes were from one gel. This is an obvious scientific misconduct. We consider that such a kind of behavior damaged the reputation of the journal badly. We strongly request the journal to trash the paper and at the same time to report this scientific misconduct case to NIH and the institute of the authors. We thank you for your attention to this issue and look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely yours, Yun Rao, Ph. D., Professor; School of Life Sciences , Peking University, Beijing, China. Email: rao.yun434@gmail.com
转贴一朋友空间的,觉得不错,发来大家共享,希望有所帮助。 国外博士论文下载的网站 http://search.ohiolink.edu/etd/index.cgi 美国电子图书馆 http://digital.library.okstate.edu/search.htm the university of Nottingham http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/ Washington University http://library.wustl.edu/subjects/life/books.html Yale University medicine dissertition http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Kansas State University http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC/JHSR/ University of Waterloo Electronic Thesis Database http://etheses.uwaterloo.ca/ university of South Florida http://www.lib.usf.edu/cgi-bin/ETD-db/ETD-search/search University of Texas - Austin http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main University Utrecht(Electronic Theses and Dissertations) http://laurel.library.uu.nl/cgi-bin/mus212/dialogserver?DB=da_en Universitatsbibliothek Munchen ( Germany ) http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/perl/advsearch University of Campinas Faculty of Education http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/ Australian Digital Theses Program http://adt.caul.edu.au/ University of New Orleans http://etd.uno.edu/ University of Pretoria : Electronic Theses and Dissertations http://upetd.up.ac.za/ University of Florida http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/etd.html University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez Campus http://grad.uprm.edu/tesisdigitales.htm University of Tennessee, Knoxville http://www.lib.utk.edu:90/cgi-perl/dbBroker.cgi?help=148 Uppsala Universitiet http://publications.uu.se/theses/ Virginia Commonwealth University http://etd.vcu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Worcester Polytechnic Institute http://www.wpi.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Yale University Library http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The George Washington University http://etd-gw.wrlc.org/ETD-db/ETD-search/search the Pennsylvania State University's electronic Theses and Dissertations Archives http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search North Carolina State University http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The New Jersey Institute of Technology's Electronic Theses Dissertations http://www.library.njit.edu/etd/index.cfm University of Mississippi Rowland Medical Library http://library.umsmed.edu/free-e_res.htm#Journals North Carolina State University http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Pennsylvania State University library http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Ohio State University http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/search.cgi Linkoping University Electronic Press http://www.ep.liu.se/diss/ The Institute for Systems Research http://techreports.isr.umd.edu/ARCHIVE/ Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/browse/ university of the free state http://lourie.uovs.ac.za/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/ http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/etd-search.html Universitatsbibliothek Munchen ( Germany ) http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/perl/advsearch University of Campinas Faculty of Education http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uchsc/main University of Florida http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/etd.html University of Georgia Electronic Theses and Dissertations (Summer 1999 to present) http://dbs.galib.uga.edu/cgi-bin ... on=search_cc=1 http://www.emuch.net/ DGlJSRjyws Australian Digital Theses Program http://adt.caul.edu.au/ University of New Orleans http://etd.uno.edu/ University of Pretoria : Electronic Theses and Dissertations http://upetd.up.ac.za/ University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez Campus http://grad.uprm.edu/tesisdigitales.htm University of Tennessee, Knoxville http://www.lib.utk.edu:90/cgi-perl/dbBroker.cgi?help=148 University of South Florida http://www.lib.usf.edu/cgi-bin/ETD-db/ETD-search/search University of Texas - Austin http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main University Utrecht(Electronic Theses and Dissertations) http://laurel.library.uu.nl/cgi-bin/mus212/dialogserver?DB=da_en UW Electronic Thesis Database http://etheses.uwaterloo.ca/ http://www.emuch.net/ 5KAPdLSZvy Uppsala Universitiet http://publications.uu.se/theses/ Virginia Commonwealth University http://etd.vcu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Worcester Polytechnic Institute http://www.wpi.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search Yale University Library http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The George Washington University http://etd-gw.wrlc.org/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The Pennsylvania State University's electronic Theses and Dissertations Archives http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search North Carolina State University http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search The New Jersey Institute of Technology's Electronic Theses Dissertations http://www.library.njit.edu/etd/index.cfm Naval Postgraduate School Theses http://library.nps.navy.mil/home/theses.htm National Taiwan Normal University http://140.122.127.250/cgi-bin/gs/egsweb.cgi?o=dentnucdr University of Mississippi Rowland Medical Library http://library.umsmed.edu/free-e_res.htm#Journals http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/ http://library.wustl.edu/subjects/life/books.html http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/ETD-db/ETD-search/search 香港大学 http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/main.jsp http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC/JHSR/ http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section13/sec13.jsp 澳大利亚博硕论文(很多可看全文) http://adt.caul.edu.au/