通过对广布的本地种和非本地种性状分析,来看它们在功能上是否相同,或者是否属于本地种。两类物种在存贮器官以及对环境条件的耐受性方面存在很大差异。很有意思的一条是,环境导致性状趋同变化,竞争导致性状趋异变化。所以,往往我们利用环境解释问题不通的时候,就自然而然的拿物种差异说事了——竞争嘛。 Origin matters: widely distributed native and non-native species benefit from different functional traits Sonja Knapp * , Ingolf Küh Keywords: alien species; anthropogenic habitats; archaeophytes; community assembly; functional ecology; neophytes; niches; novel ecosystems; species ranges Abstract Recently, ecologists debated whether distinguishing native from non-native species is sensible or not. One argument is that widespread and less widespread species are functionally different, whether or not they are native. An opposing statement points out ecologically relevant differences between native and non-native species. We studied the functional traits that drive native and non-native vascular plant species frequency in Germany by explaining species grid-cell frequency using traits and their interaction with status. Native and non-native species frequency was equally driven by life span, ploidy type and self-compatibility. Non-native species frequency rose with later flowering cessation date, whereas this relationship was absent for native species. Native and non-native species differed in storage organs and in the number of environmental conditions they tolerate. We infer that environmental filters drive trait convergence of native and non-native species, whereas competition drives trait diver gence. Meanwhile, introduction pathways functionally bias the frequency of non-native species. Source: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01787.x/abstract;jsessionid=63072A8F71A3A0A2EEBEC0EAA137D6FE.d03t02