刚才看新闻， 在刚刚结束的伦敦奥运会女子800米自由泳决赛中， 美国15岁的小选手凯蒂-勒德基（ Katie Ledecky， 8:14.63 ）获得金牌， 西班牙选手贝尔蒙特（8:18.76）和英国选手阿德林顿（8:20.32）分获二三名。 中文报道象乌龟/蜗牛一样，于是看了英文报道。 http://video.2012.sina.com.cn/p/olympic/gold/v/2012-08-04/032961824325.html American 15-year-old Katie Ledecky stunned Rebecca Adlington to take the women's 800m freestyle Olympic title, with the British favourite third. Ledecky took off at a stunning pace and maintained her lead, leaving defending champion Adlington and Danish rival Lotte Friis floundering. Ledecky finished in 8:14.63 seconds, four seconds clear of second-placed Spaniard Mireia Belmonte Garcia. Ledecky, the unknown quantity, met the pair for the first time in a major final and turned the element of surprise into Olympic gold. Ledecky is the youngest Olympian on the 529-strong American team and the second-youngest Olympic swimming medallist in US history. 一个15岁的小孩，以前从来没有出现过（the unknown quantity, ）突然杀出来，超过两位已知选手很多，拿到金牌。特明显了，这里面一定大有问题。游泳比赛多年的历史告诉我们，凡是这样的情况，一定和兴奋剂有关系。我们就不信邪，上帝他老人家一定不会化身一个15岁的小女孩来掺和奥运会的。 这位来自美国的15岁女孩，参加英国伦敦举办的2012奥运会，兴奋剂检查是英国人做的，用脚趾头想一想就知道，这次一定检查不出兴奋剂问题。相对照，俄罗斯选手已经被查出兴奋剂问题，立刻驱赶走了。 另一方面，体育 兴奋剂：检测的驴车赶不上研发的火箭 http://discovery.163.com/12/0802/23/87UJTGH000014N6R.html 。 美国利用其先进的高科技，可以开发出全新的兴奋剂，因此这种新型兴奋剂也进入不了现在的监测范围，这次必定能过关。但是相信老天有眼，样品需要储存8年，只要八年内确定这种新型的兴奋剂，美国今天的作恶就一定能被救出来。但是，现在世界经济越来越差，我只是担心，7年以后只能去地狱才能找到美国了。
2012年8月1日著名国际期刊Nature发表文章“Why great Olympic feats raise suspicions”，作者Ewen Callaway在文中对中国运动员叶诗文的药检结果表示怀疑——但是没有任何数据来支持此观点。于是，该文一出，便引来骂声一片。大多数都认为作为著名的学术期刊，发表这样的文章，是A Shame On Nature! 原文及相关评论地址见： http://www.nature.com/news/why-great-olympic-feats-raise-suspicions-1.11109 Why great Olympic feats raise suspicions 'Performance profiling' could help to dispel doubts. Ewen Callaway 01 August 2012 Chinese swimmer Ye Shiwen broke the world record for the women's 400-metre individual medley event at the Olympic Games on 28 July. L. Neal /AFP / Getty Images Article tools Print Email Rights Permissions Share/bookmark At the Olympics, how fast is too fast? That question has dogged Chinese swimmer Ye Shiwen after the 16-year-old shattered the world record in the women's 400-metre individual medley (400 IM) on Saturday. In the wake of that race, some swimming experts wondered whether Ye’s win was aided by performance-enhancing drugs. She has never tested positive for a banned substance and the International Olympic Committee on Tuesday declared that her post-race test was clean. The resulting debate has been tinged with racial and political undertones, but little science. Nature examines whether and how an athlete's performance history and the limits of human physiology could be used to catch dopers. Was Ye’s performance anomalous? Yes. Her time in the 400 IM was more than 7 seconds faster than her time in the same event at a major meet in July. But what really raised eyebrows was her showing in the last 50 metres, which she swam faster than US swimmer Ryan Lochte did when he won gold in the men’s 400 IM on Saturday, with the second-fastest time ever for that event. Doesn't a clean drug test during competition rule out the possibility of doping? No, says Ross Tucker, an exercise physiologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. Athletes are much more likely to dope while in training, when drug testing tends to be less rigorous. “Everyone will pass at the Olympic games. Hardly anyone fails in competition testing,” Tucker says. Out-of-competition tests are more likely to catch dopers, he says, but it is not feasible to test every elite athlete regularly year-round. Tracking an athlete over time and flagging anomalous performances would help anti-doping authorities to make better use of resources, says Yorck Olaf Schumacher, an exercise physiologist at the Medical University of Freiburg in Germany, who co-authored a 2009 paper proposing that performance profiling be used as an anti-doping tool 1 . “I think it’s a good way and a cheap way to narrow down a large group of athletes to suspicious ones, because after all, the result of any doping is higher performance,” Schumacher says. Related stories Performance enhancement: Superhuman athletes Science at the Olympics: Team science Racing just to keep up More related stories The ‘biological passport’, which measures characteristics of an athlete’s blood to look for physiological evidence of doping, works in a similar way to performance profiling (see ' Racing just to keep up '). After it was introduced in 2008, cycling authorities flagged irregularities in the blood characteristics of Antonio Colom, a Spanish cyclist, and targeted drug tests turned up evidence of the banned blood-boosting hormone erythropoietin (EPO) in 2009. How would performance be used to nab dopers? Anti-doping authorities need a better way of flagging anomalous performances or patterns of results, says Schumacher. To do this, sports scientists need to create databases that — sport by sport and event by event — record how athletes improve with age and experience. Longitudinal records of athletes’ performances would then be fed into statistical models to determine the likelihood that they ran or swam too fast, given their past results and the limits of human physiology. The Olympic biathlon, a winter sport that combines cross-country skiing and target shooting, has dabbled in performance profiling. In a pilot project, scientists at the International Biathlon Union in Salzburg, Austria, and the University of Ferrara in Italy, developed a software program that retroactively analysed blood and performance data from 180 biathletes over six years to identify those most likely to have doped 2 . The biathlon federation now uses the software to target its athletes for drug testing. Could an athlete then be disciplined simply for performing too well? “That would be unfair,” says Tucker. “The final verdict is only ever going to be reached by testing. It has to be.” In recent years, cycling authorities have successfully prosecuted athletes for having anomalous blood profiles, even when banned substances such as EPO could not be found. But performance is too far removed from taking a banned substance and influenced by too many outside factors to convict someone of doping, Tucker says. “When we look at this young swimmer from China who breaks a world record, that’s not proof of anything. It asks a question or two.” Naturedoi:10.1038/nature.2012.11109 References Shumacher, Y. O. Pottgiesser, T. Int. J. Sport. Physiol. Perform. 4 , 129 – 133 ( 2009 ). Show context Manfredini, A. F. et al . J. Sport. Med. Phys. Fit. 51 , 153 – 159 ( 2011 ). ChemPort Show context Related stories and links From nature.com Performance enhancement: Superhuman athletes 18 July 2012 Science at the Olympics: Team science 18 July 2012 Racing just to keep up 15 July 2011 Nature 's 2012 Olympic special Author information Comments 2012-08-02 12:41 PM Report this comment | #47667 Alex Cutting said: Chinese wrote big checks to Aussie's world class swimming couches to train their talent swimmers. Ken Wood couched Shiwen Ye (2 gold in 2012 London) and Zige liu (200m fly gold in 2008 beijing). Denis Cotterell coaches Yang sun (400m free gold, 200 free silver in 2012 so far, 1500m free world record holder). You know why Australia gets less gold medal now. If Shiwen Ye is an Aussie, would people question her on doping? It is a shame to see an article like this in Nature. 2012-08-02 12:42 PM Report this comment | #47668 Sweet Tree said: I can't believe Nature would publish such an article without solid data and analysis! The entire article is simply based on prejudice and discrimination! How could you expect us to respect you as an authority in science publications? It's everyone's dream to have their work published by Nature, but not anymore! Shame on you, Nature! 2012-08-02 12:57 PM Report this comment | #47669 Yu Chen said: Hello Mr. Owens, In reply your comment of "We wanted to use the controversy as a way to highlight what science can and can't tell us with respect to athletes' performance. We have done similar stories before, for example in the case of South African runner Caster Semenya", I would like first using some sentences shown in this article to summary what this article really want to say: 1) Subtitle: "'Performance profiling' could help to catch cheaters in sport." Yeah? So you guys here are trying to catch cheaters. Who is the one you guys think he/she is a cheater? 2) "Was Yeâ
标签: 兴奋剂
