http://www.gopubmed.org/web/gopubmed/1?WEB01g9rr9kmnvidnIeI1I00f01000j10040001rl Smoking and Macular Degeneration and aged 291 documents semantically analyzed 1 2 Top Years Publications 2008 52 2007 42 2009 31 2006 30 2005 26 2004 16 2001 16 2003 15 2002 10 1998 8 1999 7 1997 7 1996 7 2000 5 1994 4 1992 4 1995 2 1986 2 1993 1 1989 1 1 2 1 2 Top Countries Publications USA 109 Australia 56 United Kingdom 27 Netherlands 14 China 10 Japan 9 Germany 8 France 7 Singapore 4 Ireland 3 Italy 2 Switzerland 2 Spain 2 Canada 2 Lithuania 2 Denmark 2 Poland 1 Turkey 1 Brazil 1 Taiwan 1 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 Top Cities Publications Sydney 31 Madison 27 Boston 26 Melbourne 20 Rotterdam 11 Los Angeles 8 London 8 Beijing 5 Mnster 5 Baltimore 5 Bethesda 4 Belfast 4 Singapur 4 Nashville 4 Durham 4 Cambridge 4 Montpellier 4 Fukuoka 3 New York 3 Port Lirge 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Top Journals Publications Ophthalmology 47 Arch Ophthalmol-chic 36 Am J Ophthalmol 20 Invest Ophth Vis Sci 18 Brit J Ophthalmol 16 Am J Epidemiol 13 Ophthalmic Epidemiol 10 Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 8 Arch Ophthalmol 6 Hum Mol Genet 5 Mol Vis 4 Am J Clin Nutr 4 Br J Ophthalmol 4 Eye 4 Can J Ophthalmol 4 Jama 4 Exp Eye Res 3 Klin Oczna 3 Med J Australia 3 Clin Exp Ophthalmol 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 ... 58 Top Authors Publications Klein R 42 Wang J 38 Mitchell P 34 Klein B 27 Smith W 19 De Jong P 14 Seddon J 14 Rochtchina E 12 Hofman A 11 Wong T 10 Vingerling J 9 Haines J 8 Scott W 8 Agarwal A 8 Postel E 8 Pericak-Vance M 8 Tomany S 7 Chakravarthy U 6 Spencer K 6 Hauser M 6 1 2 3 ... 58 1 2 3 ... 64 Top Terms Publications Macular Degeneration 286 Humans 285 Aged 256 Middle Aged 222 Risk Factors 217 Aged, 80 and over 163 Smoking 143 Odds Ratio 130 Confidence Intervals 123 Adult 94 Logistic Models 82 Retinitis 80 Prevalence 78 Incidence 78 Organization and Administration 76 Patients 75 Cohort Studies 68 Hypertension 67 Wisconsin 61 Case-Control Studies 61 1 2 3 ... 64 http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2010/1/226793.shtm 老年人戒烟可降低患老年黄斑变性风险 美国一项最新研究显示，老年人戒烟可以降低患老年黄斑变性的风险，从而有助于预防老年人失明。 老年黄斑变性是造成65岁以上老年人失明的主要原因。它由视网膜中的黄斑区退化而引起，早期常表现为视力下降，晚期则表现为中心视力丧失（视野中心出现暗点）以及视物模糊，严重者失明。 为研究吸烟对老年人罹患老年黄斑变性风险的影响，美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员对1958名老年女性进行了长期跟踪研究，其中4%为吸烟者。这些女性志愿者从78岁开始，每隔5年接受一次视网膜拍片检查。 对比上述志愿者在78岁与83岁时的视网膜图像，研究人员发现，整体而言，吸烟者患老年黄斑变性的几率比同龄不吸烟者高出11%；而年龄超过80岁以后，吸烟者患老年黄斑变性的几率为不吸烟者的5.5倍。 研究人员还指出，与不吸烟的同龄女性相比，吸烟的老年女性在80岁后患老年黄斑变性的几率会明显升高。 此前的研究表明，年龄是导致老年黄斑变性的第一大风险因素，这一研究结果则显示，吸烟也是导致这一疾病的重要诱因。 这一研究成果刊登在新一期《美国眼科学杂志》（ American Journal of Ophthalmology ）上。 更多阅读 《美国眼科学杂志》发表论文摘要（英文） http://www.ajo.com/article/S0002-9394(09)00537-6/abstract Volume 149 , Issue 1 , Pages 160-169 (January 2010) 26 of 37 ABSTRACT FULL TEXT FULL-TEXT PDF (699 KB) CITATION ALERT CITED BY RELATED ARTICLES EXPORT CITATION EMAIL TO A COLLEAGUE RIGHTS/PERMISSIONS DOWNLOAD IMAGES NEED REPRINTS? BOOKMARK ARTICLE FULL TEXT ELSEWHERE The Association of Smoking and Alcohol Use With Age-related Macular Degeneration in the Oldest Old: The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures The Study Of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group Anne L.Coleman a b , Robin L.Seitzman a , Steven R.Cummings d , FeiYu a c , Jane A.Cauley e , Kristine E.Ensrud f , Katie L.Stone d , Marc C.Hochberg g , Kathryn L.Pedula h , Edgar L.Thomas i , Carol M.Mangione j Accepted 18 July 2009 . published online 01 October 2009. Purpose To estimate the incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the association of smoking and alcohol in a population of older women. Design Prospective cohort study. Methods Subjects were women who attended the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures year-10 and year-15 follow-up clinic visits and had fundus photographs taken at both visits (n = 1958; 245 Black and 1713 White subjects; mean age at year 10 visit, 78.2 years). Forty-five degree stereoscopic fundus photographs were graded for AMD. Logistic regression was used to test whether risk factors were associated with incident AMD. Results The overall 5-year AMD incidence was 24.1% (95% confidence interval , 21.7 to 26.6) for early and 5.7% (95% CI, 4.6 to 6.8) for late. Early AMD incidence in White subjects ranged from 21.9% in those aged 74 to 79 years to 33.2% in those 80 to 84 years, but was observed at the slightly lower rate of 29.0% in subjects 85 years (trend P .0001). After confounder adjustment, alcohol consumption was significantly associated with an elevated risk of incident early AMD (odds ratio , 1.57; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.11). There was an increased risk of early AMD among subjects aged 80 years or older who were smoking compared to those younger than 80 years who were not smoking (OR, 5.49; 95% CI, 1.57 to 19.20; P for interaction = .026). Conclusions The magnitude of the greater-than-additive effect of smoking on the age-adjusted risk of AMD reinforces recommendations to quit smoking even for older individuals. a Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California b Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California c Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California d San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California e Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania f Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota g Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland h Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Northwest/Hawaii, Portland, Oregon i The Retina-Vitreous Associates Medical Group, Beverly Hills, California j Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2010/1/226805.shtm 美研究发现孩子被动吸烟长大后易患肺气肿 美国一项最新研究显示，与吸烟者一起生活的孩子长大后更易患肺气肿，即便这些孩子成年后并不吸烟。 美国哥伦比亚大学研究人员对1781名成年非吸烟者的肺部进行CT扫描，被调查者来自美国6个社区，约有一半人是在至少有一名吸烟者的家庭中长大。结果发现，儿时和吸烟者一起生活的人患肺气肿的风险更高。 参与这项研究的流行病学副教授吉纳洛沃希说：我们通过CT扫描发现，那些儿时与吸烟者一起生活的人的肺部图像和其他人的肺部图像存在差别。 洛沃希说，人们过去认为，吸烟或被动吸烟对人体造成的伤害是短期的，但这项研究表明，吸烟或被动吸烟对肺造成的伤害可能会持续数十年。 这项研究成果刊登在最新一期《美国流行病学杂志》（ AJE ）上。 更多阅读 《美国流行病学杂志》发表论文摘要（英文） http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/171/1/54?maxtoshow=HITS=10hits=10RESULTFORMAT=fulltext=emphysemasearchid=1FIRSTINDEX=0sortspec=dateresourcetype=HWCIT American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on November 25, 2009 American Journal of Epidemiology 2010 171(1):54-62; doi:10.1093/aje/kwp358 Association of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Childhood With Early Emphysema in Adulthood Among Nonsmokers The MESA-Lung Study Gina S. Lovasi * , Ana V. Diez Roux , Eric A. Hoffman , Steven M. Kawut , David R. Jacobs, Jr and R. Graham Barr * Correspondence to Dr. Gina S. Lovasi, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th Street, Room 804, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: gl2225@columbia.edu
标签: 吸烟
