美国独立革命时期 Chappaqua 的 Thomas Dodge House 和 Meeting house 黄安年文 黄安年的博客 / 2015 年 10 月 15 日晚上 美东时间 ; 16 日早晨北京时间发布 在美国独立革命时期 , Chappaqua 地区是乔治·华盛顿部队控制的地盘和后方，在现今的 Quaker Road 一带例如 Chappaqua 的 428 号 Quaker Road 的 Thomas Dodge House 和 420 号 Quaker Road 的 Meeting house ，就有他们的活动遗存。资料显示： “The meeting house By 1753 the meeting house was finished. In 1776 it wouldserve as a hospital for Continental Army soldiers injured at the nearby Battle of WhitePlains .” 今天上午，我们来到这里参观了解 , 里面的人员告诉我里面的东西很杂乱 , 再说负责人也不在，里面就不便进去看了，可以在外面看。看来尽管是历史旧居加以保存 , 但是还是不能让房子白白的空着 , 所以有人在里面活动 , 也便于保存历史故居。我们拍摄了一些外景，共 16 张。 1 ， 2 ， 3 ， 4 ， 5 ， 6 ， 7 ， 8 ， 9 ， 10 ， 11 ， 12 ， 13, 14 ， 15 ， 16 ， ****************************Old Chappaqua Historic District From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Old Chappaqua Historic District U.S. National Register of Historic Places U.S. Historic district Tenant house, house and currying shop for the Samuel Allen Farm, 2013 Location Chappaqua , NY Nearest city White Plains Coordinates 41°10′23″N 73°46′38″W / 41.17306°N 73.77722°W / 41.17306; -73.77722 Coordinates : 41°10′23″N 73°46′38″W / 41.17306°N 73.77722°W / 41.17306; -73.77722 Area 33 acres (13 ha) Built 1753–1850 Governing body Private homes; Chappaqua Friends Meeting House NRHP Reference # 74001319 Added to NRHP July 15, 1974 The Old Chappaqua Historic District is located along Quaker Road ( New York State Route 120 ) in the town of New Castle , New York, United States, betweenthe hamlets of Chappaqua and Millwood . It was the original center ofChappaqua, prior to the construction of the Harlem Valley Railroad and the erection of its station to the south in themid-19th century. In 1974 it was recognized as a historic district and listed onthe National Register of HistoricPlaces . What is today Chappaqua was first settled around 1740 bya group of Quakers from Long Island . They built the still-used meeting house ,the oldest known building in the town, around which the district centered a decade later. The other contributingproperties , all timber frame buildings up and down the road oneither side near the meeting house, are the surviving buildings from some ofthe farms established then and later. They have been preserved intact from thattime. Geography The district begins on the westside of the road, approximately 0.6 mi (1 km) north of downtownChappaqua and the Saw Mill River Parkway interchange, at 332Quaker Road, just opposite Commodore Road. It follows the south line of that lot , then aline consistent with the west line of that lot through Fair Ridge Cemetery up to 478 Quaker, then turns100 ft (30 m) to follow the north line and cross the road to take in485 Quaker. It turns south at the lot corner to create a corridor 450 feet(140 m) wide with the road at the center south back to 385 Quaker, justnorth of Chappaqua Mountain Road, where it returns west to the road andcontinues back to its southern boundary. The terrain is hilly, forcing theroad through some gentle curves as it passes through the district. Despite theextensive residential development in the area, it is still heavily wooded, withmany tall trees shading the houses and few clearings. Streams in the area draininto the Saw Mill River , which rises in the woods to theeast. Quaker Roadclimbs approximate 140 feet (43 m) from south to north through thedistrict. Marker at Chappaqua Mountain Road intersection Within this boundary, along a0.6-mile (1 km) stretch of Quaker, are 33 acres (13 ha) with 30buildings, half of which are contributing properties . All of them, whethercontributing or not, are wood frame houses of two to three stories with gabled roofs. Thoseof more modern construction are sympathetic to their historic neighbors. Exceptfor the meeting house, all are still used as residences. In the middle of asmall grassy island at the Chappaqua Mountain Road intersection is arock with a commemorative plaque to the district attached. History Quakers , fleeing religious persecution in England as Dissenters , settled in British colonies duringthe 17th century. One group established a meeting on LongIsland in 1645. By the early 18th century their offshoots had crossed LongIsland Sound to Westchester County , where theyestablished Mamaroneck and Purchase by 1727. In 1730, further offshoots ofthose groups moved further inland, to Wampus Pond (now Armonk )and Shapequaw. Ten years later one of them, John Reynolds,established a 100-acre (40 ha) farm that included the area of the futuredistrict, along Quaker Roadfrom Kipp Streetto Roaring Brook Road.By 1747 there were enough Quakers in Shapequaw that they began petitioning thePurchase meeting to establish their own. Permission was granted shortlythereafter, and Reynolds donated two of his acres (8,100 m 2 ) to the group so it could build a meetinghouse and burial ground. The meeting house By 1753 the meeting house was finished. In 1776 it would serve as ahospital for Continental Army soldiers injured at the nearby Battle of WhitePlains . Two years latera wing was built on it. The original Reynolds farm waseventually subdivided . Other farmers, like Samuel Allen andElnathan Thorn, built houses near the meeting house. By 1825 the area hadbecome the community of what was now known as Chappaqua. The residents were largelyself-sufficient farmers with side businesses as craftsmen. That ended with the constructionof the Harlem Valley Railroad (still in use todayas Metro-North Railroad 's Harlem Line ) in 1846. It followed theriver valley, and so the station was built a mile(1.6 km) south of the meeting house. Gradually that area became developedand grew into the downtown Chappaqua that exists today. Allen built a couple ofsmall houses across the road from the meeting house, and cabinetmaker Henry Dodge built a large house at what is today 386 Quaker, moving the olderThorn house in the process. That was the last development in the districtrelated to the original Quaker settlers and their families. As the railroad spurred the suburbanization of northern Westchester in the later 19th andearly 20th centuries, the meeting house and associated farm buildings remainedin use. However, the economy changed. With the railroad close by, the farmersswitched to growing cash crops for the New York City market, and sold some of their largerlandholdings. Some buildings, such as theoutbuildings on the Thorn–Dodge property, were destroyed by the 1904 tornado . New construction in thedistrict did not replace any of the historic structures. In 1961 another wingwas added to the meeting house. There have been few other changes to the olderbuildings since then. Significantcontributing properties Among the contributingproperties, several are particularly important in the context of the district.None have yet been listed individually on the National Register, but they areall local landmarks, carrying markers indicating what they are and their yearof construction. Samuel Allen Farm , 400, 401–407 Quaker Road. Four buildings remain standing from this farm established sometime before 1820; all were built by 1852. The currying shop, 400, is on the west side, with the main house, tenant house and an old barn. All are similar buildings, four bays wide and from one-and-a-half to two stories high. Thomas Dodge House Thomas Dodge House , 428 Quaker Road. Cabinetmaker Thomas Dodge and his wife Hannah, later inhabitants of the early settlement, built this three-by-two-bay house. Since it is on sloping ground, it is two stories on the east but only one and a half on the west. Meeting House , 420 Quaker Road. Located on a slight rise above the road, immediately to the west of the Allen properties, the meeting house is a two-story clapboard -sided gabled structure with a full verandah around the south and east. Inside, chamfered wooden posts support a gallery on three sides. It is the oldest known building in the town of New Castle, dating to 1753. Reynolds–Carpenter Farmhouse , 332 Quaker Road. The southern end of the district is anchored by this five-bay, two-story gabled house, one of two likely built for one of Reynolds' seven sons. Its rear wing was added in 1850 by Robert Carpenter. North of it is a barn from the same era, now used as a garage. Stony Hollow Farmhouse , 478 Quaker Road. This house-and-barn combination is located at the north end of the district. The clapboard-sided house contrasts with the shingled barn, but both are believed to have been built around 1820, with the house expanded later in the 19th century. Sutton–ReynoldsHouse Sutton–Reynolds House , 354 Quaker Road. Situated to the north of the Reynolds–Carpenter House, this similarly-sized house is also believed to have been built by Reynolds for another of his sons. It is distinguished by the two chimneys that rise from either end. Thorn–Dodge House , 386 Quaker Road. The rear wing of this five-by-two-bay two-story clapboard-sided gabled house is the original structure built by Elnathan Thorn. Henry Dodge moved it here when he built the current house in 1852. Preservation While New Castle's zoning does not include any specialmeasures for the district, the town has other measures to protect and preserveit. Most prominently, all of the historic properties within the historicdistrict have been designated town landmarks. The town's historic preservation ordinances provide for the designation of local landmarks. A Landmarks Advisory Committee,consisting of the town historian and four residents with an interest inpreservation and development appointed by the town board to three-year terms,guides the town in not only its designation of landmarks but the preservationof those already designated. Any change to an existing landmark'sexterior must be approved by the committee. As allowed under New York state law, propertytax exemptions are available to any owner of a landmarkwho restores or rehabilitates it, if they havebeen approved in advance by the committee and the town assessor certifies that they were finished as planned. See also List of Quaker meeting houses National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Westchester County, New York References 1. ^ Jump up to: a b NationalRegister Information System . National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service . 2009-03-13. 2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Lynn Beebe Weaver (October 1973). NationalRegister of Historic Places Registration:Old Chappaqua Historic District . NewYork State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation . Retrieved 2010-12-24 . See also: Accompanyingsix photos . 3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Historyof the Town of New Castle . New Castle Historical Society . Retrieved March19, 2013 . 4. Jump up ^ OssiningQuadrangle – New York – Westchester Co. (Map). 1:24,000. USGS 7½-minute quadrangle . U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved March18, 2013 . 5. ^ Jump up to: a b NewCastle Landmarks . New Castle Historical Society. March 29, 2011 . Retrieved March19, 2013 . 6. Jump up ^ New Castle Town Code, § 76-3, Designation of New Castlelandmarks , adopted July 28, 2009; retrieved March 19, 2013. 7. Jump up ^ New Castle Town Code, § 76-2, Landmarks Advisory Committee ,retrieved March 19, 2013 8. Jump up ^ New Castle Town Code, § 76-3.1, Construction, alteration,removal or demolition of New Castle landmarks ; retrieved March 19, 2013. 9. Jump up ^ New Castle Town Code, § 76-6, Limited tax exemption ;retrieved March 19, 2013. Externallinks Media related to Old Chappaqua HistoricDistrict at Wikimedia Commons https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chappaqua_Historic_District ********************* PublicRecords for 428 Quaker Rd Official property, sales,and tax information from county (public) records as of 12/2014: · o Single Family Residential o 4,556 sqft o A/C: Central o Parking Spaces: 4 o Style: Colonial o Tax Rate Code Area: 553604 · o 4 Bedrooms o Lot Size: 0.5 acres o Heating: Hot Water o Exterior Walls: Wood Siding o Fireplace · o 5 Bathrooms o Stories: 3 story withbasement o Parking: Detached Garage o Basement: Partial Basement o County: Westchester http://www.trulia.com/homes/New_York/Chappaqua/sold/23466570-428-Quaker-Rd-Chappaqua-NY-10514
http://www.uni-hamburg.de/sfb538/projektk4_e.html K4: COVERT TRANSLATION Project Director: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Juliane House, Institute of General and Applied Linguistics Project Researchers: Viktor Becher, Svenja Kranich Project hypothesis Due to its status as a global lingua franca and prestige language, English impacts on German communicative conventions, particularly through German translations from English but also in monolingual German text production. Over and above massive borrowing of lexical items from specialized languages and registers (so-called Anglicisms), contact with English results, for certain genres, in an adaptation of German communicative preferences and textual norms to preferences and norms operative in English texts. An influence of English on German would manifest itself in (for the most part quantitative) changes in the use of certain linguistic items and grammatical structures in German texts that result in a shift towards the more Anglophone communicative style, i.e., a shift from a conventionally strong emphasis in German discourse on the ideational function of language to an Anglophone interpersonal orientation focussing on addressee involvement; a shift from a conventionally strong emphasis on informational explicitness in German texts to Anglophone inference-inducing implicitness and propositional opaqueness. It is assumed that an influence of English onto German is initially most marked in German translations from English because the process of translation can be considered as one of the primary interfaces between the English and German language systems and norms of usage. It is likely that this process is most marked in areas of text production where English has the status of a prestige language and in particular in genres with high levels of generic coherence such as, e.g., scientific writing or international business communication. Database English and German translation and comparable text corpora from the genres popular scientific prose and external business communication (letters to shareholders, mission statements), covering the two time frames 1978 to 1982 and 1999 to 2002. Approx. 800000 words Alignment on the basis of translation equivalent sentences Methodology Diachronic-contrastive qualitative and quantitative analyses in a mainly systemic functional framework. Results As a result of English-German language contact in translation the frequency of occurrence and the co-occurrence patterns of particular items from the functional categories of conjunctions and pronouns have changed in German translations of English popular scientific writing. Ongoing work Genre-contrastive analyses, in order to establish whether the results are genre-specific Quantitative analyses of the translation relation, in order to establish which lexicogrammatical structures in the English source text trigger the use of a particular structure in the translation. Selected bibliography and presentations: House, J. (forthcoming): “Using Translation and Parallel Text Corpora to Investigate the Influence of Global English on Textual Norms in Other Languages”. In: Alet Kruger (ed.) Corpus-based Translation Studies: More Research and Applications. Manchester: St.Jerome Kranich, S. (2008). “Grammaticalization, subjectification and the layering of meanings How to deal with the semantics of the present-day English progressive”. New Reflections on Grammaticalisation 4, University of Leuven (Belgium), July 16-19 Kranich, S. (2008). “Epistemic modality in English popular scientific texts and their German translations”. Third Conference on Intercultural Communication, Stellenbosch University (South Africa), January 14-16 Becher, V. (2008). “The diverging use of connectives in English-German translations and German comparable texts”. 5th International Contrastive Linguistics Conference, University of Leuven (Belgium), July 7-9 House, J. (2008). “ Beyond Intervention: Universals in Translation? ”. trans-kom 1(1) Becher, V., J. House S. Kranich (2007). “Divergence and convergence of communicative norms through language contact in translation”. International Colloquium on Convergence and Divergence in Language Contact Situations, University of Hamburg, October 18-20
2/20/2014 Thursday 9:36:57 PM Lifestyle Design---Day Seven My life in the United States Day Seven, Animo (means come on in English) ! John 11:25 Jesus said..., I am theresurrection and the life; he who believes into Me, even if he should die,shall live. 14:2 In My Father's house are manyabodes; if it were not so, I would have told you; for I go to prepare a placefor you. Many people today live in a physical place,superficially, they live in a house, but their heart has no peace and rest. Theyare wondering around in the world. Just like the younger son in Luke 15:11-32: But thanks for the Lord’s mercy. He came toseek us, and brought us to the Father’s house. Once we’re dead, but now we cometo life, nonce we’re lost, but now we have been found. Praise the Lord, we’re nolonger homeless. We are living in the Father's house, the Church is the Father’shouse, a divine and human incorporation of the processed and consummated Godconstituted with His redeemed, regenerated, and transformed elect. That’s is tosay, the Father's house is not only a constitution—it is an incorporation. Itis not a physical place but a living composition of all of the living, redeemedones in God, through the Spirit, having Christ as their life. May the Lord reveal more and more to meconcerning this building. Lord Jesus, keep me in the Fathers’ house, keep meliving in the reality of the Father’s house. Lord Jesus, give me the experienceI need daily, so that I can experience You as life. In my last post, I plan to learn Spanish, Turkish,and Korean, besides English. Why I choose these language first? Aha, the topreason is that I have friends from Turkey, Korea, and Spain around me. Today ismy first day learning Spanish. Pretty much fresh and excited! No time to share more, the computer is turning off according to the schedule... Psalms 90:10 The days of our years are seventy years, Or, if because of strength, eighty years; But their pride is labor and sorrow, For it is soon gone, and we fly away. Psalms 90:12 Teach us then to number our days That we may gain a heart of wisdom. Ephesians 5:16 Redeeming the time, because the days are evil. Time Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thur. Fri. Sat. 06:00-06:15 Morning Pray （ 15min ） 06:15-06:40 Physical training （ 25min ） + CNN NEWS (25min) 06:45-07:10 Morning Nourishment (30min) 07:10-07:30 Have Breakfast (20min)+VOA NEWS (20min) 07:30- 08:00 English (30min) Spanish (30min) Turkish (30min) Korean (30min) Spanish (30min) Turkish (30min) Korean (30min) 08:00-09:10 Lord’ Day Study SD. (4Hou.) Study PM. (4Hou.) Study SE. (4Hou.) Study SD. (4Hou.) Study PM. (4Hou.) Study SE. (4Hou.) 09:10-10:20 10:20-12:00 12:00-12:40 Prepare Lunch +Ministry Audio Message (40min) 12:45-13:15 Bible Reading +Life Study (30min) 13:15-13:35 Noon Pray (20min) 13:35-14:05 Lunch Break (30min) 14:10-14:30 Wash Up +VOA NEWS (20min) 14:35 - 15:05 Shop - ping Spanish (30min) Turkish (30min) Korean (30min) Spanish (30min) Turkish (30min) Korean (30min) 15:10-16:10 Research (1Hou.) 16:15-17:15 Class SD. Research (1Hou.) Meeting 17:15-17:35 Supper (20min)+FOX NEWS (20min) 17:45-18:30 Research (45min.) 18:40-21:20 Weekly Sum. Class Class Class Research (2.5Hou.) Gathering 21:30-22:15 Daily Sum. +Blogging+ Turn Off Computer (45min) 22:15-22:30 Bathing (15min) 22:30-22:45 Bible Reading (15min) 22:45-22:55 Wash Up (15min) + VOA NEWS (10min) 22:55-23:10 Evening Pray (15min) 23:10- 23:30 English (20min) Spanish (20min) Turkish (20min) Korean (20min) Spanish (20min) Turkish (20min) Korean (20min) 23:30-06:00 Go To Sleep (6.5Hou.) 1 Timothy 4:12 Let no one despise your youth, but be a pattern to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity. Matthew 7:24 Every one therefore who hears these words of Mine and does them shall be likened to a prudent man who built his house upon the rock. Matthew 7:25 And the rain descended, and the rivers came, and the winds blew, and they beat against that house; and it did not fall, for it was founded on the rock.
Yes, you can. When the parents need to pay for their kids' high education expenses, they take cash out against their home. Rates for today (6/11/12) at Bank of Hawaii are as follows: 3.500% @ 1.625 pts 3.625% @ 0.875 pts 3.750% @ 0.25 pts 3.875% @ -0.375 pts 4.000% @ -1.125 pts It's hard to say no to such good rates...
前一阵收到一封信，Dear Wenke Ruan, I am writing on behalf of the International publishing house, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.In the course of a research on the Beijing University of Agriculture, I came across a reference to your work in the field of Animal Science. We are an International publisher whose aim is to make academic research available to a wider audience. LAP Publishing would be especially interested in publishing your dissertation in the form of a printed book. Your reply including an e-mail address to which I can send an e-mail with further information in an attachment will be greatly appreciated. I look forward to hear from you 结果他又发了一封，问我收到信没有 无奈我给他回了说 Thank you for your interest in our work, please provide the detailed information about your services.结果它今天又回了长长的一封，说没有出版费，还给12％的卖书费（the Publisher agrees to pay the Author a royalty commission based on the Publisher’s revenue minus the contained value-added tax of 12 %. ）这是啥情况啊？
住地附近 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的 House （二） 黄安年文 黄安年的博客 /2011 年 11 月 10 日 ( 美东时间 ) 发布 住地附近 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的 House 是典型的美国东北部地区的传统居住模式， House 之间往往以树丛作栏杆为界， 更加宽阔的林带则是一个社区和另一个社区的隔离带。我们的住地下条街道（ Lilac La ）和 Rolf ’ s DR 是紧邻，以林带相隔， 车子不能通过 , 人要通过等于闯入私人住地。从住地到 Rolf ’ s DR 需要绕道十来分钟汽车路程，而步行穿过林荫道抵达 Rolf ’ s DR 仅仅 5 分钟路程。从 Briar RD 通往 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 是唯一通道，没有别的出路， 所以住在 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的不足百十户的 House 显得像是个世外桃园。 这里拍摄的照片（一） 26 张 , （二） 9 张 , 反映了深秋时节的住宅外景。
住地附近 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的 House(一) 黄安年文 黄安年的博客 /2011 年 11 月 10 日 ( 美东时间 ) 发布 住地附近 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的 House 是典型的美国东北部地区的传统居住模式， House 之间往往以树丛作栏杆为界， 更加宽阔的林带则是一个社区和另一个社区的隔离带。我们的住地下条街道（ Lilac La ）和 Rolf ’ s DR 是紧邻，以林带相隔， 车子不能通过 , 人要通过等于闯入私人住地。从住地到 Rolf ’ s DR 需要绕道十来分钟汽车路程，而步行穿过林荫道抵达 Rolf ’ s DR 仅仅 5 分钟路程。从 Briar RD 通往 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 是唯一通道，没有别的出路， 所以住在 Rolf ’ s DR 、 Great DR 一带的不足百十户的 House 显得像是个世外桃园。 这里拍摄的照片（一） 26 张 , （二） 9 张 , 反映了深秋时节的住宅外景。
加拿大鲁珀特王子港 Pillsbury House 黄安年文 黄安年的博客 /2011 年 11 月 8 日 ( 美东时间 ) 发布 阿拉斯加之行中 , 最后一站是 8 月 25 日 4 ： 00pm ，我们乘坐的 Norwegian Star 抵达 Prince Rupert ， BC 。我们办完出境手续后登陆鲁珀特王子港， 这座港口尽管目前已经衰败， 但是在 100 年前有个它的辉煌。我们来到 1908 年住在这里的 Pillsbury House 旧址就是一个最好的见证。住房的主人公 Joel H. Pillsbury 当时是 鲁珀特王子港 港口及市镇规划助理工程师。如笔者在《 登上加拿大鲁珀特王子港印象 》 黄安年文 黄安年的博客 /2011 年 11 月 8 日 ( 美东时间 ) 发布中所提及的， “ 一九零三年，多项计划提议建造铁路通往北岸，于是在有关地区展开了多次斟察。太平洋铁路公司主席 Charles M. Hays 与铁路人员遍游加拿大，北上太平洋海岸进行视察，于一九零四年九月三日抵达塔克湾 (Tuck Inlet) 。经过一轮斟察后，决定将太平洋铁路西面的终站设于凯恩岛 ( Kaien Island ) 。岛上设有开阔的港口，长达十四英里，是世上最深、且终年不结冰的天然港之一，距离卑诗省温哥华市北面五百五十英里，从这个凯恩岛的港口出发，是到达东方最短的航路。 一九零五年三月，太平洋铁路公司获王室授予一万英亩土地，至一九零九年三月再获授予一万四千英亩。同年十月，太平洋铁路公司举行了一次全国命名比赛，终采用莱恩河域鲁珀特亲王 (Rupert of the Rhine) 的名字，即哈德逊湾公司的负责人，于一九零六年二月以「鲁珀特王子港」 (Prince Rupert) 为这个地区定名。 一九零六年五月，太平洋铁路公司的测量小组在凯恩岛上建立地盘，在港口及市镇规划助理工程师 Joel H. Pillsbury 的监督下，开始在镇上开垦空地。”（ http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=415do=blogid=506095 ） Pillsbury House 的完整无损地保留和想游客开放 , 使得这座太平洋铁路城市的终端具有了浓厚的历史气息。 照片 20 张是即时拍摄的 , 其中部分是从录像中截下的。 Pillsbury House has the historical distinction of being Prince Rupert's first home - circa 1908. It was built for and was occupied by Grand Trunk Pacific railroad dignitaries and their families for a century. If this home could talk (and in some ways it does) it would disclose the conversations, dreams, and plans of Joel H. Pillsbury, 1st Assistant Harbour Engineer (the original builder) and Charles M. Hayes (founder of the Grand Trunk Pacific). No doubt they spent many hours sitting and troubleshooting their aspirations and hopes for the city of their dreams. Joel Pillsbury was a city planner and designed the house with the four upstairs gables facing the four points of the compass. http://www.princerupertlibrary.ca/pillsbury/history.htm
I am afraid one day the old version of sciencenet blog will be finally closed. Although the new version blog has more functions, I still miss my old blog,which is like my old house. Here are several pictures taken from the old blog. They are just for memory! I am one who supports reform, but also cherish the pastgood things !
BOBO 发表于2008-09-25 星期四 22:57 在 60 届艾美奖落幕次日，豪斯医生新一集开播。已然看到，来自英国的豪斯大叔仍不受老美的艾美奖待见，《豪斯医生》仅收获最佳导演奖。好歹也是奖，豪斯大叔再好也得听导演指挥嘛。不过，即便导演再好，也难掩此集 not cancer 编剧的苍白水准、医学常识和推测的不入流。 我们可以说，这一集就是一坨小烂屎（看过 《李米的猜想》 的读者，肯定明白这词）。 书归正传，说道这集医学剧情。 人物出场：打网球的美女、吊车工人、拳击手、吹号手。若说他们的共同之处，便是 5 年前均接受过移植手术，器官及组织均来自同一个人。现在前三个人当场晕倒在地，已经死亡；那小号手也已半死不活。 接下来出场的女教师 Apple ，也将面临窘境：她接受过角膜移植术。这角膜的拥有者，就是导致其他四位死亡的那人。好在，她暂时还没发病，他还活着。接下来发生什么，谁知道呢？ 五个人的生死早已被绑定？ 前三个死的蹊跷，移植心肺的却因肝脏问题死亡；移植肝脏的却因肺部疾患死亡；移植肾脏那位却出现心脏问题死亡。而那位半死不活的，移植的是小肠，出现了胰腺问题。发病前后间隔不足 8 个月，发病突然，毫无征兆，发病时便有严重并发症：心律失常、肺栓塞或颅内出血。 豪斯手下正说道上述病情时，豪斯大叔突然说道： Wilson 都为我做什么了？没错，他一心二用，还在想着与 Wilson 的关系问题。 头脑风暴开始： 1、 器官捐赠者有感染 ，病菌潜伏，未检测出来。这说不通，患者死亡原因不一，单一细菌没有这样强悍威力。 2、 捐赠者血液内有某致病因子 ，引起他们死亡。而 Apple 移植的是角膜（角膜上没有血管），所以也不会被这致病因子袭扰，所以她无生命之虞。 3、 自身免疫性疾病 。但尸检时细胞抗核抗体检测阴性，所以这个诊断被排除。 4、 脉管炎 、 过敏性紫癜 。但抗磷脂抗体检测阴性，所以也被排除。 5、 癌症（ cancer ）。 但癌症只会攻击某一特定器官，没有一种癌症会同时攻击三种器官，而上述死者死亡原因不一，所以不可能是癌症。 House 听罢，说道：就就是癌症。 其实，他支持诊断癌症，是因为这可是 Wilson 的本行，这将为其与 Wilson 的遭遇创造机会。 大家反对这个诊断，毕竟 4 次尸检和上千次实验室检查都表明，这不是癌症。 House 生气了，要求再做尸检和实验室检查，同时查明器官捐赠者怎么死的？ 没错。捐赠者的器官之所以如此慷慨捐献，说明他是健康无癌的。他因事故脑袋被削了，所以这些器官组织才被医学合理利用，进行移植，造福人类。 House 不死心，查他可能因什么癌症死亡，查他家中有无致癌物质和毒素 那女教师 Apple 呢？ Forman 检查后，说：她的眼睛可能保不住，得摘除。 House 不同意，说：问题不在眼睛，而在脑。查视力，硕大的字母， Apple 读错。看来她的眼睛的确出问题啦。 但 House 有新的见解，她在看视力表时一只眼睛没闭上，这意味着眼睛以为看到了，更准确的说是脑子以为看到了，看来她大脑有疾患。换言之，眼球的癌已扩散入大脑，所以即便摘眼球也为时已晚，所以我们得把脑袋给卸了。画面上， House 变身屠夫，一把菜刀在手，砍向 Apple 。 House 当然不会这样干。上述景象也只是 Apple 的幻觉，是她脑子所以为的情景。问题接踵而至：她的大脑有问题。 头脑继续风暴： 引起幻觉原因多达 500 种， 单纯考虑神经因素不合适 。 House 认为：如果其他移植者大脑也出了问题，那毫无疑问，我们找到病根啦。 在观看拳击手死亡前录像找死亡原因时，神秘人出现啦。他时而插入对话，时而冷笑，他是谁？ 没错，这神秘人自称是修咖啡机的天才，他说话尖刻，但穿着的菱形格子袜却暴露了身份。 House 一语中的：这哥们就是一很烂的私家侦探 Lucas 。 侦探知道的的确更全面细致：器官捐赠者出过国， 4 年前和别人生过一孩子，这孩子常有胃痛。此外，捐赠者生前曾经常暴露于汞等有害金属、水合高氯酸环境。 这些信息的确很全面。 继续寻找病因： 拳击手倒地时瞳孔放大，但肌肉仍有紧张度， Forman 考虑可能是 大脑颞叶癫痫发作 。 因此， House 要求活检 Apple 大脑，以确定病因。 这招够激进冒险，为寻找病因却在一表观健康的人身上开颅腔，放在任何医院都要被好好审查一番。 House 说：颞叶虽然重要，控制语言、听力和记忆。但若能找到病因，至少还能活着去约会，只是少了 N 多乐趣而已。 Forman 作为神经科医生，劝慰：一旦切除，后果很可能是植物人。 House 灵机一动，那找个半死不活的，我们给活检一下。他准备打小号手的主意。可家属不干啊，这招那么残忍，你凭什么让我家老头子遭罪，而仅为了查明病因救治别人呢。 编剧为 Apple 设计的台词很白痴，很自私的资本主义：我有丈夫，还有 2 岁可爱女儿，求你啦，大妈。大妈也很直接的戳穿了她的谎言，认为她就是撒谎扯淡精。 Apple 也怒啦：大妈，你是在抹杀我唯一的机会，让你那半死不活的丈夫继续苟延残喘而已。 恰此时，小号手突呼吸困难。我们的 Taub 二话没说，拿起一把手术刀便上阵，给老头做了气管切开。人工气道建立后，从气管涌出暗红血液；随即患者心跳骤停似乎（剧中未提示）， Taub 依然神勇，除颤仪在手一阵电击、电击。小号手牺牲啦。 House 知情后，便决定对小号手的大脑进行尸检。这一段演的很血腥，一般医学院学生都难以见到，一片一片的，我以为这是《电锯狂魔》或《汉尼拔》的镜头。检查结果很遗憾，一切正常的。 诊断再陷僵局。 House 依然坚持是癌症，这个诊断被 Forman 无情的批驳：你说是癌症，其实就是以此为借口同 Wilson 说话。 House 怒：那你们找个合理的解释来，要不你们都是混球。 Kutner 镇定的说：肠穿孔。在 上一集 Kutner 表现神勇，但此时却说病因是 肠穿孔 。我喷饭并冥想，片中剧情没有可能指向，这可能是肠道穿孔。我不禁对这印度小伙失望啦。 他的理由是：肠道内正常的细菌，因肠壁血管异常进入血液，便能影响所有器官。 Apple 结肠镜检查虽正常，但可能是间歇性发作而已。所以如果她腹痛，再做一次肯定没错。 House 说：这概率很小，但说不定你能以此证明我就一混球。 接下来，俩节目上演： 1 、四岁小女孩（捐赠者的女儿）行结肠镜检查。 2 、小号手屁门里灌水试验。（这检查很恶心，有点像 731 部队中的灌肠爆肚；没错，小号手肚子真的爆了，肠道内容物喷了Forman 一身。我们的 House 医生开始走变态路线了？） 此时， House 与侦探 Lucas 混的挺好，躲在冰淇淋铺里玩偷拍，在大街上跟踪美女。这一集的医院外桥段还真不少啊。 两个很 SB 检查结果都是阴性，不说也罢。（在文尾我们再来探讨下结肠镜检查。） 再入僵局，继续风暴： 但 House 斩钉截铁，我就按癌症治啦。反正是某种疾病，总得治疗，我就给上化疗啦。你们继续查一干玩意吧：脑脊液查蛋白指标，做基因测序 House 找 Apple 签化疗知情同意书，提到了一个很重要且有趣的医学名词安慰剂效应（ Placebo effect ）：病人相信医生，对医生的诊断、用药治疗有信心；但其实可能是心理作用而引起症状的好转。 Apple 探及自己移植角膜前后变化。她说：以前她是建筑师，在移植角膜后去做了数学老师。这俩职业档次和收入差别巨大，缘何？她说：移植角膜后发现世界真丑陋。医生告诉他，重见光明后，人生更加美妙约会、跳舞，好不快乐。但她发现不是这样的，人生旅程还是孤单。 House 似乎察觉了什么。 经过化疗后， Apple 还真好多了。心率不快了、呼吸顺畅了，淀粉酶和甘油三酯指标下降啦，除外有点呕吐的化疗症状。 Forman 开始认同癌症的诊断。 可 House 剑走偏锋，这不是癌症。他推翻了自己，缘何？这句貌似突然的话，其实是 House 对 Wilson 的一种恨意， Wilson 在家疗养心伤， Cuddy 院长、 Forman 都和他通过电话， Cameron 也看望过他 ，唯独略去了 House ，他当然很愤怒：我不是 Wilson 的朋友吗？所以，他推翻了自己的诊断。同时，前面他一直在坚持癌症，其实也是扯淡一种，拿患者生命开玩笑，为的是能与 Wilson 重归就好。 House 说：一开始的检验就表明这不是癌症，但这些病人却死的蹊跷，比癌症死的都惨烈。这不是癌症，但却胜似癌症。到底是什么原因呢？剧情到此，我们依然不知病因是什么，这个 Case 真的很难吗？分析一下，这一集的病情其实不典型，甚至没有完全说清楚。 House 要求大家找原因：有着癌症的表相，但却不是癌症。 House 求 Wilson 帮忙，可被无情的拒绝，没办法。我们的 Wilson 受伤太深。 House 自己开动脑筋他要开 Apple 的脑袋。为何？他认为 Apple 的大脑出了问题，在眼睛失明时，大脑枕叶起到了代偿视力作用，大脑出现了不该出现的东西。这说明，是大脑，却又不是大脑。 有点矛盾？所以要切开她的脑袋。 House 认为： 肿瘤干细胞（ Cancer Stem cell ） 的存在，能解释所有问题。不知道干细胞是什么吧？ 简言之，他们就像胚胎细胞一样，在保持自身数目同时，不断分化形成肿瘤细胞。所以，我们的器官捐赠者是携带者，它把肿瘤干细胞感染给器官接收者。这些干细胞随血液流动，驻留某器官时，便能浸润细胞并分化，他们形成了新玩意肺脏、心脏、肝脏 他们不是真正的肺脏、心脏、肝脏，却又是变态的肺心肝。他们不能发挥器官的正常作用，却是潜在炸弹。 但 Cuddy 不允许他开颅，没办法 House 利用 Lucas 的小计谋，终于把 Apple 弄上了手术台，打开了颅腔。颅骨打开后，放在大脑皮质上的感应网显示，她神经元反应速度过快。这不是正常大脑那部分的放电脉冲。所以经计算机转换过后，我们就能绘制出该切除大脑部分的图片。接下来就手术顺利。 没错，我们的 House 胜利了，他诊断对了。当切除 Appl 脑中病变部分后，她回复正常，再次看到眼前一切，她的感觉判断也正常了。 她告诉 House ，他看上去很伤心。我们的 House 大叔，在没有 Wilson 的日子里，你真是煎熬吧。但你也变心了，在剧中结尾，他向 Lucas 抛了橄榄枝，要雇用他为助手。 在快结尾时，插曲很 8 错， YYets 的版本译为： 改变世界，迈出第一步； 无论步伐多微小，第一步永远最艰难； 一旦步入正轨，你便可昂首向前； 你说你从不尝试，因为害怕失败； 如果闭上眼，房子失火； 你觉得无法动弹，直到大火熄灭； 你说你从不尝试，因为害怕失败。 这一集的医学剧情，我并不看好，感觉有拼凑嫌疑。而且角膜上是没有血管的，那捐赠者的肿瘤干细胞又是如何被传染到 Apple 身上的呢？其实， Apple 的问题并不是由于被捐赠者所感染。她大脑内的玩意导致大脑不能正确处理视觉信息，在移植角膜后，她虽能看见，但却不是真正的看见。 关于肿瘤肝细胞，最新一期的economist封面文章就是这个， 有兴趣的可以点击 。在 House 铩羽第 60 届艾美奖时，希冀他的表演依然很出色，毕竟东家已经提高了片酬。 最新一期的《外滩画报》封面文章 就是他，很不错。 感谢破烂熊那最快的版本，感谢伊甸园那更优秀的版本。 医学纰漏： 1、 剧中气管切开术不合适，指征不够（这招气管切开术在多集中反复出现，还是换个桥段吧）。其实，既然住在重症监护病房，所以肯定有气管插管设备，首要的选择当然是气管插管，然后行机械通气。此处的气管切开，可能是为了更好表现从气道涌出的血液而设置。此外，每次病人发生急症病情，监护仪千篇一律的大响特响，我怀疑这急促的叮叮声都录好了，每集都播放几遍。 2、 除颤的过程极为 SB 。如果是心室纤颤，自然要除颤，但绝非片中的那般不到一秒便电击一次的频率。如果是心跳骤停，首要的是心肺复苏术（ CPR ），先来上一阵心外按压。所以，这一段表现的极不专业，甚有误导之意，可能惊吓到部分观众。 3、 结肠镜检查。这检查听上去便恐怖，从肛门插一很长的镜子，看肠道的病变。如果你够 YY ，你可能联想到灌肠抑或日本变态 AV 。但结肠镜检查是一项很有效的手段，检查结肠肿瘤及炎症性病变。因为可以直接看到，还可以取一块组织进行活检。但是，给四岁小女孩做结肠镜，这想法太变态。难度自不待言，片中四岁女孩的配合真是好啊（无比强大的忍耐力在四岁女孩上据不可能，打个针都会极力挣扎的）。此外，如此小的年龄做此检查，肯定需要上全身麻醉的，难道我们的导演为了节省资源，就在故宁后面拿了镜子随便把几个 POSE ，蒙蔽我们过关而已？ 4、 House 按照癌症治疗，不知道用了什么药物。但需知道，没有一种普适于所有癌症的化疗药物；所以他的治疗也是有问题的。 5、 淀粉酶和甘油三酯指标事出突然，前面没任何交代。 Apple 可没胰腺问题，所以出现这俩指标的检测毫无意义，是为冗余。 转载原创文章请注明，转载自： 科学松鼠会 本文链接: http://songshuhui.net/archives/1673.html
标签: House
![[转载]"China = cheap house is not available"](http://image.sciencenet.cn/album/201102/22/172252fzhdq99t1jcsvsvh.jpg.thumb.jpg)
