2019年4月25日 The monks spend much time on meditation, which seems to be unproductive for society. But it is exactly what they want to do and enjoy it —— self-exploring. They beg for food and have it no matter how tasteful or unsavoury it is in tradition, and it is the right attitude in zen or Buddhism： just accept it and do not give any judgement. And they answer people's questions as a way to contribute to society. And for the crowd, most of whom have a job and work every day, which seems to be productive, but is that what they really pursue and enjoy? Many people do not like their occupations and just regard them as ways to make a living. They think they have to do these things to raise the children or buy a bigger house or get a better life. But actually, there is nothing that you have to do. A human can live with little cost as well as finite desire. # It's better to live with knowing the truth. 2019年4月23日 生活目标：做喜欢做的事情，乐在其中。 # 不论工作还是娱乐。 # Life is a good game. Enjoy it.
The Times of My Life 【 Betty Ford with Chris Chase （ 贝蒂·福特 ）著 《 我生命中的时光 》】 【黄安年个人藏书书目（美国问题英文部分编号 082 ）】 黄安年辑 黄安年的博客 /2019 年 1 月 26 日 发布（第 20737 篇） 自2019年起，笔者将通过博客陆续发布个人收藏的全部图书书目，目前先发布美国问题英文书目，每本单独编号，不分出版时间先后与图书类别。 这里发布的是 Betty Ford with Chris Chase （ 贝蒂·福特 ）著 The Times of My Life ( 《 我生命中的时光 》),Harper Row Publidhers and The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., 1978年版,305页。ISBN 0-06-011298-0 照片 10 张拍自该书， 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.,
歌德的植物学激情和研究历程 -- 附重要历史背景 Brief life chronology of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe(1749—1832) in the light of botany --1749: Born in Frankfurt am Main, the Holy Roman Empire ; --1754: --1759: --1765—1768: Studied law at the Leipzig University ; --1766: Fell in love with Anna Katharina Schönkopf (1746--1810); --1770: Left Frankurt and then studied at the University of Strasbourg where Goethe met German poet and philosopher Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744--1803); --1770: Fell in love with Friederike Elisabetha Brion (1752--1813) on the journey tothe village Sessenheim near Strasbourg; --1771: Received law license and set up a small legal service in Frankfurt; --1772: Practiced law in Wetzlar; fell in love with Charlotte Buff (1753--1828); --1773: Became a leading figure in the literary movement “Sturm und Drang”(storm and stress) with a successful play- Götz von Berlichingen ; --1774: Published-- Die Leiden des jungen Werthers ( The Sorrows of Young Werther ) Die Leiden des jungen Werthers: erster- Theil ... Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. Strasburg ; Hanau : , 1775. Zweyteächte Auflage. --1774: Met Charlotte von Stein (born von Schardt) (1742--1827) and formed a close relationship, which last about 12 years; --1775: --1775: Fell in love with Anna Elisabeth Lili Schönemann (1758--1817) and became engaged with Lili Schönemann secretly, which was soon resolved; Settled down in Weimar at the invitation of Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach(1757--1828) in November 1775 ; Visited the famous greenhouses in Belvedere and the botanical gardens very often; and initiated the geological and botanical studies since 1775; --1775--1785 (and onwards): Worked as an important civil servant in the Duchy of Weimar ; --1776: Appointed as Privy Councilor in the spring of 1776; Started to write diary records; Baltic German writer Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751--1792) followed Goethe to the court of Weimar in April 1776, but he was expelled in December 1776; --1778: Christiane von Laßberg (1761--1778) died on January 16, 1778; The landscape park in the Ilm Valley was set up onJuly 9, 1778. --1779: Met German poet and philosopher Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (1759--1805) in 1779, who was then a medical student in Karlsruhe; --1780: Met German botanist and horticulturist Friedrich Gottlieb Dietrich (1765--1850); --1782: Ennobled; Father-- Johann Kaspar Goethe (1710--1782) died; Read the Letters on the Elements of Botany ( 《植物学通信》 ) in the summer of 1782, which were written by French philosopher and writer Jean Jacques Rousseau ( 让 · 雅克 · 卢梭 , 1712--1778) during 1771—1773; --1783: Met German naturalist and anthropologist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752--1840) ; --1783—1785: Made fieldtrips to Harz Mountains and conducted botanical and geological studies; --1783 (and onwards): Co-worked with German mineralogist Johann Karl Wilhelm von Voigt (1752--1821) regarding the management of the mines in Ilmenau ; --1784: Discovered the human intermaxillary bone under the direction of German anatomist and surgeon Justus Ferdinand Christian Loder (1753--1832), who then was professor of surgery and anatomy at the University of Jena ; --1785: Made the first trip to Karlsbad (Carlsbad, Czech) together with his botanical assistant Friedrich Gottlieb Dietrich (1765--1850); Conducted the botanical research of seedling and field work in Ilmenau Thüringen; Set up the botanical bed for his studies of plant growth in the garden of the house on the women's plan; --1786—1788: Made journeys to Italian peninsula and Sicily under the pseudonym Johann Philipp Möller from September 1786 to June 1788 while a ccompanying the painter Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein (1751--1829), who once painted Goethe on the window in 1786 ; Fig.1. A portrait of Johann Wolfgang vo n Goethe (1749--1832) in Italy in 1786, painted by Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein(1751--1829) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s interests in botany were greatly stimulated by the Italian vegetation; --1787: German poet and philosopher Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller (1759--1805) came to Weimar in 1787; German naturalist August Johann Georg Karl Batsch (1761--1802) taught medicine at the University of Jena; --1788: Met Johanna Christiana Sophie Vulpius(1765--1816) in July 1788; Vulpius became Goethe’s secret partner soon; Conducted close relationship with German poet and philosopher Johann Christoph Friedrichvon Schiller (1759--1805) from 1788 to 1805; --1789: --1789: Made the first acquaintance with Prussian philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767--1835); Son-Julius August Walthervon Goethe (1789—1830) was born; --1790: Published-- Versuchdie Metamorphoses der Pflanzen zu Erklären ( “ An Attempt to Explain the Metamorphosis of Plants ” ); Versuch die Metamorphose derPflanzen zu erklären Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. Gotha : bey Carl Wilhelm Ettinger, 1790. --1790: Made second journey to Italy; --1790: German naturalist August Johann Georg Karl Batsch (1761--1802) founded the botanical gardens in Jena; --1791: Served as director of the Weimar Court Theater; --1792: Wrote the essay “ Experiment as Mediator Between Subject and Object ,” which was published in 1823; --1794: Worked with German poet Christian Gottlob von Voigt (1743--1819) to have commission with the botanical garden of Jena ; --1794: Otto Joachim Moritz von Wedel(1752--1794)--chief forester of Weimar—passed away; --1795: Wrote “ First Sketch of a General Introduction into Comparative Anatomy, Starting from Osteology ”; -- mid-1790s: Began to write “ Preliminary Notes for a Physiology of Plants ”; --1795—1796: Published the second novel-- Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship ( Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre ); --1796: Coined the term “ Morphology ” in Goethe’s notes of 1796; --1797: Visited German botanist Johann Hedwig FRS (1730—1799), who is the father of bryology ; --1798: Wrote the Elegy The Metamorphosis of the Plants ; German pharmacist and chemist Wilhelm Heinrich Sebastian Buchholz (1734--1798), one of Goethe’s friends and consultants in the Weimarian circle died on December 16, 1798; --1801: Visited German botanist Georg Franz Hoffmann(1760--1826) in 1801, who was then director of botanical garden of the University of Göttingen ; --1803: Commissioned with the superintendence of the natural sciences of the University of Jena; --1804: German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724--1804) passed away in Königsberg, Prussia; --1806: Napoleon Bonaparte (1769--1821) conquered Prussia and French troops occupied Weimar; --1806: Got married with Johanna Christiana Sophie Vulpius (1865—1816); --1807: German botanist and zoologist Friedrich Siegmund Voigt (1781--1850), a supporter of Goethe botanical theory, served as professor of medicine and botany of the University of Jena and the director of the Botanical Gardens in Jena from 1807 to1850 ; -- 1808: The first edition of Faust I appeared; Mother-- Katharina Elisabeth Textor (Goethe) (1731--1808) died in Frankfurt am Main; Met Napoleon Bonaparte in Erfurt on 2 October, 1808; --1810: Published-- Theory of Colours ; --1811: Published—The first part of Goethe’s autobiography (Truth and Poetry); --1812: Met German composer and pianist Ludwig van Beethoven (1770--1827) in Teplitz for the first time; --1813: --1815: Wrote a Ginkgo poem to poetess Marianne von Willemer(1784--1860) (née Jung); --1816: W ife Christiane ( Johanna Christiana Sophie Vulpius(1865--1816 ) died in Weimar; --1816--1817: Published Italienische Reise (“ Italian Journey ”); --1817: Gave up the directorship of Weimar Court Theatre; Son— Julius August Walther von Goethe (1789—1830) married Ottilie von Pogwisch (1796--1872); --1817—1824: Edited and published the Journal of Natural Science, especially of Morphology (“ On Science in General, On Morphology in Particular ”) ; --1817: Volume I, No.1 (1817) of the journal-- Morphology (“ On Science in General, On Morphology in Particular ”) Our undertaking is defended Our objective is stated The content is given a foreward The history of my botanical studies (Geschichte meines botanischen Studiums )(A short version of 1817) Genesis of the essay on the metamorphosis of plants The metamorphosis of plants History of the manuscript History of the Brochure in Print Discovery of a worthy forerunner Propitious encounter --1818: Elected to the German Academy of Sciences—Leopoldina together with Swiss botanist Augustin Pyrame de Candolle ForMemRS (1778--1841) ; --1820: Volume I, No.2 (1820) of the journal Morphology (“ On Science inGeneral, On Morphology in Particular ”) Orphean prophecy Excursus Influence of the new philosophy Intuitive judgement Indecision and surrender Creative urge Three favorable reviews Other friendly overtures Later studies and collections Outlines of osteology The intermaxillary bone Meteors of the Literary sky Addenda In memory of Caspar Friedrich Wolff (1733--1794) --1820: Volume I, No.3 (1820) of the journal Morphology (“ On Science inGeneral, On Morphology in Particular ”) Lectures on the three first chapters of a projected work on comparative osteology Pollination, volatilization and exudation Friendly gesture Angry gesture --1820: Established friendship with Bohemian naturalist Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761--1838), who is the father of palaeobotany; --1822: Volume I, No.4 (1822) of the journal Morphology (“ On Science in General, On Morphology in Particular ”) By way of introduction Botany Remarkable healing of a badly injured trees Notes for an essay on plant culture in the Grand Duchy of Weimar Analogous volatilization Sloths and pachyderms Dr.Carus: on opinions concerning shell and bone structure Fossil steer Color chart of organic nature, by Wilbrand and Ritgen (Book review) History and development of the plant world, by Schelver (Book review) Luke Howard to Goethe Remarks --1823: Volume II, No.1 (1823) ofthe journal Morphology (“ On Science in General, On Morphology in Particular ”) The objective and subjective reconciled by the means of the experiment Ananalogous procedure Remarks on a collection of diseased ivory Carus: on primitive forms of Pelecypoda and Gastropoda Problems Considerable assistance from one ingeniously chosen world On requirements for illustrations for natural history in general and for osteology in particular Chartsof organic nature, by Wilbrand and Ritgen (Book review) Nature, its system and history, by Voigt (Book review) --1823: First visited by German poet and writer Johann Peter Eckermann (1792--1854), who became Goethe’s close friend and assistant soon; Fell in love with the 19-year-old Ulrike von Levetzow (1804--1899); --1824: Volume II, No.2 (1824) of the journal Morphology (“ On Science in General, On Morphology in Particular ”) Carus:outlines of general natural sciences On hops and their disease called smut On smut, blight and honeydew Additional note on smut on hops Illustrations of outstanding horses in the Royal Prussian studs Wrong roads taken by a botanist General et species Palmarum, by Martius (Book review) --1825: Resumed to work on Faust II ; --1827: Charlotte Albertine Ernestine von Stein ( née Schardt) (1742--1827) died; --1827: Augustin Pyrame de Candolle (1778--1841) published-- Organographie végétale in two volumes; --1828: Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1757--1828) died; --1830: Son-Julius August Walther von Goethe (1789—1830) died in Rome; --1831: Published-- Spiraltendenz der vegetation ; Wrote Story of My Botanical Studies (1831); --1832: Died in Weimar at age of 83. ================== Lectures on Neobotany Palaeobotany-22a J.S. Preliminary version completed on July 21, 2017 Main links and references: Lectures on Neobotany and palaeobotany: a teaching projectand catalogue 古今植物学大讲堂 ( 工作目录 ) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1031964.html 2017-2-6 21:44 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749—1832) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ( 歌德 ,1749--1832) Georg Christoph Tobler (G. C. 托布 勒 , 1757--1812),1946. Goethe's botany--the Metamorphosis of plants (1790) and Tobler's Ode tonature (1782) / with an introduction and translations by Agnes Robertson ArberFRS (1879—1960); Chronica Botanica, Vol.10 (No.2), pages 63-126, plates 23-26 (publishedin the summer of 1946) 歌德对植物变态的研究 (1790 年 ) 托布 勒对大自然的赞颂 (1782 年 ) http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1061956.html 2017-6-20 20:27 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749—1832), 1952. Goethe’s Botanical Writings. First published by the University of Hawaii Press in Honolulu. T ranslated by Bertha Mueller (1901--??) with an introduction by Charles J. Engard(1912--1951). Reprint published by Ox Bow Press in Woodbridge, Connecticut in 1989. i—x,pp.1—258; figures 1—51, plates I—IV. Steigerwald, Joan(2002). Goethe's morphology: Urphänomene and aesthetic appraisal. Journal of the History of Biology, 35(2): 291-328. http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-1065608.html 2017-7-10 21:35 ----------- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe(1749—1832 ). Goethes morphologische Schriften / Ausgewählt und eingeleitet von Wilhelm Troll (1897--1978) Jena : E.Diederichs, 1926 ; 483 pages : illustrations -- Goethes morphologische schriften, Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. Jena, E. Diederich =================
《联合国防治荒漠化公约（ UNCCD ）》 ( 以下简称公约 ) 是 1992 年里约环境与发展大会《 21 世纪议程》框架下的三大重要国际环境公约之一。该公约于 1994 年 6 月 17 日在法国巴黎外交大会通过，并于 1996 年 12 月 26 日生效。目前公约共有 194 个缔约方。 公约的核心目标是由各国政府共同制定国家级、次区域级和区域级行动方案，并与捐助方、地方社区和非政府组织合作，以对抗应对荒漠化的挑战。在发生严重干旱和 / 或荒漠化的国家，尤其是在非洲，防治荒漠化，缓解干旱影响，以期协助受影响的国家和地区实现可持续发展。 《联合国防治荒漠化公约》是联合国环境与发展大会框架下的三大环境公约之一。 目前， UNCCD 面向全球征集 2017 年“ Land forLife Award （服务生活的土地治理奖）”，具体链接： http://www.unccd.int/en/programmes/Event-and-campaigns/LandForLife/Pages/2017-Land-for-Life-Award.aspx ：欢迎您和您熟悉的机构积极申报。请注意截止日期： 2017 年 2 月 28 日。 请注意，申报时需要下载申请表（见附件），并发给以下邮箱： jchoo@unccd.int （ Coordinatorof Land for Life Programme External Relations, Policy and Advocacy Unit UnitedNations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) ， UN Campus,Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 ） 由于不能自己推荐自己，如果您或者单位有意申请，我可以通过国际荒漠化协会（ http://desertnet-international.org/ ， DNI ）帮助您申报。 请联系我， 王飞： wafe@ms.iswc.ac.c n, 或者联系我国国家林业局（ UNCCD 的国家联络中心）。 2017 L4L Award Nomination form.docx Dear colleagues, The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) Secretariat is currently inviting partners, governmental organizations and civil society organizations to nominate candidate(s) for the UNCCD Land for Life Award 2017. The Land for Life Award recognizes excellence and innovation of individuals or organizations who have made outstanding contributions towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 15 Life on Land, in particular Target 15.3 Land Degradation Neutrality. Under the theme Land and Human Security, the 2017 Award will give spotlights to those whose work has tremendously contributing to stability and security of communities suffered from the impacts of land degradation and desertification. Your support for nominations will help us reaching out potential individuals and organizations whose efforts deserve global recognition. The deadline of nomination submission is 28 February 2017. Nominators are required to filled in the nomination form, briefly describe the candidate(s) works, and provide the rationale for nominating the candidate. Please return the completed form to jchoo@unccd.int . The Candidates Selection Criteria and Template of Nomination are as attached. We also appreciate very much that you help to spread this message to partners, organizations and civil societies that you work with. For further information regarding the award, please visit http://www.unccd.int/en/programmes/Event-and-campaigns/LandForLife/Pages/2017-Land-for-Life-Award.aspx or kindly contact me directly. Thank you and we look forward to receive your nomination. Best regards, Jenny Choo ___________________________________________ Coordinator of Land for Life Programme External Relations, Policy and Advocacy Unit United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) UN Campus, Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 53113 Bonn, Germany Email: jchoo@unccd.int Tel: + 49 228 815 2831 Skype: jenny.tze.pei.choo visit us at: UNCCD - Home @UNCCD
I have the habit of writing diary and have persisted in this habit for many years. Sometimes it's ju st the daily record of what has happened, sometimes are my observation and thinking on life. I also like to wrtite freely. Those records or the thought sparking at that moment are so dear to me when I read them once again. They can't be repeated any more. My memory is often overflowed that I can't recall my high school classmates, and even some classmates ten years ago, let alone my primary classmates. My father said he could still remember his primary classmates, and could even recite their names. He is 25 years older than me. So my memory is really becoming worse and worse. But I argues with my father that it's because I have too many classmates and schoolmates because of studying in several different schools, I have too many colleagues because of work transfer, I have too many counterparts around China because of work exchange and cooperation. So the memory in my brain is continuously carved and washed, and then carved again. At present, I never try to remember something. I just write down what I'll do some day or set reminder in my mobile phone or list them in the work record notebooks. So it's no wonder I'll be moved by myself when I read my past writing. They are so vivid, so true,so youthful. They remind me of my youth, my happiness, also my struggle time. Life can not repeat, so try to play every day well and record the wonderful parts!
流年似水，二十八载岁月悠悠，翻开过往，记忆却还如此清晰！ (The photo is from the internet: http://collegenext.org/campus-life/ ) 1986-9-10 First English Class in this semester It was the first day for us to have English class this semester. At seven o’clock in the evening, Prof. Ye entered the classroom and announced several things before the formal class. He announced the names of people who had passed the aural/oral class entrance examination. Those who have passed the aural/oral exam will be qualified to continue English study in the third year and have Amerian English teacher to teach oral English. When he called the names of other classmates, I was so excited that my heart beat fast. At last, my name was called. Then he told us what we should do as a university student and what our standard is in English study. He said that we should be trained in four aspects: reading,writing, listening, and speaking. He suggested we should read at least 5000 pages of reading materials before we graduate, we should understand what others say and we should be able to express what we want to say. Additionally, we should(have to) be able to write short compositions. I know I still have a long way to go. I’ll do my best to study. Perhaps some day I can reach the standard. 1986-9-11 A lively and interesting English class Millie is our oral English teacher coming from the USA. She looks obese, much heavier than the common Chinese women at this times. It’s the first time we experience such a free class. She is chewing her gum while she speaks to us. Sometimes she jumps up and sits on the desk, and then jumps down from the desk. She asked us whether we had English names. Some answered “yes”, some “no”. When inmy turn, I told her that I had no English name, she said, “you can have the name Gina George, okay?” Some classmates tried to think out an interesting or meaningful name. One told Millie that his name was the same as the author of the book New Concept English . How interesting! Then the teacher asked us to introduce ourselves, telling about things such as our ages, family members, hobbies, etc. Some said they like playing Pingpong,others said they like playing football or volleyball. When she asked me whether I like play badminton, I answered I like it somehow. Then she asked us whether we like playing chess, and if we did, please put up our hands. Although I have just begun to learn play chess this term, I put up my hand high, too. Then Millie asked us to close our eyes and put our heads on the desks and then turn to the right. We all did so. Then she said sth about English studying but Ididn’t catch up with her. But I knew she repeated the same sentence in three times. In the course, I looked up and had a look at the others to see whether they had looked up. I saw all students were still putting their heads on the desk. So I put my head on the desk again. At the moment, Millie laughed aloud, and all quickly looked up. She said she wanted to test whether we listened to what she said carefully. Although she had said the same thing three times, still no one looked up. Then she said if anyone had listened carefully, please pointed out whether she had made any mistakes during the talk. Some classmate spointed out her mistakes. In the end, Millie told us a story about Xiao Li. She pointed to the blackboard and read some words. She asked whether we could link the words together and narratethe story with our own words. Two boys did and then I narrated the story simply. During the two classes, we were all very happy. Millie had smiling face all the wayand encouraged everyone to answer questions or ask questions at any time. This lesson gave me an unforgettable memory. Perhaps from now on, I can improve my spoken and aural English ability greatly. I’ll work harder and be more interested in English. 1986-12-03 My w ish for a prosperous China What Millie said touched me greatly. When she spoke, I listened carefully but moved my eyes quickly as if I want to absorb all she said into my brain. She pointed out many defects existed in China.What she said is true. There are many problems in our country both in political and education systems. We are college students and we are still young. In a few years, we’ll be the main forces of our country. What should we do? We should work hard, we should change, we should reform and cut a new road. Everyone has the responsibility to devote himself to the country. One tree can’t become a forest. But many trees will make one. I believe our country will be prosperousone someday! 1986-12-06 Classmate gathering Several boys of our class came to our dorm. All were very happy! Some played chess,some played cards, and some read novels or magazines. At first, I played cards with another three. They spoke aloud and laughed out loud. Afterseveral runs, I went to watch others playing chess for a while and then sat down to read a novel Wuthering Heights. I was completely absorbed in the story, but sometimes was brought back to the scene by their laughing and shouting. 1987-5-13 Dormitory debate before the bedtime As soon as the light in the dorm went out, Z1 spoke loudly, “I think this afternoon’s discussion was very successful. All told the truth except a few pretending to be honest!” Her speech broughtout hot debate. T said, “X is a party member, … ” Before T finished her words, Z2 shouted, “Is he a party member? Who has approved him to be a aparty member? Why don’t those approving him ask for our opinions? ” W said, “Do you think they can ask for everybody’s opinions? ” Z2 spoke in much louder voice, “They always ask for the same few people’s opinions, and always ask for those who say “well, well, he is not bad!”” Zhou, keeping silence all the time, began to speak suddenly and angrily, “Please shut up! When we ask for your opinions at the meeting, didn’t you hear it? ” Z2 didn’t reply. W said slowly, “I don’t think he is qualified to be a party member.” Z2 shouted in a jubilant voice, “good, very good, completely right!” After a while, T spoke, “In fact, few party members are qualified. Those who want to be a party member only want to get a little interest for themselves. ” Z2 interrupted, “Everyonefor himself and the devil take the hindmost.” “I can’t agree with your views,” W said, “Don’t you need other’s help? Can you live without other people?” Zhou added, “Please analyze yourself more!” The debate ended suddenly and everything was in silence!
3/6/2014Thursday 10:12:25 PM Lifestyle Design---Day 21 My life in the United States What have you been up to on this fine Thursday? Today’s MorningNourishment I enjoy: Matt.13:33 ...The kingdom of the heavens is like leaven, which a woman tookand hid in three measures of meal until the whole was leavened. Rev.2:20 But I have something against you, that you tolerate the woman Jezebel, she who calls herself a prophetess and teaches and leads My slavesastray to commit fornication and to eat idol sacrifices. 18:2...Fallen, fallen is Babylon the Great!... The woman here is the same as the one prophesied by the Lord in Matthew 13:33.There the woman added leaven (signifying evil, heretical, and pagan things)into the fine flour (signifying Christ as the meal offering for thesatisfaction of God and man). This woman is the great harlot of Revelation 17,who mixes abominations with the divine things. Jezebel, the pagan wife of Ahab,is a type of this apostate church. (Rev. 2:20, footnote 1) Babylon originates from Babel....The principle of the tower of Babel involves the attempt to build up something from earth to reach unto heaven.When men built this tower, they used bricks....Stone is made by God, and bricksare made by man. Bricks are a human invention, a human product. The meaning ofBabylon relates to man's own efforts to build a tower to reach unto heaven.Babylon represents man's ability. It represents a false Christianity, a Christianity which does not allow the HolySpirit to have authority. It does not seek the Holy Spirit's guidance; it doesall things by human effort. Everything consists of bricks baked by man;everything depends upon man's action . Anything that is halfway and not absolute is called Babylon. I should be watchful towards this matter! God hates the principle of Babylon more than anything else . We need God to enlighten us so that in His light we may judge everything in us which is not absolute toward Him. LordJesus, lots of my being are still not absolute for You. May You save me fromBabylon. Lord Jesus, You draws me; I will run after you. What should be improved today: Ate too much meat and fish today, I am running a fever, catch a Canker Sores …Should pay attention to what you eat next time. Eat balanced food with plenty of vegetables and fruits. What new life hacks learnt today: Find a person who has the life or job you want. As a result of their own ego, this person will tell you how they got where they are, and how you can too. Even he or she is a person you are not familiar with, donnot hesitate to drop them an email to ask if you can buy them a coffee and talk about their job. 1 Timothy 4:12 Let no one despise your youth, but be a pattern to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity. 4:13 Until I come, attend to the public reading, to the exhortation, to the teaching. 4:14 Do not neglect the gift which is in you, which was given to you by means of prophecy with the laying on of the hands of the presbytery. 4:15 Practice these things; be in them, that your progress may be manifest to all. Must Do Tasks in the Coming Week Num. To Do List Priorities Due Date Yes/No 1 Review Structural Dynamics Chap.1-5 1 Sun. 21:30pm 2 Review Soil Engineering Chap.1-5 1 Sun. 21:30am 3 Submit the final version of the Paper 1 Thur. 10:00pm Yes 4 Finish all due Homework 1 Wed. 10:00pm To Do Lists on Friday Num. To Do List Priorities Due Date Yes/No 1 Review Soil Engineering Chap. 123 1 Fri.8:30pm 2 Review Structural Dynamic 1 Fri.21:30pm 3 Meeting with advisor 1 Fri. 16:15pm 4 Make road test appointment online 2 Sun.21:30pm 5 Pick up books in the library. 3 Next week Num. Date Books To Be Read In The Coming Days Progress 1 Saturday, March 01, 2014 Economix: How Our Economy Works (and Doesn't Work), in Words and Pictures Paperback by Michael Goodwin Currently reading it 2 Sunday, March 02, 2014 The Cartoon Guide to Calculus (Cartoon Guides) by Larry Gonick 3 Monday, March 03, 2014 The Cartoon Guide to Statistics by Larry Gonick 4 Tuesday, March 04, 2014 The Cartoon Guide to Physics by Larry Gonick 5 Wednesday, March 05, 2014 A Conversation, Book 1: English in Everyday Life, 4th Edition by Tina Kasloff Carver 6 Thursday, March 06, 2014 A Conversation Book 2: English in Everyday Life (Full Student Book) (Third Edition) by Tina Kasloff Carver
2/24/2014 Monday 10:01:52 PM Lifestyle Design---Day 11 My life in the United States Welcome to day 11! Yes, It is getting little harder too. Just have to stay motivated to write and learn. May Lord empower me. Rev. 1:1 The revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave to Him to show to His slaves the things that must quickly take place; and He made it known by signs, sending it by His angel to His slaveJohn. 2:7 He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, to him I will give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the Paradise of God.. The revelation of Jesus Christ means that this revelationis of Jesus Christ, through Jesus Christ, and concerning Jesus Christ. Godfirst gave this revelation to Jesus Christ and then gave this revelation to usthrough Him. All the revelations in the Bible are focused on Jesus Christ and are for the purpose of revealing Him . (CWWN,vol. 34, p. 163) Lord Jesus, may You reveal Yourself to me whenever I touchYour word. Again a 3-hour course---structural dynamics this evening. Unlike usual, I pray to Lord before class this time, telling Him I’m tired, and I cannot focus on it. I need His shepherding and nourishment. Praise the Lord, He answered my prayer, Lord strengthened my spirit, my soul and my body. What a wonderful lesson, and I even asked a question, talked with the Professor afterwards... This experience really motivate me to turn to Lord in everything I do, He is my source of power. Lord I need You! Now I talk a little bit about my Spanish learning experience today. Undoubtedly, Spanish is what grabs me. I really feel like I am actually having fun doing it. A very important principle I learnt today: “Masculineand Feminine Nouns: In Spanish all nouns are masculine or feminine (pretty much unbelievable…but sounds fun…). Usually, nouns that end with an o are masculine, andnouns that end with an a are feminine. For example,manzana (apple) is feminine and diario (newspaper) is masculine. The articles el and un are used with masculine nouns, and the articles la and una are used with feminine nouns.The apple is la manzana and a newspaper isun diario.------From Duolingo Progressis not linear, may be some days you will feel you know little, and then the other days you will feel you were born in Madrid . So keep it up! Just a little every day and I'll get there faster than I think. Besides,I’m a quick person, so learn to slow down in this process, and enjoy Lord,learn Spanish with Lord, His the linguist. Psalms: 23:1 Jehovah is my Shepherd; I will lack nothing. 23:2 He makes me lie down in green pastures; He leads me beside waters of rest. 23:3 He restores my soul; He guides me on the paths of righteousness For His name's sake. 23:4 Even though I walk Through the valley of the shadow of death, I do not fear evil, For You are with me; Your rod and Your staff, They comfort me. 23:5 You spread a table before me In the presence of my adversaries; You anoint my head with oil; My cup runs over. 23:6 Surely goodness and lovingkindness will follow me All the days of my life, And I will dwell in the house of Jehovah For the length of my days. Must Do Tasks in the Coming Week Num. To Do List Priorities Due Date Yes/No 1 Finish Structural Dynamics homework 1 Mon. 05:00pm Yes 2 Fellowship with Br. Luke via Skype 1 Tue. 10:00am 3 Finish Soil Engineering Homework 1 Wed. 06:20pm 4 Prepare for Road Test Documents 1 Wed. 10:00pm 5 Road Test Practice at Test Center 1 Wed. 05:00pm 6 Hand in the assigned draft paper 1 Fri. 04:15pm 7 Draft the Goals to be achieved in March 1 Fri. 23:15pm 8 Finish assigned tasks in daily schedule 1 Sun. 23:30pm To Do Lists on Monday Num. To Do List Priorities Due Date Yes/No 1 Finish Structural Dynamics homework 1 Mon. 05:00pm Yes 2 Finish assigned tasks in daily schedule 1 Mon. 23:30pm Yes 3 Fellowship with Br. Michael 2 Mon. 10:00am Yes 4 Print Road Test Appointment Details 2 Wed. 06:20pm Yes 5 Road test Practice 2 Wed. 17:30pm Yes 6 Prepare for Road Test Documents 3 Wed. 10:00pm No 7 Finish 2 pages of the Draft paper 3 Fri. 04:15pm No To Do Lists on Tuesday Num. To Do List Priorities Due Date Yes/No 1 Finish 2 pages of the Draft paper 1 Fri. 04:15pm 2 Finish assigned tasks in daily schedule 1 Mon. 23:30pm 3 Fellowship with Br. Luke via Skype 1 Mon. 10:00am 4 Finish Soil Engineering Homework 2 Wed. 06:20pm 5 Road test Practice 2 Wed. 17:30pm 6 Prepare for Road Test Documents 2 Wed. 10:00pm 7 Finish Soil Engineering Homework 3 Fri. 04:15pm
5 Simple Steps to a Better 2014 Resolutions will fail. Here's something easier and better By Mitch Horowitz Dec. 27, 2013 http://ideas.time.com/2013/12/27/five-simple-steps-to-a-better-2014/?xid=newsletter-weekly New Year’s resolutions focus on mere symptoms — overeating,lateness — of our disconnection from ourselves and others. They are bound to fail. But this time-tested method — taken from the best traditions of self-help can turn your 2014 into a genuinely more meaningful year for you in all areas of life. Here are five simple steps. 1. Try being a little kinder Toward the end of his life, the 20th century novelist and spiritual journeyer Aldous Huxley was asked by a reporter to name — out of all the Eastern philosophies, psychedelic experiments and human-potential exercises that the British intellectual had attempted — the one best method for inner development.“Just try being a little kinder,” he replied. Huxley wasn't being glib — he was entirely serious. Christ, the Buddha and the Talmudic sages alike recognized kindness as a revolutionary act. 2. Be unsparingly honest about personal goals What if a genie promised you a wish, but with a catch: you had to tell him the truth about what you really wanted — otherwise you’d lose everything. We internally repeat what we want to believe about ourselves (“I enjoy my work”) but rarely with self-scrutiny. Make a list — every day — of what you truly, deeply want out of life. Revise it repeatedly, until you feel you are being unflinching honest about your desires. This doesn’t mean becoming Walter White, but you should know what you really want. You may be surprised where it leads you. 3. Radically forgive even cruel people Nelson Mandela didnot bring justice to South Africa so much as he brought forgiveness and reconciliation. The thirst for justice often translates into vengeance, which is life withering on both a national and intimate scale. Observe New Year’s Day in a radically new way by making an authentic effort to forgive everyone — yes, everyone — who has ever hurt you.If you can honestly attempt this — and it may require a lifetime of repeattries — you will begin to experience a new sense of inner calm. 4. Express gratitude daily As Joni Mitchell sang,“Don’t it always seem to go that you don’t know what you’ve got till it’s gone.” These words are prophecy. We bypass incredible blessings each day. Afteractor Christopher Reeve was rendered quadriplegic in an accident, he observed:“I see somebody just get up out of a chair and stretch and I go, ‘No, you’re not even thinking about what you’re doing and how lucky you are to do that.’”Every morning — no matter what stresses you face — enumerate at least three things for which you are grateful. It will set your day on a different track. 5. Commit to civility We live in an era of “global cooling,” in the words of therapist PieroFerrucci. A stifling degree of cynicism and coarseness abounds in e-mail, texts and postings. Humiliation, gossip and snarkiness emanate daily from reality TV,political talk shows, and radio shock jocks. Take one radical stand: Commit yourself to civility in all communication. Compose every text, e-mail and posting as though it were addressed to someone you love. The effects may go beyond anything you would expect.
http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/01/01/258674011/editing-your-lifes-stories-can-create-happier-endings ps. This actually happened many times when I had nightmares at night. I am sure I am not alone. Now, we can eidt our daymares, too.
Being happy is a choice by June I have chosen to be happy, even after having shed some (sad) tears from time to time. Most of my friends see only the sunny side of me; a very few saw the cloudy me. You were always like sunshine, butnow I know your heart can be heavy, too. This year, I tried to write some personal greetings to friends and loved ones before Christmas, but eventually I surrendered to e-cards of mass mailing. This gives me a chance to “reply” with more personal touch. A few students and clients remembered me by sending me greetings, for which I am grateful. A few friends sent me year-endletter, to whom I responded with my own version of the letter. All these communications make me busy and happy, but only one email touched my soul. In a moment like this, I believe there must be a life before present, and a life after this. You and I must have be lovers 500 years ago, as a Buddhist wouldsay. How else could we meet during a spring break in the paradise by chance, and became soul mates? It is such a wonderful feeling when two strangers in this big world would become close friends. I do hope to meet you again, someday, in this life. Merry Christmas to you…
Written by Charles R. Swindoll 翻译: 邱敦莲 “The longer I live, the more I realize the impact of attitude on life. Attitude, to me, is more important than facts. It is more important than the past, the education, the money, than circumstances, than failure, than successes, than what other people think or say or do. It is more important than appearance, giftedness or skill. It will make or break a company… a church… a home. The remarkable thing is we have a choice everyday regarding the attitude we will embrace for that day. We cannot change our past… we cannot change the fact that people will act in a certain way. We cannot change the inevitable. The only thing we can do is play on the one string we have, and that is our attitude. I am convinced that life is 10% what happens to me and 90% of how I react to it. And so it is with you… we are in charge of our Attitudes.” ~Charles R. SwindollJanuary 4th, 2011 随着年岁的增长, 我越来越意识到态度对一个人一生的巨大影响。就我而言，态度甚至比事实更重要。态度比一个人的过去，一个人所受的教育，一个人所拥有的金钱更重要;态度比环境、失败、成功重要，比其它人如何想、如何说和如何做更重要。态度比外貌、禀赋、技能重要。态度能够成就一家公司，也能毁了一家公司；态度能成就一个家庭，也能毁了一个家庭。我们每天都在做着与态度相关的各种各样的选择。我们不能改变自己的过去，我们也不能改变某些人将以何种方式对我们产生影响这个事实，我们不能改变那些不可避免的事物, 我们唯一能做的就是弹奏好我们手上的琴弦，也就是把握好我们自己的态度。我确信我们的生活中不可避免要发生到我们身上的事占10%，而其余90%则是由我们对待生活的态度所决定的,而态度又是由我们自己所掌控的。
SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry 10 月号最新出版了一个 “ Chemistry for Life Sciences ” 专题，内容如下，如果感兴趣您可以进一步阅读免费全文： Preface XU Jun, HAGLER T. Arnold Special Topic·REVIEWS Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators derived fromnatural toxins and diverse interaction modes XU JianRong, WANG Hao, CHEN HongZhuan The complexity of G-protein coupled receptor-ligandinteractions WANG Ting Natural products and their derivatives as G-quadruplexbinding ligands SHAN Chan, TAN Jia-Heng, OU Tian-Miao, HUANG Zhi-Shu Biosynthesis of tetronate antibiotics ： A growing familyof natural products with broad biological activities TAO WeiXin, ZHU MangHong, DENG ZiXin, SUN YuHui The synthesis of benzoxaboroles and their applications inmedicinal chemistry ZHANG Jiong, ZHU MingYan, LIN YiNan, ZHOU HuChen Multiple biological functions and pharmacological effectsof lycorine CAO ZhiFei, YANG Ping, ZHOU QuanSheng Diversity evolution and jump of Polo-like kinase 1inhibitors LIAO Chenzhong, YAO RiSheng Special Topic·ARTICLES Predicting hiCE inhibitors based uponpharmacophore models derived from the receptor and its ligands ZHANG GuoDong, GE Hu, GU Qiong, XU Jun Classification of blocker and non-blocker of hERGpotassium ion channel using a support vector machine XUAN ShouYi, LIANG Hu, WANG Zhi, YAN AiXia Special Topic·NEWS COMMENTS Web search and data mining of natural products andtheir bioactivities in PubChem HAO Ming, CHENG Tiejun, WANG Yanli, BRYANT H. Stephen ======================================================================= Science China Press Co., Ltd. (SCP) is a scientific journal publishing company of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). For 50 years, SCP takes its mission to present to the world the best achievements by Chinese scientists on various fields of natural sciences researches.
Katie Couric Katie Couric quotes (showing 1-4 of 4) “Be fearless. Have the courage to take risks. Go where there are no guarantees. Get out of your comfort zone even if it means being uncomfortable. The road less traveled is sometimes fraught with barricades bumps and uncharted terrain. But it is on that road where your character is truly tested And have the courage to accept that you’re not perfect nothing is and no one is — and that’s OK.” ― Katie Couric tags: comfort , failture , inspiration , road-less-traveled “A boat is always safe in the harbor, but that's not what boats are built for.” ― Katie Couric , The Best Advice I Ever Got: Lessons from Extraordinary Lives But finally, this year, the call came from Terry Sullivan. I guess it took the first woman to lead the University in 193 years to get the job done. Girl power sister! Given that Val Ackerman, class of ’81, was the Baccalaureate speaker yesterday and all the presenters at the center podium today are women, it’s so refreshing that more than half of the country’s population is finally being represented here today by a 100 percent female line up! It seems like yesterday that I was walking down the Lawn towards Cabell Hall, thrilled and, yes, a bit melancholy that my four years at the University were over. It was quite a weekend. Right before my parents arrived, I had so many dirty dishes stacked up in the sink of my Lawn room, I put them in the trunk of my Toyota Corolla which was then towed because I kept parking in President Hereford’s parking space behind Pavilion VI ! Then I thought I wasn’t graduating at all because I couldn’t find my name in the program and was shocked that it was under the heading with honors.” In other words, I was a hot mess. So if you don’t quite have your act together yet, don’t worry. At 55, I’m still a work in progress. To be back here in Charlottesville, facing all of you, to see the faces, the Rotunda glistening in front of me in the late morning sun… well, this is pretty sweet. You don’t need me to tell you that UVA is a very special place. I have such wonderful memories of my college experience. Great professors, great friends, great hikes along Skyline Drive, great parties, and great football games I can’t really remember thanks to a great guy I got to know named Jack Daniels. (We are not encouraging alcohol consumptions here. That was just a joke.) So the memories of my youth are a collection of happy snapshots: cheerleading, running track, playing the piano, piling into our station wagon for an occasional vacation to the beach as we demolished the sandwiches my mom had made for lunch by 9 A.M., taking my sister Emily to New York to travel across the ocean to spend her junior year abroad while she was at Smith College, going to my brother Johnny’s baseball and basketball games, watching my sister Kiki driving off in my dad’s racing-green Sunbeam Alpine (his one midlife indulgence), her pom-poms peeking out as she headed to a high school football game. The accompanying score would be provided by ten years of Debussy and Chopin, courtesy of my piano teacher, Mrs. Richmond. I was the only one in my family who kept up with lessons, but because I play by ear, and, like Irving Berlin, play everything in the key of C, I often slacked off when it came to actually reading music. But I still love to sit down, even today, and figure out a song I’ve just heard or dust off some classical pieces from my early years. All these things made up a childhood that gave me a healthy sense of who I was and no boundaries for what I might become, although at the time I had no idea. To some, it might seem pretty ordinary. For me, it was heaven. Jon Meacham, a friend and brilliant writer, has just finished a new book about Thomas Jefferson that will be published in November. It contains some surprising but somehow appropriate revelations about our favorite founding father. Although most historians claim Jefferson’s final letter was written to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, in reality, his last and final correspondence was to his wine dealer in Baltimore…to make sure his delivery would be on time. So, perhaps the perfect UVA graduate knows about the rights of man but also knows the right way to party. Even though Thomas Jefferson died 186 years ago on the 4th of July, his spirit lives on here among the serpentine walls and Neoclassical buildings…and the example he set is still relevant today. He faced intense partisanship in Washington, threats from abroad, a hostile press and times of great economic challenge. Gee, sound familiar? But he weathered the tough times, endured the hate and the heat…and remained unwavering in his vision of a better tomorrow. He had faith that the power and potential of every single person could change the world. You see, Thomas Jefferson was the ultimate optimist. You all are graduating at a time when it might be tough to put on a happy face or really have faith in the future. Many of you were coming of age when 9-11 occurred. It was not only the end of innocence for you, it was the end of innocence for our country. The undergraduates here today were just starting college when the most devastating recession in decades began. Some of you may feel like you're drowning in a sea of college debt, which has actually surpassed credit card debt in our country. You’ve witnessed a decade of war in Afghanistan and Iraq. Faith in institutions…like Congress, the Media, and Banks has hit rock bottom as our national and personal debt has skyrocketed. The American Dream, though still attainable, somehow feels more elusive. These days, I think the world seems like a pretty scary and at times, overwhelming place. So, given all these challenges, W-W-TJ-D? What would Thomas Jefferson do? He’d persevere and he would prevail. And you will do the same. By now, thanks to many years of education, you’ve mastered the three R's as in reading, writing and arithmetic...which is actually just one R not 3! But there are three other R’s that are essential for success, not just in your career but in your life: Risk, Rejection and Resilience. I often wish that I could bottle my parents’ special recipe for raising happy, healthy, successful children. My dad always encouraged us to do our best, and there was accountability when we didn’t. A cerebral, gentle man, but a tough disciplinarian, when he called us we responded, “Yes,” he would say, “Yes what?” We were required to answer, “Yes, sir,” although my brother Johnny, who had a slight lisp when he was little, would say, “Yeth, thir!” My mom, funny and creative, was the personification of the adage “An idle mind is the devil’s playground.” Saying “I’m bored” was tantamount to committing murder, and we were always enrolled in summer school, primarily because she wanted us out of her hair. One summer, when all the other classes were full, she put Emily, a stellar student, in remedial reading, which clearly helped her graduate Phi Beta Kappa from Smith. In the commercial break before I went on, I could hear the two anchors…and they were talking about ME. “Who IS that girl?” One asked. “I don’t know but she looks like she’s 16 years old.” I sounded even younger as I squeaked out, “President Reagan is beginning his day with a meeting in the Oval Office with National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. The president of CNN called after I appeared, he called the assignment desk and said he never wanted to see me on the air again. Needless to say, I was devastated. Thank God for Haagen-Dazs. Bill Cosby offered his own version of an early career nightmare in an essay for my book. It was the sixties, and he was performing in a Chicago comedy club. He walked out on stage and delivered a 25-minute routine in exactly 12 minutes because nobody laughed. Convinced that he would be fired, he faced the club manager. “I want you to go back to your hotel room,” the manager said, “and send Bill Cosby here to do the second show.” Meanwhile, Kathryn Stockett, who wrote a pretty successful little book called The Help, got 60 rejection letters…that's right, 6-0 before an agent finally said yes. Rejection can be the ultimate reality check. It makes you work harder and get better. My boss at CNN wasn’t being mean. He was actually right - I stunk. Bill Cosby’s club manager wasn’t a jerk. Bill just wasn’t funny that night. As for Kathryn Stockett, I really don’t have an explanation for that one…but after five years of writing and three and half years of rejection she had plenty of time to polish her prose. Rejection can be humbling. And speaking of humility, class of 2012, it’s time for the tough love portion of the program. I tend to hate it when cultural observers make rash generalizations about entire generations BUT, here’s the rap on yours. By the way, this may be more about your parents, than you. And since I’m THEIR generation, let me preface this with….guilty as charged! They say you’ve been over coddled, over parented. You haven’t learned to deal with disappointment or setbacks, or rejection, because you haven’t really had to. After all, everyone made the soccer team and everyone got a trophy, right? That was BC. Before cancer. That jarring transition was exactly how it felt. Just fifteen months after Carrie was born, Jay was diagnosed with stage-four colon cancer and we were pulled into a swirling vortex of panic, depression, anxiety, and fear. We were desperate to find any reason to hope, but the situation, I can only now admit, was hopeless. When I told my mother-in-law, Carol (who was herself undergoing treatment for ovarian cancer), that the doctor had informed me that there were tumors all over Jay’s liver, she responded with a deflated and uncharacteristic “Shit.” What followed were nine months of brutal treatments, endless futile searches for newly discovered therapies, and copious quantities of denial. We never talked about the fact that Jay might die Acknowledging that made it too real. The closest thing to a discussion of the possibility of death came when I told Jay that if something happened to him, I didn’t think I could come to the country house we had just bought. I couldn’t imagine going there, to his dream house, without him. “Well,” he said, cushioning the blow of his almost guaranteed absence, “I hope it will be full of happy memories.” He died after collapsing on the floor of our powder room on January 24, 1998. The life I had imagined and cherished was also buried on a freezing, windy January afternoon. How do you keep going when you want to curl up into a ball and never leave your bedroom? How do you squeeze all the joy out of life while dealing with all the messy parts? How can you find a calling that fills you up, gives you a sense of purpose and your life meaning, and doesn’t leave you feeling full of regret and remorse? How do you shut out the voices (including, at times, your own) that tell you you’re not good enough and you shouldn’t even try? How can you “recalculate” your route when your personal GPS is on the fritz? These are questions we all ask ourselves at one time or another. I know I have. But I’ve always found comfort and guidance in hearing from people who have wrestled with the same questions and, through the simple act of living, have found their own versions of the right answers. Their stories are sometimes found in books, like Katharine Graham’s Personal History, or in speeches, like Theodore Roosevelt’s “Man in the Arena.” But I’ve also found inspiration in an unlikely place: the commencement address. I’ve given a dozen through the years, and I’m always interested in what other speakers have to say. These addresses are often thoughtful, entertaining, and very personal. And, like eulogies celebrating a life well lived, they make you want to be a better version of yourself. But the greatest test of my resilience wasn’t professional. It was intensely personal. In 1997 I had a fantastic career, a wonderful, intelligent husband and two healthy daughters who were one and five at the time. I felt happy and complete. Then, in an instant…everything changed. In April of that year, Jay Monahan, my husband was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer. My life as I imagined it was crumbling before my eyes. But every day during his nine-month battle, I was in awe of his extraordinary courage and grace. And every day I felt like there was a vice around my heart. On January 24, 1998, Jay collapsed in the bathroom and died on the way to the hospital. Suddenly, I was a single mom and a member of a club I never in a million years anticipated joining, certainly not at that age. I was a widow. It felt so weird to even say the word. In the months after Jay’s death I was inundated with books about grief and how to deal with it. But I derived the most strength from a simple quote by none other than Thomas Jefferson, who said, “The earth belongs to the living.” And I had to go on living. I had to for my daughters. And thankfully, I had a job that enabled me to turn my grief into advocacy. At the Today Show I had a built-in bully pulpit which allowed me to educate the public about colon cancer and try to prevent other families from enduring the heartaches, heartache ours had. I wanted…no, needed…to share what I had learned…that colorectal cancer is the second leading cancer killer of men and women in this country, but with early detection, it has a better than 90 percent cure rate. My on air colonoscopy brought whole new meaning to the expression up close and personal. As a result though, there was a twenty percent increase in the procedure, and that meant, hundreds, perhaps thousands, of lives saved. Researchers at the University of Michigan called it the Couric Effect. But I call it the Jay Monahan Effect. Nearly four years after Jay died, I lost my sister Emily to pancreatic cancer. As some of you might know, she was a state senator representing Charlottesville, and many predicted she would one day be the first female governor of Virginia. I can tell you honestly, she was the real star of our family. Emily cared deeply about education, about the underserved, and when she was diagnosed with cancer, she began, in typical fashion, to think of ways she could help other people fighting this disease. The Emily Couric Clinical Cancer Center here at the University is a beautiful and bittersweet tribute to someone else who had so much left to do...and so much more to give. Life can deal you some crushing blows and we all need a deep reserve of resilience to survive. Losing someone is also a reminder that life is short...and fragile. We're all terminal. And that's why we have to be grateful for the time we have and savor the joy that comes our way. I found that people were especially happy to share their stories for a worthy cause. I have partnered with Scholarship America, a nonprofit scholarship and educational support organization founded in 1958 that has made it possible for students across the country to achieve their college dreams. I’ve heard and read many stories of Scholarship America students whose lives were forever changed by the gift of education beyond high school. Students like Matt, a high achiever with a twin brother and a younger sister whose middle-class family couldn’t afford to send him to his dream school until Scholarship America’s Dollars for Scholars program made it possible. Or Molly, whose plans for a nursing career were put on hold when her husband’s trucking business went belly-up due to soaring gasoline prices, until Scholarship America’s Dreamkeepers program allowed her to stay in school and get her degree. Nothing is more gratifying than hearing stories of those who “pay it forward” - people like Rain, a young woman who immigrated to the United States from China at age six and used her scholarship to pursue a career at a nonprofit that provides services to New York City children; or Linda, the daughter of a single Mexican-American mother of six, who won a scholarship and is now attending UCLA with the hopes of becoming a doctor. And then there’s Jay, now in his sixties, who received a $300 scholarship back in 1969 when public school tuition was $200. Jay was able to earn his MBA, go on to a successful career in finance, and then, in his retirement years, volunteer for a local chapter of Scholarship America - talk about coming full circle. “Misperceiving that there is one correct choice is a common mistake. Coming to understand that there are usually a few good choices--and then there's the one you pick, commit to, and make great--is the best way to make flexible, optimal, good decisions in life.” When my sister Emily was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer just two years later, it seemed too much to bear. She was a rising political star in Virginia and many expected her to be the first female governor of the state. But to me she was my smart, beautiful, and driven oldest sister who set a high bar for all the Couric kids. Just as Jay had, she fought like hell, with grace and guts. She was also a wonderful wife and the mother of two fantastic sons. My first four decades of life seemed to be getting some kind of psychic payback. Two of the finest people I’ve ever known were infuriatingly ripped off, as were all the people who loved them. When Jay was in the midst of his battle with cancer, I resented people laughing over lunch at a crowded cafe, walking their babies in strollers, the women whose biggest problems involved which sweater they were going to buy that day. I wanted to shake my fists at them and yell, “How can you be enjoying yourselves? My whole world is falling apart!” I now realize that everyone struggles, and that my mom was right: Very few of us get through this life unscathed. Scratch beneath a stranger’s surface and you’re likely to uncover professional setbacks, broken hearts, unspeakable loss, unfulfilled dreams, or worse. Everyone seems to keep going but, God knows, navigating through it all isn’t easy. “You can't please everyone, and you can't make everyone like you.” ― Katie Couric
有态度的Academy Research Life ——捕捉科学家最为朴实和平淡的科研态度，做有态度的学者！ 活跃在 LINKIN 上的老学者 Ronald Aungier ，令人很惊讶！ 社交网站 LINKIN 上 TurbomachineryDesign and Analysis 小组内，网友 ashkan 请教轴流透平 1 维中弧线分析方法相关的喉部堵塞问题，网友 Damian 向其推荐 Ronald Aungier 的这本书《 Turbine Aerodynamics Axial-Flow and Radial-FlowTurbine Design and Analysis 》。过几天后老学者 Ronald Aungier 居然给他留言，并提供了建议，还列出了书中具体页码让其参看。 就像网友 ashkan 自己所说的令他吃惊。我也很佩服国外学者的敬业精神！ MIYOSHI GROUP 主页列示科研资源，细心细致！ 日本东京大学 Miyoshi 副教授研究小组主页上列示了丰富全面的科研资源，包括数据库、同行介绍、软件、代码以及代码的使用说明，编译器等科研工具，非常细致认真，工作细微但让人敬佩！ 书籍《言论的自由，美国宪法第一修正案简史》,作者：Anthony Lewis 部分观点同样适用于科研： 那些为我们所痛恨的思想同样自由； 强制性保持观点一致性，所能获得的只是墓地般死气沉沉的一致； 引述他人研究成果时必须给出中肯的评价，不允许胡诌 下图所示为文献 中对比代码和商业软件计算特性线性能，蓝线代表剑桥大学 Denton教授 的代码，可以发现其计算轴流压气机裕度过低，但原文作者仍然给出肯定的评价。 Denton 在文献 中引用该图片说明叶轮机计算流体力学存在的问题。 学术交流不允许恶意猜测、评价，应该尊重客观事实。 Woollatt, G., Lippett, D.,Ivey, P.C., Timmis, P., Charnley, B.A., 2005, “The Design, Development andEvaluation of 3D Aerofoils for High Speed Axial Compressors, Part 2: Simulationand Comparison with Experiment,” ASME Paper GT2005-68793. Denton,J.D., 2012, “Some Limitations of Turbomachinery CFD,” ASME GT 2012-22540.
Docomentary 2008 NR 83 minutes This documentary takes an in-depth look at the influential career of iconic photographer Annie Leibovitz, from her earliest artistic efforts to her storied tenure at Rolling Stone and Vanity Fair magazines and beyond. Intimately filmed by Annie's sister Barbara Leibovitz, the program features interviews with the artist as she works at home, along with telling insights from many of the celebrities she has photographed, such as Mick Jagger. You can watch film here: http://vimeo.com/42602711 ps. If you lived in the US in the early 1990s, you may have seen both of these photos taken by Annie Leibovitz. More Demi Moore Demi's Birthday Suit
还没去影院。等情绪好了再； 先做做功课。 Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com Open in Google Docs Viewer Open link in new tab Open link in new window Open link in new incognito window Download file Copy link address Edit PDF File on PDFescape.com 李安是个黑人，原来就知道的， ——用理性粉碎美好的高手； 但他又很会伪装， 让你通篇找不到理性， 只有感性。 李安是黑暗的，纯粹的没有希望。 正如理性是黑暗的，完全的没有美感。 而李安却特别会用美感来掩饰黑暗。 李安这次的片子，还有它一贯的绝望吗？ 或许没有了， 因为李安说，他已经 “度过了中年危机” 。 认命了；耳顺了。 老了？ 也许。 但对于黑暗的理性来说， 理想是个儿语， 信仰是梦呓， 梦想是放PI。 也许这才是李安的PI。 等心理更强大的时候，zai去看看吧。 看看那华丽的近乎魔法的画面下面， 静静流淌的黑暗， 和残酷， 顺便探寻一下， 老李子的精神问题。 =================== =========================================== ============================================================== 后记： 到了影院，虽然重重的偏振镜片压在近视镜片上，不住地会往下滑， 但是影像和3D效果竟然仍然是很清晰。。。清晰，乃至“ 单纯 ”（李安的用语）。 听到爸爸说的话里，有好几个地方提到“理性”，就知道李安这次确实没有安好心。 后来又看到PI见什么信什么，就更知道了， 李安，虽然过了中年危机，但是没有过信仰危机。 也许永远过不了。 【 （柴静） 这个老虎对你来说是什么？】 【（李安） 这个不能讲。 】 不打自招。你不敢说。你需要 票房 。 许多人说这个片子应该获奥斯卡， 实际上， 我看这纯属放PI， 比它好看的多了。 而如果因为它的思想境界比较高远的话 ——也不合适奥斯卡； 毕竟，奥斯卡是给那些对社会提出有益的问题的影片而设的。 李安境界，没有【用处】。 PI最后的微笑，是对“生存”的认命。 没有绝望，也没有希望； ——耳顺，而已。 没有什么境界。 period. 李安的华丽丽的PI。
If you read what he posted on the Web, you will agree with me. Note: The yellow highlight was from me. 我为什么逃离科研.pdf What he suffered is a typical burn e d -out that ma ny of us may not realize until much later in life, say, in our 40s or 50s, which would then be called " M idlife C ris i s." It is high schools' fortune to have new blood like h im. ps. I am definitely not as smart as Dr. Zhao. I only thought about quitting research when I was in my late 40s. At t hat time, I thought very hard about what I would do next. At first, I thought about teaching high school math/sciences. In fact, I was offered a summer teaching job after I applied to two top private schools in Honolulu. I chickened out, beca use the students in a summer math class may be from other schools, including public schools so their math abilities would be a mixed bag. Another reason wa s the lack of freedom in ter ms of time, as ma ny research jobs do not requi re you to work in your office... Of course, I did consider teaching h igh school would be a waste of my training as a numerical ocean modeler. So, I finally e n ded up starting my own business, as a freelan ce English editor...
This one is for Thanksgiving. DEAR ABBY: I'm 43 and have been hosting Thanksgiving for 19 years. My mother turned it over to me when I bought my first house because she was tired of doing it. We always entertain the same group of 12 relatives. I have mentioned doing something different, but no one has enough room or the desire. If I didn't host it, I'm afraid they'd be hurt and have nowhere to go. How do I break it to them that I am burned out? I would just like to go out to eat and see a movie. Please help. -- EXHAUSTED HOSTESS DEAR EXHAUSTED: Ten days before Thanksgiving is a little late to cancel what has become an annual celebration. However, it would be the perfect time to announce that after 20 years of hosting the gathering, you are burned out. Therefore, those who have enough room should share the responsibility and alternate with you, or all of you should make your own arrangements.
http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science/articles?type=article_typevalue=Postdoc+journalyear=2011 I hope this link works. It's Nature archive of articles written by post docs. I didn't read them all, but thought they might be of interests to some of you, p o st docs.
After having no meat for days (when I ate one or two eggs per day), I finally gave in. Ok, it's my body that gave in . I felt ill, and wanted to regain my strength. I feel guilty. Sorry, lobsters and cows, I will stay away from you for a while...
Nature | News Study challenges existence of arsenic-based life Open-science advocates fail to reproduce controversial findings. Erika Check Hayden 20 January 2012 A strange bacterium found in California’s Mono Lake cannot replace the phosphorus in its DNA with arsenic, according to researchers who have been trying to reproduce the results of a controversial report published in Science in 2010 1 . http://www.nature.com/news/study-challenges-existence-of-arsenic-based-life-1.9861
The Case (Study) of Arsenic Life: How the Internet Can Make Science Better By Rebecca J. Rosen Jul 9 2012, 4:37 PM ET http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/the-case-study-of-arsenic-life-how-the-internet-can-make-science-better/259581/ At every step of the way, newer tools for conveying and analyzing science had better results than more traditional methods. This weekend brought to a close the year-and-a-half-long arsenic-life saga. Or really I should say #arseniclife saga, as the Twitter hashtag that trailed every turn is itself a sort of metonym for the greater story -- not the story of a strange microbe that lived in Mono Lake, but of how science works, and sometimes doesn't, in these early times of online publishing, analysis, and, of course, chatter. Here's how it all came to an end: On Sunday, while scientist Rosie Redfield spoke at the Joint Congress of Evolutionary Biology, two papers , one by her and her colleagues and another by a separate group, were published on the website of the journal Science . Together, the papers represent a summary refutation of the claims, first made in December of 2010, that the bacteria (GFAJ-1) could use arsenic to build its DNA, not phosphorous as is the case with all other life on Earth. As it turns out, GFAJ-1 is just like the rest of us -- phosphate-dependent -- and doesn't represent some strain of alien or separately evolved life here on Earth, as the existence of arsenic-based life implies. Though the papers were not set to be published until later this month, Science released them early -- during Redfield's talk -- in a move that surprised even Redfield herself, and garnered a cheer from the live audience in Ottawa . This is all as it should be, right? As Redfield told the Washington Post 's Marc Kaufman , "A very flawed paper was published and received an inordinate amount of publicity. ... Now refutations of the work by two independent research groups are appearing in the same high-profile journal, and the refutations are being well publicized. This is how science is supposed to work." But there's something lacking in this. All is not well just because it has ended well. Perhaps that's true for the scientific core of the story, the narrow question of whether GFAJ-1 depends on phosphate. But the bigger story -- how the original, shoddy paper was hyped by NASA and Science beyond responsible levels; how the authors of that paper handled the criticism; right up until how Science kept the new papers and their authors under lock and key until last night, even while Redfield's paper was already available on arXiv.org ; and, notably, how the open fora of science blogs and Twitter provided a platform for public analysis and scrutiny -- this story demonstrates the large problems with the process of how science is packaged and delivered, and how the tools of the web could be deployed to make that process better, smarter, and more efficient. The problems showed their fanged teeth right from the get-go, on November 29, 2010, with the news arriving in the form of a NASA press release . Okay, okay I jest. No news really arrived in the press release. Rather, NASA announced that they *would be announcing later* "an astrobiology finding that will impact the search for evidence of extraterrestrial life." This, predictably, had the entire Internet dying with anticipation. Could there be a more tantalizing press release? Jason Kottke asked , "Has NASA discovered extraterrestrial life?" Gawker followed suit : "Did NASA discover life on one of Saturn's moons?" Alexis Madrigal jumped in and ruined all the speculation-fun, tweeting , "I'm sad to quell some of the @kottke-induced excitement about possible extraterrestrial life. I've seen the Science paper. It's not that." But that wasn't anywhere near the end of it: Four days later -- once the paper was released, embargo lifted, science revealed -- the news of arsenic-based life (even arsenic-based life here on Earth) was still pretty dope. As Phil Plait of Bad Astronomy wrote, "First off, just to be straight and to dispel the rumors: this is not aliens on Titan, or Mars, or anywhere else. This bizarre life form was found right here on good ol' Earth. And don't be disappointed: this is still pretty cool news." Life, whatever that magical quality is, was more diverse, resilient, and possible than we had ever previously had reason to believe. But pretty soon even the Earth-based claims began to fall apart, most prominently and thoroughly on Rosie Redfield's blog, RRResearch, where she wrote, NASA's shameful analysis of the alleged bacteria in the Mars meteorite made me very suspicious of their microbiology, an attitude that's only strengthened by my reading of this paper. Basically, it doesn't present ANY convincing evidence that arsenic has been incorporated into DNA (or any other biological molecule)." And then she proceeded to eviscerate the paper's claims. Six months later, she, along with seven others, published in Science their criticisms of the study , and the study's authors, led by Felisa Wolfe-Simon, responded at length. As Carl Zimmer wrote in Slate at the time : For scientists who only get their information in print, this may be the first they've heard anything about a longstanding controversy that's come to be known over the past six months by its Twitter hashtag: #arseniclife. For those of us who have been tracking #arseniclife since last Thanksgiving, however, today comes as an anticlimax. There's not much in the letters to Science that we haven't read before. In the past, scientists might have kept their thoughts to themselves, waiting for journals to decide when and how they could debate the merits of a study. But this time, they started talking right away, airing their criticisms on the Internet. Now today, more than a year later, the fruits of some of those criticisms have been published on the Science website, pushed out from under their own embargo by Redfield's talk. At every single step of the way in this long tale, there is a tension between the archaic, rule-bound process preferred by NASA and Science and the free-for-all, rapid-consumption ethos of science online. And at each step, the science and surrounding reporting coming from the latter looks smarter, cooler-headed, and more solid than that emanating from the older organs. Begin with the press release which ramped up expectations beyond where the science could go, look at Alexis's tweet, which tried to bring them back down ( and which teetered on the edge of acceptable embargo behavior ). The whole process makes little sense: As EmbargoWatch's Ivan Oransky wrote at the time , "If the goal is to communicate the science accurately, and there's a lot of allegedly inaccurate coverage floating around out there about a study that is already peer-reviewed and proofed, and available in PDF form to reporters, can someone please explain why the best thing to do is to wait until Thursday to release the actual study?" Then go from the press conference to the initial fall-out. Points go to Redfield and other scientists who debunked the study on their blogs and Twitter streams. Wolfe-Simon and her team, for their part, refused to wade in (that is, any more than they already had by, you know, publishing the paper). "Any discourse will have to be peer-reviewed in the same manner as our paper was, and go through a vetting process so that all discussion is properly moderated," Wolfe-Simon wrote to Zimmer. "The items you are presenting do not represent the proper way to engage in a scientific discourse and we will not respond in this manner." Finally, take a look at the most recent incident, when Redfield had to walk a delicate line during her talk on this topic, not to *break an embargo of a paper that was already freely available on arXiv.org.* She ruminated on her blog in advance of her talk about the instructions Science had sent her: Science asks authors to not initiate contact with the press about their publication, and to only talk to members of the press who have agreed to respect the embargo. Authors are free to present their data at conferences, but are asked to inform Science of this in advance. All this seems a bit silly when applied to research results that have already been widely publicized, with the manuscript publicly available on the arXiv server (it's also on PubMed Central but not released yet). So I emailed Science for clarification. The response asked for what seem to be slightly tighter restrictions (to not mention that the paper is in press at Science, to not talk to the press after my presentation). These seem inappropriate, since this is a public-outreach talk and since a major focus of my presentation will be on how science is communicated. Miraculously, (or, as Zimmer said, "weirdly,") midway through Redfield's talk, Science changed its mind, posting both Redfield's team's paper and another a half-hour into her talk, though they did so in a haphazard way, alerting only reporters who had specifically requested a heads-up about this story, not everyone who was under the embargo . Regardless of the details, Oransky said " Science did the right thing by releasing the paper early." (Though, it should be noted, that paper is still not universally available. Unless you have institutional or personal access to the pages of Science, let me direct you to ArXiv .) And, finally, in this comparison of traditional science publishing and newer avenues, no greater stain exists than the mere fact of the study's publication that holy of holies, the peer-reviewed pages of Science. One source told Zimmer early o n: "This paper should not have been published." The paper has not been retracted, just refuted, but there is no question that the peer reviewing of the web worked better than the closed peer reviewing of a journal -- that the vetting that should have happened before publication happened after. As Matthew Battles put it , "The scientists' onstage tensions, like the grumblings of colleagues elsewhere, are entirely healthy expressions of the human reality of science--but perhaps a NASA press conference was not their ideal setting. Results like Wolfe-Simon's would be better presented in a journal committed to open access. In future, NASA would do well to let the process play out before calling for the biology textbooks to be rewritten." So much for "the proper way to engage in a scientific discourse." Perhaps this is clear, but the reason to have "proper" methods of engagement is because they ostensibly will produce better science and better science journalism. But in this one case study, we can see how the opposite is true: The "proper" paths of engagement produced uninformed hype, poor science, and kept the sources -- both human and paper -- away from a conversation that was simmering with genuine enthusiasm and curiosity. The best science -- and the best science writing -- could come when we allow those natural levels of interest to have a field day with the research and researchers that are out there. The curious may never be satisfied, but at least they will have some science to sink their teeth into, rather than the vapors emitting from some press releases, press conferences, and papers whose authors shy away from the conversation. Jonathan Eisen, UC Davis professor and open-science advocate, put it to me this way: "If we think about what science is supposed to be, it's supposed to be about discovery and testing of hypotheses and ideas to explain the world around ... There is nothing in that system that says that it only works in this system that we have of peer reviewed journals. It is true that the system we have has done a decent job for years. And there is no doubt in my mind that the web, social media, and other novel forms of communication can enrich science." We are still only at the very leading edge of what the new world of science could look like. But the case of arsenic life gives us some clues, and some reason to look forward, not withstanding any hype.
Test That Can Determine the Course of Life in China Gets a Closer Examination By Christy Khoshaba The Exam: Nine million students took China's college entrance exam this year, competing for fewer than 7 million university spots. By EDWARD WONG Published: June 30, 2012 Facebook Twitter Google+ Email Share Print Single Page Reprints BEIJING — Millions of high school graduates across China have been furiously dialing telephone hot lines or gathering with family members around the home computer in recent days in a nail-biter of a ritual not unlike that of waiting for a winning lottery number. Connect With Us on Twitter Follow @nytimesworld for international breaking news and headlines. Twitter List: Reporters and Editors Enlarge This Image Agence France-Presse — Getty Images Students arrived for the first day of the college entrance test in June in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The number, in this case, is the score for what is generally considered the single most important test any Chinese citizen can take — the gaokao, or college entrance examination. High school seniors took the test over two to three days in early June. Now, the tests have been graded, the numbers tabulated and the results released, region by region. In the final step, college selections are being made in an opaque process that stretches from late June into July. “When the result came out on June 23, it happened to be my 18th birthday,” said Yang Taoyuan, who lives with his parents in Kunming, capital of the southwest province of Yunnan. “We had a family get-together on that day, and everybody was there when we called over to a hot line to find out about my scores.” In a country where education is so highly prized, the score that a student earns after the days of testing at the end of high school is believed to set the course of one’s life. The score determines not just whether a young person will attend a Chinese university, but also which one — a selection, many Chinese say, that has a crucial bearing on career prospects. But debate appears to have grown more heated lately over the value of the gaokao (pronounced gow-kow). Critics say the exam promotes the kind of rote learning that is endemic to education in China and that hobbles creativity. It leads to enormous psychological strain on students, especially in their final year of high school. In various ways, the system favors students from large cities and well-off families, even though it was designed to create a level playing field among all Chinese youth. Last month, a 12-minute television segment railing against the exam by Zhong Shan, a well-known talk show host in Hunan Province, gained popularity on the Web and became a focal point for fury against the gaokao in particular and the Chinese educational system in general. Also widespread on the Internet were photographs taken in a Hubei Province classroom of students hooked up to intravenous drips of amino acids while cramming. Perhaps most shocking to the public was the story of Liu Qing , a student from Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, whose family and teachers hid from her for two months the fact that her father had died so as not to upset her before the exam. Ms. Liu, according to reports in the Chinese news media, did not hear the news about her father until after she had completed the test. “We Chinese are indeed the most intelligent people in the world,” Mr. Zhong said near the end of his widely broadcast screed. “Is there no way at all we can avoid having the younger generation, the future of our nation, grow up in such a fearful, desperate and cruel atmosphere?” Standardized testing is common throughout the world, and students and parents in nations like the United States, Britain and France also complain loudly about the weight that admissions committees at universities place on such tests. But the admissions process in those countries is still considered much more flexible than that in Asian nations. The emphasis on entrance exams in China, South Korea and Japan induces widespread fear and frustration, leading more and more parents from elite families to look for alternatives, like sending their children abroad. Defenders of the gaokao, which has its roots in the imperial exam system, say the test is a crucial component in a meritocracy, allowing students from poorer backgrounds or rural areas to compete for spots in top universities. Nevermind that the odds are heavily against those students, since a quota system based on residency means it is much easier for applicants in cities like Beijing and Shanghai to get into universities there, which are generally considered the best in China. Peking University, among the most prestigious, does not release admission rates, but Mr. Zhong said on his television program that a student from Anhui Province had a one in 7,826 chance of getting into Peking University, while a student from Beijing had one in 190 odds, or 0.5 percent. (Harvard had a 5.9 percent acceptance rate this year.) 1 2 Next Page Christy Khoshaba contributed reporting from Kunming, China, and Jacob Fromer from Hong Kong. Mia Li and Shi Da contributed research. A version of this article appeared in print on July 1, 2012, on page A 4 of the New York edition with the headline: Test That Can Determine the Course of Life in China Gets a Closer Examination. Page 2 of 2) Even supporters of the gaokao system acknowledge the level of anxiety involved. It is not uncommon for Chinese to have recurring nightmares about cramming for and taking the gaokao years after they have graduated from university. Many schools in China set aside the final year of high school as a cram year for the test. Mr. Yang, the student in Kunming, said he spent 13 hours a day in his senior year studying, and his parents even rented an apartment for him near his school so he would not have to waste time traveling back and forth to his parents’ home. Enlarge This Image Agence France-Presse — Getty Images Parents waited as their children took the college entrance examination in Wuhan in June. Connect With Us on Twitter Follow @nytimesworld for international breaking news and headlines. Twitter List: Reporters and Editors “When I was getting close to the test, pretty much all I did besides eat and sleep was study,” Zhao Xiang, a high school graduate from Zunyi, Guizhou Province, said in an Internet chat interview. He said students’ lives before the gaokao were full of suffering: “Sometimes it was pressure from my family, sometimes it was the expectations from my teacher, sometimes it was pressure from myself. I was constantly in a really bad mood in the period before the gaokao. I was really confused.” A report by Xinhua, the state news agency, said that of the 9.15 million students who took the gaokao this year, about 75 percent would be admitted to universities in mainland China. Once the students get their scores, they submit to education officials a list of universities, ranking them in order of choice. Administrators at the universities then look at the students’ scores and decide whether to admit them for the coming September. Many universities do set aside a few slots for students admitted on the basis of special merit, thus allowing leeway for students who do not take the gaokao or have low scores. Admission in those cases can be based on factors like musical talent, foreign language skills or athletic prowess, as in the United States. Ethnic minority students sometimes get an advantage. Of course, children of senior Communist Party members, government leaders and prominent businesspeople have their own back channels to admission, a phenomenon that exists, too, in the West, though perhaps not to the same degree. There has also been a growing trend of students in China applying to universities outside the mainland. Many Chinese parents — including the party’s top leaders — not only value a foreign degree over one from a Chinese university, but also want their children to avoid the stress of taking the gaokao. An Education Ministry report last year said the number of high school students from top cities leaving the mainland to pursue higher education overseas grew at 20 percent each year from 2008 to 2011. Gao Haicheng, a junior in Kunming, said he planned to apply to universities abroad rather than ones in China. Though avoiding the gaokao is not his main aim, Mr. Gao said the exam “is a big problem in China’s education system.” “In China, they only use marks to explain something,” he added, referring to the emphasis on the gaokao score. Each year, cheating scandals become the talk of China. One common tactic was for students to give their identification cards to look-alikes hired to take the test; later, many provinces installed fingerprint scanners at test centers. In 2008, three girls in Jiangsu Province were caught with mini-cameras inside their bras; their aim was to transmit images of the exam to people outside the classroom who would then provide answers. This year, the big scandal involved students in Huanggang, Hubei Province , famous in the past decade for churning out students with high scores; several dozen students were caught there last month for using small monitors costing nearly $2,500 that resembled erasers and that allowed the students to receive electronic messages with test answers. Zhang Qianfan, a law professor Peking University who has studied the education system, said the main problem was the lack of slots at universities. Despite a boom in university construction in China, there is still a shortage. This year, there are seven million university slots, two million short of the number of gaokao test takers. The gap was much wider in 2006 — there were 5.3 million slots then for 9.5 million test takers. The drop in the number of students taking the gaokao can be attributed to demographic trends in China and the rise in the number of students opting to study abroad. “Many people are harsh critics of the gaokao, but I think they somewhat miss the most crucial point, which is that the supply from decent academic institutions falls short of the demand from the public,” Mr. Zhang said. Students who have received their gaokao scores and are now submitting their choices for universities expect to hear results this month. Mr. Yang, the graduate in Kunming, said by telephone on Saturday that he had put down the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology as his top choice. But he said if he had done better than his score of 517, out of a possible 750, he might have put down the Civil Aviation University of China in Tianjin. “I did the best in my class, so I’m pretty happy with the result,” he said. “So are my parents and most of my friends. But it’s not high enough to get me into the school I’m longing to attend.” Previous Page 1 2 Christy Khoshaba contributed reporting from Kunming, China, and Jacob Fromer from Hong Kong. Mia Li and Shi Da contributed research. A version of this article appeared in print on July 1, 2012, on page A 4 of the New York edition with the headline: Test That Can Determine the Course of Life in China Gets a Closer Examination.
Nature 483,218–221(08 March 2012)doi:10.1038/nature10815 The Sirtuin SIRT6 Regulates Lifespan in Male Mice The role of sirtuins in regulating worm and fly lifespan has recently become controversial. Moreover, the role of the seven mammalian sirtuins, SIRT1 to SIRT7 (homologues of the yeast sirtuin Sir2), in regulating lifespan is unclear. Here we show that male, but not female, transgenic mice overexpressing Sirt6 have a significantly longer lifespan than wild-type mice: transgenic males displayed lower serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), higher levels of IGF-binding protein 1 and altered phosphorylation levels of major components of IGF1 signalling, a key pathway in the regulation of lifespan. There is a long way to go with sirtuins~！
In his article "The pursuit and Snob Appeal of Brand Names", 何毓琦先生 defined happiness as a "positive derivative". See http://bbs.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=1565do=blogid=460173 and http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=1565do=blogid=5844 . That word “derivative” sounds interesting, and I sensed or wished that it would imply something deep. Unfortunately after searching in his blog and pondering on this life-death topic for a long time, I figured it means nothing but his Chinese translation “ 乐观是向上的 !” I take this awkward Chinese to mean that being happy is to be optimistic. That sounds a good grandpa advice, but way short of what I expect from this great Havard professor I admired so much. For someone I dreamed to follow when I was a college student, I want much more. Perhaps indeed there is a lot more in his mind, but he didn’t elaborate. To me his definition is simply a rephrasing of happiness. In a less arcane way, I think he just wants to say “happiness is a positive change in one's mood”! It does not say anything about what "happiness" is, or how to achieve happiness - you’re lucky if you are born optimistic and hopeless if you are born pessimistic. In one sense “happiness” is very much like “entropy” – we understand entropy only through its change, a change in order/structure/meaning. Thus I define “happiness is to reduce entropy”. I think mine is better. First, “entropy” sounds definitely more grandeur than “derivative”; second, “entropy” has a lot more substance to cover; and third, “reduce” is a verb, which tells you action is important, there is still hope if you’re not an optimistic person. Entropy is the most wonderful thing in all things that I ever learned. It gives a meaning to everything. If the world is just matter and energy, it will be nothing for us. Being is not meaningful. But as soon as the entropy concept comes to human mind, we are different, to be or not to be is not debatable anymore, at least to me. " Not to be" means striving for the maximum entropy, you do not need to know more about things, you become dirt. But "to be" means to know, to put things in order, to give them structure, to clarify, to have meaning, it’s about the quality and not quantity, and to receive energy and reverse the direction dictated by the second law of thermodynamics. All the effort of life is nothing but this, evolution and religion share the same thoughts in this sense. Time thus has meaning, we can be sad or happy, we miss the old times, the ancient times, and look to the future. When do we feel happy? Not when we get something of brand names, not during a delicious dinner, or all those things you dream of, they are pleasures, illusions, not happiness. You are happy only when you understand something, big or small. How do we keep alive - get information, not just food. By reading or talking/listening, we clarify things, that is why human being dominate other animals. I thought Boltzmann did not know this, as he committed suicide in the end. But he knows, he addressed to the Austrian Imperial Aceadmy of Sciences on May 29, 1886 as follows: “Between sun and earth…energy is thus not at all distributed according to the law of probability… The general struggle for existence of animated being is therefore not a struggle for raw materials – these, for organisms, are air, water, and soil, all abundantly available – nor for energy which exists in plenty in any body in the form of heat (albeit unfortunately nor transformable), but a struggle for entropy, which becomes available through the transition of energy from the hot sun to the cold earth. In order to exploit this transition as much as possible, plants spread their immense surface of leaves and force the sun’s energy, before it falls to the earth’s temperature, to perform…certain chemiscal syntheses…The products of this chemical kitech consititute the object of struggle of the animal world.”
That's how I feel about today's life in China. Six friends met for dinner on Friday, and three of them needed to go to work on Saturday! I am not talking about scientists who work every day. These three people are doctor, law-enforcement personal, and senior engineer. Stress can cause real harm, if it's not dealt with. I am sure you all know this. Everywhere I visited, my host was on the move. In Guangzhou, my host had to leave for a conference in the US the very next day after our conference ended. In Nanjing, my host stayed for my one-day visit, and left for Beijing the very next morning. I lectured at the NUIST on Friday; my host there was called away in a short notice and called me that morning on his way to the airport, to make sure I was on my way for my lectures. I was going to visit the Shenzhen Campus of Tsinghua University on the 13th, and just received an e-mail to move my visit to the 12th because my host has a meeting on the 13th, again in a short notice. How do you guys (gals) handle life like this? Don't you want some peace and time for yourself?
My uncle left us and the beautiful world three days ago. Wish you a better staying in Heaven! He told us a true story with his life: cherish what you have, heart and soul. Here enclosed the famous passage excerpted from "Three days to see" by Helen Keller.It reminds us of the following truth: All the things around us are beautiful and fugacious! Enjoy the passage! And enjoy the life. Three Days to See《假如给我三天光明》 --by Helen Keller(海伦·凯勒) All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited. 我们大家都读过一些令人激动的故事，这些故事里的主人公仅仅活在有限并且特定的时间内，有时长达一年，有时短到２４小时。但我们总是有兴趣发现，那命中注定要死的是那些有选择自由的人，而不是那些活动范围被严格限定了的判了刑的犯人。 Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets? 这样的故事让我们思考，在相似的情况下，我们该怎么办，作为终有一死的人，在那最终的几个小时内安排什么事件，什么经历，什么交往？在回顾往事时，我们该找到什么快乐？什么悔恨？ Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of "Eat, drink, and be merry", but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. 有时我想到，过好每一天是个非常好的习惯，似乎我们明天就会死去。这种态度鲜明地强调了生命的价值。我们应该以优雅、精力充沛、善知乐趣的方式过好每一天。而当岁月推移，在经常瞻观未来之时日、未来之年月中，这些又常常失去。当然，也有人愿按伊壁鸠鲁的信条“吃、喝和欢乐”去生活。（译注：伊壁鸠鲁是古希腊哲学家，他认为生活的主题目的是享乐，而最高的享受唯通过合理的生活，如自我控制才能得到。因为生活享受的目的被过分强调，而达此目的之手段被忽视，所以伊壁鸠鲁的信徒现今变为追求享乐的人。他们的信条是：“让我们吃喝，因为明天我们就死亡”），但绝大多数人还是被即将面临死亡的必然性所折磨。 In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed. he becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values. It is often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do. 在故事里，注定要死的主人公往往在最后一刻由某种命运的突变而得救，但几乎总是他的价值观被改变了。他们对生活的意义和它永恒的精神价值变得更具欣赏力了。常常看到那些生活或已生活在死亡的阴影之中的人们都赋予他们所做的每件事以芳醇甜美。 Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life. 但是，我们大多数人把生活认为是理所当然的。我们知道，某一天我们一定会死，但通常我们把那天想象在遥远的将来。当我们心宽体健时，死亡几乎是不可想象的，我们很少想到它。时日在无穷的展望中延展着，于是我们干着琐碎的事情，几乎意识不到我们对生活的倦怠态度。 The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill. 恐怕同样的懒散也成为利用我们所有的本能和感觉的特点。只有聋子才珍惜听力，唯有瞎子才体会到能看见事物的种种幸福，这种结论特别适合于那些在成年阶段失去视力和听力的人们，而那些从没有遭受视觉或听觉损伤之苦的人却很少充分利用这些天赐的官能。他们模模糊糊地眼观八方，耳听各音，毫无重点，不会鉴赏，还是那相同的老话，对我们所有的官能不知珍惜，直至失去它，对我们的健康意识不到，直至生病时。 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would tech him the joys of sound. 我常常想，如果每个人在他成年的早期有一段时间致瞎致聋，那会是一种幸事，黑暗会使他更珍惜视力，寂静会教导他享受声音。 Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friends who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed.. “Nothing in particular, “ she replied. I might have been incredulous had I not been accustomed to such reposes, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little. 我不时地询问过我的能看见东西的朋友们，以了解他们看到什么。最近，我的一个很好的朋友来看我，她刚从一片森林里散步许久回来，我问她看到了什么，她答道：“没什么特别的。”如果我不是习惯了听到这种回答，我都可能不相信，因为很久以来我已确信这个情况：能看得见的人却看不到什么。 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter’s sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush through my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips. 我独自一人，在林子里散步一小时之久而没有看到任何值得注意的东西，那怎么可能呢？我自己，一个不能看见东西的人，仅仅通过触觉，都发现许许多多令我有兴趣的东西。我感触到一片树叶的完美的对称性。我用手喜爱地抚摸过一株白桦那光潮的树皮，或一棵松树的粗糙树皮。春天，我摸着树干的枝条满怀希望地搜索着嫩芽，那是严冬的沉睡后，大自然苏醒的第一个迹象。我抚摸过花朵那令人愉快的天鹅绒般的质地，感觉到它那奇妙的卷绕，一些大自然奇迹向我展现了。有时，如果我很幸运，我把手轻轻地放在一棵小树上，还能感受到一只高声歌唱的小鸟的愉快颤抖，我十分快乐地让小溪涧的凉水穿过我张开的手指流淌过去。对我来说，一片茂密的地毯式的松针叶或松软而富弹性的草地比最豪华的波斯地毯更受欢迎。对我来说四季的壮观而华丽的展示是一部令人激动的、无穷尽的戏剧。这部戏剧的表演，通过我的手指尖端涌淌出来。 At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. the panorama of color and action which fills the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere conveniences rather than as a means of adding fullness to life. 有时，由于渴望能看到这一切东西，我的内心在哭泣。如果说仅凭我的触觉我就能感受到这么多的愉快，那么凭视觉该有多少美丽的东西显露出来。然而，那些能看见的人明显地看得很少，充满世间的色彩和动作的景象被当成理所当然，或许，这是人性共有的特点；对我们具有的不怎么欣赏，而对我们不具有的却渴望得到。然而，这是一个极大的遗憾，在光明的世界里，视力的天赋仅仅作为一种方便之用，而没有作为增添生活美满的手段。 (Note: the passage and translation come from the internet) You can enjoy the beautiful passage in the following mp3: 1, read by a female: Three Days to See.mp3 2, read by a male: 02-Three Days to See.mp3
Junlin Liao, Ph.D. 中文版（Chinese Version） Scholar A criticized an infamous case of plagiarism of B where a master thesis had been completely plagiarized. He was challenged by B whether his own thesis contained plagiarism. In reply, this scholar openly pledged that if his thesis did contain significant amount of plagiarism so that it no longer deserved the degree, he would give up his degree automatically. Later he was demanded by B to give up his degree because it was found that one of his footnotes was similar to someone else's work. Any reasonable person can readily see through the logic fallacy of B. If B’s charge of A is true, B is demanding a capital punishment for a minor offense. This type of argument is not the invention of Chinese people. It dupes people worldwide into scams that intend to rob people of their assets. One of such schemes is Dr. Joel D. Wallach. One of his famous claims is that “dead doctors don't lie”. He made videos and cassette types and launched his grand opposition of modern medicine while promoting his fraudulent therapies for the sick and healthy. His bold lie has captured a large audience that had made him rich. With the help of a Chinese named Ma Lan, his lie has spread to China and I was asked by one of my readers if physicians indeed expect a shorter life than that of the general population. Wallach's claim was that modern medicine is all wrong and the doctors are killing patients. Doctors must have been killing patients systemically because they kill themselves as well and faster. Without knowing the background of Wallach's claim, people hesitate because the image of U.S. doctors being busy and stressed does come to mind. Do stress cuts into life expectancy? Maybe. Do doctors have short life span? Let's find out. This Wallach must be a greater doctor because he cures the impossible and diagnoses beyond known diseases. You've got cancer that modern medicine cannot cure? Find Dr. Wallach. You are perfectly healthy and want to find out if you are deficient of minerals? Dr. Wallach can help you. While you are satisfied with worthless mineral water, he is satisfied with all the money you paid for the “medicine”, lectures, books, and other materials. What type of doctors is he? He is a vet, animal doctor, the type of doctor that usually does not associate themselves with the title of doctor! What makes it worse; he is not even a good vet! Do you have Alzheimer's? Let Dr. Wallach work on you, he had cured many pigs of Alzheimer's. Dr. Wallach, pigs do not get Alzheimer's. Scientists study Alzheimer's with animal models, and they include mouse, fruit fly, and sea lamprey (a blood sucking parasite fish). The disease has to be induced in those animals in the first place. Currently in veterinary medicine, Alzheimer's like condition called CDS (cognitive dysfunction syndrome) is gradually recognized in dogs, and potentially in cats. How did Wallach come up with his claim? The esteemed medical journal JAMA publishes obituaries of physicians. Wallach went to a particular issue of the journal (JAMA Jan. 20, 1993 Vol. 269 No. 3) and counted all physicians died that month. He averaged 40 of them, and the magic number of 58 showed up. Then he claimed that physicians have an average life expectancy of 58, very short indeed compared with 75 years of the general population. Do physicians really live 17 years shorter than an average person? If you are B, you certainly want to claim that everybody else’s theses are completely plagiarized as well. A reasonable person will look at the whole thesis of A and find the he wrote his thesis. A reasonable person will also look at more obituaries in JAMA. If you go one month before the issue picked up by Wallach, then you get 83 as average of physician’s life expectancy, much higher than that of general population. It does not matter how many believed in him; we know Wallach’s claim is ridiculous. Then, how does physicians’ life span compare with that of the general population? Definitely longer. In 1975, Goodman published a detailed analysis of physician life expectancy. Corroborating with studies in earlier decades, Goodman found that physicians lived consistently longer life span than the general population. I include some of his statistics in table 1. Table 1. Physician Life Expectancy during 1969-1973 Age Group Male Life Expectancy (Remaining Years) Female Life Expectancy (Remaining Years) Physicians U.S. White population Difference Physicians U.S. White population Difference 25-30 49.7 45.9 3.8 54.7 52.7 2.0 30-35 44.9 41.3 3.5 49.8 47.9 1.9 35-40 40.0 36.6 3.4 44.9 43.1 1.8 40-45 35.3 32.1 3.2 40.2 38.4 1.8 45-50 30.7 27.7 3.0 35.8 33.8 2.0 50-55 26.3 23.5 2.8 31.2 29.4 1.8 55-60 22.1 19.7 2.4 26.8 25.1 1.7 60-65 18.2 16.2 2.0 22.6 21.1 1.5 65-70 14.7 13.2 1.5 18.6 17.2 1.4 (Source: Goodman 1975. U.S. white population life expectancy is longer than that of the general population.) It is clear from Goodman’s calculation; physicians in U.S. have in general 2-4 years advantage in life span when they become physicians. This conclusion is further upheld by a study conducted by AMA in 1988. Physicians were found to have life expectancy in the range of 75-88 years, higher than general population. For most recent studies, it is hard to identify researches specifically targeting at physicians. One particular study of note is that of Dr. Frank and colleagues. Male physicians are found to live longer than lawyers, professionals, and general population. Their findings can be summarized in table 2. Table 2. Male Physician Age at Death during 1984 - 1995 Occupation White (years) Black (Years) Average Age at Death Advantage over gen. population Average Age at Death Advantage over gen. population Physicians 73.0 2.7 68.7 5.1 Lawyers 72.3 2.0 62.0 -1.6 All Professionals 70.9 0.6 65.3 1.7 All Men 70.3 - 63.6 - (Source: Frank E. et al. 2000.) Again, it can be concluded that physicians do live a healthier life in the west and some of the added life expectancy may have been contributed by medical knowledge of physicians. The life expectancy increase in physicians is largely an income effect. The physicians live longer life because they enjoy much “healthier” incomes and living standard in the west. This luxury is beyond reach for the majority of Chinese doctors except for a lucky few. But my bet still goes to a longer life for physicians in China. The medical knowledge would make a bigger marginal difference in China where the life expectancy of the general population is shorter. The most up- to-date data was contributed by Brian Johnson Office for National Statistics in UK. Their newest update published in early 2011 compared the life expectancy of various occupations. As we can see from table 3, even though the large employers and high level managers may have higher income than higher professionals, the life expectancy is longer in the higher professional group. It is very likely that physician life expectancy higher than that of other professionals contributed to the difference. Table 3. England and Wales Life Expectancy by Occupation, 2002-2006 Occupation Class Example Men Women Life Expectancy Over Basic Class Life Expectancy Over Basic Class Routine (Basic) Hair dresser; driver; laborer 74.4 - 79.0 - Semi-routine Pest controller; farm workers 74.9 0.5 80.0 1.0 Lower supervisor and technician Baker; plumber; electrician 76.4 2.0 80.5 1.5 Small employers Farmer; small business owner 77.7 3.3 82.2 3.2 Intermediate Designer, med technician, clerk 77.9 3.5 82.0 3.0 Lower managerial professional Teacher; social worker; nurse; IT technician 79.2 4.8 83.3 4.3 Large employer High level manager Senior official; CEO; director 79.9 5.5 83.7 4.7 Higher Professional Civil engineer; physicist; physician; lawyer 80.7 6.3 84.9 5.9 (Source: Brian Johnson Office for National Statistics, 2011) Repeated studies have demonstrated that modern medical knowledge contributes to the wellbeing of physicians themselves. Physicians have longer life expectancy than that of the general population and other professionals. Physicians may be the occupational group with the longest longevity. 中文版（Chinese Version） More on Wallach claims, see Stuart Adams, Youngevity Australia, Colloidal Minerals Dr Joel Wallach, http://nutra-smart.net/al.htm#doctors , Accessed May 3, 2011 Louis J. Goodman: The Longevity and Mortality of American Physicians, 1969-1973 The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly. Health and Society, Vol. 53, No. 3 (Summer, 1975), pp. 353-375 AMA "Expected life and work life of active USMG physicians" in Physician Supply Utilization By Specialty, AMA, 1988; Cited in DEAD DOCTORS DON'T LIE! BUT THIS LIVING VETERINARIAN DOES! NCAHF News, March/April 1996 Volume 19, Issue #2, http://www.ncahf.org/nl/1996/3-4.html , Accessed Apr 28, 2011 Erica Frank, Holly Biola, Carol A. Burnett: Mortality Rates and Causes Among U.S. Physicians. Am J Prev Med 2000;19(3): 155–159 Brian Johnson Office for National Statistics: Deriving trends in life expectancy by the National Statistics Socioeconomic Classification using the ONS Longitudinal Study. Health Statistics Quarterly 2011; 49: 8-51
You will never look at a cup of coffee the same way again. http://www.hapkido.com/deepthoughts/coffee.htm A young woman went to her mother and told her about her life and how things were so hard for her. She did not know how she was going to make it and wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as one problem was solved! , a new one arose. Her mother took her to the kitchen. She filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Soon the pots came to boil. In the first she placed carrots, in the second she placed eggs, and in the last she placed ground coffee beans. She let them sit and boil, without saying a word. In about twenty minutes she turned off the burners. She fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. She pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. Then she ladled the coffee out and placed it in a bowl. Turning to her daughter, she asked, “Tell me, what do you see?” “Carrots, eggs, and coffee,” she replied. Her mother brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noted that they were soft. The mother then asked the daughter to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, the mother asked the daughter to sip the coffee. The daughter smiled, as she tasted its rich aroma. The daughter then asked, “What does it mean, mother?” Her mother explained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity … boiling water. Each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard, and unrelenting. However, after being subjected to the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg had been fragile. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior, but after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were unique, however. ! After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water. “Which are you?” she asked her daughter. Think of this: Which am I? Am I the carrot that seems strong, but with pain and adversity do I wilt and become soft and lose my strength? Am I the egg that starts with a malleable heart, but changes with the heat? Did I have a fluid spirit, but after a death, a breakup, a financial hardship or some other trial, have I become hardened and stiff? Does my shell look the same, but on the inside am I bitter and tough with a stiff spirit and hardened heart? Or am I like the coffee bean? The bean actually changes the hot water, the very circumstance that brings the pain. When the water gets hot, it releases the fragrance and flavor. If you are like the bean, when things are at their worst, you get better and change the situation around you. When the hour is the darkest and trials are their greatest, do you elevate yourself to another level? How do you handle adversity? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?
翻译：邱敦莲 Don't undermine your worth by comparing yourself to others. It is because we are different that each of us is special. 不要总拿自己与别人相比 , 从而低估我们自身的价值。正因为我们彼此有差异，才显示出我们各有千秋。 Don't set your goals by what other people deem important. Only you know what is best for you. 不要将别人认为重要的东西作为自己奋斗的目标。只有你自己知道，什么东西最适合你。 Don't take for granted the things closest to your heart. Cling to them as you would your life, for without them life is meaningless. 不要对最贴近内心的东西等闲视之。要像坚守生命一样坚守它们，因为一旦失去，生活就会毫无意义 。 Don't let life slip through your fingers by living in the past or for the future. By living your life one day at a time, you live up all the days of your life. 不要沉湎于过去或幻想未来而让生命从指间悄悄溜走。过好今天 , 你就充实地过好了生命中的每一天。 Don't give up when you still have something left to give. Nothing is really over till the moment you stop trying. 如果你还可以付出，就不要轻言放弃。在你停止努力前的那一刻，没有什么已真正的结束。 Don't be afraid to admit that you are less than perfect. It is this fragile thread that binds us together. 不要害怕承认我们不那么完美。正因为我们都不完美，我们才会彼此需要。 Don't be afraid to encounter risks. It is by taking chances, that we learn to be brave. 不要害怕遭遇风险。只有通过冒险，我们才能变得勇敢。 Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible to find. The quickest way to receive love is to give love; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; and the best way to keep love is to give it wings. 别说真爱难求，而将爱拒之门于生活之外。获得爱的捷径是给予爱，失去爱的捷径是扼住爱，而守住爱的捷径是给爱插上翅膀。 Don't dismiss your dreams. To be without dreams is to be without hope; to be without hope is to be without purpose. 不要失去梦想。没有梦想，就没有希望；没有希望，就没有生活的意义 。 Don't run through life so fast that you forget not only where you've been, but where you are going. 不要匆匆忙忙地生活 ,却 忘记了我们曾抵达何处 , 又将走向 何方。 Life is not a race, but a journey to be savored every step of the way. 生活不是一场赛跑 , 而是一次时时驻足观赏的旅行 。 转发至微博
Women often think that a publicly-recognized beauty must be the pursuing objective for every man. But the fact is that most men don’t want to test their self-confidence and venture for the failure unless they have solid property and power foundation. Women often are puzzled why many men choose those women that are not pretty to marry. Is that because they have no taste in beauty? In fact, it’s because men have different criteria from womenon a woman! I copied another article from the People's Net to confirm my views! 男人怎样看女人 陈健 一天，我在纽约一家饭馆吃饭。我右面餐桌旁有对夫妇在低声交谈，左面餐桌旁有3个青年在谈论篮球。我边吃边看报。 忽然，右边那对夫妇争吵起来。那男的轻声说了句什么，女的立即恼怒起来。“你一点不理解我！”她生气地说。接着她霍地站起，扯下餐巾扔到桌上，大步走了。那男的十分尴尬，朝我耸了耸肩，便叫侍者算帐。 左边餐桌的话题随之变了。“女人到底是怎么回事？”一个青年先发问，“你能想象一个男人会这样吗？” “不大可能。”另一人说。 “女人和我们太不同了，”第三人说，“有时，我觉得她们简直像外星人。” 他们就这样议论开了，直到我离去尚未结束。 我曾多次听到过男人议论女人。但我的经历使我懂得，男人对女人的议论，并不完全等于男人对女人的真实看法。 那么，男人究竟怎样看女人呢？他们最喜欢女人有哪些品质和特点呢？从我对许多朋友的调查和了解中，我得出以下几条。 1．智慧 几乎我所有的朋友都说，这是极重要的一条。他们对愚蠢的女人不感兴趣，对本来精明过人，却佯装“傻气”的女人也抱有戒意。“如果她隐藏自己的思想，她也会隐藏别的东西。”我的一个朋友说。 同时，男人对“愚蠢”和“无知”也加以区别。他们认为，无知是知识贫乏，只要头脑聪慧，可以靠求知弥补。但很少有男人愿意娶一个真正愚蠢的女人。 2．善良 在男人看来，一个女人是否可爱，首先在于是否善良。同善良的女人在一起，男人会感到如饮甘露。精明而不善良的女人，同美丽而不善良的女人一样，只会使男人加倍提防。 3．幽默 男人认为，笑是补偿和治疗生活的艰辛苦难的良药，他们因而对幽默感十分推崇。“我从心底里爱我妻子。”一个朋友说，“因为不论我们身处何境，她总能让我欢笑。”“我妻子总能使我轻松愉快，情绪饱满，”另一个朋友说，“自打我认识了她，我从来没有灰心丧气过。” 《生活时报》
Today we have higherbuildings and wider highways ,But shorter temperament and narrower points of view.We spend more,but enjoy less .We have bigger houses,but smaller families .We have more compromises,but less time .We have more konwledge,but less judgement. We have more medicines,bue less health. We have multiplied our possessions,but reduced our values.We talk much ,wo love only a little ,and we hate too much .We reached the moon and come back ,but we find it troublesome to cross our own street and meet our neighors,We have conquered the outer space ,but not our inner space.We have higher income, but less morals,These are times with more liberty,but less joy.We havemuch morefood,but less nutrition.These are the days in which it takes two salaries for each home ,but divorces increase.These are times of finer houses,but more breaken homes. That is why I propose,that of taday,you do not keep anything for a special occasion ,because every day that you live is a special occasion,search for konwledge ,read more ,sit on your front porch and admire the view without paying attention to your needs,spend more time with your friends and family ,eat your favorite foods,visit the places you love,life is a chain of moments of enjoyment,not only about survival ,use your crystal goblets ,do not save your best perfume ,and use it every time you feel you want it , remove your vocabulary phrases like one of these days or someday,let us write that letter we thought of writingone of these days ,let us tell our families and friends how much we love them,do not delay anything that adds laughter and joy to your life ,every hour ,and every minute is special,and you do not konw if it will be your last.
Author: Anonymous Translator: 邱敦莲 Life is beauty, admire it. 生活就是美 , 倾慕生活的美吧 ! Life is bliss, taste it. 生活就是快乐 , 去品味快乐吧 ! Life is a dream, realize it. 生活就是梦想 , 去实现梦想吧 ! Life is a challenge, meet it. 生活就是挑战 , 去迎接挑战吧 ! Life is a duty, complete it. 生活就是责任 , 去担起责任吧 ! Life is a game, play it. 生活就是游戏 , 不要太当真 ! Life is a promise, fulfill it. 生活就是承诺 , 去兑现承诺吧 ! Life is sorrow, overcome it. 生活就是悲哀 , 去克服悲哀吧 ! Life is a song, sing it. 生活就是一支歌 , 歌唱生活吧 ! Life is a struggle, accept it. 生活就是一场战斗 , 去迎接挑战吧 ! Life is a tragedy, confront it. 生活就是一出悲剧 , 要正视它 ! Life is an adventure, dare it. 生活就是一场冒险 , 要勇于冒险 ! Life is luck, make it. 生活就是机遇 , 去创造机遇吧 ! Life is too precious, do not destroy it. 生命太珍贵 , 不要摧毁了生命 ! Life is life, fight for it. 这就是生活 , 为之奋斗吧 !
最近网上NASA发现新微生物种 生命形式将重新定义 的新闻引起了人们极大地关注 该细菌GFAJ-1名为Halomonadaceae,能利用取代磷的砷来促进其生长。而磷则是生命所需的六大元素之一，无凝，这news足够劲爆。怪不得SCIENCE连续刊登两篇相关论文。 为方便感兴趣的网友们查阅，将两篇文章abstract转附于此。。 Research Article A Bacterium That Can Grow by Using Arsenic Instead of Phosphorus Felisa Wolfe-Simon 1 , 2 , * , Jodi Switzer Blum 2 , Thomas R. Kulp 2 , Gwyneth W. Gordon 3 , Shelley E. Hoeft 2 , Jennifer Pett-Ridge 4 , John F. Stolz 5 , Samuel M. Webb 6 , Peter K. Weber 4 , Paul C. W. Davies 1 , 7 , Ariel D. Anbar 1 , 3 , 8 and Ronald S. Oremland 2 Published Online 2 December 2010 Science 1197258 DOI:10.1126/science.1197258 Abstract Life is mostly composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus. Although these six elements make up nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and thus the bulk of living matter, it is theoretically possible that some other elements in the periodic table could serve the same functions. Here, we describe a bacterium, strain GFAJ-1 of the Halomonadaceae , isolated from Mono Lake, California, which substitutes arsenic for phosphorus to sustain its growth. Our data show evidence for arsenate in macromolecules that normally contain phosphate, most notably nucleic acids and proteins. Exchange of one of the major bioelements may have profound evolutionary and geochemical significance. What Poison? Bacterium Uses Arsenic to Build DNA and Other Molecules Elizabeth Pennisi Science 3 December 2010: Vol. 330 no. 6009 p. 1302 DOI: 10.1126/science.330.6009.1302 Summary In a paper published online by Science this week, researchers describe GFAJ-1, a bacterial strain that they say can replace the phosphorus in its key biomolecules, including DNA, with the legendary poison arsenic. The researchers speculate that organisms like GFAJ-1 could have thrived in the arsenic-laden hydrothermal ventlike environments of early Earth, where some researchers think life first arose, and that later organisms may have adapted to using phosphorus. Others say they'll refrain from such speculation until they see more evidence of GFAJ-1's taste for arsenic and understand how the DNA and other biomolecules can still function with the element incorporated.
乔布斯斯坦佛毕业演讲中有一句话，感觉挺好，挺有感触，因此想写下来！ Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. 你们的时间很有限，所以不要浪费在重复他人的生活上，不要被教条束缚那意味着你活在别人想好的条条框框里，不要被其他人喧嚣的观点 掩盖你真正的内心的声音。最重要的是，你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指引，某种程度上它们已经知道你想要变成什么样子，而其他的一切都是次要的。
Monday, May 28th, 2007, Sunny It were lovely days gradually being in the life of only us two. Hua is kind, clever and beautiful, for which my life become brighter and lighter. Be my girl, be my angel! My lovely days start then. Since this semester, we have quarreled with each other every two or three days, severely sometimes. It was not good for my tense and hard-working days that time. I even doubted she was the expected angel I chased, she was so sensitive and easy to be angry, and she was in bad temper. I was tired of that kind of life. Weve talk about that problem for some times, but it didnt work. After the external moderation, I thought about the situation of our life seriously. I am sure that we love each other verily; it is some trivia that makes us not so satisfies with each other. As shes said, I am not so careful of her feeling since this semester, which makes her feel that I didnt love her pure-heartedly. Whats more, I become harum-scarum and always forget something, drop something, or demolish something. Thats because I rest on her too much, I thought she would take care of me and arrange my whole life. I made a mistake. We should take care of each other, or further saying, I need to care for her much more. Meanwhile, I think she should pay more attention to her bad tempers. She is so easy to misunderstand and be angry with me, just because that, I believe, she cares about me too much, and she is nervous of my saying, doing and even thinking. However, she should trust me more, just as the way I trust her, and understand me more. Or I will say, we should understand each other better and be more generous with each other. After the successful talking as I wished last Saturday, the life turns bright. I sincerely thank her for the meticulously care during the time I was hurt. Now, the wound on my head is nearly recovered. And I know my lovely days restart.
Sources: http://www.demesne.info/Home-Maintenance/Appliance-Life-Expectancy.htm Appliance Life Expectancy Most appliances and small electrical products have fairly predictable life expectancies. Depending on the original cost, manufacturing quality, and how heavily its used, an appliance may last a longer or shorter period than shown in the following table. Nevertheless, its useful information, especially if you want to make sure you get your moneys worth. Just knowing that the microwave is going to die after only 10 years, or that you need to budget for a replacement for your gas range after about 20, helps plan for the inevitable expense. And if you are buying used appliances, its a good indicator of how long you can expect a five-year-old top-loading washer to last. The following table shows average life expectancies for common household appliances. This information has been derived from different sources including manufacturers websites and consumer resources, and is intended only as an estimate. Care and maintenance as well as proper installation also play big roles in performance and longevity. Major appliances Appliance /Expected life in years Microwave oven/10 Garbage disposal/10-12 Water heater, gas/11-13 Water heater, electric/13-14 Water heater, tankless (on demand)/20+ Smoke detector/10 Refrigerator, side by side/14 Refrigerator, top mount/14 Refrigerator, bottom mount/17 Refrigerator, single door/19 Refrigerator, compact (dorm type)/5 Washing machine, top load/14 Washing machine, front load/11 Dryer/13 Range, electric/17 Range, gas/19 Dishwasher/10 Cooktops/13-20 Air Conditioner (room size)/10
October 16th, 2010 is Sweetest Day . I dont care for sweets, but do want to have some fun. So, join me to have a sweet Saturday! May your Saturday be as sweet as mine
i am now wandering around the library, beingso confertable with the smell of the books but having no interest in any word, especially the small english charactors. childrenare lovely creatures, don't you think so? is is so fun to be with children. how lovely their inmagination is. how frankly their speach is. they are just like the new born grass, give you all hope and freshment. it is so hard to understand that as a science of such lovely creature_child psychology could be presented in such a boring way. why must we use adult language to describe the wordof children? why must we write in such a fixed way? why we care about so many useless hypotheses? if tomorrow is the last day, what will i do today? the article i just readthis morningwill predict that i will focus on emotional goal. i will go to people who could make me happy, my love, my family and my friends. i guess it is true this time. at the end of the life people will appreciate what they already have in life instead of pursueing anything else. however, tomorrow will be another day, my life will still go on. i need to do more than just enjoy myself with those who are imtate to me. i may have another 60 years to live, wichallows me to do many things,and so give me a sense of possibility. how should ispend the hours god have planed for me? just walk the way most people have walked so that people could feelcomfortable with me or just walk like a blind, go to where the road lead me to or seek a way nobody has set foot in? but is there a road where no one hase been? of course not. no people no road as LuXun said there is no way in the world until people walk on it. so new road should be created insteadof being found. looking back of my life, iwas walking happily on the road whichwas in front of me andhave now got to some where so called higher than my counterparts in my home town. and absolutely iam surpposed go on to climb to higher places. but now different viewsareattacting me. i was throw into the sea.
Many of the great achievements of the world were accomplished by tired and discouraged men who kept on working Three things in life that, once gone, never come back:Time, Words Opportunity Three things in life that may never be lost:Peace, Hope Honesty. Three things in life that are most valuable:Love, Faith Prayer Three things in life that are never certain:Dreams, Success Fortune Three things that make a man;Hard work,Sincerity Commitment\ Three things in life that can destroy a man;Lust, Pride Anger 世界上许多伟大的成就都是由 疲惫 又沮丧的人经过不懈努力地工作所取得的。 生命中失去就永不再来的三样东西：时间、说过的话、机遇！ 生命中从不可能丢失的三样东西：平和、希望、诚实！ 生命中最珍贵的三样东西：爱、信念、祈祷！ 生命中永不确定的三样东西：梦想、成功、幸运！ 造就一个人的三样东西：努力工作、真诚、奉献！ 毁灭一个人的三样东西：欲望、傲慢、愤怒！
China, do I know you anymore? I feel compelled to share this sad joke. 同事出差去了，叫我这两天照顾 一 下她女儿伙食（她离异,没再结婚）， 小姑娘刚读六年级，嘴巴很厉害， 昨天带她去吃赛百味，吃到一半，邻座一对恋人模样的男女吵起来了，最后男的扔下一句侬再这样子，也不要谈结婚了！，说完就一个人走了，留下女的一个在 那里一言不发。。。 这时小姑娘说话了： 姐姐你晓得吗？现在女人是有标准的， 好女人，有丈夫有情人； 坏女人，有情人没丈夫； 堕落女人，没情人没丈夫，但有男人。。。 我一下子愣住了，还没来及问她这话哪里听来的， 她最后给我来了一句，孤独女人：只有丈夫。。。
Lenin's guard said famously (in the movie I watched as a child): Dont worry. We will have bread (to eat) tomorrow. For someone who grew up in the 1950s and 1960s, his life today may be a lot better than his fathers. (Of course, this may not be true for everyone.) I didnt have a TV at home when I was a kid, and my son had his own TV even before he could turn it on himself. (It was a 13 TV made in Korea, which I bought when I first arrived in the U.S., a demo without a box for $200. My Korean classmate told me its of good quality, and he was right. It was given away to a mover just before we moved to Hawaii, after having served us for nearly 14 years!) As a parent, I of course wish my sons life will be better than mine. However, will my wish come true? A few years ago, I read some newspaper article on a plane, which was about Europeans in their 20s and 30s. The young people complained about not being able to find good jobs and could only vacation at their parents villa. My old office neighbor, Pat Takahashi, brought this up today, after we enjoyed a forced lunch break without lunch. (See my Blog on The danger of using a toaster at work... ) For those of you who are interested in the IOL (Index of life; or Quality of Life Index), please go to these Web sites: T he index of life_by Takahashi 2009 Quality of Life Index
转一下一个读者的读书笔记 http://book.douban.com/review/1450874/ 原文在： http://lijuan.yo2.cn /2008/07/22/reading- experimental-design- for-the-life-science s-chapter1-why-you-n eed-to-care-about-de sign/ http://lijuan.yo2.cn /2008/07/23/reading- experimental-design- for-the-life-science s-chapter2-starting- with-a-well-defined- hypothesis/ http://lijuan.yo2.cn /2008/07/23/reading- experimental-design- for-the-life-science s-chapter3-between-i ndividual-variation- replication-and-samp ling/ http://lijuan.yo2.cn /2008/07/25/reading- experimental-design- for-the-life-science s-chapter4-different -experimental-design s/ 还有一个flowchart在： http://lijuan.yo2.cn /2008/07/25/reading- experimental-design- for-the-life-science s-flowchart/ Chapter 1 Why you need to care about design * Experimental design is more about common sense, biological insight and careful planning. * Poor experimental designs waste time and money, also have ethical issues. * Every statistical test have slightly different assumptions, so it is essential to decide in advance how you will analyse your data when you have collected them. * The two major goals of designing experiments are to minimise random variation and account for confounding factors. 下面是新手们经常有的两个认识误区： Myth1 It does not matter how you collect your data, there will always be a statistical 'fix' that will allow you to analyse them. Myth2 If you collect lots of data something interesting will come out, and you'll be able to detect even very subtle effects. Chapter 2 Starting with a well-defined hypothesis A hypothesis is a clear statement articulating a plausible candidate explanation for observations.It should be constructed is such a way as to allow gathering of data that can be used to either refute or support this candidate explanation. For example: 1. Questions: why does chimp activity vary during the day? 2. Hypotheses: Chimp activity pattern is affected by feeding regime. 3. Predictions: The fraction of time that a chimp spends moving around will be higher in the hour aroung feeding time than at other times of day. Make sure that your experiment allows you to give the clearest and strongest evidence for or against the hypothesis. Make sure that you can interpret all possible outcomes of your experiment. Pilot study: Exploration of the study system conducted before the main body of data collection in order to refine research aims , data collection and analysis techniques. Correlational study's advantages: * we handle them with much less time; * We do not affect other functions; * We are dealing with biologically relevant variation Manipulative experiment's advantages: * without third variables; * without reverse causation; A more efficient approach might be to begin with a large correlational study to see which factors seem to be important. Once potentially influential factors had been found, manipulative studies could be used to confirm and refine these findings. There is no perfect study, but a little care can produce a good one instead of a bad one. Chapter 3 Between-individual variation,replication and sampling Whenever we carry out an experiment, we are trying to find ways to remove or reduce the effects of random variation, so that the effects that we care about can be seen more clearly. Replication involves making the same manipulations and taking the same measurements on a number of different experimental subjects. Replication is a way of dealing with the between-individual variation due to the random variation that will be present in any life science experiment. Replicate measures must be independent of each other: Techinicallly, statisticians talk about there being no correlation between the deviations of individuals within a group.If this is the case, this will have the important effect of meaning that if we examine a group of independent individuals their deviations will tend to cancel out, and the mean of the sample will close to the mean of the population. Pseudoreplication is a problem that has to be addressed by biologists and not by statisticians. Accept that sometimes pseudoreplication is unavoidable, so the key if you can't replicate fully is to be aware of the limitations of what you can conclude from your data. Number of replicates: It should be big enough to give you confidence that you will be able to detect any biologically meaningful effects that exist, but not so big that some sampling was unnecessary. * Educated guesswork: reference on previous similar studies. * Formal power analysis: statistical power is the probability that a particular experiment will detect a difference assuming that there really is a difference to be detected. (there are many computer programs that can help you) Randomisation simply means drawing random sanmples for study from the wider population of all the possible individuals that could be in your sample. Proper randomisation means that any individual experimental subject has the same chance of finding itself in each experimental group. The power of an expeiment will be affected by three main things: the effect size, the amount of random variation and the number of replicates. Chapter 4 Different experimental designs The control group must be that it differs from the treatment group in no way except for the treatment being tested. A blind procedure is one in which the person measuring experimental subjects has no knowledge of which experimental manipulation they have experienced or which treatment group they belong to. In experiments with humans, we may use a double-blinded procedure in which the experimental subjects too are kept ignorant of which treatment group they belong to. The procedures are design to remove the perception that unconscious bias might taint the results of a study. 后面讲的paired-design, cross-over design, split-plot design就不如直接看统计书了。 Chapter 5 Taking measures Calibrate your measuring instruments(including human observers.) Adopt clear definitions to reduce subjective decision-making during measurement taking. Watch out for observer drift, intra-observaer variability and inter-observer variability. Watch out for observer effects, where measuring a system influence its behaviour. Recording data effectively is a skill that you must acquire. 1. Don't try and record too much information at once; 2. Beware of shorthand codes. 3. Keep more than one copy of your data. 4. Write out your experimental protocol formally and in detail, and keep a detailed field journal or lab work. 5. Don't overwork. Chapter 6 Final thoughts
中文名称 ： BBC 爱因斯坦 死亡方程式 英文名称 ： BBC Einstein's Equation of Life of and Death 别名 ：爱因斯坦 死亡的公式 BBC Exlusiv Albert Einstein oder die Formel des Todes 版本 ：双语版 发行时间 ： 2005 年 地区 ：英国 , 德国 语言 ：英语 , 德语 首播： 2005 年 5 月 15 日上午 9 ： 40 － 10 ： 40 星期天 电视台： VOX 英语原版名： Einstein's Equation of Life of and Death 德语版片长： 44 分钟 制片： Aidan Laverty 出版： BBC Horizon （注： BBC 2 台科教片系列旗舰品牌，每集长度约为 50 分钟。） 视频链接：可可英语 http://www.kekenet.com/video/54079.shtml 早在 1905 年，年仅 26 岁的爱因斯坦就已提出了狭义相对论。狭义相对论推倒了牛顿力学的质量守恒、能量守恒、质量能量互不相关、时空永恒不变的基本命题。这是一场真正的科学革命。 其后，爱因斯坦又经过 10 年探索，建立了广义相对论。自此，爱因斯坦相对论宣告完成。它奠定了 20 世纪物理学的基石。爱因斯坦仍不满足。他开始探索宇宙起源问题，并揭示出宇宙是 静态 的、有限无界的。他根据广义相对论，提出了三大命题：光线在太阳引力场中会发生弯曲；水星近日点运动规律；引力场中光谱线向红端移动。然而直到 1919 年 5 月之前，这些预言并未得到验证。许多科学家对此持怀疑态度。 经历了两次世界大战的惨败，德国人一直苦于自己的国家严重缺乏英雄人物，现在他们重新将艾伯特 爱因斯坦视为德国历史上最伟大的人物之一，尽管这位犹太裔物理学家曾因自己的血统遭到纳粹党人的仇视而流亡国外。 爱因斯坦生于德国，一个世纪前，他在瑞士发表了著名的相对论。 1955 年 4 月 18 日，他永远离开了这个世界。 50 年后的今天，他曾摒弃的国家为他重扬美名。 2005 年被称为 爱因斯坦年 ，世界各地纷纷展开各种庆祝活动。但是没有一个地方像德国一样，在对这位有着低垂眼睛和浓密灰发的老人予以盛赞的同时，还要肩负沉重的 历史包袱 。 德国政府开始竭尽全力了解爱因斯坦。 20 世纪早期，他关于宇宙、时间和相对论的理论给当时的物理学带来了颠覆性的变革，他也由此成为世界上第一位大众偶像级科学家。 这有点奇怪。 德国版爱因斯坦传记的作者于尔根 内费说。该书自从一月份出版以来，在畅销书榜上一直位居前列。 爱因斯坦憎恨纳粹，并将这种反感之情延伸到所有德国人身上，在他看来德国人造成了这一切。他确实非常讨厌德国，但是无论如何，他肯定会为德国最近 30 年来取得的发展感到欣慰的。 德国对爱因斯坦的 重新发现 始于 2003 年。在当时的一次调查中，他被数百万电视观众推选为德国历史上 最伟大的人物 之一。 1879 年，爱因斯坦出生于德国乌尔姆的巴伐利亚市， 17 岁时，为逃避服兵役，他移居瑞士。从苏黎世联邦工业大学毕业后，他供职于瑞士联邦专利局，并在业余时间撰写科学论文。 1905 年是爱因斯坦的 奇迹年 ，他创立了阐释时空关系的相对论，挑战了物理学巨人艾萨克 牛顿始创的宇宙观，那些理论 200 年来一直固若磐石。 1919 年，爱因斯坦的理论为科学家们所证实，一时他声名鹊起。 1921 年，他获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，随后德国和瑞士都争着说爱因斯坦是属于自己国家的。 但是爱因斯坦没有停滞不前。他的独特理论也给他最为著名的发现奠定了基础，那个发现就是 E=mc2 一个打开原子时代大门的方程式。全世界都知道这个公式，虽然没多少人能真正理解它。 1914 年，爱因斯坦回到德国，随后在柏林居住了 19 年，直到 1933 年为躲避希特勒的纳粹军团的迫害而逃亡国外。他曾在美国普林斯顿大学执教，并在那里度过了晚年。 他在柏林的住宅曾遭纳粹党人洗劫。 1932 年，爱因斯坦放弃了德国国籍，并于 1940 年加入美国国籍，成为一名美国公民。 In the summer of 1939 Albert Einstein was on holiday in a small resort town on the tip of Long Island . His peaceful summer, however, was about to be shattered by a visit from an old friend and colleague from his years in Berlin . The visitor was the physicist Leo Szilard. He had come to tell Einstein that he feared the Nazis could soon be in possession of a terrible new weapon and that something had to be done. Szilard believed that recent scientific breakthroughs meant it was now possible to convert mass into energy. And that this could be used to make a bomb. If this were to happen, it would be a terrible realisation of the law of nature Einstein had discovered some 34 years earlier. September 1905 was Einstein's 'miracle year'. While working as a patents clerk in the Swiss capital Berne Einstein submitted a three-page supplement to his special theory of relativity, published earlier that year. In those pages he derived the most famous equation of all time; e=mcsup2;, energy is equal to mass multiplied by the speed of light squared. The equation showed that mass and energy were related and that one could, in theory, be transformed into the other. But because the speed of light squared is such a huge number, it meant that even a small amount of mass could potentially be converted into a huge amount of energy. Ever since the discovery of radioactivity in the late 19th century, scientists had realised that the atomic nucleus could contain a large amount of energy. Einstein's revolutionary equation showed them, for the first time, just how much there was. However, at the time Einstein doubted whether that energy could ever be released. By 1935 he was convinced it would never be practical. At the Winter Session of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Pittsburgh , he is quoted as telling journalists: The likelihood of transforming matter into energy is something akin to shooting birds in the dark in a country where there are only a few birds. Einstein was so sceptical because attempts to break open the atomic nucleus always required more far energy be put in than was ever released. Nuclear physicists like Ernest Rutherford were exploring the structure of the atom by bombarding atomic nuclei with alpha particles. Even when machines were built to accelerate the alpha particles to ever higher speeds they had only limited success in breaking apart the nucleus. In 1933 Rutherford dismissed talk of atomic power as 'moonshine'. One morning in September 1933 Szilard read Rutherford 's comments in The Times. Leaving his hotel and crossing the street, he had a brainwave. Alpha particles and the other particles that physicists had been using to bombard the nucleus were simply the wrong tool for the job, because he realised that they, like the nucleus, had a positive charge. Since like charges repel, Szilard thought, no matter how hard you fire them in, the majority would simply be deflected away. That morning he was one of the first to realise that the recently discovered neutron might be what was needed. The neutron, a subatomic particle like a proton but with no electric charge was discovered in 1932. With no charge, Szilard believed the neutron would simply slip into the heart of the atom undeflected. But he didn't stop there. Szilard thought that if an atom could be found that is split open by neutrons, not only would it release some of its huge store of energy, it might also release further neutrons, which could then go on and split further atoms, setting up a chain reaction leading to a truly vast release of energy. Szilard immediately saw the possible military applications and sought to patent the idea and have it made an official secret. But in 1933, the chain reaction only existed in Szilard's head. No one had yet found an atom that could be split by neutrons. These developments were happening against a background of extraordinary political turmoil in Europe . Hitler had come to power in Germany in January 1933. In 1938, less than a year before the outbreak of World War II, just such an atom was found, uranium. Working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin , the nuclear chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman found that when bombarded with neutrons, uranium split into two nuclei of roughly half the size. Not only that, but further calculations showed that a large amount of energy was also released - enough from a single nucleus to move a grain of sand. The first stage of Szilard's chain reaction had been achieved. When he heard the news Szilard, now in New York and working at Columbia University with Enrico Fermi, set about showing whether, as well as energy, further 'secondary' neutrons were released. By July 1939, when he first knocked on Einstein's door, he knew that they were and so the chain reaction was possible. Also, he and Fermi had settled on a design for the first nuclear reactor. During the course of their conversations in the summer of 1939, Szilard explained these new developments to Einstein and his fear that the Nazis might use them to create a nuclear bomb. Together they drafted a letter, signed by Einstein, to the American President, Franklin Roosevelt. The letter was delivered to the President on the 11 October 1939 and after reading it the President provided funding for research that would pave the way for the Manhattan Project and lead, ultimately to the construction of the first atomic bomb. After signing the letter, Einstein played no further part in the development of the bomb. With the first atomic explosion over Hiroshima , the power of e=mcsup2; had been graphically demonstrated to the world. Just 0.6 grams of mass, converted into energy, had been enough to destroy an entire city. Einstein was horrified when he heard that the bomb had been dropped. When they, wrote to the President, Szilard and Einstein advocated the development of an American bomb purely as a deterrent against the threat of a Nazi weapon. They had not conceived of its use as an offensive weapon, especially after the defeat of Nazi Germany. Einstein always saw e=mc2; as a purely theoretical insight and refuted any responsibility for the bomb but he did feel some responsibility for the letter he'd written to Roosevelt . A letter he would come to describe as the one mistake of his life. Einstein saw nuclear weapons and the nuclear arms race as a threat to the future of civilisation. In his final years he devoted much of his time and energy to issues dealing with the world's future - advocating pacifism and campaigning for the control of nuclear weapons, not by individual nations, but by a world government. The last document he signed, just a week before he died, was a manifesto drawn up by Bertrand Russell, renouncing war and nuclear weapons. As Russell said: Einstein was not only a great scientist he was a great man. He stood for peace in a world drifting towards war... But while the bomb proved e=mc2; to be the ultimate equation of destruction, only after his death has the role of Einstein's equation in the creation of the universe become clear. Just as mass can be turned into energy in a bomb, the pure energy generated in the Big Bang condensed into the matter that makes up our world. Almost a hundred years ago, with just six short pen stokes Einstein unlocked one of the most powerful truths about the universe. A truth that would change our world, both for good and ill.
I just read Mao yushi's article. I think that he build a great principle for us to live this modern society. Actually there is a similar English proverb: Make yourself happy, but NOT in other people's way. However, Mao's article has a deeper meaning than this. 也谈人生的意义 茅于轼 再过两年我就要八十岁了。人生的旅途快走到尽头了。 这几年我经常在想的一个问题是人生的意义何在？ 一个人来到这个世界几十年，到底是为了什么？想了几年，答案慢慢地浮现，越来越清楚了。我很后悔， 到老才认真地想这个问题。年轻时浑浑噩噩，糊里糊涂。 如果我早几年想，早几年找到答案，我的人生会少犯许多错误，自己也会过得更顺利些。 这也难怪，人生意义，或者人生目的的大问题不是没人研究， 恰恰是研究的人太多，各说各的，莫衷一是，搞得大家稀里糊涂， 索性不闻不问，过一天算一天拉倒。我不是说人家的研究不对，没有价值。而是太抽象，太高大， 过于理论化，没法付诸实践。我们需要一个简单明了的答案， 这个答案要能够清楚地指导日常的 所作所为。 现在我把这个思考了好几年的答案告诉大家，和大家分享。 答案很简单，复杂了就没用了。它必须是简单的。这个答案就是 享受人生，并且帮助别人享受人生 。 需要稍微说明一点，什么是享受人生。我的意思是： 人生一世所得到的快乐总量极大化。它不是某时某刻的享受极大化， 而是一生一世的快乐总量极大化。这儿所说的享受不光是物质的，更包括精神的，包括主观的满足感。 它不是今朝有酒今朝醉，只顾现在，不顾将来。而是既顾现在， 更顾将来。人们要追求健康长寿，因为长寿的人活得更长，当然得到的快乐可能更多。 要远离有害的环境和物质，这些事物会减少你的快乐。 行动要考虑后果，不要贪图一时的痛快，遗患无穷。 要帮助别人享受人生。为什么？ 人生一世顺利不顺利往往不仅仅取决于自己，更多地也取决于环境， 或者说取决于别人。如果别人处处跟你捣乱，你就过得很不顺利。别人希望日子过得快乐一点，大家就应该帮助他实现这个理想。 所谓君子成人之美，这是孔夫子留下的格言。 如果大家都懂得帮助别人快乐，我们就有了一个创造快乐的环境，大家都比较容易实现快乐总量极大化的目标。 所以帮助别人享受既是为了别人，其实也是为了自己。 这一点儿也不矛盾。 用这条信条处理周围的事情，会使自己的日子过得高兴。 凡是碰到难于决策的事情，想一想怎么能使自己快乐， 也使别人快乐，答案就有了。有了这样的信条，养成了习惯，用来等待父母子女，妻子朋友，同事或领导， 并且用它来处理自己在公务上的问题，你就不会犯愚蠢的错误， 就会远离烦恼，周围的人都会喜欢你。 享受人生，这很容易为人们所接受。谁不愿意享受啊。 但是有人批评说，这个目标太自私，至少也是太庸俗。 大家只管享受，国家大事，世界和平谁来关心呢？我想说的正好就是：享受人生是世界的头等大事， 再没有比这更重要的事了。 我们不要被别人误导，去做妨碍别人享受人生的事，去做愚蠢的事。 恐怖分子身上绑了炸弹去炸别人，自己不享受还妨碍别人享受， 真是愚不可及。可是恐怖分子还自以为做了世界上最伟大的事，是人生的最崇高的目标， 是最值得为之牺牲的事。也不光是恐怖分子如此， 二战时的一些日本兵来到中国杀人放火，作恶多端，害人害己，还自以为是效忠了天皇，光荣得不得了。 我们在文革的时候，一些阶级斗争的积极分子， 把别人斗得死去活来，自己并没有得到更多的享受，同样是愚不可及。如果有许多人都被坏人误导，这个世界真就不得安宁了。 享受人生的目标不但是个人与个人相处的原则， 同样也是国家与国家，集团与集团相处的原则。两岸关系， 中日关系，劳资关系也应该本着这样的原则来处理。其他的考虑统统都应该让位。懂得这一点我们的世界就会平安得多， 幸福得多。 还要不要牺牲？牺牲应该尽量避免。 但是如果一个恐怖分子要拉响炸弹，我一定要扑向前去，减少伤亡。 之所以要牺牲，正是因为有人受了蒙骗，要害别人。如果没有这些受蒙骗的人，牺牲可以少多了。 当然还是会有一些需要人牺牲的事情，自然灾害，意外事故， 有时候需要有人挺身而出。但是这种情况一个人一辈子也未必会碰上一次。 现在人世间绝大部分的冲突都是人跟人的矛盾引起的， 是愚蠢的人之间发生的，不是智者之间发生的。懂得享受人生， 就不会有无谓的牺牲了。 懂得享受人生，而且帮助别人享受人生！这是我发现的至理名言。
标签: Life
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