昆士兰食蛛结网恐蛛的猎物偏好(蜘蛛目：跳蛛科) Li, D. and R. R. Jackson (1996). Prey preferences of Portia fimbriata , an araneophagic, web-building jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae) from Queensland. Journal of insect behavior 9(4): 613-642. Portia fimbriata from Queensland, a previously studied jumping spider (Salticidae), routinely includes web-building spiders and cursorial salticids in its diet, both of these types of prey being dangerous and unusual prey for a salticid. The present paper is the first detailed study of P. fimbriata 's prey preferences. Three basic types of tests of prey preference were used, providing evidence that (1) P. fimbriata males and females prefer spiders (both web-building spiders in webs and salticids away from webs) to insects; (2) P. fimbriata males and females prefer salticids to web-building spiders; (3) P. fimbriata males and females prefer larger spiders to smaller spiders; (4) there are intersexual differences in the preferences of P. fimbriata for prey size, females preferring larger prey and males preferring smaller prey; and (5) P. fimbriata 's prey preferences are not affected by a prior period without food of 2 weeks. When preferences were tested for by using both living, active prey and dead, motionless lures, the same preferences were expressed, indicating that P. fimbriata can distinguish among different types of prey independent of the different movement patterns of different prey. 昆士兰食蛛结网跳蛛 Portia fimbriata 的猎物偏好 ( 蜘蛛目： Saitiidae) 。 来自昆士兰的 Portia fimbriata 是一种以前被研究过的跳蛛 (Salticidae) ，通常在它的食物中包括结网的蜘蛛和游猎的跳蛛，这两种类型的猎物对跳蛛来说都是危险和不寻常的猎物。本论文是第一个详细的研究 P. fimbriata 的猎物偏好。采用了三种基本类型的猎物偏好测试，提供了以下证据 :(1) 与昆虫相比，雄性和雌性 P. fimbriata 对蜘蛛 ( 包括在网中结网的蜘蛛和不结网的跳蛛 ) 更喜欢 ;(2) 与结网蜘蛛相比，雄性和雌性 P. fimbriata 更喜欢（捕食）跳蛛 ;(3) 与小蜘蛛相比，雄蜘蛛和雌蜘蛛更喜欢捕食大蜘蛛 ;(4) 雌雄间性差异表现在对猎物大小的偏好上，雌蛛偏好较大的猎物，雄蛛偏好较小的猎物 ;(5) 前一段 2 周不进食的时间不会影响 Portia fimbriata 的捕食偏好。当同时使用活的、活动的和死的、无动作的诱饵来测试偏好时，相同的偏好表达了出来，这表明 Portia fimbriat a 可以独立于不同猎物的不同移动模式来区分不同类型的猎物。
一种络新妇蜘蛛与食物量相关的聚集现象 Females of the species, Nephila clavipes (L.),sometimes build their webs in interconnected clusters. Aggregations in a Peruvian population of this spider were located in areas of high insect activity. This locale enabled individuals in aggregations to capture more prey than solitary individuals. Experiments with prey removal and prey supplementation verified that a high prey capture rate was essential in maintaining such groups. Agonistic interactions frequently preceded departure of a spider from a cluster. These data imply that high prey availability is a prerequisite for the evolution of more complex sociality in Nephila and other similar spider species. 一种络新妇蛛 Nephila clavipes (L.) 的雌性 ,有时会将她们的网编织成相互连接的集群。这种蜘蛛种群在秘鲁的聚集地一般位于昆虫高度活跃的地区。这种场所使群居的个体比单独的个体能够捕获更多的猎物。去除猎物和补充猎物的实验证明，高捕获率对于维持这样的群体是必不可少的。在蜘蛛离开蜘蛛群之前，经常会有激励性的相互作用。这些数据表明，高猎物可用性是 Nephila 和其他相近的蜘蛛种类进化出更复杂的社会性的先决条件。 Rypstra, A.L., 1985. Aggregations of Nephila clavipes (L.)(Araneae, Araneidae) in relation to prey availability. Journal of Arachnology, 71-78.
奇异盗蛛 Pisaura mirabilis (蜘蛛目： Pisauridae )觅食行为的实验：单猎物的利用 Experiments on the foraging behaviour of the hunting spider Pisaura mirabilis (Araneae: Pisauridae): utilization of single prey items 摘要 在实验室进行了雌性奇异盗蛛 Pisaura mirabilis 的饲养试验。提供了几种双翅目昆虫，从小果蝇到大苍蝇，大小不一。每只蜘蛛只喂食一只苍蝇，然后记录捕食量的绝对和相对数量。绝对消耗量是指蜘蛛吃掉一只苍蝇的量。相对消耗量，即利用率，是通过蜘蛛消耗的苍蝇量除以苍蝇的初始质量来计算的。绝对摄食量与苍蝇质量呈正相关，即苍蝇越大，蜘蛛摄食量越大。没有观察到饱和效应。 P. mirabilis 平均摄取了75%的猎物，但能够提取高达95%的猎物。相对消耗量与苍蝇质量无明显关系，即猎物大小不影响苍蝇利用率。此外，蜘蛛的身体大小和年龄都不影响其绝对或相对摄入量。此外，还分析了蜘蛛丢弃的蝇类残留物和未被吃掉的对照蝇的C和N含量。 蝇类残留物的C、N含量明显较高，而C/N比值较低（此处暗示更多的脂肪被摄取） 。结果表明，在单猎物情况下，随着可获得猎物数量的增加， P. mirabilis 的绝对摄入生物量增加。然而，利用率的低值和高方差表明，对蜘蛛来说，可能不只是猎物数量重要，猎物质量也重要。因此，我们得出结论，在今后的研究中，应更密切地考虑蜘蛛捕食的猎物的营养质量。 奇异盗蛛的图片截取自网络，如有侵权，请联系删除。
标签: 猎物
