科学网

 找回密码
  注册

tag 标签: JOURNEY

相关帖子

版块 作者 回复/查看 最后发表

没有相关内容

相关日志

[转载][劇情] [书写人生 The Girl in the Book (2015)][1080p + 720p][
lcj2212916 2015-12-17 19:06
导演: Marya Cohn 编剧: Marya Cohn 主演: 艾米丽·万凯普 / 迈克尔·恩奎斯特 / 大卫·卡尔 / 迈克尔·克里斯托弗 / 塔利亚·巴尔萨姆 / 更多... 类型: 剧情 制片国家/地区: 美国 语言: 英语 上映日期: 2015-06-13(洛杉矶电影节) 片长: 86分钟 IMDb链接: tt2980554 The Girl in the Book charts the journey of young woman's transformation. At the outset, Alice Harvey is a lost and self-destructive 29 year old girl unable to write, too damaged for love. When her past invades her present and forces her to confront painful memories, she shatters. Helped by her friend and a new love interest, she slowly rediscovers her creative voice and becomes capable of love. 下载地址: http://page92.ctfile.com/file/138642779
2861 次阅读|0 个评论
轻音乐推荐
热度 1 likuochris 2015-4-30 12:54
推荐一些好听的纯音乐: 1,少女的祈祷 2,迷情仙境 3,宁次之死 4,故乡的原风景 5,乡间晚风 6,林中漫步 7,秋日私语 8,梦中的婚礼 9,童年 10,克罗地亚狂想曲 11,蓝色多瑙河 12,The mass 13,亡灵序曲 14,journey 15,童年的回忆 16,it's noly the faity tale 17, 时间轴, 18,清晨 19,kiss the rain 20,卡农 21,sad angel
1652 次阅读|1 个评论
意外之旅,An unexpected journey
热度 1 jixp 2015-3-23 19:59
意外之旅,An unexpected journey 不经意间打开了QQ空间日志,时间定格在2013年3月10日,距今两年了。两年间,发生了许多许多,考研了,毕业了,不想提笔记述,倒希望把这四年间的酸甜苦辣封存在记忆里,暂且不管,待来日再慢慢咀嚼那味道。日志的标题是 “ 意外之旅 ” ,我不是霍比特人,但这次旅行确实够 “ 意外的 ” ,用王毅外长的话说,可以算的上是一次 “ 说走就走的旅行 ” 。每次坐火车,我总是开车前才取票,但这次却因为不知学生证的问题还是其他原因,没把票取出来,滞留济南一晚,那天正月十五元宵节。各种窝火和不快,索性多呆几天,去聊大找老冒,散散心 ~~~ 济南到聊城,不到两个小时的车程。从火车站到聊大却足足花了一个多小时,当时想起在烟台的那些日子,从鲁大到车站,走着过去也就半小时罢了。途中遇到两个威海的聊大女学生,她们用家乡话交流,和烟台话非常相似,而且有个女生和李美慧长得很像,一方水土养一方人,呵呵 ~~~ 聊城大学的道路比鲁东大学的宽的多,而且比较平坦,一栋宿舍楼下,电动车和自行车的数量看上去要比鲁大全校的都要多的样子,不过我还是喜欢母校的起起伏伏 ~~~ 聊大校内操着本地话的较多,走在校园中能够听到女生也用方言交流,我不太喜欢平时操着一口方言的女生,当然章丘话除外了。 从聊大的东校到西校,可不比从鲁大北校走到南校十几、二十分钟就能搞定那样简单,我承认步行 “ 参观聊大校园 ” 不是非常明智,这是彩虹桥,横跨徒骇河,连接东西两个校区。 远处不是伦敦的塔桥,虽然神形兼备,但它的的确确是 made in China ,老冒说, “ 刚开始建设的时候,我就知道要建个这个 ” ,我们哈哈一乐。参观完聊大,我的腿已经快散架了 ~~~ 素来仰慕聊大的校门,今有幸得见,不虚此行。 来到聊城,见到有卖 “ 炊饼 ” 的,便心有窃喜的买了两个 ~~~ 虽然不一定和一千年前阳谷县那个姓武的卖的是同样的 “ 炊饼 ” ,但历史的影子还是有的 ~~~ 这么大场面的卖菜煎饼,还是第一次见(一次烙十个)。山东人实在,十好几种菜随便捡,不够的话,师傅帮你加满 ~~~ 的的确确领教了一把聊大的自行车和电动车惊人的数量 ~~ 那天风比较大些,青绿色的东昌湖水如鱼鳞似的涌动着、拍打着湖堤,我和老冒沿着东昌湖岸边走着 ~~~ 没多久就到了东昌古城,不比故宫的金碧辉煌,雕梁画栋,但青砖垒墙,古石铺路,心情好不自在 ~~~ 如果你留心的话,水浒传上的许多场景就在此取景 ~~~ 从城墙头上俯瞰古城,可能有许多建筑是后来修缮的,但足够为古代的建筑所震撼、折服 ~~~ 光岳楼 一方水土养一方人,这话没错,章丘人的口味 差不很多,炒俩菜,外加几个馒头足以。两菜一汤,聊大“最后的晚餐”,除了稍微咸点,可以打满分了~~~ 聊城回济南的汽车上,拿起座位后的一本 “ 山东旅行杂志 ” 翻了起来,看到了比较好的短文,就特意拍了下来,上面有句话 “ 许多时候,时间和金钱就该为爱而存在 ” ,旅途中读书更容易使人安静,使人思考 ~~~ 这几天很累,旅行并不仅是旅游,还在于修行,身体上的,心灵上的 ~~~ 回到济南,从泉城广场沿着护城河往东走,微风轻拂杨柳。不知老舍写没写过 “ 济南的春天 ” ,我觉得比 “ 冬天 ” 好多了 ~~~ 上了岁数的济南人,提溜着各种器皿去接泉水,这是自然的馈赠 ~~~ 春天,这个季节很少在家,竟分不清这是桃花还是梨花,将这张照片送给大家,送给那些忘却这个季节是那么的生机勃勃,那么的春意盎然 ~~~ 二十多个小时的坐票,又一次打破了 “ 火车硬座时间 ” 记录,记得上一次,还是从烟台到北京。当然,这是没法和从烟台坐到广州的那货相比的,那酸爽 ~~~ 来到了 “ 拉面城 ” ,以后又要继续这种生活了,我不喜欢这里的环境,但应该学着适应,尽量使自己喜欢上西北的 ~~~ 狂野 ~~~2015 ,我在路上!
个人分类: 人在旅途|3826 次阅读|1 个评论
[转载]LIFE IS A JOURNEY
guanjiwen 2012-11-30 17:17
Life is a journey filled with lessons, hardships, heartaches, joys, celebrations and special moments that will ultimately lead us to our destination, our purpose in life. The road will not always be smooth; in fact, throughout our travels, we will encounter many challenges. Some of these challenges will test our courage, strengths, weaknesses, and faith. Along the way, we may stumble upon obstacles that will come between the paths that we are destined to take. In order to follow the right path, we must overcome these obstacles. Sometimes these obstacles are really blessings in disguise, only we don't realize that at the time. Along our journey we will be confronted with many situations, some will be filled with joy, and some will be filled with heartache. How we react to what we are faced with determines what kind of outcome the rest of our journey through life will be like. When things don't always go our way, we have two choices in dealing with the situations. We can focus on the fact that things didn't go how we had hoped they would and let life pass us by, or two, we can make the best out of the situation and know that these are only temporary setbacks and find the lessons that are to be learned. Time stops for no one, and if we allow ourselves to focus on the negative we might miss out on some really amazing things that life has to offer. We can't go back to the past, we can only take the lessons that we have learned and the experiences that we have gained from it and move on. It is because of the heartaches, as well as the hardships, that in the end help to make us a stronger person. The people that we meet on our journey, are people that we are destined to meet. Everybody comes into our lives for some reason or another and we don't always know their purpose until it is too late. They all play some kind of role. Some may stay for a lifetime; others may only stay for a short while. It is often the people who stay for only a short time that end up making a lasting impression not only in our lives, but in our hearts as well. Although we may not realize it at the time, they will make a difference and change our lives in a way we never could imagine. To think that one person can have such a profound affect on your life forever is truly a blessing. It is because of these encounters that we learn some of life's best lessons and sometimes we even learn a little bit about ourselves. People will come and go into our lives quickly, but sometimes we are lucky to meet that one special person that will stay in our hearts forever no matter what. Even though we may not always end up being with that person and they may not always stay in our life for as long as we like, the lessons that we have learned from them and the experiences that we have gained from meeting that person, will stay with us forever. It's these things that will give us strength to continue on with our journey. We know that we can always look back on those times of our past and know that because of that one individual, we are who we are and we can remember the wonderful moments that we have shared with that person. Memories are priceless treasures that we can cherish forever in our hearts. They also enables us to continue on with our journey for whatever life has in store for us. Sometimes all it takes is one special person to help us look inside ourselves and find a whole different person that we never knew existed. Our eyes are suddenly opened to a world we never knew existed- a world where time is so precious and moments never seem to last long enough. Throughout this adventure, people will give you advice and insights on how to live your life but when it all comes down to it, you must always do what you feel is right. Always follow your heart, and most importantly never have any regrets. Don't hold anything back. Say what you want to say, and do what you want to do, because sometimes we don't get a second chance to say or do what we should have the first time around. It is often said that what doesn't kill you will make you stronger. It all depends on how one defines the word "strong" It can have different meanings to different people. In this sense, "stronger" means looking back at the person you were and comparing it to the person you have become today. It also means looking deep into your soul and realizing that the person you are today couldn't exist if it weren't for the things that have happened in the past or for the people that you have met. Everything that happens in our life happens for a reason and sometimes that means we must face heartaches in order to experience joy.
714 次阅读|0 个评论
It is a good way to prepare a PPT after a journey
waterlilyqd 2012-11-2 19:07
Usually our each journey only lasts several days, and our memory will be covered by new things entering our eyes and brain every day. But if we make a PPT to record all we have seen and add beautiful music in the PPT. Then we can play it any time we want to. During the process to prepare the PPT, our mind will recall what have happened during the journey, and try to reorganize all the contents in a logical and interesting way. One Thaifriend always does this each time he has a journeyor field trip,hesummarizes his whole journey (important people he has met, beautiful, interesting or special sites he has vsited or seen). Hesends the prepared PPT to the respective people and institutions. Each time oneplays the PPT with beautiful pictures and music, they'llrecall the happy journey and the people who keepthe happy journey in a permanent way. So next time, when you go for a journey, don’t forget to take as more as possible pictures. If several people have a trip together, all of you can take pictures respectively, and then combine all the pictures together, and you can select the best pictures and make a PPT with those pictures. It must be a unique and unforgettable journey in your life!
个人分类: 社会杂谈|3512 次阅读|0 个评论
TED演讲:Arianna Huffington 如何成功?请多睡一会
热度 1 hongri1130 2012-4-15 19:26
TED演讲:Arianna Huffington 如何成功?请多睡一会
My big idea is a very, very small idea that can unlock billions of big ideas that are at the moment dormant inside us. And my little idea that will do that is sleep. (Laughter) (Applause) This is a room of type-A women. This is a room of sleep-deprived women. And I learned the hard way, the value of sleep. Two-and-a-half years ago, I fainted from exhaustion. I hit my head on my desk. I broke my cheekbone, I got five stitches on my right eye. And I began the journey of rediscovering the value of sleep. And in the course of that, I studied, I met with medical doctors, scientists, and I'm here to tell you that the way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep. (Applause) And we women are going to lead the way in this new revolution, this new feminist issue. We are literally going to sleep our way to the top, literally. (Laughter) (Applause) Because unfortunately for men, sleep deprivation has become a virility symbol. I was recently having dinner with a guy who bragged that he had only gotten four hours sleep the night before. And I felt like saying to him -- but I didn't say it -- I felt like saying, "You know what? If you had gotten five, this dinner would have been a lot more interesting." (Laughter) There is now a kind of sleep deprivation one-upmanship. Especially here in Washington, if you try to make a breakfast date, and you say, "How about eight o'clock?" they're likely to tell you, "Eight o'clock is too late for me, but that's okay, I can get a game of tennis in and do a few conference calls and meet you at eight." And they think that means that they are so incredibly busy and productive, but the truth is they're not, because we, at the moment, have had brilliant leaders in business, in finance, in politics, making terrible decisions. So a high I.Q. does not mean that you're a good leader, because the essence of leadership is being able to see the iceberg before it hits the Titanic. And we've had far too many icebergs hitting our Titanics. In fact, I have a feeling that if Lehman Brothers was Lehman Brothers and Sisters, they might still be around. (Applause) While all the brothers were busy just being hyper-connected 24/7, maybe a sister would have noticed the iceberg, because she would have woken up from a seven-and-a-half- or eight-hour sleep and have been able to see the big picture. So as we are facing all the multiple crises in our world at the moment, what is good for us on a personal level, what's going to bring more joy, gratitude, effectiveness in our lives and be the best for our own careers is also what is best for the world. So I urge you to shut your eyes and discover the great ideas that lie inside us, to shut your engines and discover the power of sleep. Thank you. (Applause)
个人分类: 人文社科|4777 次阅读|3 个评论
[转载]重塑政治:美国耶鲁大学校长在2010年毕业典礼上的演讲(中英文)
wilber983046 2011-12-28 15:27
转自:http://scienceroom.net/reclaiming-politics-653.html 英文原文 Baccalaureate Address: Reclaiming Politics President Richard C. Levin May 23, 2010 Yale University What a journey you have had! Four years of exploring a place so rich with treasure: courses taught by some of the world’s most brilliant and creative scholars and scientists, a library with few peers, museums that expose you to the full variety of nature and human cultures, musical and theatrical performances of the highest quality, vigorous intercollegiate and intramural athletic programs, and classmates whose excellence never ceases to astonish – and all this set within the imposing and inspiring architecture of a campus that is itself a museum. You have had the chance to interact with classmates from 50 states and 50 nations, and the great majority of you have taken advantage of Yale’s abundant international programs to spend a semester or a summer abroad. In the classroom, you were encouraged to engage thoroughly and rigorously in thinking independently about the subjects you studied. You were challenged to develop the powers of critical reasoning fundamental to success in any life endeavor. Outside the classroom, as you worked productively in the hundreds of organizations you joined or founded, you exercised the skills of teamwork and leadership. In your overseas experiences, you deepened your capacity for understanding those whose values and cultures differ from your own – preparing you for citizenship in a globally interconnected world. You may not recognize this in yourselves, but you are ready for what is next. Understandably, you may be uncertain and a bit anxious about what lies ahead. But, if history is to be trusted, you will find many paths open to you. Because of the talent you possessed before you came here, as well as the intellectual and personal growth you have experienced here, you will find, with high likelihood, success in your chosen endeavors. And we expect you to stay connected. The vibrant life of this university is greatly enriched by the deep commitment and active participation of its graduates – think of all the master’s teas and guest lectures and college seminars offered by our alumni. And keep in mind that when you thanked your parents a few moments ago, you might also have been thanking the generations of Yale graduates whose gifts past and present supported half the total cost of your education. Perhaps I am overconfident about your prospects for personal fulfillment and professional success, but I don’t think so. If you will concede my point for the sake of argument, let’s ask the next question, one so deeply rooted in Yale’s mission and tradition that for most of you, fortunately, it has become ingrained. And that question is: how can I serve? How can I contribute to the wellbeing of those around me, much as we all have done in building communities within the residential colleges and volunteering in so many valuable roles in the city of New Haven? Now is an important time to be asking this question. Let me suggest why, and then let me suggest an answer. Aristotle tells us that we are by nature political animals. But one wonders whether he would recognize the species that we have become. Eighteen months ago, the United States elected a new president who was prepared to address, intelligently and collaboratively, the most pressing problems confronting the nation – education, health care, climate change, and improving America’s image in the rest of the world. Late in the election campaign, the financial crisis intervened, and economic recovery and financial sector reform were added to this ambitious agenda. What has happened since does not inspire great confidence in the capacity of our system to deal intelligently with important problems. We legislated a stimulus package that was less effective than it should have been, and far less effective than the corresponding measures undertaken in China. Fifteen months later, unemployment in the United States is still 9.9%. After months of stalemate, Congress enacted a health care bill that extends care to millions of uncovered individuals and families, but takes only the most tentative steps toward containing the escalating costs that will create an unsustainable burden of public debt within the next decade or two. We failed to address climate change in time to achieve a meaningful global agreement in Copenhagen. And, although financial sector reform now seems to be a possibility, the debate has been replete with misunderstanding of what actually went wrong and a misplaced desire for revenge. Why is this happening? Let me make two observations, and then trace their implications for how you might conduct yourselves as citizens and participants in political life. First, contemporary political discussion is too often dominated by oversimplified ideologies with superficial appeal to voters. And, second, political actors in the United States give too much weight to the interests of groups with the resources to influence their re-election, and too little attention to the costs and benefits of their actions on the wider public. In The Federalist (No. 10), James Madison addresses the second of these observations, in the context of the fledgling republic established by the U.S. Constitution. He notes that the tendency to pursue self-interest can never be entirely suppressed, but it can be mitigated by the proper design of political institutions. In contrast to a direct democracy where individuals would tend to vote their own interests, a republican form of government, Madison argues, will have a greater tendency to select representatives who attend to the broader interests of the whole. And, he further argues, representatives in a large republic constituted of a wide range of divergent interests will find it easier to rise above parochialism than those in a smaller republic comprised of a small number of competing factions. The protections that our form of government offers against ideology and faction have attenuated greatly since Madison’s time, for at least two reasons. First, mass communication increases the opportunity to sway voters by appeal to simple formulations. Of course, the rise of mass communication could be a tool for raising the level of discourse through more effective education of the electorate. But it interacts with the second attenuating factor: that the money required to win elections through the media has created a dependence on funding from special interest groups. And it is these interest groups who distort reasoned dialogue by sponsoring oversimplified messages. It is easy to see how these developments have thwarted recent efforts to shape responsible public policy. For example, the interest groups opposing health care reform defeated efforts to contain costs by labeling them “death panels,” and they defeated the creation of a new public vehicle for providing health insurance by insisting that we must “keep government out of the health care business,” when in fact Medicare, Medicaid, and the Veterans Administration already pay nearly 40 per cent of the nation’s health care bill. I am not taking sides here, only pointing to the fact that intelligent debate on these subjects was crowded out by ideological distortion. How can we create a national and global dialogue that transcends such oversimplification and parochialism? Let me suggest that we need each of you to raise the level of debate. You came here to develop your powers of critical thinking, to separate what makes sense from what is superficial, misleading, and seductive. Whether you have studied literature, philosophy, history, politics, economics, biology, physics, chemistry, or engineering, you have been challenged to think deeply, to identify the inconsistent and illogical, and to reason your way to intelligent conclusions. You can apply these powers of critical discernment not simply to fulfill personal aspirations, but to make a contribution to public life. Every signal you have received in this nurturing community has been unwavering in its message that the growth of your competencies is not to benefit you alone. You have learned in your residential colleges that building a successful community has required you to respect and value one another, and, when appropriate, to moderate your own desires for the benefit of the whole. And so it should be in your lives after Yale. If you are to help to solve this nation’s problems – or work across national boundaries to address global problems such as climate, terrorism, and nuclear proliferation – you will need to draw upon both these fruits of a Yale education: the capacity to reason and the ethical imperative to think beyond your own self-interest. I know that many of you are taking advantage of these first years after graduation to take up public service, and I hope that even more of you will consider this path. There are plenty of jobs in the public sector for enterprising recent graduates; many are short-term but others may lead to careers. Many of you have signed up to be teachers. Others will enter business or the professions. But whatever choice you make, you can help to strengthen the nation and the world – by treating political choices not as triggers for an ideological reflex and not as opportunities to maximize self-interest. To combat reflexive ideologies, you must use the powers of reason that you have developed here to sift through the issues to reach thoughtful, intelligent conclusions. To combat parochialism, you must draw upon the ethical imperative that Yale has imbued in you – an imperative that begins with the golden rule. Whether you serve in government directly or simply exercise your responsibilities as a citizen and voter, recognize that we will all be best served if we take account not merely of our own self-interest, but the broader interests of humanity. To move beyond ideology and faction, we need to raise the level of political discourse. You, as the emerging leaders of your generation, must rise to this challenge. In first paragraph of The Federalist (No. 1), writing about the infant republic whose constitution he was endeavoring to defend, Alexander Hamilton asserts: It has frequently been remarked, that it seems to have been reserved to the people of this country, by their conduct and example, to decide the important question, whether societies … are really capable or not, of establishing good government from reflection and choice … There is much in America’s history of the past two and a quarter centuries that would incline us to conclude that Hamilton’s question has been answered in the affirmative. Our institutions of representative government have proven themselves to be durable; the rule of law has prevailed, and the scope of personal liberty has expanded far beyond what the founders envisioned. But today, in the face of oversimplified ideology and the dominance of narrow interests, we must wonder again whether Hamilton’s question is still open. Women and men of the Yale College class of 2010: It falls to you, the superbly educated leaders of your generation, to rise above ideology and faction, to bring to bear your intelligence and powers of critical thinking to elevate public discourse, to participate as citizens and to answer the call to service. Only with your commitment can we be certain that our future will be decided by “reflection and choice” in the broad best interest of humanity. You can do it. Yes you can. ====================================================== 中文翻译 重塑政治 –理查德. 查. 莱文(耶鲁大学校长) 2010年5月23日 你们刚刚完成了一段伟大的旅程。四年来,你们在一个充满了财富的地方不断探索。全世界最聪慧、最富创造力的学者和专家为你们授课;你们拥有其他学校望尘莫及的图书馆;你们的博物馆包罗人间百态、宇宙万象;你们可以欣赏到第一流的音乐和戏剧;你们有充满活力的校内外体育竞技;你们身边是一群永远卓俊的同学——这一切,都在一座座本身就充满了灵性与诗意的建筑中为你们呈现。你们与来自五十个州、五十个国家的同学朝夕相处。你们中的许多人都曾利用耶鲁充足的国际资源,拓展了自己在海外学习与生活的经验。   在课堂里,你们完整而严密的独立思考能力通过所学课程不断得到发展。你们的批判精神和思辨习惯不断经受考验。这对你们未来的发展与成功至关重要。在课堂以外,你们的团队精神和领导才能在数百个学生组织的活动中得到提升。你们的海外经历加深了你们对不同价值观、不同文化的包容与理解。你们因此成为与世界相联通的全球公民。也许你们自己还没有意识到,你们已经为人生的下一步做好了准备。   你们心中想必对未来还有一些踌躇与顾虑。如果我们依历史预测未来,那么我们知道,光明坦途就在你们脚下。你们自身的禀赋,以及在这里所经历的成长,将必定帮助你们在所选择的道路上取得成功。我们也希望你们能够相互扶持。回想你们所亲历过的校友们的馈赠,比如院长茶会、客座演讲、学院研讨,你们就会意识到,这所学校的生活正是倚赖毕业生们的执著与付出而如此丰富多彩。当你们感谢父母时,你们也需要明白,正是一代代耶鲁毕业生的回馈,支撑着属于你们的这个集体。   也许我对你们未来将会实现的人生价值和取得的事业成就过于乐观了。但是我不这么认为。假如你同意我的观点,那么请允许我提出一个问题,一个深植于耶鲁之精神与传统,以至于你们中的许多人都已经把他看作与生俱来的问题,那就是,你将如何奉献?你将如何把你在学院中为集体奉献、在纽黑文为这座城市奉献的精神,带到你的生活之中,去改善你身边每一个人的生活?这样重要的一个问题,在现在这样的时刻提出,正当其时。请让我先解释为什么要提出这样的问题,然后让我们看看应该如何来回答。   亚里士多德说,我们每一个人都是天生的政治动物。但是在他眼里,当今的我们也许早已经成为了一个完全陌生的种群。十八个月前,美国选举出了一位新总统。他肩负的使命是全面而深入地解决这个国家所遭遇到的最紧迫的问题——教育,医保,气候变化,以及重塑美国的国际形象。在选战的后半段,金融危机的影响扩散开来,于是经济复苏与金融业改革也被提上日程,列入了这本已十分宏伟的计划。   之后发生的事情并没有让我们相信当前的体制可以有能力解决这些问题。我们出台的复苏计划远没有达到预期的效果,而中国采取的相应措施比我们有效的多。十五个月过去了,美国的失业率仍然高达9.9%。经过几个月的拖延,国会终于通过了一项惠及几百万家庭的医疗保障计划。但是与之相关的高昂成本会让我们未来几十年负债累累,国会对此却完全无人问津。在哥本哈根我们没能就全球气候变化达成任何有价值的协议。不仅如此,金融业改革的可能性也在对关键症结的误解和对报复性举措的滥用中消耗殆尽。   为什么会这样?请先让我提出我的两点看法,然后让我们看看这与你们未来的政治生涯以及公民身份有什么联系。第一,当今的政治决策过程中往往充斥着为了迎合普通选民肤浅的诉求而刻意简单化的意识形态。第二,美国的政客为了确保再次当选,对手握重金的利益集团过于看重,而对他们的行为到底会给普罗大众带来怎样的利害却漠不关心。   在联邦党人宪章第十篇中,詹姆斯.麦迪逊针对美国宪法刚刚确立的共和政体论述过我上面的第二点看法。他指出,对个人利益的追求永远无法被完全消灭,但是一个良好的政治制度却可以最大限度地消除这种追求的负面影响。麦迪逊认为,相比起人人追逐自我利益的直接民主体制,共和体制将会更有效地推选出代表最广泛群众利益的人民代表。不仅如此,他还认为,一个由许多不同利益诉求所构成的大共和体,相比起由一小撮竞争党派构成的小共和体,更易于推动人民代表克服狭隘主义的局限。   但是自麦迪逊的时代以来,我们的政府形式所能发挥的对意识形态和党派争端的限制作用已经被大大削弱。导致这一变化的原因至少有两点。第一,大众传媒手段的普及放大了简单政治口号对普通选民的影响作用。当然,大众传媒手段的兴起可以通过对选民的教育而达到提高政治决策水平的目的。但是由于结合了第二点原因,即大众传媒时代的选战胜利往往对特殊利益集团的政治献金过于依赖,大众传媒手段便往往被这些利益集团所利用,通过散布过于简单化的信息,来达到扭曲政治决策的目的。   这样的变化对于推行科学有效的公共政策所产生的阻碍作用是显而易见的。比如说,反对医疗保障改革的利益集团给降低医保成本的计划贴上了“死刑审判”的标签,从而使得这些计划无法得以推行。他们通过鼓吹“政府不干涉医疗保障事业”来阻碍公共医疗保险机制的创立与推进。实际上,仅退休医保、医疗低保、退伍医保三项,就承担了这个国家超过40%的医疗保障成本。我并不想在此事上加入个人偏见。(也许我已经加入了。)我只想指出,公共医疗事业的决策过程,如今早已被意识形态和集团利益所扭曲和左右。   我们要怎样做,才能在全国乃至全球范围内,逐渐克服这样过于简单化的趋势和狭隘主义?我认为,我们需要你们在座的每一个人来改变政治决策的过程。你们来到这里接受教育,为的是培养你们的思辨能力,为的是让你们学会区分什么是正确的,什么是肤浅的、误导的、蛊惑的。无论你们所学习的是文学、哲学、历史、政治、经济、生物、物理、化学,还是工程,你们都已经可以深入思考,辨识矛盾与错误,并最终得出你们自己的正确结论。你们不仅可以运用这些能力去取得个人的成功,你们也可以为公众的利益做出贡献。   在这样一个欣欣向荣的集体里,你们获得的点滴教育都指引着你们为超越自身利益的事业而付出努力。在你们的学院里,你们明白了只有互相尊重、互相理解,并且有时牺牲个人诉求,才能构建起一个和谐的集体。这些精神应该在你们离开耶鲁之后的生活中得到延续。如果你们将为解决这个国家的问题而奋斗,或者跨越国界,为解决全世界所面临的诸如气候变化、恐怖主义、核武扩散等问题而奋斗,你们都必须明白,耶鲁教育的成果,是为了帮助你们,在智力上与道义上,都取得超越个人利益的成功。   我知道你们中的许多人一毕业就将成为人民公仆。我也希望你们中的更多人最终会加入这个行列。公共事业的许多领域都需要你们这样的毕业生去为之努力,不论是作为短期计划,还是作为终身事业。你们中的许多人都已经报名成为教师。其他人也许会进入商业或者技术领域。无论你们选择了怎样的道路,你们都可以为这个国家和世界做出贡献,只要你们记住,政治决策过程不是用来为意识形态和个人利益服务的。为了克服短浅的意识形态局限,你们必须用你们的思辨能力去考量每一个问题,最终得出全面而科学的结论。为了克服狭隘主义,你们必须把耶鲁赋予你们的道德力量发扬光大,而这道德力量的缘起,就是为人民服务的黄金法则。无论你们是为政府工作,还是行使你们作为公民与选民的权利,你们都需要意识到,唯有超越个人利益而惠及整个人类文明的决策,才能最大限度地服务我们每一个人。唯有提高政治决策的水平,我们才能克服意识形态和党派争端的局限。你们,作为你们这一代人未来的领袖,必须去直面这样的挑战。   为了努力捍卫一个年轻共和国的宪法,亚历山大.汉密尔顿在联邦党人宪章第一篇第一段里写道:   许多例证都表明,这个国家的人民最关注的重要问题,是这个社会能否在反思与抉择的基础之上,建立一个好的政府……   从两百二十多年的美国历史来看,汉密尔顿所提出的问题,应该早已有了一个肯定的答案。我们构建在人民代表制度基础上的政府与体制是经得起考验的;我们的法制化进程不断推进;我们对个人自由的保障远超出了开国元勋们的设想。但是今天,面对过于简单化的意识形态,和日益主宰政治决策过程的狭隘特殊利益,我们必须重新思考,汉密尔顿的问题是否仍然有相同的答案。   耶鲁大学2010届的毕业生们:你们作为同辈中受过良好教育的未来领袖,肩负着超越意识形态和党派局限的历史责任。你们必须用你们过人的智慧和思辨的精神去提升政治决策的水平。你们必须以公民的身份响应时代的号召。只有通过你们的努力,我们才能保证我们的未来一代能够在“反思与抉择”的基础之上为整个人类文明的福祉服务。你们必然能够完成你们的使命。你们必然能够完成。
1919 次阅读|0 个评论
A JOURNEY SEEKING FOR ROOTS AND DREAMS No. 2
pww1380 2010-12-15 21:28
A JOURNEY SEEKING FOR ROOTS AND DREAMS ______A Sequence of Poems No. 2: The Path of My Homeland I love this snaking path. I miss the path of my homeland. It was the path I stepped on as I was a boy. It is the path Which comes tomy dream every day.
个人分类: 心香一瓣(Devotional Joss Stick)|2579 次阅读|0 个评论
艺林撷英(27):A JOURNEY SEEKING FOR ROOTS AND DREAMS
pww1380 2010-12-7 09:11
A JOURNEY SEEKING FOR ROOTS AND DREAMS ______A Sequence of Poems by Yang Wenxiang No. 1:Oh, the Moon. Oh, my Home Up in the sky, Oh, The moon, Gives me brightness every night. Silently, The moon, Put the whole world in your silver light. Somehow, you always make me this sad. Above the sky far and high, Oh, the moon, You are away from me Like my home in countryside. Oh, the moon, The Angel of light, Oh, my home, The paradise of mine. Gazing upon the moon so bright, I miss my home each time.
个人分类: 心香一瓣(Devotional Joss Stick)|3118 次阅读|0 个评论

Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )

GMT+8, 2024-6-2 13:36

Powered by ScienceNet.cn

Copyright © 2007- 中国科学报社

返回顶部