最近在线的一篇文章 Evolutionary analysis of MIKCc-type MADS-box genes in gymnosperms and angiosperms Fei Chen 1 , Xingtan Zhang 1 , Xing Liu 1 and Liangsheng Zhang 1* fpls-08-00895.pdf 被子植物又叫开花植物，有没有花是被子植物和裸子植物的主要差别。而花是由ABCE 模型基因而控制着，属于mads-box基因家族。 我们主要是裸子植物与被子植物比较，重点使用了最近测序的裸子植物基因组，如银杏，以及千种转录组数据库（oneKP http://www.onekp.com/blast.html ）中的裸子植物数据。 把MIKCc-type基因分成14个亚家族，裸子植物有3个亚家族扩张 ， 而被子植物刚好在ABCE基因上都有扩张，而裸子植物没有。被子植物这些基因扩张应该是他们成为开花的关键，而裸子植物却没有。裸子植物在另外一些基因的扩张可能与裸子植物的一些特性有关系。 红色是裸子植物，黑色是被子植物 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Front. Plant Sci. | doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00895 Evolutionary analysis of MIKCc-type MADS-box genes in gymnosperms and angiosperms Fei Chen 1 , Xingtan Zhang 1 , Xing Liu 1 and Liangsheng Zhang 1* 1 Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Corps (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China MIKCc-type MADS-box genes encode transcription factors that control floral organ morphogenesis and flowering time in flowering plants. Here, in order to determine when the subfamilies of MIKCc originated and their early evolutionary trajectory, we sampled and analyzed the genomes and large-scale transcriptomes representing all the orders of gymnosperms and basal angiosperms. Through phylogenetic inference, the MIKCc-type MADS-box genes were subdivided into 14 monophyletic clades. Among them, the gymnosperm orthologs of AGL6, SEP, AP1, GMADS, SOC1, AGL32, AP3/PI, SVP, AGL15, ANR1, and AG were identified. We identified and characterized the origin of a novel subfamily GMADS within gymnosperms but lost orthologs in monocots and Brassicaceae. ABCE model prototype genes were relatively conserved in terms of gene number in gymnosperms, but expanded in angiosperms, whereas SVP, SOC1, and GMADS had dramatic expansions in gymnosperms but conserved in angiosperms. Our results provided the most detailed evolutionary history of all MIKCc gene clades in gymnosperms and angiosperms. We proposed that although the near complete set of MIKCc genes had evolved in gymnosperms, the duplication and expressional transition of ABCE model MIKCc genes in the ancestor of angiosperms triggered the first flower.
标签: 裸子植物
