科学网

 找回密码
  注册

tag 标签: 光学陶瓷

相关帖子

版块 作者 回复/查看 最后发表

没有相关内容

相关日志

[转载]2010年国际激光陶瓷会议(LCS2010)邀请报告
lijiang1977 2010-7-15 15:01
Confirmed Invited Speakers Author Title Abstract Boulon, G. Segregation phenomenon of rare earth dopants in ceramics We analyse segregation phenomenon of Ce 3+ (first position) and Yb 3+ (last position) rare earth dopants in grain and grain boundaries of oxide optical ceramics from imaging confocal microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy. Interpretation is related with growth from liquid phase. Dong, J. Comparative investigation of cw and Q-switched laser performance of Yb:YAG ceramics and crystals Gaume, R. Characterization of absorption losses in YAG laser ceramics We will report on comparative thermalized absorption measurements obtained in various YAG transparent ceramics and single-crystals. Correlations with lattice defects and impurities content will be discussed. Jaque, D. Microstructuration techniques for the development of minituarized Nd:YAG ceramic lasers The last developments achieved in the micro-structuration of Nd:YAG ceramic lasers for their incorporation in active photonic devices will be discussed. We will pay special attention to the fundamentals of the different techniques used up to now. Kaminskii, A. A. Where did the fifty-year search for laser crystal and ceramics take us? During half a century history of the laser era the search for laser crystals and ceramics has brought many important results. They have largely determined the development and formation of laser physics. Applications of laser crystals and ceramics are well known. Some of them (mainly with Ln 3+ lasants) in the report would be given special attention. Unfortunately, the further success of the search and application of laser crystal materials prevented a number of issues that have not been fully resolved over the years. Some of these problems will be considered in the report taking into account modern trends of laser physics and nonlinear optics. Kawanaka, J. High pulse energy and high average power laser by using a composite ceramic Diode-pumped solid-state laser has been developed by using a cryogenic composite ceramic. A novel laser amplifier arrangement of total-reflection active-mirror was proposed for high-pulse-energy and high-average-power simultaneously. The regenerative amplifier was demonstrated and a joule-class multi-pass amplifier is under construction. Khazanow, E. Specificity of thermal effects in laser ceramics as compared to single crystals: theory and experiments We review theoretical predictions and experimental confirmations of strong statistical dispersion of thermal lensing and thermally induced depolarization in ceramics. This effect is specific to ceramics and has no analogues either in glasses or in single crystals. Kuretake, S. Nd 3+ -doped Ba(Zr 4+ ,Mg 2+ ,Ta 5+ )O 3 ceramics as laser materials We report transparent Nd 3+ -doped Ba(Zr,Mg,Ta)O 3 (Nd:BZMT) ceramics as laser materials. The results of the structural analyses and the fluorescence properties in Nd:BZMT fabricated by adjusting the BZMT composition in order to substitute Nd dopants at different crystal sites will be reported. Menke, Y. Transparent ceramics for optical and fluorescence applications In this paper new developments in the fabrication of high refractive index materials with cubic crystal structure as possible matrix material for rare-earth activated compounds are described. Related applications in both optical and fluorescence application fields are illustrated. Shimonya, Y. Strength and strengthening of polycrystalline (ceramic) laser components Crystalline laser components may fracture under high thermally induced stress. In the present paper, ways to evaluate the tensile strength of crystalline and poly-crystalline laser components will be discussed, as well as paths to enhance their strength. Strk, W. Upconversion phenomena in Er-doped Yb:YAG nanocrystalline powders and ceramics Taira, T. Anisotropic ceramics as a next generation laser Transparent polycrystalline ceramics for laser applications have been demonstrated to offer tremendous processing and design advantages relative to Czochralski-grown single crystals. After the review of conventional ceramic lasers, we'd like to discuss the next generation of ceramic lasers based on anisotropic ceramics. Tanabe, S. Optical properties of transparent GdYAG:Ce ceramics for white LED Transparent Ce 3+ -doped GdYAG ceramics were fabricated by vacuum sintering of powders prepared by co-precipitation methods. By exciting with a blue LED, the ceramics on top showed excellent luminous efficacy and good color rendering as a white LED. In the photoluminescence spectra, the wavelength shift of the Ce 3+ :5d -4f transition was observed by Gd substitution of Y-site, as well as in the photoluminescence excitation spectra. Ueda, K. I. will be reported later Wei, G. Optical ceramics for solid state lighting Solid-state lighting utilizes new optical ceramics such as Ce-doped garnets to either combine emissions from the LED and ceramic for high-brightness white light, or fully convert to pure color. Precision fabrication achieves efficient luminescent ions, host lattices, and favorable absorption and emission. Weichmann, U. Ceramic materials for visible solid-state lasers For consumer applications of lasers, ceramic laser materials play an important role with respect to the integration aspects of the laser setup. In this contribution we will present results from our work on integrated green efficient lasers for projection systems. Zhang, J. Processing control for fabricating high quality Nd:YAG ceramics In this research, the effects of stoichiometry ratio, sintering aids, and sintering conditions on microstructure and further the optical quality of the sintered ceramics will be discussed. By optimizing the processing parameters, high optical quality YAG ceramics are fabricated successfully. 引用: https://en.fh-muenster.de/iot/LCS-2010/lcs-10_programme.php?p=7,0#a3
个人分类: 科研项目|4502 次阅读|2 个评论
[转载]常见的光学陶瓷
热度 1 lijiang1977 2010-7-12 11:13
光学陶瓷 Optical ceramic 采用陶瓷制备工艺制取的,具有一定透光性的多晶材料。它包括透明铁电陶瓷、透明氧化物陶瓷、透明红外陶瓷等。通常用热压烧结和气氛烧结两种方法制取,光学陶瓷除具有透光性外,不同类型的光学陶瓷还具有电光效应、磁光效应、耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐冲刷、高强度等优异性能。在计算机技术、红外技术、空间技术、激光技术、原子能技术和现代光源等领域有广泛的应用。 透明镁铝尖晶石陶瓷 transparent magnesium aluminum spinel ceramic 又称半透明烧结 MgAl 2 O 4 。用 Mg-Al 氢氧化物的共沉淀物或 Mg-Al 的盐类热分解产物为原料,添加少量 CaO 以促进液相烧结,真空中经 1800 ~ 1900 ℃或湿氢 1700 ℃ 左右烧结半透明状态。其烧结密度可达理论密度的 99.7 ~ 100 %,在 0.5 ~ 6.5 m 范围内的直线透过率大于 10 %,可见光范围的总透过率为 67 ~ 78 %。可用于高温电弧密封外壳、天线窗和红外透射装置。 透明偏铌酸铅钡镧陶瓷 transparent lanthanum modified lead-barium metaniobate ceramic 又称透明 PBLN 陶瓷,一种透明铁电陶瓷。化学式为( Pb 1 - y Ba y ) 1-x La x Nb 2-x/2 O 6 。以 La 2 O 3 、 Nb 2 O 5 、 PbO 、 BaCO 3 等为原料,于 1300 ℃ 通氧热压烧结而成。具有高的电光效应,其一次及二次电光效应各为 r c = 7.4510 -10 m /V 和 R=2.0910 -16 m 2 /V 2 。 透明氧化铝陶瓷 transparent alumina ceramic 一种呈透明状的 -Al 2 O 3 陶瓷,属于六方晶系,熔点 2050 ℃ 。它是由高纯 Al 2 O 3 (纯度大于 99.9% )为原料,加入少量 MgO 、 La 2 O 3 或 Y 2 O 3 等外加剂,采用气氛烧结和热压烧结等方法制成的透明多晶体。其密度大于 3.95g /cm 3 ,总透过率 95 %,介电常数大于 9.5 ,介电损耗角正切小于 110 -4 ,热膨胀系数 8.610 -6 / ℃,抗弯强度大于 350MPa ,能耐高温钠蒸气的腐蚀。广泛用于制造高压钠灯的发光管、微波集成电路用基片、轴承材料和红外光学元件等。 透明氧化铝陶瓷 transparent beryllia ceramic 一种呈半透明的主要成分为 BeO 的陶瓷。以氧化铍为原料,加入添加剂,在压力为 20MPa ,温度为 1200 ℃ 下烧结,可得到半透明状多晶体。晶型为六方晶系,熔点 2550 ℃ , 热膨胀系数 9.210 -6 / ℃,透光率 55 ~ 60 %(波长 0.4 ~ 3 m ,厚度 0.8mm ),具有极高的耐热震性、导热性和金属铝相似,电绝缘性能优良,高度化学惰性,但原料昂贵,有毒。可作为高温原子能反应堆的中心减速剂和反射剂,微波输出窗以及飞机、火箭的高温部件。 透明氧化钍陶瓷 transparent thoria ceramic 一种透明状的以 ThO 2 为主成分的陶瓷,属于立方晶系。以 ThO 2 为原料,添加 CaO 、 Y 2 O 3 、 ZrO 2 等稳定剂。在 H 2 气氛中 2000 ~ 2300 ℃下可烧制出透明体。熔点 3300 ℃ , 热膨胀系数 7.110 -6 / ℃,在 0.4 ~ 7 m 波长处,厚度为 1.5mm 时,透光率为 50 ~ 70 %,可作为高温环境的红外整流罩。 透明氧化钇陶瓷 transparent yttria ceramic 一种呈透明状的主成分为 Y 2 O 3 的陶瓷 . 以高纯 Y 2 O 3 ( 99.9% )为原料,添加 8 ~ 10mol %的 ThO 2 ,在氢气中于 2000 ℃ 以上的高温烧成的透明多晶体,也有添加 LiF 和 ThO 2 后在 1300 ~ 1500 ℃和 30 ~ 35MPa 压力下真空热压烧结制成。属于立方晶系,熔点大于 2400 ℃ ,介电常数 12 ~ 20 ,介电损耗角正切在 1MHz 时为 110 -4 ,透明性好,即使在远红外区仍有约 80 %的直线透过率。是一种优良的高温红外材料和电子材料,主要用于红外导弹的窗口和整流罩、天线罩、微波基板、绝缘支架、红外发生器管壳、红外透镜以及其它高温窗口等。也可在 Y 2 O 3 -ThO 2 中添加少量的 Eu 2 O 3 、 Dy 2 O 3 、 Tb 2 O 3 、 Nd 2 O 3 等氧化物,制成透明陶瓷,作激光工作物质。 热压多晶氟化钡陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline barium fluoride ceramic 是一种红外光学陶瓷,其化学式为 BaF 2 。可用热压法制备,热压温度 600 ℃ ,压力 240MPa 。在 3 ~ 10 m 波长范围内,透过率可达 80 %左右,用作红外透光材料。 热压多晶氟化钙陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline calcium fluoride ceramic 是一种红外光学陶瓷 , 其化学式 CaF 2 。可用热压工艺制备,一般是把氟化钙掺杂改性,使其除能透过红外光线外,还有光色作用。例如掺入 Ce 、 Gd 等杂质,在光线未照射前呈兰色,辐照时呈粉红色,停照后可退光。如果掺入 Eu 、 Sm 等杂质,则辐照时呈绿色,它是一种光色材料。 热压多晶氟化镧陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline magnesium fluoride ceramic 以高纯 LaF 2 为原料,它是在真空中,于 825 ~ 875 ℃的温度和 248 ~ 310MPa 压力下热压而成。在 3 ~ 11 m 波长范围内,其透过率大于 80 %。红外波段的折射率为 1.5 左右。具有很好的耐热震和耐高温性能。 热压多晶氟化镁陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline magnesium fluoride ceramic 以高纯 MgF 2 为原料,在 600 ~ 700 ℃的温度和 300MPa 压力下,经真空热压烧结制成。其密度 3.17g /cm 3 ,莫氏硬度为 6 ,抗弯强度 100MPa ,热膨胀系数为 11.910 -6 / ℃(在 25 ~ 400 ℃)。介电性能:在频率为 9.42kHz , 25 ℃ 时,介电常数= 5.23 ,介电损耗角正切 tg =0.0025 。它是较理想的透红外材料之一,在 3 ~ 6.5 m 波长范围内,其透过率约为 90 %(样品厚度 2 ~ 3mm ),它还具有透过率随温度变化小和折射率低等特点。可用于红外窗口、半球形整流罩、激光片底板等。 热压多晶氟化锶陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline strontium fluoride ceramic 是一种红外光陶瓷,化学式 SrF 2 。用热压法制备,热压温度 650 ℃ ,压力约为 250MPa 。在 5 m 波长处的透过率大于 80 %,用作红外透光材料。 热压多晶硫化锌陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline zinc sulfate ceramic 以高纯 ZnS 为原料,在 700 ~ 800 ℃的温度和 300 ~ 400MPa 压力下,经热压烧结制成。其密度 4.09g /cm 3 ,抗弯强度 103MPa ,热膨胀系数为 7.910 -6 / ℃(在 30 ~ 600 ℃)。介电性能:在频率为 9.4GHz , 18 ℃ 时,介电常数= 8.5 ,介电损耗角正切 tg =0.0412 。它是 8 ~ 14 m 波段范围内较理想的透红外陶瓷之一,在 1 ~ 14 m 波长范围内,平均透过率约大于 70 %(样品厚度 2 ~ 3mm ),一般用于红外透过窗口、支撑透镜、红外激光雷达密封罩、整流罩等。 热压多晶硒化锌陶瓷 hot-pressed polycrystalline zinc selenide ceramic 化学式为 ZnSe ,是红外光学陶瓷之一。由热压烧结制成。其密度 5.27g /cm 3 热膨胀系数为 7.710 -6 / ℃,不溶于水,折射率很高,在 5 m 处为 2.4 。它的透红外波段较宽,约 1 ~ 21 m 。反射损失较大,可在表面蒸镀氟化钡以减小反射损失,提高透过率。用途和热压硫化锌等多晶红外陶瓷相似。 参考文献:师昌绪 . 材料大辞典 . 北京:化学工业出版社, 1994
个人分类: 透明陶瓷|5226 次阅读|1 个评论
先进光学陶瓷之George. C. Wei邀请报告—LCS 2008 (8)
lijiang1977 2008-11-14 22:23
激光陶瓷分会的第一个邀请报告是 OSRAM SYLVANIA 的 George. C. Wei ,报告题目是 Advances in Optical Ceramics 。半透明氧化铝陶瓷已经用来高压钠灯管,其结构和性能已经有了很大的改善。无论氧化铝原料的纯度和尺寸,还是氧化铝烧结体的检测手段都有了很大的提高。如今氧化镁在氧化铝中的固溶,被认为控制着晶粒尺寸。在致密化过程中,随着晶界移动的停止和气孔的消除,添加剂在晶界的富集程度,晶界宽度和晶格中的固溶含量都会发生变化。同时,氧空位影响移动晶界的界面传输,并显著影响氧化铝陶瓷烧结体的光学性能。特别大的晶粒尺寸(转变成蓝宝石)和非常小的晶粒尺寸(亚微米晶粒尺寸)都会进一步提高透过率。 B 2 O 3 的掺杂能提高多晶氧化铝陶瓷变成蓝宝石单晶的转化率。这些氧化铝陶瓷材料和立方结构的高对称性陶瓷(如 Y 2 O 3 , Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , MgAl 2 O 4 , AlON 等)都因为粉体、成型、烧结等技术的发展,光学性能都大大的提高。光学陶瓷的应用范围包括:固体激光器增益介质、闪烁体、窗口、盔甲等。 Prof. George. C. Wei做邀请报告 光学陶瓷的热-机械性能 多晶氧化铝陶瓷转变成蓝宝石 晶粒生长成单晶 Dy2O3透明陶瓷 半透明发光陶瓷 透明立方晶系陶瓷 光学陶瓷总结
个人分类: 透明陶瓷|6200 次阅读|4 个评论

Archiver|手机版|科学网 ( 京ICP备07017567号-12 )

GMT+8, 2024-6-19 07:41

Powered by ScienceNet.cn

Copyright © 2007- 中国科学报社

返回顶部