《古植物学的故事》（90 ） 英国古植物学的传承(5): 名师William Gilbert Chaloner教授 孙启高 2010 年12月30日 英国著名古植物学家William Gilbert Chaloner(1928--) 师从 ThomasMaxwell Harris教授( 1903--1983)。1947年，W. G. Chaloner 进入英国 雷丁大学 (University of Reading)学习。他接受了 化学、植物学和地质学这 3个专业的训练，1953年获得博士学位。1953---1954年Bill Chaloner赴美国 University of Michigan 跟随著名古植物学家 Chester Arthur Arnold教授（1901--1977）从事博士后研究。在美国工作期间，Bill Chaloner访问了康乃尔大学 Harlan P. Banks 教授（1913--1998）的古植物学实验室并从事野外采集。 在结束美国的博士后研究后， Bill Chaloner到法国巴黎参加了1954年7月214日召开的第8届国际植物学大会(International Botanical Congress)。根据Bill Chaloner教授回忆和其他文字资料，在这次会议上法国古植物学家 Edouard Boureau (1913--1999) 提议成立国际古植物学协会 (International Organization of Palaeobotany)，并担任首任秘书长。 1976年Bill Chaloner教授 当选为英国皇家学会院士 (FRS)。 1981年和2000年Bill Chaloner教授先后两次访问中国。他与中国几代古植物学家都有广泛交流与合作。 Bill Chaloner教授的早期研究兴趣主要是泥盆纪植物大化石和孢子的研究。后来，他的科学研究拓展到古植物学研究的很多方面并开拓了一些崭新的研究领域，如：植物化石的气孔密度及指数与古大气二氧化碳浓度的变化等。 Bill Chaloner教授是名副其实的一代名师，他培养了很多优秀的人才，其中很多学生都已成为优秀的古植物学家。 关于 Bill Chaloner教授的学术经历和成就，请参见英国Royal Holloway University of London两位教授Andrew Scott和Margaret E. Collinson撰写的资料---- Biography and Bibliography of Professor William Gilbert Chaloner: Biography of Professor W. G. Chaloner ------------------------ 相关资料： 古植物学的故事（ 13）-----看英伦 英国古植物学的才子与才女 http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=269898 2009-11-10 10:51:34 古植物学的故事（39 ）---350年来与古植物学有缘的英国皇家学会院士与外籍院士（1660--2010） http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=328266 发表于 2010-5-24 23:43:30 古植物学的故事（44 ）： 著名古植物学家、英国皇家学会院士William G. Chaloner 教授畅谈他的学术人生 http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=333604 发表于 2010-6-9 1:02:09 http://www.palynology.org/history/chalonerb.html AASP ORAL HISTORY PROJECT INTERVIEW WITH PROFESSOR WILLIAM G. (BILL) CHALONER University College London - 16th December 2002 Interviewer - J. B. Riding -------------------------------- William Gilbert Chaloner http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Chaloner_(botanist) Professor William Gilbert Chaloner FRS (born 22 Nov 1928) is a distinguished British paleobotanist . He is Emeritus Professor of Botany in the Earth Sciences Department at Royal Holloway, University of London , and Visiting Professor in Earth Sciences at University College, London . Life Chaloner was born in Chelsea, the son of Ernest J and Lenore (ne Maude) Chaloner and was educated at Kingston Grammar School . He attended evening classes in Geology at Chelsea Polytechnic. In 1947 he went up Reading University to study Botany, Geology and Chemistry and gained his B.Sc. in 1950 and a Ph.D in 1953. After a year at the University of Michigan he returned home to serve two years National Service in the army before joining the faculty of the Department of Botany at University College, London in 1956. In 1972 he became Professor of Botany at Birkbeck College . In 1979 he was appointed to the Hildred Carlyle Chair of Botany at Bedford College . He has held visiting professorships at Pennsylvania State University , University of Nigeria, Nsukka and the University of Massachusetts . William is a Fellow of the Royal Society , and the Linnean Society and the recipient of several awards, including the Linnean Medal and the Palaeontological Association's Lapworth Medal. He was elected as a Trustee for the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew in 1983. He was president of the Linnean Society from 1985 to 1988. He married his American wife Judith; they have two daughters and a son. ------------------
《古植物学的故事》（89） 英国古植物学的传承(4): 名师John Walton教授 著名古植物学家 John Walton (1895-1971) 曾在剑桥大学师从古植物学大师 Sir Albert Charles Seward 教授 (1863--1941) 。 19301962 年 John Walton 在 Glasgow 大学担任植物学 Regius 教授。 1931 年 John Walton 当选为爱丁堡皇家科学院院士。公开资料显示提名人为： Edward Taylor Jones, Sir John Graham Kerr, Thomas Murray MacRobert, Rober Alexander Houstoun 。 19371940 年 John Walton 担任爱丁堡皇家科学院副院长。 John Walton 以研究晚古生代植物化石而著名， 他对古植物学研究的最杰出贡献是他 首创的撕片法（ cellulose acetate peel）。1940年， John Walton 出版了一本古植物学教科书 -- An Introduction to the Study of Fossil Plants ， 1953 年该书发行第 2 版。 John Walton 为英国及其它国家或地区的古植物学发展培养了一些后续人才。 John Walton 的学术交流很广泛，他与中国同行也有学术交流，但需要认真考证。有一种说法，中国古植物学家徐仁先生（ 1910--1992 ）原计划赴 Glasgow 大学跟随 John Walton 专攻古植物学，但因战争等客观原因未成行。 1944 年，徐仁先生离开西南联大，赴印度 Lucknow 大学植物系跟随 Birbal Sahni （ 1891--1949 ）教授学习古植物学。 Birbal Sahni 也是 Sir Albert Charles Seward 教授 (1863--1941)的学生。 相关文献： 《古植物学的故事》（85） 英国的植物学Regius教授席位与两位古植物学家 http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=397837 发表于 2010-12-27 2:36:13 古植物学的故事（41）： 关于著名古植物学家徐仁先生学术历史研究的若干问题 http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=330892 发表于 2010-6-1 11:39:09 孙启高 2010 年 12 月 30 日星期四 ------------------------ 附件1 美国古植物学家Charles B. Beck撰写的 John Walton 教授生平 Dr. John Walton, 1895-1971 http://www.botany.org/plantsciencebulletin/psb-1971-17-2.php PLANT SCIENCE BULLETIN A Publication of the Botanical Society of America, Inc. June 1971 Vol. 17 No. 2 ,P.19 John Walton, regius professor of botany at the University of Glasgow from 1930 until 1962, died on February 13th in Dundee, Scotland. A Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and a Corresponding Member of the Botanical Society of America, Professor Walton was internationally famous for his studies of Paleozoic plants. His influence has been felt, knowingly or unknowingly, by every palaeobotanist who ever made a cellulose acetate peel or a transfer preparation of a fossil specimen because he originated both of these basic and indispensible techniques. Indeed, progress in the field of palaeobotanv has been so greatly facilitated by their universal application that, without any discredit to his important botanical contributions. They can be considered Professor Walton's most significant contributions to science. Professor Walton was horn in London, and educated at Edinburgh and Cambridge. In 1921 he was botanist with the first Oxford expedition to Spitzbergen. Following his retirement he was given the honorary appointment, Dean of Faculties, by the University of Glasgow. He received Doctor of Science degrees from Cambridge and Manchester, honorary Doctor of Science degrees from Montpellier and Lille, and an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from McMaster. In addition to his interests in morphology and palaeobotany he had a deep concern for nature and its conservation. This interest, which persisted throughout his life-time, is reflected in certain positions he held. He was President of the Glasgow Tree Lover's Association and the Scottish Youth Hostels Association, a forestry commissioner, and a member of the Scottish Committee of the Nature Conservancy. His interests also encompassed the fine arts, and he served as honorary curator of the University of Glasgow's art collections. Professor Walton visited North America on several occasions, and will be remembered personally by his many American and Canadian friends amongst whom are several who studied under him as exchange students or post-doctoral fellows. Charles B. Beck ---------------------- 附件2 英国 Glasgow 大学的公开资料 -- Biography of John Walton http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH1430type=P John Walton, Botanist Born 1895, London, England. Died 13 February 1971. University Link: Dean of Faculties, Professor Occupation categories: botanists John Walton (1895-1971) was Regius Professor of Botany at the University from 1930 to 1962 and Dean of Faculties, 1967 to 1970. He was an honorary curator of the University's collections of Fine Art. Born in London, Walton was the son of the Scottish artist E A Walton. Walton was educated at Daniel Stewart's College, Edinburgh and St John's College, Cambridge. His Cambridge studies were interrupted by the First World War, during which he served in the Friends' Relief and Ambulance Services. He became a demonstrator at Cambridge and a lecturer at the University of Manchester, and was briefly Professor of Botany at Birmingham before his appointment to the Glasgow chair in 1930. His studies of Palaeozoic floras brought him international recognition. Walton was a president of the Scottish Youth Hostels' Association and of the Glasgow Tree Lovers' Association as well as a Forestry Commissioner. He was Governor of the West of Scotland College of Agriculture from 1930 to 1952. He was an honorary Doctor of Laws of McMaster University, Ontario and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. ------------------- 附件3 Albert Charles Seward 与John Walton合作的文章摘要 On a Collection of Fossil Plants from the Falkland Islands http://jgslegacy.lyellcollection.org/cgi/content/abstract/79/1-4/313 Prof. Albert Charles Seward, Sc.D., Pres.G.S., F.R.S. John Walton, M.A. In May, 1922, I received from Dr. H. A. Baker, F.G.S., a collectionof Permo-Carboniferous plants from the Falkland Islands which,with the consent of the Colonial Office, was entrusted to mefor examination and description. At a later date additionalspecimens were received, some of which, although unfortunatelytoo imperfectly preserved to be determined, were from rocksclassed as Devono-Carboniferous. The Permo-Carboniferous materialwas collected on George Island and Speedwell Island off thesouthern extremity of East Falkland, also at North Arm, Bayof Harbours, near the southern extremity of East Falkland; whileothers were found at Cygnet Harbour and Egg Harbour on the westerncoast of Lafonia (the southern peninsula of East Falkland),and at Dos Lomas on the north-western coast. In the examination of the fossils I have been assisted by Mr.John Walton, of St. John's College, Cambridge, who is responsiblefor the description and determination of the fossil wood. Subsequent to Charles Darwin's visits to the Falkland Islandslittle attention was paid to their geology, until the Archipelagowas visited in 19011902 by Prof. J. G. Andersson andother members of the Swedish South Polar Expedition. The resultsthen obtained were considerably extended by a second SwedishExpedition in 19071908, under the direction of Dr. C.Skottes-berg. Dr. T. G. Halle , of Stockholm, who was a memberof that expedition, contributed to the Bulletin of the GeologicalInstitute of the University of Uppsala, in 1911, a very valuableaccount of the geological structure and ...
《古植物学的故事》（88） 英国古植物学的传承(3): 名师T. M. Harris教授 孙启高 2010年12月29日星期三 著名古植物学家ThomasMaxwell Harris教授( 1903---1983)是古植物学大师Sir Albert Charles Seward (1863--1941) 的一位学生。19351968年，T. M. Harris担任英国雷丁大学(The University of Reading)植物学教授。1948年T. M. Harris当选为英国皇家学会院士 （ FRS ）。 1964 年 T. M. Harris当选为瑞典皇家科学院外籍院士 。 一、学术贡献 T. M. Harris教授流传后世的不朽著作为《（英格兰东北部）约克郡侏罗纪植物群》（ The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora ，共5卷）： Harris, T.M., 1961. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora I. Thallophyta-Pteridophyta . British Museum (Natural History), London. Harris, T.M., 1964. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora II. Caytoniales, Cycadales and Pteridosperms . British Museum (Natural History), London. Harris, T.M., 1969. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora III. Bennettitales . British Museum (Natural History), London. Harris, T.M., Millington W. Miller J., 1974. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora IV 1. Ginkgoales , 2. Czekanowskiales . British Museum (Natural History), London. Harris T.M., 1979. The Yorkshire Jurassic Flora V. Coniferales . British Museum (Natural History), London. 二、培养人才与学术踪影 T. M. Harris训练和培养了许多学生，如：Mabel Winifred Kendall (1920--2004)、William G. Chaloner (1928--)、Shya Chitaley和Joan Watson等。 1983年5月1日T. M. Harris逝世。同年7月《国际古植物学协会通讯》（第21期）第213页(IOP Newsletter No.21, pp.213, July 1983)刊发了一组追思性的短文，T. M. Harris的学生、同事及友人怀念古植物学的一代名师。 雷丁大学将位于 Whiteknights Campus 的植物园命名为The Harris Garden。William G. Chaloner教授曾带我参观过这个植物园。 有一年夏天，我曾跟随William G. Chaloner教授及其学生和同事到英格兰东北部约克郡的海滨小镇---Scarborough进行野外采集。美丽的Scarborough 让人情不自禁地想起Sarah Brightman演唱的、那首永远流传的经典老歌Scarborough Fair。不过，我们到Scarborough的目的不是听歌，而是到海边的侏罗纪地层采集化石。这个化石点曾是T. M. Harris教授工作过的一个天然实验室。我们在这里采集了很多银杏化石，主要是 Ginkgo huttonii 这个种。 三、与中国的联系 应英国皇家学会的请求，W. G. Chaloner教授于1985年为他的老师T.M. Harris教授撰写了一篇长篇回忆录。Chaloner教授送我一份该回忆录的复印件，我很仔细地阅读了这份历史文献。我非常关心T.M. Harris与中国学者的交往。 根据W. G. Chaloner教授提供的历史文献，T.M. Harris教授一生中共5次访问印度。1949年12月至1950年1月，T.M. Harris作为学术顾问第一次访问成立不久的印度Birbal Sahni古植物学研究所。当时，中国古植物学家徐仁先生（19101992年）正在该所工作。我想，这可能是T.M. Harris教授与徐仁先生初次见面。 在1949年之前，T.M. Harris教授可能见过中国古植物学家斯行健先生（1901--1964）。斯行健先生于1928--1931年在德国柏林大学攻读古植物学博士学位。在留学期间，斯行健先生于1930年与他的导师W. Gothan (18791954)一起到英国剑桥大学参加第5届国际植物学大会。 1950年夏，徐仁先生从印度赴瑞典斯德哥尔摩参加第7届国际植物学大会。会后，徐仁先生第一次访问英国。30年后的夏天，徐仁先生第2次访问英国。1980年夏，徐仁先生率领中国古孢粉学代表团（共7名成员）到剑桥大学参加了第5届国际古孢粉学大会。之后他们赴雷丁大学参加第1届国际古植物学大会。中国著名古植物学家李星学先生（1917--2010）也参加了第1届国际古植物学大会。 这些学术交流活动为 T.M. Harris 教授与中国同行之间提供了重要的交流机会。 有一年在我访问英国期间，W. G. Chaloner跟我谈起中国著名古植物学家周志炎先生（现为中国科学院院士，1934--）曾跟随T.M. Harris教授从事研究工作。1968年，T.M. Harris教授从雷丁大学植物系退休后，他一直在该校地质系发挥余热。周志炎先生是银杏植物化石研究的著名学者，他于1980--1982年在英国雷丁大学等学术机构进修。 ------------------------- 有关资料： http://rsbm.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/31/228.citation W. G. Chaloner Thomas Maxwell Harris. 8 January 1903-1 May 1983 Biogr. Mems Fell. R. Soc. November 1, 1985 31:228-260; doi:10.1098/rsbm.1985.0009 ------------------ Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 1985 The Royal Society Thomas Maxwell Harris. 8 January 1903-1 May 1983 by WG Chaloner - 1985 - Related articles www.jstor.org/stable/769926 - Similar -------------------------- Thomas Maxwell Harris(1903--1983) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Maxwell_Harris Thomas Maxwell Harris (born January 8, 1903; died 1983) was a British botanist. He received his doctorate from the University of Cambridge and was a member of the Royal Society . He served as President of the Linnean Society of London from 1961 to 1964. Partial bibliography The Fossil Flora of Scoresby Sound East Greenland ( Copenhagen , 1931). The British Rhaetic Flora ( London , 1938). British Purbeck Charophyta (London, 1939). Liassic and Rhaetic Plants collected in 1936-38 from East Greenland, etc. (Copenhagen, 1946). Conifers of the Taxiodiace from the Wealden Formation of Belgium, etc. ( Brussels , 1953). The Yorkshire Jurassic flora (five volumes, London, 19611979). Awards 1968 Linnean Medal ----------------------------------- Tom Harris (botanist) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Harris_(botanist) Professor Tom Harris was a distinguished paleobotanist and keen gardener . Tom Harris was an academic at the University of Reading who was Head of the Department of Botany . Harris supervised William Chaloner (botanist) , later a botany professor. Tom Harris would say to students: If you're not prepared to die for botany, you'd better be prepared to kill for it! The Harris Garden , located on the University of Reading's Whiteknights Campus , was named after him. References ^ a b J. B. Riding (interviewer), Interview with Professor William G. (Bill) Chaloner , at University College London , AASP Oral History Project, The Palynological Society , 16 December 2002. ^ The Harris Garden Description . Friends of the Harris Garden.
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