语言认知的一系列研究论文 2018-10-28 05:15 0. 怎样化解歧义 1.如何进行知识模块精加工 2.运用两种形式化策略消除诗歌文本中的歧义 3.论国际交流活动中的双语认知 4.三组连接的语言理解：管理创新动力机制与智能驱动环境 5.程序设计语言与自然语言的认知特征比较 6.界面语言和用户语言的认知特征比较 7.厌倦学习几何学生的认知特征分析 8.人类智能艺术与人工智能技术比较：人工智能视觉艺术研究 Understanding: How to Resolve Ambiguity in Intelligence Science I https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-68121-4 1.How to Do Knowledge Module Finishing 2.Using Two Formal Strategies to Eliminate Ambiguity in Poetry Text 3.Discussion on Bilingual Cognition in International Exchange Activities 4.Language Understanding of the Three Groups of Connections: Management Innovation Dynamic Mechanism and Intelligent Driving Environment 5.The Cognitive Features of Programming Language and Natural Language 6.The Cognitive Features of Interface Language and User Language 7.Cognitive Features of Students Who Are Tired of Learning Geometry 8.The Art of Human Intelligence and the Technology of Artificial Intelligence: Artificial Intelligence Visual Art Research in Intelligence Science II https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-01313-4
Important Dates Paper submission deadline ------- ----------------- -Sep. 20, 2018 Notification of acceptance--------------------------Oct.5,2018 Camera-ready copy and author registration ------- -- Oct . 10, 2018 http://csip2018.csp.escience.cn/dct/page/65541 Original papers are invited from multidisciplinary perspectives on subject areas including, but not limited to Cognitive Systems Information Processing Cognitive Sciences and Technology Intelligent InformationProcessing Cognitive Computing Model Multi-Modal InformationFusion Visual Cognition and Computation Cross-ModalTransferandLearning Auditory Cognitive Processing IntelligentSituationAwareness Haptic Cognitive Processing Active Perception Cognitive Psychology End-to-End Learning Cognitive Robotics ReinforcementLearning Cognitive Radars Imitation Learning Cognitive Radio Brain-Computer-Interactions Inaddition, ICCSIP 2018 Program Committees solicit proposals for special sessionswithin the technical scopes of the conference. Special sessions, to be organizedby internationally recognized experts, aim to bring together researchers inspecial focused topics. Papers submitted for special sessions are to bepeer-reviewed with the same criteria used for the contributed papers. Researchersinterested in organizing special sessions are invited to submit formal proposalsto ICCSIP 2018. A special session proposal should include the session title, abrief description of the scope and motivation, names, contact information andbrief biographical information on the organizers. Papers presented at ICCSIP 2018 will be published in Communications in Computer and Information Science ( CCIS ) with Springer and will be EI-indexed. Some selected top papers will be included in special issues of several SCI-indexed journals. http://csip2018.csp.escience.cn/dct/page/70005
这些零星的研发笔记显得如此枯燥，涉及的是语言海洋的一片浪花而已。然而，所谓电脑的自然语言理解（NLU）的背后，往往就有这样的语言狂人，一辈子就琢磨这些现象并为寻求“机械”对策而乐此不疲。等到这些零星知识及其机械对策集腋成裘，转化为电脑可以执行的算法而造就出自然语言分析的自动机的时候，又一个AI神话就出现了。一切的AI神话都没有灵性，有的不过是把复杂问题层层分解的路数，内行看汗水，外行看光环，历来如此。人工智能，没有人工，便没有“智能”，皮之不存，毛将焉附。 在科学和IT领域，不乏大佬为人类着急，所谓机器人自主思考、语言交流、统治世界、毁灭人类等危言耸听，甚嚣尘上。先天下之忧而忧的精英与嗷嗷待哺的愚民成为绝配，一个愿打，一个愿挨，构成一道奇特的风景线。如今，alpha-go 赢了人类围棋，人工智能益发被媒体渲染得沸沸扬扬。这里有多少人有兴趣、能力和耐心去以常人能懂的方式去做真正的人工智能的科普，又有多少人有兴趣、能力和耐心去了解所谓机器智能背后的一点儿也不性感的“诀窍”呢？ 说点汉语语言学吧，没这个语言学帮助解析，机器怎么可能“理解”汉语呢？ 汉语碎片一：“ 若价格在五十元左右还可以接受^^ ” 什么可以接受？ 条件子句本来是做主句状语的，但这里做了主语，没有这个“若” 字也可以，那就成了一个常规的主语子句。直译成英语，条件子句绝对不可以做主语的： *** if it is within the price range of 50 yuan is acceptable 常规主语子句在英语有对应说法，由 that 引导名词性子句做主语： That it is within the price range of 50 yuan is acceptable 问题是：汉语多出来的这个“若”是怎么回事呢？ 再看： 若价格在五十元左右还可以接受，那么什么价格不能接受呢？ 可见，这个条件子句可以是结构歧义的，这时候“若”字就是地道的主从连词了。涉及的句型应该是： 若-Clause ，那么 MainClause SubjClause + Pred 汉语碎片二： 同胞说话都是这样断断续续么？今天遇到的是这个句子： 第一次网购这样的大件物品, 以后就有信心了 . 第一个VP与第二个谓语VP啥关系？谁有信心可以不追究了，应该是“我”，不排除是你，或者泛泛而指。第一个VP背后的意思大概是下述这样的么，如果补全的话？ 【我】第一次网购这样的大件物品【因此免不了出偏差】, 以后【我】就有信心【网购大件物品而不出差错】了。 形式裸奔也便罢了，内容省略居然可以达到如此地步！ -- 我们人是怎么理解的？ 百度翻译： For the first time such a large online shopping items, after the confidence. 谷歌翻译：The first big-ticket items such as online shopping, there is confidence in the future. 人工直译：first time online shop such a big item, in future will have confidence. 人工理解了再译大概是: It was my first time of buying such a big item online, I will have more confidence in such things in future. 白: 第一次网购那个例子，我有不同的解读：潜台词不是“难免有差错”，而是“风险较大心里没底”。“难免有差错”似乎差错是“已然”了似的，但从字面看不出“已然”的意思。 我: 是是。 那就不是: It was my first time of buying such a big item online, I will have more confidence in such things in future. 而是 This will be my first time of buying such a big item online, (I am not sure I can do it well, but) I will have more confidence in future. 我实际的问题是，此类句子似乎汉语特别多见，模模糊糊，有话不说清楚，需要人去琢磨才能厘清。汉语NLP研发中经常见到这些让人哭笑不得的句子，可读上去大多很顺，国人可不就这么说话的嘛。谁会为了照顾我们机器NLU，就把话刻意说清楚呢？ 伟大的中文，I 服了 U，这辈子奏跟丫拼了，偶。 【相关】 泥沙龙笔记：汉语牛逼，国人任性！ 泥沙龙笔记：汉语就是一种“裸奔” 的语言 【泥沙龙笔记：从机器战胜人类围棋谈开去】 【新智元笔记：反伊莉莎效应，人工智能的新概念】 《立委随笔：人工“智能”》 【置顶：立委科学网博客NLP博文一览（定期更新版）】
前天课后，有学生拿一张纸条问我，让我帮忙解释这两句话： 1) Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose. 2) If you're looking for my husband, he's gone fishing ， just walk down to the bridge until you find a pole with a worm on each side. 关于第一句，我记得是美国一作家的名言。 搜索一下，结果如下： The sentence "Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose." was written by Gertrude Stein as part of the 1913 poem Sacred Emily, which appeared in the 1922 book Geography and Plays. In that poem, the first "Rose" is the name of a person. Stein later used variations on the sentence in other writings, and "A rose is a rose is a rose" is probably her most famous quotation, often interpreted as meaning "things are what they are," a statement of the law of identity, "A is A". In Stein's view, the sentence expresses the fact that simply using the name of a thing already invokes the imagery and emotions associated with it. As the quotation diffused through her own writing, and the culture at large, Stein once remarked "Now listen! I’m no fool. I know that in daily life we don't go around saying 'is a ... is a ... is a ...' Yes, I’m no fool; but I think that in that line the rose is red for the first time in English poetry for a hundred years." (Four in America) Gertrude Stein's repetitive language can be said to refer to the changing quality of language in time and history. She herself said to an audience at Oxford University that the statement referred to the fact that when the Romantics used the word "rose" it had a direct relationship to an actual rose. For later periods in literature this would no longer be true. The eras following romanticism, notably the modern era, use the word rose to refer to the actual rose, yet they also imply, through the use of the word, the archetypical elements of the romantic era. It also follows the rhetoric law of thricefold repetition to emphasize a point, as can be seen in speeches dating back to the sophists. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_is_a_rose_is_a_rose_is_a_rose The line is from Gertrude Stein's poem Sacred Emily, written in 1913 and published in 1922, in Geography and Plays. The verbatim line is actually, 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose': Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose Loveliness extreme. Extra gaiters, Loveliness extreme. Sweetest ice-cream. Pages ages page ages page ages. When asked what she meant by the line, Stein said that in the time of Homer, or of Chaucer, "the poet could use the name of the thing and the thing was really there." As memory took it over, the thing lost its identity, and she was trying to recover that - "I think in that line the rose is red for the first time in English poetry for a hundred years." Stein was certainly fond of the line and used variants of it in several of her works: - Do we suppose that all she knows is that a rose is a rose is a rose is a rose. (Operas and Plays) - ... she would carve on the tree Rose is a Rose is a Rose is a Rose is a Rose until it went all the way around. (The World is Round) - A rose tree may be a rose tree may be a rosy rose tree if watered. (Alphabets and Birthdays) - Indeed a rose is a rose makes a pretty plate. (Stanzas in Meditation) The meaning most often attributed to this is the notion that when all is said and done, a thing is what it is. This is in similar vein to Shakespeare's ' a rose by any other name would smell as sweet '. 斯泰因做为一位先锋派小说家，在文学创作中大量运用重复的手段来强调她的 “ 持续现在时 ” 。她在《有用的知识》（ Useful Knowledge ）一文中作了这样奇特的论述： “ 一加一加一加一加一 ……” 她继续这样数下去，一直达到一百。她认为这才是 “ 一百 ” 的真实涵义，每个 “ 一 ” 都是完整的独立存在。她的名言是： “ 玫瑰是一朵玫瑰是一朵玫瑰是一朵玫瑰。 ” （ Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose. ）理解这句话如同观看一条电影胶片，片中的一系列画格中的图像几乎完全一样，然而每个画格都表达一个独立瞬间的图像，读者看到的是一个瞬间接着一个瞬间的画面的组合。 女作家用这样的文字，阐释了“白马非马，玫瑰是玫瑰”这样一个简单的命题。 玩文字游戏，这恐怕也算是高手了。 第二句，我认为也是在玩文字游戏，其中有几个词是多义的，如 pole ， worm 等。 不同的理解，就有不同的阐释方式。 有趣。
标签: 语言理解
