摘 要 人工鱼礁是放置于海底以影响海洋生物资源的物理、生物或社会经济过程的人工设施。科学评价人工鱼礁对渔业资源生态容纳量的改善程度对揭示鱼礁的生态功能和指导鱼礁后续建设具有重要的理论与现实意义。人工鱼礁区鱼类和大型无脊椎动物可分为 3 种类型（即 I 型、Ⅱ型和Ⅲ 型），其中Ⅱ型鱼类和大型无脊椎动物身体不接触鱼礁，但在鱼礁周围游泳和在海底栖息。该种生物学资料可通过拖网调查取样获得。根据 2004 年 10 月至 2007 年 9 月浙江嵊泗人工鱼礁海域渔业资源拖网调查数据，建立了用以模拟礁区渔业资密度随时间变化趋势的 logistic 模型，并据此求解了鱼礁海域资源数量容纳量模型。通过遗传算法求得了 logistic 模型的参数。结果表明人工鱼礁区 II 型鱼类和大型无脊椎动物的 原有生态容纳量约为 6.00 ～ 8.03 ind·(km·kw) -1 ， 鱼礁投放所产生的新生态容纳量约为 4.40 ～ 5.89 ind·(km·kw) -1 ，容纳量随季节变化而呈周期性波动。 ABSTRACT An artificial reef is one or more objects of natural or human origin deployed purposefully on the seafloor to influence physical, biological, or socioeconomic processes related to living marine resources, which is applied to improving marine entironment and protecting fishery resources. Large numbers of artificial reef projects have been developing in China from the beginning of 21 st century, so as to restore marine habitat. It is realistically very important to the future construction of the artificial reefs that the fishery resources enhancement impact of the artificial reef can be scientifically and roundly evaluated. There are 3 species of fish and macroinvertebrate(i.e. Type I, Ⅱ and III ) in artificial reef area.Type Ⅱ inhabitats surrounding and doesnot contact artificial reef, whose biological data can be obtained by using trawl. Based on the investigated data of fishery resources in artificial reef area of Shengsi in Zhejiang province, the density of fishery resource is analyzed, and the variational tendency of the density of fishery resource is simulated by using improved Logistic’s model. The parameters of the model are caculated via Genetic Algorithm method. The result indicates that the original ecology carrying capacity approximately is 6.00~8.03 ind·(km·kw) –1 , and the enlarged carrying capacity is approximately 4.4~5.89 ind·(km·kw) -1 on type Ⅱ fish and macro-invertebrate in artificial reef area. The carrying capacity has periodically fluctuated along with the seasonal variation. Therefore the carrying capacity of fishery resource has been elevated because of the deploy of the artificial reefs. 发表于《渔业科学进展》2011年05期
摘要：人工鱼礁是放置于海底以影响海洋生物资源的物理、生物或社会经济过程的人工设施,具有修复生态环境、保护渔业资源的功能。21世纪以来我国东海区开展了较大规模人工鱼礁建设,用以改善渔业资源严重衰退的局面。科学地评价人工鱼礁建设的经济效果,对指导今后建设具有重要现实意义。本文根据东海区建设规模超过5×104空m3、建成时间大于2年、礁体结构为具有代表性的钢筋混凝土和旧船改造、并且有跟踪调查记录的4个有代表性的资源保护型人工鱼礁项目的调查资料,选取净现值(NPV)、动态投资回收期(DPP)、内部收益率(IRR)和益本比(BCR)等作为评价指标,运用模糊数学法建立了相应的模糊隶属函数,运用熵权法确定了评价指标权重,计算了经济效果评价值。结果表明,评价结果与实际调研结果吻合,评价方法可以作为东海区相近海况的同类型鱼礁经济效果评价的参考依据。 Abstract ： An artificial reef is one or more objects of natural or human origin deployed purposefully on the seafloor to influence physical, biological, or socioeconomic processes related to living marine resources, which is applied to improving marine entironment and protecting fishery resources. Large numbers of artificial reef projects have been developing in the East China Sea from the beginning of 21 st century, so as to restore and enhance fishery resources. It is realistically very important to the future construction of the artificial reefs that the economic impact of the artificial reef can be scientifically evaluated. On the basis of socioeconomic investigative data of 4 artificial reef projects in the East China Sea which had been deployed purposefully for fishery resources conservation. whose condition are as follows: (1)the dimensions are over 5 × 10 4 Void m 3 ; (2)finishing time is over 2 years; (3)the type of the materials are ferroconcrete and discarded boat; and (4)which have followed investigated data . Refered to other projects, based on the attributes of artificial reefs, four dynamic evaluated indexes are selected, namely, Net Present Value (abbr. NPV), Dynamic Payback Period(abbr. DPP), Inner Rate of Return (abbr. IRR) and Benefit-Cost Ratio(abbr. BCR). The fuzzy membership functions of the evaluated indexes on the artificial reef are evaluated. The weight of the evaluated indexes is evaluated by using entropy method in succession. Finally synthetical evaluation values of economic impact on the artificial reef are calculated. The result indicates that the calculated outcome of the evaluated methods is good in agreement with the fact of socioeconomic investigative of these artificial reefs, which can be applied to economic impact evaluation of the similar kind of the artificial reef. 发表于《资源科学》2009年第12期
标签: 人工鱼礁
