随着炎热毕业季的降临，不得不离开美丽的校园，眷恋是多余的，从此分道扬镳！自从你走后，无情的泪水瀑布般落入那伤痛了一夜又一夜的心扉，任凭万般呼唤，一切早已离去。泪水的滴答声唤醒了沉睡中的我，以鼓励夭折堕落，谢谢泪水让我无所畏惧！千里之外的你要融入当地的气息，平息我心中翩翩担忧！ 每每想起留恋的人，心中总会激起朵朵澎湃的浪花，又何止一次默默告诉自己要勇敢地生活下去！观看影片《 October Shy 》（十月的天空）之后，心早已感触深刻！主人公为梦想执着奋斗的经历让我难以忘怀，在忍受极大的磨难，在别人嘲笑、讽刺的氛围下，模型被偷后，他仍没有放弃梦想，真是顶级无名英雄，真是太棒了！功夫不负有心人，他夺得了火箭模型大赛的胜利，偶然的机遇被美国著名大学录取，经过很多年后不懈努力，最终成为了美国航空航天局的火箭方面的重量级人物！ 本片根据美国太空总署首席科学家席候麦故事改编，叙述了他一生不屈不挠的研究精神，以及与科学为伍的传奇之路！ 也许，席候麦的奋斗精神值得年轻的我们去学习，可是尤其处在迷茫之中的那些人们。有时候，不必在意别人对我们的看法，只为心中那一个梦。没有什么能够动摇生活着的根基—信念，即完全能够征服破坏幸福、安宁的思想敌人，也不要让任何事情动摇与生俱来就以舒适、安逸生活的这一信念， “小睡片刻”后就要重整旗鼓！ 人的一生就是奋斗的一生，就是积极进取，勇于开拓未来，要坚信胜利是属于自己的，任何一种违背自我形象的成功都是失败的！如果要使生命具有某种“神奇”的特殊意义，就要超越众人去做高尚的事情，无论花费多少时间，无论邂逅多少障碍，决不能放弃成功的希望与信念！ Classical is something not fade, but moreprecious with time pass by, so is dream! （随着时间的流逝，梦想不会褪去色彩反而更加珍贵）
本周五，一颗流星划过天空，在俄罗斯乌拉尔山区发生爆炸。爆炸释放的能量相当于一颗原子弹， 声波击碎了周围居民区难以计数的窗户。据统计， 有超过1100人在爆炸中受伤。请看CBC的详细报道。 http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2013/02/15/russia-meteorite.html Exploding meteor over Russia injures more than 1,100 A meteor streaked through the sky and exploded Friday over Russia's Ural Mountains with the power of an atomic bomb, its sonic blasts shattering countless windows and injuring about 1,100 people. While NASA estimated the meteor was only about the size of a bus and weighed about 7,000 tonnes, the fireball it produced was dramatic. Video shot by startled residents of the city of Chelyabinsk showed its streaming contrails arcing toward the horizon just after sunrise, looking like something from a world-ending science-fiction movie. It came hours before a 130,000-tonne asteroid passed within about 28,000 kilometres of Earth . The European Space Agency said its experts had determined there was no connection between the asteroid and the Russian meteor — just cosmic coincidence. The spectacle deeply frightened many Russians, with some elderly women declaring that the world was coming to an end. Many of the injured were cut by flying glass as they flocked to windows to see what the source was for such an intense flash of light. The meteor — estimated to be about 9 tonnes — entered the Earth's atmosphere at a hypersonic speed of at least 54,000 km/h and shattered about 30 to 50 kilometres above the ground, the Russian Academy of Sciences said in a statement. It released the energy of several kilotons above the Chelyabinsk region, the academy said. NASA scientists have also determined that the Russia meteor is not related to 2012 DA14. Richard Binzel, a professor of Planetary Science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said the meteor was probably about two metres across, or the size of an SUV. Amateur video broadcast on Russian television showed an object speeding across the sky about 9:20 a.m. local time, just after sunrise, leaving a thick white contrail and an intense flash. "There was panic. People had no idea what was happening. Everyone was going around to people's houses to check if they were OK," said Sergey Hametov, a resident of Chelyabinsk, a city of 1 million about 1,500 kilometres east of Moscow. "We saw a big burst of light, then went outside to see what it was and we heard a really loud thundering sound," he told The Associated Press by telephone. Saskatoon native Michael Garnett, a goaltender for Traktor Chelyabinsk in the Kontinental Hockey League, told CBC News he was terrified by the noise, which was so loud he was convinced something had happened right next to his building. "I thought for sure there was an explosion, and then I thought it might have been a natural gas leak or it could have been a bomb or a missile or a plane crash," he said. Another Chelyabinsk resident, Alexander Yakovets, told CBC News he was woken in his eighth-floor apartment by a "really horrible sound" that he first thought might have been a terrorist attack or a military exercise. He said he saw a very bright light and heard multiple explosions. "For a couple of minutes, I thought was going to fall down," he said. The explosions broke an estimated 100,000 square metres of glass, city officials said. The Interior Ministry said about 1,100 people sought medical care after the shock wave and 48 were hospitalized. Most of the injuries were caused by flying glass, officials said. Emergency Situations Ministry spokesman Vladimir Purgin said many of the injured were cut as they flocked to windows to see what caused the intense flash of light, which momentarily was brighter than the sun. There was no immediate word on any deaths or anyone struck by space fragments. President Vladimir Putin summoned the nation's emergencies minister and ordered immediate repairs. "We need to think how to help the people and do it immediately," he said. Some meteorite fragments fell in a reservoir outside the town of Chebarkul, the regional Interior Ministry office said. The crash left an eight-metre crater in the ice. Lessons had just started at Chelyabinsk schools when the meteor exploded, and officials said 258 children were among those injured. Amateur video showed a teacher speaking to her class as a powerful shock wave hit the room. Yekaterina Melikhova, a high school student whose nose was bloody and whose upper lip was covered with a bandage, said she was in her geography class when a bright light flashed outside. "After the flash, nothing happened for about three minutes. Then we rushed outdoors. ... The door was made of glass, a shock wave made it hit us," she said. Injuries on this scale extremely rare City officials said 3,000 buildings in the city were damaged by the shock wave, including a zinc factory where part of the roof collapsed. The vast implosion of glass windows exposed many residents to the bitter cold as temperatures in the city hovered around – 9 C. The regional governor immediately urged any workers who can pane windows to rush to the area to help out. Some fragments fell in a reservoir outside the town of Cherbakul, the regional governor's office said, according to the ITAR-Tass. A six-metre-wide crater was found in the same area, which could come from space fragments striking the ground, the news agency cited military spokesman Yaroslavl Roshchupkin as saying. Reports conflicted on what exactly happened in the clear skies. A spokeswoman for the Emergency Ministry, Irina Rossius, told the AP there was a meteor shower, but another ministry spokeswoman, Elena Smirnikh, was quoted by the Interfax news agency as saying it was a single meteor. 'A shooting gallery' Meteors typically cause sizeable sonic booms when they enter the atmosphere because they are travelling much faster than the speed of sound. Injuries on the scale reported Friday, however, are extraordinarily rare. Russian news reports noted that the meteor hit less than a day before the asteroid 2012 DA14 is to make the closest recorded pass of an asteroid — about 28,000 kilometres. CBC reporter Bob McDonald said the asteroid is coming from a different direction than the Russia meteor. "We do live in a shooting gallery," McDonald said. "It's one of the hazards of living in a dirty solar system." McDonald explained that when the space rock "hits the air, it comes to a screeching halt, and the pressure of the air and the heat on the front side of it, compared to the back side, causes the whole thing to collapse in on itself, and it does that so quickly that there's just this massive air burst explosion." McDonald said the tiny pieces that do make it to the ground will be picked up by people so scientists can determine the exact makeup of the meteorites. Donald Yeomans, manager of U.S. Near Earth Object Program in California, said it is far too early to provide estimates of the energy released or provide a reliable estimate of the original size. The site of Friday's spectacular show is about 5,000 kilometres west of Tunguska, which in 1908 was the site of the largest recorded explosion of a space object plunging to Earth . That blast, attributed to a comet or asteroid fragment, is generally estimated to have been about 10 megatons; it levelled some 80 million trees. Russian politicians react The dramatic events prompted an array of reactions from prominent Russians. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, speaking at an economic forum in the Siberian city of Krasnoyarsk, said the meteor could be a symbol for the forum, showing that "not only the economy is vulnerable, but the whole planet." Vladimir Zhirinovsky, a nationalist leader noted for vehement statements, said "It's not meteors falling. It's the test of a new weapon by the Americans," the RIA Novosti news agency reported. Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin said the incident showed the need for leading world powers to develop a system to intercept objects falling from space. "At the moment, neither we nor the Americans have such technologies" to shoot down meteors or asteroids, he said, according to the Interfax news agency.
有那样一片天空 鲍海飞 译 2011-11-29 There is another sky EmilyDickinson There is another sky, 有那样一片天空， Ever serene and fair, 一直晴朗而美丽， And there is another sunshine, 有那样一片阳光， Though it be darkness there; 或许那里还荫翳； Never mind faded forests, Austin, 不要介意退色的丛林，奥斯汀， Never mind silent fields - 不要介意寂静的田野， Here is a little forest, 这里有一片小小丛林， Whose leaf is ever green; 那叶儿一直郁郁葱葱； Here is a brighter garden, 这就是那明亮的花园， Where not a frost has been; 还不曾洒下一丝霜迹； In its unfading flowers 在没有退色的花丛中， I hear the bright bee hum: 我听见那鲜艳黄蜂的鸣响： Prithee, my brother, 皮力斯，我的兄弟， Into my garden come! 快到我的花园来。 从行文中可以看出，这是秋季，因为 Never mind faded forests, 不要介意退色的丛林， 因为 In its unfading flowers ， 花还没有凋谢 。但那里 可能刚刚下过雨， Though it be darkness there ， Never mind silent fields ， 而且那里静悄悄，森林里没有鸟的鸣叫；但是也许夜色即将来临， 因为温度还没有降低到结霜的程度， Where not a frost has been 。 不过，这里有一片小小的丛林， Here is a little forest, 更引人的是一只大黄蜂还在花朵上飞翔， 同时，那两声喊， 可以看出兄弟姐妹的情和意，以及激动的心情。虽然，这是一个秋季，但，显然， 这是一个美丽的季节。全文共 14 行，分前六行和后八行两段， 镜头由远而近，从天空、森林，最后聚焦到那一个干净、明快、温馨、充满生机活力的小园。 作者有强烈的对大自然的爱和对兄弟的深情。 如果没有理解错的话，上面的十四行，大致可以用四行来概括： 秋日天空别样红，葱葱绿树小园中； 黄蜂犹戏几花朵，兄弟快来月色浓。
远方天空 云层遮盖前往方向 迷失在黑暗之中 天使问我 手中紧握不放的是什麽 我说寻找梦想的灯火 有时我会失去力量 再艰难的旅途 也要骄傲的走过 眼前的世界 音乐演奏中 不停挑战我 就算曾悲伤过 我要的世界 梦想在怀中 未来呼唤我 相信我会坚强的走到最后 人生会有疲惫想放弃的时候 看不清路的尽头 天使身后 太阳照醒希望的翅膀 那是 未来伸出的双手 失去过相信的力量 再艰难的旅途 也要骄傲的走过 眼前的世界 音乐演奏中 不停挑战我 就算曾悲伤过 我要的世界 梦想在怀中 未来呼唤我 相信我会坚强的走到最后 眼前的世界 音乐演奏中 不停挑战我 就算曾悲伤过 我要的世界 梦想在怀中 未来呼唤我 相信我会坚强的走到最后 http://www.google.com/search?hl=zh-CNbiw=1366bih=655tbm=vidq=%E6%88%91%E8%A6%81%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C+%E8%90%A7%E4%BA%9A%E8%BD%A9aq=faqi=aql=oq= The World That I Want Distant sky To the direction that covered by cloud Lost in the dark Angel asked me What did you hold tightly in your hands I said that it is the light leading me to my dreams Sometimes I lose strength Even in the difficult journey I have to walk through it proudly Looking at the world Music is playing Constantly challenge me Even there was grief The world that I want Dreams are in my arms Future is calling me I believe I will be strong till the end Sometimes I feel tired and want to give up I cannot see the end of the road Behind the Angel Ths sun light up the wings of hope It is the hands of the future Had lost the power to believe Even in the difficult journey I have to walk through it proudly Looking at the world Music is playing Constantly challenge me Even there was grief The world that I want Dreams are in my arms Future is calling me I believe I will be strong till the end Even in the difficult journey I have to walk through it proudly Looking at the world Music is playing Constantly challenge me Even there was grief The world that I want Dreams are in my arms Future is calling me I believe I will be strong till the end
科学网网歌 看 那高高飘扬着的科学旗帜 是蓝天白云间的一道彩虹 热爱自由的鸟儿 纷聚在它的周围 展翅飞翔 看吧 我们精神的图腾 我们救国的理想 在华夏的天空中高高扬起 我们五千年的渴望 向科学进军 号角已经吹响 在科学旗帜的指引下 我们的追求，我们的理想 阔步迈向前方 科学雨露滋润的土地啊 万物欣欣向荣 一派祥和景象 到处高楼林立 谐和响彻城乡 二十一世纪的蓝图 人类的崇高理想 民主、平等、人权 都由我们奏响华章 向科学进军 号角已经吹响 在科学旗帜的指引下 我们的追求，我们的理想 在阔步迈向前方 前进 前进 前进 Look That the scientific banner flying high Is a rainbow between the blue sky Freedom-loving birds Fun gathered around it Hover/Soaring Look ! Our spiritual totem Our ideal national salvation Raised high inChina's sky Our five thousand year's desire March to science Bugle callsounded Under the banner of science To our pursuit of our ideals Stride into the front the land nourishing full of Scientific rain and dew All things prosperous faction and peaceful Skyscrapers around Harmonic ring from urban and rural The blueprint for the twenty-first century The noble ideals of human Democracy, equality and human rights We struck by every chapter March to science Bugle call is sounded Under the banner of science Our pursuitand our ideals On stride into the the front Advance Forward Forward by Xuefeng Pan
【注意到一个博主转载的文章， 天为什么是蓝色的一百年 http://www.sciencenet.cn/m/user_content.aspx?id=316082 ， 读完之后，让我想起另外一篇科普文章： http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/BlueSky/blue_sky.html 这个问题看似简单，其实不然。一般人都不一定能够回答正确，所以转载如下。我把标题略作了修改，在文字上加了一些格式，图像也调小了点。哪位老兄有时间翻译一下，应该是个好作品。如有版权问题需要参考上面网页。另外，下面这篇文章没有提及爱因斯坦的具体解释，即空气分子密度的涨落对阳光散射的效果。前面那篇中文博客中提及了原始文献，可惜是德文，要不可以参考一下。有趣的是网上还有人对爱老的理论有争议， http://www.physicsforums.com/archive/index.php/t-2649.html 有兴趣和精力的人可以去挖一下，看看是否有价值的内容。】 Original by Philip Gibbs ， May 1997. Why is the sky blue? A clear cloudless day-time sky is blue because molecules in the air scatter blue light from the sun more than they scatter red light . When we look towards the sun at sunset, we see red and orange colours because the blue light has been scattered out and away from the line of sight. The white light from the sun is a mixture of all colours of the rainbow. This was demonstrated by Isaac Newton , who used a prism to separate the different colours and so form a spectrum. The colours of light are distinguished by their different wavelengths. The visible part of the spectrum ranges from red light with a wavelength of about 720 nm , to violet with a wavelength of about 380 nm , with orange, yellow, green, blue and indigo between. The three different types of colour receptors in the retina of the human eye respond most strongly to red, green and blue wavelengths, giving us our colour vision. Tyndall Effect The first steps towards correctly explaining the colour of the sky were taken by John Tyndall in 1859 . He discovered that when light passes through a clear fluid holding small particles in suspension, the shorter blue wavelengths are scattered more strongly than the red . This can be demonstrated by shining a beam of white light through a tank of water with a little milk or soap mixed in. From the side, the beam can be seen by the blue light it scatters; but the light seen directly from the end is reddened after it has passed through the tank. The scattered light can also be shown to be polarised using a filter of polarised light, just as the sky appears a deeper blue through polaroid sun glasses. This is most correctly called the Tyndall effect, but it is more commonly known to physicists as Rayleigh scattering --after Lord Rayleigh , who studied it in more detail a few years later. He showed that the amount of light scattered is inversely proportional to the fourth power of wavelength for sufficiently small particles. It follows that blue light is scattered more than red light by a factor of (700/400) 4 ~= 10. Dust or Molecules? Tyndall and Rayleigh thought that the blue colour of the sky must be due to small particles of dust and droplets of water vapour in the atmosphere. Even today, people sometimes incorrectly say that this is the case. Later scientists realised that if this were true, there would be more variation of sky colour with humidity or haze conditions than was actually observed, so they supposed correctly that the molecules of oxygen and nitrogen in the air are sufficient to account for the scattering . The case was finally settled by Einstein in 1911 , who calculated the detailed formula for the scattering of light from molecules; and this was found to be in agreement with experiment. He was even able to use the calculation as a further verification of Avogadro's number when compared with observation. The molecules are able to scatter light because the electromagnetic field of the light waves induces electric dipole moments in the molecules . Why not violet? If shorter wavelengths are scattered most strongly, then there is a puzzle as to why the sky does not appear violet, the colour with the shortest visible wavelength. The spectrum of light emission from the sun is not constant at all wavelengths, and additionally is absorbed by the high atmosphere , so there is less violet in the light . Our eyes are also less sensitive to violet . That's part of the answer; yet a rainbow shows that there remains a significant amount of visible light coloured indigo and violet beyond the blue. The rest of the answer to this puzzle lies in the way our vision works . We have three types of colour receptors, or cones , in our retina . They are called red, blue and green because they respond most strongly to light at those wavelengths. As they are stimulated in different proportions, our visual system constructs the colours we see. Response curves for the three types of cone in the human eye When we look up at the sky, the red cones respond to the small amount of scattered red light, but also less strongly to orange and yellow wavelengths. The green cones respond to yellow and the more strongly scattered green and green-blue wavelengths. The blue cones are stimulated by colours near blue wavelengths, which are very strongly scattered. If there were no indigo and violet in the spectrum, the sky would appear blue with a slight green tinge. However, the most strongly scattered indigo and violet wavelengths stimulate the red cones slightly as well as the blue, which is why these colours appear blue with an added red tinge. The net effect is that the red and green cones are stimulated about equally by the light from the sky, while the blue is stimulated more strongly. This combination accounts for the pale sky blue colour. It may not be a coincidence that our vision is adjusted to see the sky as a pure hue . We have evolved to fit in with our environment; and the ability to separate natural colours most clearly is probably a survival advantage . A multicoloured sunset over the Firth of Forth in Scotland. Sunsets When the air is clear the sunset will appear yellow, because the light from the sun has passed a long distance through air and some of the blue light has been scattered away. If the air is polluted with small particles , natural or otherwise, the sunset will be more red. Sunsets over the sea may also be orange, due to salt particles in the air, which are effective Tyndall scatterers. The sky around the sun is seen reddened, as well as the light coming directly from the sun. This is because all light is scattered relatively well through small angles --but blue light is then more likely to be scattered twice or more over the greater distances, leaving the yellow, red and orange colours. A blue haze over the mountains of Les Vosges in France. Blue Haze and Blue Moon Clouds and dust haze appear white because they consist of particles larger than the wavelengths of light , which scatter all wavelengths equally ( Mie scattering ). But sometimes there might be other particles in the air that are much smaller. Some mountainous regions are famous for their blue haze. Aerosols of terpenes from the vegetation react with ozone in the atmosphere to form small particles about 200 nm across, and these particles scatter the blue light. A forest fire or volcanic eruption may occasionally fill the atmosphere with fine particles of 500--800 nm across, being the right size to scatter red light. This gives the opposite to the usual Tyndall effect, and may cause the moon to have a blue tinge since the red light has been scattered out. This is a very rare phenomenon, occurring literally once in a blue moon. Opalescence The Tyndall effect is responsible for some other blue coloration's in nature: such as blue eyes , the opalescence of some gem stones , and the colour in the blue jay's wing. The colours can vary according to the size of the scattering particles. When a fluid is near its critical temperature and pressure , tiny density fluctuations are responsible for a blue coloration known as critical opalescence. People have also copied these natural effects by making ornamental glasses impregnated with particles, to give the glass a blue sheen. But not all blue colouring in nature is caused by scattering. Light under the sea is blue because water absorbs longer wavelength of light through distances over about 20 metres. When viewed from the beach, the sea is also blue because it reflects the sky, of course. Some birds and butterflies get their blue colorations by diffraction effects. Why is the Mars sky red? Images sent back from the Viking Mars landers in 1977 and from Pathfinder in 1997 showed a red sky seen from the Martian surface. This was due to red iron-rich dusts thrown up in the dust storms occurring from time to time on Mars. The colour of the Mars sky will change according to weather conditions. It should be blue when there have been no recent storms, but it will be darker than the earth's daytime sky because of Mars' thinner atmosphere.
标签: 天空
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