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[转载]Mining threatens Chinese fossil site that revealed planet's
ericmapes 2017-4-22 10:51
MiningthreatensChinesefossilsitethatrevealedplanet'searliestanimals http://www.nature.com/news/mining-threatens-chinese-fossil-site-that-revealed-planet-s-earliest-animals-1.21869 Protestssparkedbythedestructionofthreekeyfossil-huntingareasresultinatemporaryhaltofphosphatemining. DavidCyranoski 20April2017 Articletools RightsPermissions ShuhaiXiao TinyfossilsfromtheDoushantuoFormationhavebeentoutedastheplanet'searliestanimals. PalaeontologistsarefightingtosaveasiteinChinathatcontainsfossilsofsomeoftheearliestanimalsonrecord.Thismonththeygainedatemporaryhalttothephosphateminingthathasalreadydestroyedsomefossilbeds. ThethreatenedsiteispartoftheDoushantuogeologicalformationintheWeng’anregionofGuizhouprovinceinsouthernChina.Itisrichinmineralsthatpreservesofttissuesandcellularstructuresandbecamefamousinthelate1990s,afterscientistsbeganfindingwell-preservedfossilsofspongesand embryosofotherunusualanimals ,datingtoaround600millionyearsago. Thesediscoverieschallengedthetheorythatvirtuallyallmajoranimallineagesemerged duringthe‘Cambrianexplosion’ some540millionyearsago 1 , 2 .MicroscopicfossilsassumedtobeembryosthatwereexcavatedfromDoushantuohave,morerecently,sparkeddebatesovertheoriginsofbilateralsymmetryinanimals. Relatedstories WhatsparkedtheCambrianexplosion? Enigmaticfossilsareneitheranimalsnorbacteria Scanspeerinsidefossilembryos “WemayneverfindacomparablesiteandmaylosethechancetotrulyunderstandearlyanimalevolutiononEarth,”saysDaveBottjer,apalaeobiologistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngeles,whoestimatesthatjust5%ofthesite’sfossilshavebeenrecovered.“Ifnothingisdone,itwillbeagreatloss,”hesays. OnavisittoDoushantuothismonth,palaeontologistZhuMaoyanoftheNanjingInstituteofGeologyandPaleontologywasstunnedtofindanewerfossilsite,openedin2015,completelystrippedoffossil-bearingsedimentbyphosphatemining.Thelocalethatproducedthearea’sfirstfossilshadbeendestroyedyearsago.Andathirdkeyfossil-huntingarea,whichproducedmostofthenewfossilsfoundintheformationinthepast15years,wasburiedbyalandslidethathadbeentriggeredbyminingin2014.“Itisreallyadisaster,”saysZhu. MaoyanZhu FossilbedsinsouthernChinathathaveproducedsomeoftheplanet'searliestanimalsareunderthreatfrommining. Expand PhosphateminersoperatedinDoushantuobeforethepalaeontologistsgotthereand,tosomeextent,enableddiscoveriesbychurningupfreshrocks,saysAndrewKnoll,apalaeontologistatHarvardUniversityinCambridge,Massachusetts,whoworkedthereinthe1990s.“ButifmininghasacceleratedtothepointthattheWeng’anbedswillsoonbecompletelyminedout,thebenefitsoffreshexposurearemoot.” Thepaceofmininghasincreaseddramaticallyoverthepasttwoyears,saysZhu.Overthepasttwodecades,heandothershadtriedtoconvincethelocalgovernmentthatthesitesneededprotection.ButZhusayshenowrealizesthattheseefforts,oftenhamperedbymiscommunicationandhighturnoveroflocal-governmentofficials,werenotenough. Fossilactivism Zhuandhiscolleaguesturnedtomoreforcefulaction.Heorganizedaworkshop,heldon2–3AprilinWeng’an,andinvitedscientists,includingBottjer,tomakeacaseforpreservingthesite.Thecoalitionscoredanearlyvictory.Severaldaysaftertheworkshop,local-governmentofficialsorderedahalttomininginthearea,whiletheyworkoutastrategy.Zhusaysthatmeasuresarelikelytoincludefindingothersitesformining.Hehopeseventuallytogetacentralfossil-huntingzone,1.2squarekilometresinarea,closedtomininganddesignatedanationalgeologicalpark. Asolutionthathasbeensuccessfulelsewhereistohaveminersworkintandemwithscientists,saysKnoll.“Itwouldn’tbedifficulttoemployageologisttominethemainfossiliferousbeds,whicharenotverythick,andstoresamples,possiblytonsofthem,forfutureresearch.” Butthehullaballoomighthavecreatedanotherproblem,saysShuhaiXiao,ageobiologistatVirginiaTech,inBlacksburg,whoworkedatDoushantuointhe1990s.Zhu'sappealshavedrawnattentionfromChinesemedia,raisingthesite'sprofileamongblackmarketdealers.“Sofar,thissitehasnotbeenontheradaroffossildealers,”hesays.“Butthismaychangeifthereisapublicdemandforspecimensfromthissite.” Journalname:NatureDOI:doi:10.1038/nature.2017.21869 References Xiao,S. , Zhang,Y. Knoll,A.H. Nature 391 , 553 – 558 ( 1998 ). Article ChemPort Showcontext Li,C.-W. , Chen,J.-Y. Hua,T.-E. Science 279 , 879 – 882 ( 1998 ). Article PubMed ChemPort Showcontext Relatedstoriesandlinks Fromnature.com WhatsparkedtheCambrianexplosion? 16February2016 Enigmaticfossilsareneitheranimalsnorbacteria 22December2011 Scanspeerinsidefossilembryos 09August2006 Authorinformation Authordetails DavidCyranoski DavidhadworkedinJapanforseveralyearsbeforemovingintojournalismwith Nature in2000.Hisvariedemploymenthistoryincludestranslationforasemiconductor-manufacturingequipmentcompanyandteachinghistorytoforeignexchangestudents.InadditiontocoveringtheAsian-Pacificregion,D… Readmore Searchforthisauthorin NPGjournals PubMed GoogleScholar Forthebestcommentingexperience, pleaseloginorregisterasauser andagreetoour CommunityGuidelines .Youwillbere-directedbacktothispagewhereyouwillseecommentsupdatinginreal-timeandhavetheabilitytorecommendcommentstootherusers.
个人分类: 社会热点时评|347 次阅读|0 个评论
[转载]integrity!
chnfirst 2012-8-31 10:06
http://bbs.wenxuecity.com/znjy/1674251.html 我觉得帮助子女理解亚裔为什么缺integrity和courage,对他们形成culture identity很重要 完全同意你说的两点。但我觉得传统文化也是个相当大的原因。 有些亚裔子女会看不起亚裔移民的这种行为,让他们觉得无法为自己族裔感到骄傲。但是如果能够帮助他们理解这种现象背后的原因,他们会更容易接受自己,从而得到inner peace. http://ww.xys.org/forum/db/6/193/192.html#postfp 一个美国人如何理解integrity 今天我让我们这里的一个美国人的scientist看了方先生提到的科学杂志上的英文信全文,并问他文中的integrity是以下两种意思(来自dictionary.com)的哪一个: “adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty”; “the state of being whole, entire” 他说应该是前者。 我不能据此说是方先生错了。只是想说一些人理解的和方先生理解的不一样,似乎情有可原。 http://bbs.taisha.org/viewthread.php?tid=1701376 怎么去理解"integrity”,顺带对学习英语的一点小议。 对学习英语的小议:多用维基百科或者 美国 传统英英词典或者据说非常强大的微软百科全书或者google一下。 ; S+ g+ {8 L: q, { 最近写了篇作文: Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts. ( x/ r9 }$ s8 ^. C3 R 对于这个integrity的理解。存在了很大的争议。 % \; ? W8 P; R: z+ } 我的理解是从真实性这个角度出发,因为比如说一个人如果不真实,很虚伪,那么他的人格是完整的么? L. ^' m) N6 y3 \ 但是被很多人进行学术上善意的批判,真实性并不能代表完整性。或者说这应该是两个不同的东东。 # g* n7 p7 K7 W, b! M- }, ~ 我差一点就打算重写这篇作文了。 2 l/ V0 | K( `( ]3 N* Z; i% N 今天花了一个早上的时间查阅资料。 把成果粘贴到下面。 : B# r# h9 y" Z7 d, b: S9 \- s 首先是维基百科对于integrity的理解:(转自 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrity ) 0 f% i2 w% X/ z7 N' g' j9 d6 l Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations and outcomes. In western ethics, integrity is regarded as the quality of having an intuitive sense of honesty and truthfulness in regard to the motivations for one's actions. Integrity can be regarded as the opposite of hypocrisy , in that it regards internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding apparently conflicting values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs. + D% Z Y( a) L O# Q The word "integrity" stems from the Latin adjective integer (whole, complete). In this context, integrity is the inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character . As such, one may judge that others "have integrity" to the extent that one judges whether they behave according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. 3 R! Z, G f M Y# @ 然后是美国传统英英词典的解释: ! e; |1 H6 s6 J3 m( D Steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code. / m) ^$ y- f- H) E% t1 @! E" d The state of being unimpaired; soundness 5 t, {8 }* I" |: V , r* m o4 R" l( G( | The quality or condition of being whole or undivided; completeness. ) a' {8 |6 A6 r6 Q2 ~# `; w 3 ^' B$ p* s% k2 V8 L/ }1 y 接着是网上同学的质疑(转自 http://bbs.taisha.org/archiver/tid-959887.html ) ; t! V* G* J: x Integrity 中文没有贴切的翻译。这是 Dictionary.com 的解释 +P om8 3 g7 w o$ i oE+iBLM`d M- ]" P/ e/ }: v 在这个作文题目里,integrity 的意义是 1 的 adherence to moral and ethical principles。意思就是说,如果政府支助艺术,艺术就很有可能会丧失良心,出卖自己,变成了妓女那样。 + u" K# 7 ~ 接着有同学对中外文化差异的解释: 9 O+ m. y2 E! i 我想还是中西方的差距问题 shC)Qb 4 ]$ d# k/ X) b2 S0 R% X e 我们的一切都是政府资助的 K+~qsKB$Y3q o 3 @, t ?; k! v' M" d7 o0 B 包括 体育选手的训练 歌舞剧团的演出 官方背景的作家协会 文联 各式的文工团 ; K" H0 d- k4 H" f2 y 而西方国家这类形式应该不多 oUShh+n*pL 0 ^$ \; z+ z6 ~9 ?) V( Q# {) l- K 大都是企业财团和个人基金赞助 ) ]# |2 R1 N0 H) {8 `0 G9 D) { 即使有政府行为,也不大会去干涉艺术的表现形式和表现内容 # r7 j6 F b: v- t 只是让艺术家们能心无旁骛的去创作 而不必担心 最基本的生计问题 My point: 1 n s% s- s B/ \" G8 y% m 也不能否认integrity有完整性的意思,但是他跟中国人理解的完整性还是有区别吧。 : I+ k: d K+ f. [7 @2 F 艺术的integrity不仅仅在于中国人所理解的艺术的多样性,而且还有西 方思维所理解的独立性、真实性 。 ; k: h A9 l9 r( O: [ 不知道说得对不对,也请高人指点迷津。
个人分类: 生活点滴|0 个评论
听Jane Goodall讲黑猩猩的故事
热度 1 王汉森 2012-4-1 09:35
Jane Goodall是一位享誉世界的灵长类动物学家和黑猩猩专家。有兴趣的读者请通过下面的链接看CBC最近对她的采访,听她讲述有关黑猩猩的故事。 http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/story/2012/03/21/jane-goodall-current-interview.html Jane Goodall relates an amazing chimp story CBC News Posted: Mar 21, 2012 12:07 PM ET Last Updated: Mar 27, 2012 3:36 PM ET Jane Goodall spoke to CBC News about the film Chimpanzee and the unusual relationship she observed between an orphaned chimp and a dominant male. She also spoke about her concerns over environmental degradation that threatens not just chimpanzees but all life on the planet. In an interview with CBC Radio's The Current on Wednesday she discussed her storied work as an animal scientist, conservationist and humanitarian. Her interview with Jim Brown from Ottawa comes as a new documentary, Jane's Journey , has been released about her remarkable life and career. Goodall arrived in Tanzania for the first time in 1960 as a young, untrained Englishwoman with an interest in animals. Her work studying chimpanzees in Gombe Steam National Park launched her career and led her to become one of the most renowned primatologists and chimp experts in the world.
个人分类: 科学人物|4590 次阅读|2 个评论

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