EQUATORIAL DYNAMICS IN A 2-1/2-LAYER MODEL Author(s): MCCREARY JP , YU ZJ Source: PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY Volume: 29Issue: 1Pages: 61-132Published: 1992 Original posting: This is my first publication in English, and I still don't have an e-copy. Every time when someone from other institute asks me for a copy, I have to make a hard copy and mail it out. Do you by any chance have the access to get me a pdf file? Otherwise, I will purchase one, which costs about $32. I hate to have to pay for my own pub Update (Dec. 24th, 2009): Just when I decided to pay the $32, a good friend told me to scan it myself. So I went to the office and asked Lori if she could teach me how to scan multi-pages, which she did. The paper is 72-page long, so I could not do it in one go. Lori offered to scan the paper for me. Since I parked at a 15-min zone nearby, I thanked her and took off. Not only did she scan the whole paper but also stitched them into one file for me. What a nice present to receive on the Christmas Eve. Thank you, Lori!
I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him? They said: Of course. My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5￠ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy 包含uction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif 无效faces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple 无效faces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky D I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me D I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together. I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle. My third story is about death. When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right. It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today? And whenever the answer has been No for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything D all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a 无效 of cancer that is incurable, and that Ishould expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now. This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept: No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true. Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with 无效writers, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. Thank you all very much. your heart knows what you want truly.
Title: A unified constitutive model for both clay and sand with hardening parameter independent on stress path Author: Yao, Y. P.; Sun, D. A.; Matsuoka, H. Source: Computers and Geotechnics, 2008, 35(2): 210-222 Abstract: A unified constitutive model for both clay and sand under three-dimensional stress conditions is derived from the modified Cam-clay model, by taking the following two points into consideration. First, a transformed stress tensor based on the SNIP (spatially mobilized plane) criterion is applied to the Cam-clay model. The proposed model consistently describes shear yielding and shear failure and combines critical state theory with the SMP criterion for clay. Secondly, a new hardening parameter, which is independent of the stress path, is derived in order to develop a unified constitutive model for both clay and sand. It not only describes the dilatancy for lightly to heavily dilatant sand, but also reduces to the plastic volumetric strain for clay. The validity of the hardening parameter is confirmed by the test results of triaxial compression and extension tests on sand under various stress paths. Only five conventional soil parameters are needed in the proposed model.
Title: The cam-clay models revised by the smp criterion Author: Matsuoka, H.; Yao, Y.; Sun, D. Source: Journal of the Japanese Geotechnical Society : Soils and Foundation, 1999, 39(1): 81-95 Abstract: The Cam-clay models were originally developed through theoretical considerations and experimental results under triaxial compression condition, and extended to three-dimensional models by using stress parameters p and q. A criterion of the Extended Mises type was adopted for the shear yield and failure of clay in Cam-clay models. However, it is well known that the failure of soil is not explained by the Extended Mises criterion but by a criterion of the Mohr-Coulomb type or the SMP (Spatially Mobilized Plane) type and others. Taking the consistency in the shear deformation and the shear failure into account, it is quite natural to introduce the Mohr-Coulomb or SMP criterion for the shear yield as well as the shear failure of soil. In this paper, a transformed stress tensor σ_ij is proposed, which is deduced from what makes the SMP criterion become a cone in the transformed principal stress space. The transformed stress tensor σ_ij is applied, as an example, to the Cam-clay models to improve their capability to describe the behavior of soils in general stresses including triaxial compression. The Cam-clay models revised by the transformed stress tensor σ_ij can explain well the drained and undrained behavior of clay not only under triaxial compression, but also under triaxial extension, plane strain, and true triaxial conditions. The present paper provides a reasonable and simple approach for extending the models using stress parameters p and q to the three-dimensional models by adopting σ_ij instead of σ_ij.
形式：学术报告 时间：2009年10月14日(星期三） 下午1：30-4：30 地点：北京大学 一教308 演讲人：Prof. Rohit Parikh (Brooklyn College of CUNY and CUNY Graduate Center) 题目：Belief Revision, Language Splitting and Information 摘要: The theory of Belief Revision has been formulated by AGM (Alchourron, Gardenfors and Makinson) in the 80's and has now become an important area of study. We describe our own and others' results (Kourousias and Makinson) in the relevance of language splitting. Issues that come in are Craig's Interpolation Theorem, Beth Definability Theorem, and the amount of information transferred from one theory to another. 您可以在论坛网站 http://www.golori.org/bjforum/ 下载相关的论文。
仅限学术研究使用，严禁商业用途，作者和出版社如有异议，我立即删除附件。如果觉得本书比较好，请购买正版图书。也欢迎各位博友讨论本书内容。欢迎学术交流。 Preface This book is concerned with computer simulation of scientific and engineering phenomena in a fashion which is consistent with the two principles: (1) All things change with time, and (2) All material bodies consist of atoms and/or molecules. Applications include solitons, crack development, biological sorting, saddle surfaces, rotating tops, bubbles in liquids, liquid surface adhesion, relativistic oscillation and development of turbulent flows. Theoretically we develop discrete equations with conservation laws which are identical to those of continuum mechanics. Our molecular studies are in complete accord with modern nanophysics. Graduates and professional researchers in mathematics, physics, materials science, fluid dynamics, and electrical and mechanical engineering will find this book a contemporary resource for their work on modelling physical phenomena. Donald Greenspan Arlington, Texas 2004 Body Problems and Models
Just reveived information that due to the fact that the 4Th AOSP Conference held inIndia in November 2008 failed to elect ahost for the 5Th AOSP Conference, the next AOSP Conference will be delayed by one year to 2011. At this time, The Japanese Association of Photobiology is likely to pick up the loose ends and organize the 5Th AOSP Conference in 2011. AOSP website at: http://www.aosp.org.cn/
信息来自 ：http://logic.cmu.edu/ The Pure and Applied Logic (PAL) program is an interdisciplinary Ph.D. program at Carnegie Mellon University with faculty from: the Department of Computer Science in the School of Computer Science the Department of Mathematical Sciences in the Mellon College of Science the Department of Philosophy in the College of Humanities and Social Sciences The program builds upon Carnegie Mellon's unique strengths in logic and its applications to computer science. Internationally recognized faculty, frequent workshops, colloquia, seminar series, and excellent computing facilities contribute to an ideal environment for both theoretical and applied research. Graduates of the program have gone on to prominent positions in industry and academe. Carnegie Mellon ranks highly in logic and related fields; see the university-maintained summary of rankings of various departments and programs at Carnegie Mellon. Areas of strength include: automated theorem proving category theory and categorical logic constructive mathematics formal verification foundations of decision theory foundations of programming languages logics of programs lambda calculus learning theory model theory proof theory set theory temporal and modal logics theory of computing type theory Related research at Carnegie Mellon includes algorithms, artificial intelligence, combinatorial optimization, computational complexity, computational linguistics, operations research, and programming systems. See also the logic bibliography maintained at Carnegie Mellon. Students interested in applying for admission to PAL should consult our answers to frequently asked questions . Program faculty Peter Andrews Professor of Mathematics mathematical logic, automated theorem proving, type theory Horacio Arlo Costa Associate Professor of Philosophy philosophical logic, epistemology, knowledge representation Jeremy Avigad Professor of Philosophy and Mathematical Sciences mathematical logic, proof theory, automated theorem proving, history and philosophy of mathematics Steve Awodey Professor of Philosophy category theory, logic, philosophy of mathematics, history of logic and analytic philosophy Lenore Blum Distinguished Career Professor of Computer Science computational complexity, real computation Stephen Brookes Professor of Computer Science mathematical semantics of programming languages Edmund Clarke FORE Systems Professor of Computer Science and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering automatic verification of computer hardware and software James Cummings Associate Professor of Mathematical Sciences mathematical logic, set theory David Danks Associate Professor of Philosophy causal learning, cognitive science, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of science Clark Glymour Alumni University Professor of Philosophy philosophy of science, causal modeling, cognitive science, machine learning Rami Grossberg Associate Professor of Mathematical Sciences mathematical logic, model theory Robert Harper Professor of Computer Science type theory, logical frameworks, programming languages Kevin Kelly Professor of Philosophy epistemology, philosophy of science, learning theory, computability, Ockham's razor Peter Lee Professor of Computer Science foundations of programming languages, proof carrying code Frank Pfenning Professor of Computer Science and Philosophy programming languages, logic and type theory, logical frameworks, automated deduction, trustworthy computing Andr Platzer Assistant Professor of Computer Science logics of hybrid systems, logics of programs, automated theorem proving, proof theory, automatic verification, and hybrid systems verification John Reynolds Professor of Computer Science semantics of programming languages Richard Scheines Professor of Philosophy, Machine Learning, and Human Computer Interaction graphical and statistical causal inference, philosophy of social science, foundations of causation, educational technology Ernest Schimmerling Associate Professor of Mathematical Sciences mathematical logic, set theory Dana Scott Hillman University Professor of Computer Science, Philosophy, and Mathematical Logic (Emeritus) mathematical logic, model theory, set theory, foundations of logic and mathematics, symbolic mathematical computation Teddy Seidenfeld H. A. Simon Professor of Philosophy, Statistics, and Machine Learning foundations of statistics, decision theory Wilfried Sieg Patrick Suppes Professor of Philosophy philosophy of mathematics, proof theory, automated proof search, history of modern logic, computability theory Mandy Simons Associate Professor of Philosophy philosophy of language, formal semantics and pragmatics of natural language Peter Spirtes Professor of Philosophy and Machine Learning graphical and statistical causal inference, causation in the social sciences, philosophy of physics Richard Statman Professor of Computer Science and Mathematical Sciences mathematical logic, theory of computation, lambda calculus, combinatory logic Current and upcoming logic events
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