Coffee leaf miner 咖啡潜叶蛾 Scientific name 学名: Leucoptera coffeella (Gurin-Mneville) Synonym 异名: Cemiostoma coffeella Gurin-Mneville; Elachista coffeella Gurin-Mneville; Perileucoptera coffeella (Gurin-Mneville) English names 英文名: Coffee leaf miner, White coffee leaf miner Taxonomy 分类地位: 鳞翅目Lepidoptera,潜蛾科Lyonetiidae Distribution 地理分布:新热带区的咖啡生产国 neotropical coffee producing countries Distribution in China 国内分布:否 No。检疫害虫 Quarantine pest Natural enemies 天敌:寄生蜂和拟寄生蜂如姬小蜂科、茧蜂科 parasitic wasps and hymenopteran parasitoids including Eulophidae, Braconidae; 蚂蚁 ants Host plants: Coffea spp, the miners can also lay eggs on wild Rubiaceae plants such as Pavetta spp., Diplospora spp. 咖啡属植物。此外,可在一些野生的茜草科灌木植物上产卵,如:大沙叶属和狗骨柴属植物。 Figures 图片: Larvae 幼虫: http://www.dowagro.com/br/lorsban/images/pragas/leucoptera.jpg Adults 成虫: http://www.scielo.br/img/revistas/ne/v36n3/05f3.gif Other Leucopeter leafminers on Coffea spp 危害咖啡的银潜蛾属的其它潜叶虫: 咖啡条纹潜蛾(咖啡小扇潜蛾) L. coffeina Washb ( http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/ae939e/ae939e3g.jpg )、迈氏潜叶蛾 L.meyricki Ghesquire ( http://www.infonet-biovision.org/res/res/files/1423.280x185.clip.jpeg )及咖啡逗点潜蛾 L. coma Ghesquiere ( http://nzdl.sadl.uleth.ca/gsdl/collect/tulane/index/assoc/HASHe262.dir/p155.jpg ). These species distributed in African countries including Kenya, Tanzania, buganda Island, Madagascar, Congo, Ethiopia, Angola and Cote d'Ivoire.这几种分布于非洲的肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚、岛干达、马达加斯加、刚果、埃塞俄比亚、安哥拉和科特迪瓦等国。 References 参考文献: 1 http://www.hudong.com/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1%E6%BD%9C%E5%8F%B6%E8%9B%BE 2 http://www.coffee-tea.co.uk/leafminer.php 3 http://www.coffee-tea.co.uk/leafminer-pest.php 4 http://www.dowagro.com/br/lorsban/pragas/bichomineiro.htm 5 http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1519-566X2007000300005script=sci_arttext 6 http://repository.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/85837 7 http://www.insect-zju.org/iqpm/Factsheet/insect/kfqye.htm
Podagricomela spp (Order Coleoptera:Family Chrysomelidae:Subfamily Alticinae) The genus Podagricomela has about 13 species,with 10in China.Most of themfeed on Rutaceaehosts (Zhang Yang, 2004). 鞘翅目叶甲科跳甲亚科潜跳甲属,全世界有13种,其中10中国内分布。大多数种类以芸香科植物为食。 There are twoleafmining Podagricomela on Citrus. 有2种柑橘潜叶甲。 1 English names: flea beetle (also citrus leaf miner) Chinese names: 柑橘潜跳甲 别名 柑橘潜叶跳甲、(中)柑桔跳甲 Scientific names 学名: Podagricomela nigricollis Chen Taxonomy: 鞘翅目 Order Coleoptera, 叶甲科 Family Chrysomelidae Distribution in China: Yes 国内分布 2English names: citrus bud-feeder Chinese names: 枸橘潜叶跳甲 又称拟恶性叶甲、潜叶绿跳甲、枸橘潜斧 Scientific names 学名: Podagricomela weisei Heikertinger Taxonomy: 鞘翅目 Order Coleoptera, 叶甲科 Family Chrysomelidae Distribution in China: Yes 国内分布 References: 1 Zhang Y, Yang X. 2004. A Study of the Genus Podagricomela Heikertinger(Coleoptera'.Chrysomelidae:Alticinae)from China. Entomotaxonomia, 26(4): 272-283. Photos 照片: a幼虫 larvae b幼虫头部 head of larvae c幼虫潜道和成虫取食孔 mines of larva and feeding holes of adults d幼虫潜道 one mine in detail Fig.1a-dLeafmining beetles and their damageson grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) 图1a-d. 柚子叶片上的柑橘潜叶甲及其为害状 【戴小华等2009年4月摄于中国赣州】 The species is possibly Podagricomela nigricollis but we are still waiting them to pupate and to emerge.Should be easily identified since the two mining Podagricomela adults are very different. Why not Phyllocnistis citrella , the leafmining moth? The frass are dark color and there are many holes near the mines. The holes are typical feeding harm by beetles. The larva can move out and make a new mine in the same leaf or in a different leaf. 虫道粪便较黑,且周围有甲虫成虫取食的小孔,并且幼虫可以爬出虫道重新潜食,甚至转叶为害。明显与柑橘潜叶蛾为害状不同,初步判定为柑橘潜叶甲。目前正在饲养等待化蛹羽化,做最后的鉴定。 You can campare the above mines with those of Phyllocnistis citrella. 请对比它们与柑橘潜叶蛾虫道的区别。 Citrus Leaf Miner 柑橘潜叶蛾 Phyllocnistis citrella (1) Citrus Leaf Miner 柑橘潜叶蛾 Phyllocnistis citrella (2): Larva and adult 幼虫和成虫 感谢曾竞、李珺、刘文平和赣南师范学院08生物本科潜叶虫兴趣小组帮助调查和拍摄。
戴小华. 2009.基于R语言的中国柑橘主要病虫害空间分布图. 江西农业科学, 21(4): 76-78. 摘要:本文运用 R 语言的 GIS 功能包生成了中国柑橘主要病虫害的空间分布图,结果发现:中国柑橘主要病虫害呈现出各种不同的空间分布规律,其形成的原因除了病虫害本身的生物学特性外,多多少少与气候因子的空间规律有关; R 语言生成的病虫害空间分布图直观明显,作图质量和商业化 GIS 软件相比,并不逊色。如能结合 R 语言中强大的统计优势,并和开源 GIS 软件 GRASS 相配合, R 可以广泛地应用于各种病虫害的时空分析,为病虫害的综合防治提供支持。 关键词: R ,柑橘,病虫害,空间分布,地理信息系统 Dai X. 2009. R-based Spatial Distribution Maps of Citrus Diseases and Pests in China. Jiangxi Agricultural Science. In press. Abstracts: Spatial distribution maps of citrus diseases and pests in China were made with GIS packages in R language. The results indicated that: different diseases and pests showed different spatial distribution patterns, not only due to their biological characteristics but also to the spatial laws of climate factors; R-based GIS maps are visually distinct, which quality was comparable to commercial GIS softwares. If combining Rs powerful statistical advantages and interconnecting with open-source GIS softwareGRASS, R can be widely used in the spatio-temporal analysis of diseases and pests, and provide support for their integrated management. Key words: R, Citrus, Diseases and pests, Spatial distribution, GIS 全文 Fulltext 基于R语言的中国柑橘主要病虫害空间分布图 可能由于出版印刷原因,pdf上的图严重失真,下面是原始图片 (original figures)。 R源代码如下(以蚧类为例)R Code (Scale as an example): require(maptools)#装载地图工具功能包 Load maptools read.shape(pests) - pestmap #读入中国柑橘病虫害的shp文件 Read the shp file of Chinese citrus pests and diseases attributes(pestmap$att.data) #查看该shp文件的属性表 View the atrribute tables of the above shp file. # 蚧类发生率分成三组并用不同颜色显示 The damage rates of scale insect are divided into 3 groups and showed with different colours br1 - c(0.015,0.035,0.055,0.074) rm - cut(pestmap$att.data$蚧类,breaks=br1,labels=c(1:3)) cols - c(gray,blue,red) fgs - cols # 生产柑橘蚧类为害率的空间分布图 Plot the distribution map of scale damage rate plot.Map(pestmap,fg=fgs,ol=black,main=柑橘蚧类为害率, xlab=经度, ylab=纬度) # 图注 Legends legtext - c(0.016-0.035,0.035-0.055,0.055-0.074) legend(topright,bg=white, fill=cols,legend=legtext) # 标志各省市区名称 Label the names of provinces, cities and regions dat = read.csv(con - textConnection(lb,jd,wd 重 庆 市,106.3,29.6 浙 江 省,119.2,29 湖 南 省,111.3,28.1 江 西 省,115.9,28.2 湖 北 省,112,31 四 川 省,103,30.65 贵 州 省,106.5,27.1 福 建 省,117.8,26.5 广 东 省,113.2,23.5 广西壮族自治区,108.7,24.3 云 南 省,101.2,24.8 陕 西 省,108.3,34.1)) text(dat$jd,dat$wd,dat$lb,col=white) close(con)