http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2009/9/223582.shtm 《自然神经学》：三管齐下助瘫痪小鼠恢复行动能力 美国和瑞士研究人员利用3种不同康复方法，成功帮助因脊髓损伤而瘫痪的实验鼠重新获得了行动能力，为下肢瘫痪人群的康复提供了新的思路。 美国加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员和瑞士苏黎世大学研究人员9月20日联合在英国《自然神经学》（ Nature Neuroscience ）上报告说，他们针对瘫痪小鼠同时使用了药物、电刺激和常规锻炼3种康复方法，成功使小鼠重新走动，甚至能够在跑步机上跑动。 研究人员说，值得一提的是，在康复治疗过程中，实验鼠因脊髓完全受损而被截断的神经纤维并未再生。在这种情况下，瘫痪鼠仅借助上述3种康复方法也能恢复行动能力，这说明对于脊髓损伤的瘫痪患者来说，即便无法实现神经纤维再生，也能恢复部分的行动能力。 研究负责人雷吉埃杰顿介绍说，脊髓中含有重要的神经回路，负责产生驱动肢体肌肉的节奏性活动。以前的研究都试图直接修复患者脊髓内的这一神经回路，但相关研究中最后获得的肢体行动能力恢复效果都不理想。 此次，他们采取的是三管齐下法，将瘫痪鼠置于运动状态的传步带上，然后向其注射作用于神经递质血清素的药物，并实施低水平的电流刺激。结果发现，电刺激加上传步带传递给肢体的运动感，触发了受损脊髓内的神经回路，促使实验鼠产生了走步甚至跑动的动作。经过几个星期的这种综合疗法，实验鼠最终获得部分行动能力。 更多阅读 《自然神经学》发表论文摘要（英文） http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/nn.2401.html Nature Neuroscience Published online: 20 September 2009 | :10.1038/nn.2401 :10.1038/nn.2401 Transformation of nonfunctional spinal circuits into functional states after the loss of brain input Grgoire Courtine 1 , 2 , Yury Gerasimenko 3 , 4 , Rubia van den Brand 1 , 2 , Aileen Yew 5 , Pavel Musienko 1 , 2 , 4 , Hui Zhong 3 , Bingbing Song 6 , Yan Ao 6 , Ronaldo M Ichiyama 3 , Igor Lavrov 3 , Roland R Roy 3 , 6 , Michael V Sofroniew 5 , 6 V Reggie Edgerton 3 , 5 , 6 Abstract After complete spinal cord transections that removed all supraspinal inputs in adult rats, combinations of serotonergic agonists and epidural electrical stimulation were able to acutely transform spinal networks from nonfunctional to highly functional and adaptive states as early as 1 week after injury. Using kinematics, physiological and anatomical analyses, we found that these interventions could recruit specific populations of spinal circuits, refine their control via sensory input and functionally remodel these locomotor pathways when combined with training. The emergence of these new functional states enabled full weight-bearing treadmill locomotion in paralyzed rats that was almost indistinguishable from voluntary stepping. We propose that, in the absence of supraspinal input, spinal locomotion can emerge from a combination of central pattern-generating capability and the ability of these spinal circuits to use sensory afferent input to control stepping. These findings provide a strategy by which individuals with spinal cord injuries could regain substantial levels of motor control. Top of page Neurology Department, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Rehabilitation Institute and Technology Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Department of Physiological Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. Motor Physiology Laboratory, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, St. Petersburg, Russia. Department of Neurobiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. 信息分析平台： http://www.gopubmed.org/web/gopubmed/1?WEB014ro1ab9f98arI92I1I00d000j10040001rl 检索策略：spinal locomotion and Spinal Cord Injuries and brain input 相关文献计量分析结果： Top Years Publications 2002 3 2000 2 2009 1 2008 1 2006 1 2004 1 2001 1 1992 1 Top Countries Publications USA 6 Canada 4 France 1 Switzerland 1 Top Cities Publications Los Angeles 5 Saskatoon 1 Calgary 1 Edmonton 1 Montreal 1 Zrich 1 Gainesville 1 Top Journals Publications Exp Neurol 1 J Neurophysiol 1 Neuroscientist 1 Annu Rev Neurosci 1 Curr Opin Neurobiol 1 Eur J Neurosci 1 J Gravit Physiol 1 J Physiol-london 1 Phys Ther 1 J Neurotraum 1 1 2 Top Authors Publications Roy R 5 Edgerton V 5 Hodgson J 3 Tillakaratne N 2 De Leon R 2 Harkema S 2 Muir G 1 Kanagal S 1 Whelan P 1 Gordon I 1 Dunbar M 1 Vanneste K 1 Gorassini M 1 Yang J 1 Bigbee A 1 Widajewicz W 1 Drew T 1 Jiang W 1 Fouad K 1 Kagi S 1 1 2 1 2 3 ... 7 Top Terms Publications Spinal Cord 11 Spinal Cord Injuries 11 Locomotion 10 Animals 10 Wounds and Injuries 7 locomotion 7 Recovery of Function 6 Spinal Injuries 6 Humans 5 Neuronal Plasticity 4 Neural Pathways 4 Adult 4 Thorax 4 Muscles 4 Rehabilitation 3 hindlimb morphogenesis 3 Hindlimb 3 Cats 3 forelimb morphogenesis 2 Pyramidal Tracts 2 1 2 3 ... 7 相关研究报道：
标签: 康复
