环球时报 《社评:美国一天两张脸,中国都能因应之》 称,美国商务部10日宣布,将37家中国大陆企业和学校列入美国企业应谨慎对待的“未经核实”实体的危险名单。入单的包括汽车技术、液晶材料、精密光学、电子、机床生产领域的企业,以及广东工业大学、中国人民大学、上海同济大学以及位于西安的两所学校等。名单上还有6家香港机构及阿联酋、马来西亚等少数机构。这则消息可以进一步溯源到路透社的报道《 U.S. puts 37 Chinese companies and schools on red-flag 'unverified' list》 。 第一次关注禁运,源于2015年的超级计算机芯片禁运,当时写了博文 《超算芯片禁运,无力反抗》 ,随后整理了博文 《聊聊美国的“禁运清单”》 ;之后到2018年4月,美国对中兴禁运, 《再次揭开对华禁运这个老伤疤》 。虽然中国的科技随着禁运正在日新月异地发展,变得更加独立;但一年后的4月10号,美国再次在禁运上做了进一步的动作。 这次“禁运”的方式跟以往有所不同:把中国的37家机构加入“unverified list”。虽然不是直接的禁运,但由于潜在法律风险很可能大于收益,供应商们倾向于直接当这些机构被禁运。路透社的报道中有解释: Being put on an “unverified” list means that U.S. suppliers to the unverified companies and schools can no longer use license exceptions to, for example, sell products to repair goods that were sold previously but instead will have to get a new license, said Wolf, now at the law firm Akin Gump. “Even though it’s not an embargo, because of the hassle sometimes suppliers will treat it as an embargo. It has a practical effect that’s greater than the legal effect,” said Wolf. 继续追溯这份更新名单到 https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2019-04-11/pdf/2019-07211.pdf 。 2019-07211.pdf 更新后的文件全文可以在这里查看: https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/regulations-docs/2343-744-1/file 更多的禁运信息Export Administration Regulations Downloadable Files 可以在 https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/regulations/export-administration-regulations-ear 查看,这次更新涉及的是Part 744 - Control Policy: End-User and End-Use Based。 《聊聊美国的“禁运清单”》 提到的另一种 更为严格直接的禁运列表Entity List ,也可以在这里点开Supplement No. 4 to Part 744 - Entity List文本指向的链接查看最新版本;这个名单更长。 这次进入 “unverified list” 的高校和科研机构包括: Anhui Institute of Metrology 安徽省计量科学研究院 Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Technology 中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research 上海高压科学研究中心 Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Guangdong University of Technology 广东工业大学 Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Renmin University 人民大学 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 Tongji University 同济大学 Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 中国科学院云南天文台 Xi’an Jiaotong University 西安交通大学 Xi’an Jiaotong University, School of Electrical Engineering 西安交通大学电气工程学院 附1: 中国大陆这次被列入全部名单如下(37家): Aisin Nantong Technical Center, No 11 Chen Yang Road, Nantong Development Zone, Nantong, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Anhui Institute of Metrology, No. 13, Yanan Road, Baohe Industrial Development District, Hefei, China 230051 84 FR 4/11/2019. Beijing Bayi Space LCD Materials Technology Co., Ltd, Dongfeng Rd, Yanshan, Beijing, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Technology, 30 Xue YuanLu HaiDianQu, Beijing, China 100083 84 FR 4/11/2019. Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Rd, Bldg #6, Pudong, Shanghai, China 201203 84 FR 4/11/2019. Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun City, China 130022 84 FR 4/11/2019. Changchun National Extreme Precision Optics Co Ltd, No. 3608 Dong Nanhu Road, Jilin Province, Changchun, China 130000 84 FR 4/11/2019. Chengde Oscillator Electronic Technology Co., #17 Siheyuan Village, Pingquan Town, Pingquan City, Hebei Province, Chengde City, China 067506 84 FR 4/11/2019. Guangdong University of Technology, No 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Ctr, Guangzhou, China 510006 84 FR 4/11/2019. Gucheng Xian Fengxin Titanium Alloy, Xiyuan Industrial District, Gucheng County, Hebei Province, Hengshui City, China 253800 84 FR 4/11/2019. Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 350, Shushanhu Rd, Shushan District, Hefei City, China 230031 84 FR 4/11/2019. Huaduan (Anhui) Machine Tool Manufacturer Co., Chaoyang Rd #888, Dongguan Development, Si Town, Anhui Province, Suzhou, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Hubei Flying Optical, No 1, Changfei Avenue, Yanhua, Industrial Park, Jianghan Oil Field, Qianjiang, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Luoyang Weimi Optics, No. 18 Lingbo Road, New High Tech Industry Development Zone, Luoyang, China 471000 84 FR 4/11/2019. Ningbo Zhongxian Optoelectronic Technology Co, Ltd., Floor 11 Technology Innovation Center, No. 1188 Binhai 2nd Road, Hangzhou Bay New District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China 315336 84 FR 4/11/2019. Renmin University, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China 100872 84 FR 4/11/2019. Shaanxi Hongyuan Aviation Forging, Building Hongyuan Street, Luqiao Town, Shaanxi, China 713801 84 FR 4/11/2019. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, China 200083 84 FR 4/11/2019. Shanghai SKEQI Automation Engineering Co., Bldg 8, No. 650 Guanghua Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Shi Jia Zhuang Suin Instruments, A-2 No. 99 Yuyuan Road, LuQuan District, Shijiazhuang, China 050000 84 FR 4/11/2019. Sunder Tools (Changxing) Technology, Zhongtie Avenue Huaxi Industrial Area, Changxing County, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China 313100 84 FR 4/11/2019. Termei Torch Tip Company, No. 9 Huanbao 3rd Road, Xinbei District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China 213034 84 FR 4/11/2019. Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China 200092 84 FR 4/11/2019. TRI Microsystems, Rm 2806, Building A, Rongchao Yinglong Mansion, No. 5 Longfu Road, Longchen Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Wuhan Yifi Laser Equipment Co., Dingxin Industry Park, Jiayuan Road, Optics Valley, Hubei, Wuhan, China 430074 84 FR 4/11/2019. Wuxi Beetech Inc., No. 58 4th Floor Feihong Road, Nanhu, Wuxi, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Wuxi Hengling Technology Co. Ltd., Bldg C1, No. 999 East Gaolang Rd., Binhu District, Jiangsu Province, Wuxi City, China 214131 84 FR 4/11/2019. Xiamen Sanan Optoelectronics, Luling Road 1721-1725#, Ximing, Xiamen, China 361008 84 FR 4/11/2019. Xi'an Caijing Opto-Electronics, Science Technology Co., Ltd, No. 168, East Zhangba Road, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an City, China 84 FR 4/11/2019. Xi'an Micromach Photon Manufacture Technology, No. 60 Western Road, New High Tech Park, Xi'an, China 710000 84 FR 4/11/2019. Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Electrical Engineering, No. 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China 710049 84 FR 4/11/2019. Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 99 Yanxiang Road, Qujiang, Xi'an, China 71000 84 FR 4/11/2019. Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), No. 396 Yangfangwang, Kunming, Yunnan, China 650216 84 FR 4/11/2019. Zhejiang Xizi Aviation, No. 277 Xinken Road, Qianjin, Technological Development Area, Zhejiang, China 311222 84 FR 4/11/2019. Zhongshan Thincloud Optics Co. Ltd., 8 KA, Building A, No. 5 Kuxing Road, Sanjiao Town, Zhongshan, China 528445 84 FR 4/11/2019. Zolix Instruments Co., LDUV 68B, No. 16 Huanke Middle Rd, Tongzhou Zone, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China 101102 84 FR 4/11/2019. 附2: 中国香港被列入名单的机构有7家: Able Supply Chain Limited, Rm 511, 5/F, Corporation Park, 1 On Lai Street, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong; and Rm 605, 6/F, Corporation Park, 1 On Lai Street, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong; and Unit C, 9/F, Winning House, No. 72-76 Wing Lok Street, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019. Boson Technology Co., Limited., Unit 22, 10/F, Nan Fung Commercial Centre, 19 Lam Lok Street, Kowloon, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong; and Room 1907, 19/F, Lee Garden One, 33 Hysan Avenue, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong; and Room 1501 (462), 15/F., SPA Centre, 53-55 Lockhart Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019. HK Hengyu Storage Logistics Limited, Rm 2309, 23/F, Ho King Commercial Centre, 2-16 Fayuen St, Mongkok, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong; and Flat/Rm B10, 9/F, Mai Hing Factory Building, 16-18 Shing Yip Street, Kowloon, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong; and Flat/Rm B11, 12/F Mai Hing Factory Building, 16-18 Shing Yip Street, Kowloon, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019. Ling Ao Electronic Technology Co. Ltd, a.k.a. Voyage Technology (HK) Co., Ltd., a.k.a. Xuan Qi Technology Co. Ltd, Room 17, 7/F, Metro Centre Phase 1, No. 32 Lam Hing St., Kowloon Bay, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong; and 15B, 15/F, Cheuk Nang Plaza, 250 Hennessy Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong; and Flat C, 11/F, Block No. 2, Camelpaint Bldg., 62 Hoi Yuen Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Room C1-D, 6/F, Wing Hing Industrial Building, 14 Hing Yip Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Flat/Rm. A30, 9/F Silvercorp International Tower, 707-713 Nathan Road, Mongkok, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Room 912A, 9/F. Witty Commercial Building, 1A-1L Tung Choi Street, Mongkok, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Unit A, 7/F, King Yip Factory Bldg., 59 King Yip Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and Unit D, 16/F, One Capital Place, 18 Luard Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong; and Unit B213, 1/F, New East Sun Industrial Bldg., 18 Shing Yip Street, Kowloon, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong 80 FR 4779, 01/29/15., 80 FR 60532, 10/7/15., 82 FR 16733, 04/06/17., 83 FR 22845, 05/17/18., 84 FR 4/11/2019. Rising Logistics Company Limited, Workshop 12, 13/F, Block B, New Trade Plaza, No. 6, On Ping Street, Sha Tin, New Territories, Hong Kong; and Unit 208, 2/F, Block B, Hoi Luen Industrial Centre, 55 Hoi Yuen Road, Kowloon, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong; and Unit 1105, Hua Qin International Building, 340 Queens Road, Central, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019. Swelatel Technology Limited, Rm. 19C, Lockhart Ctr., 301-307 Lockhart Rd., Wan Chai, Hong Kong; and Rm. 2107, Lippo Centre Tower 2, 89 Queensway, Admiralty, Wan Chai, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019. Universe Market Limited, Unit A, 17/F, Good Will Industrial Building, 36-44 Pak Tin Par Street, Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong 84 FR 4/11/2019.