美国《图书馆杂志》总编辑 Bette-Lee Fox撰文《Year in Architecture 2011: Design of the Times 》。其中有2010年7月1日至2011年6月30日这一年经历新馆建设（包括新建、重修或扩建）的26家高校图书馆数据。 新建馆5所；扩建馆2所；重修馆11所；扩建且重修馆8所。阿林顿校区图书馆（Arlington Campus Library，George Mason University, VA），项目经费9100万美元（约57449.5万元），建筑面积41.4万平方英尺（约38462平方米），每平方英尺造价212.32美元（约2285美元/平方米，合14425.5元每平方米），工程造价8790万美元，家具与设备开支70万美元，藏书量15万册，座位数438，建筑师SmithGroup。26家经历新馆建设的图书馆中，阿林顿小区图书馆建筑面积遥遥领先，同样是新建馆的其余几家面积在3.45万平方英尺（约3200平方米）到9.08万平方英尺（约8443平方米）之间。重修、扩建且重修的19家中，最大的是麦克亨利图书馆（McHenry Library, University of California Santa Cruz），总面积为27.39万平方英尺（其中11.2万平方英尺为新建），设计座位数为1246个（是26家中最多的）。新建馆中乔丽卡曼索托图书馆（Joe Rika Mansueto Library, University of Chicago）建筑面积约8443平方米，设计藏书量350万册，座位数180个。 浏览以上数据给我的冲击是，中美差异太大了，也许包括文化差异、国情差异等诸多因素，而且不排除数据不准确的可能。突出的印象是，太谨慎，太“低调”了。 刘锦山等《沉思与对话：高校图书馆新馆建设》一书中有2000-2008年部分高等学校图书馆新馆建设数据。71家图书馆新馆平均建筑面积为2.7万平方米，平均设计藏书量为148.6万册，平均阅览座位数为2811个。43家高校图书馆平均综合造价为2817元/平方米，平均总投资为7644万元。教育部高等学校图书情报工作委员会2003年制订的《普通高等学校图书馆评估指标（修改稿）》要求，生均建筑面积2.0平方米，2008年本科院校平均规模为12097人，也就是平均建筑面积需要超过2.4万平方米。2000-2008年新馆建筑面积超过3万平方米（不含3万平米）的图书馆共有44家。刘锦山等认为：（1）“在总面积符合相关规定的前提下，采取总分馆体制对总馆和分馆进行有效布局是新馆建设值得考虑的思考路，在这种思路下单馆面积并非越大越好。”；（2）“不能绝对地根据综合造价来比较不同图书馆的建设成本的高低。因为，综合造价造成影响的因素很多，包括地区差异、建设时间、物价因素等，另外，图书馆在土建之后的装修、家具、设备等要求水准的差异也会对之产生一定的影响。”这两条观点，不仅是对国内高校图书馆新馆建设的忠告，而且有助于我们认识美国高校图书馆新馆建设及两国之间的差异。笔者认为，美国高校图书馆“大馆”不多见，是因为他们重视分馆建设，至于设计藏书量、设计阅览座位数有很大的差异，则涉及服务理念、服务模式、服务规模、服务手段等诸多因素。 图书馆作为重要的公共建筑，绿色建筑、生态建筑与可持续建筑等理念深入人心。也许单纯从表象比较，孰优孰劣，难分伯仲。我国高校图书馆新馆建设并未停止，个人感觉同比（2010年7月1日至2011年6月30日）也许比美国要“火热”得多。比如2011年建成开馆的，笔者知道的有南京大学仙林杜厦图书馆、江苏大学图书馆、北京师范大学图书馆等等。在当前，美国高校图书馆新馆建设尤其值得我们借鉴与思考。 参考文献 ： 1 Bette-Lee Fox.Year in Architecture 2011: Academic Library Data http://features.libraryjournal.com/architecture/library-buildings-2011/year-in-architecture-2011-academic-library-data/ 2 刘锦山、崔凤雷、高新陵.沉思与对话：高校图书馆新馆建设.北京：国家图书馆出版社，2010.8：1-28
如果能在这样的图书馆环境中阅读，相信那是无比赏心悦目的一件事。个人觉得这也是网络环境下，图书馆发展的一种思路，一种图书馆文化的传播！何时我们也一起把中国传统特色和现代建筑相结合的图书馆搜罗出来！ 源地址：http://curiousexpeditions.org/?p=78 Librophiliac Love Letter: A Compendium of Beautiful Libraries September 6th, 2007 Strahov Theological Hall - Original Baroque Cabinet Strahov Theological Hall; Statue of John the Evangelist Holding a Book Strahov Philosophical Hall Abbey Library St. Gallen, Switzerland Angelica Library, Rome, Italy Herzog August Library, Wolfenbttel, Germany Beatus Rhenanus Library, Basel, Switzerland Bernadotte Library, Stockholm Sweden Biblioteca Angelica, Rome, Italy Biblioteca Di Bella Arti, Milan, Italy Biblioteca do Palacio e Convento de Mafra I, Lisbon Coast, Portugal Biblioteca do Pala?cio Nacional da Ajuda Lisboa III, Lisbon, Portugal Biblioteca Geral University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Biblioteca Palafoxiana, Puebla, Mexico Bibliotecha de la Real Academia De La Lengua, Madrid, Spain Bibliotheque Alencon, Normandy, France Bibliothe?que Nationale de France, Paris, France Duke of Humphreys Library, Bodleian, Oxford University, England Boston Copley Public Library, Boston, USA Old British Reading Room, British Museum, London, England Casanatense Library, Rome, Italy Cathedral Library, Kalocsa, Hungary Chethams Library, Manchester, UK Dutch Royal Archives Library, Netherlands El Escorial Library, San Lorenzo, Spain Frederick Ferris Thompson Memorial Library, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, USA George Peabody Library, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Handelingenkamer Tweede Kamer Der Staten-Generaal Den Haag, the Hague, Netherlands Hereford Cathedral Chained Library, Hereford, England (Rare books were once kept chained to the bookshelf to prevent stealing.) Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek Weimar II, Germany Joanina LIbrary University of Coimbra, Portugal Kremsmuenster Abbey Library, Kremsmu?nster, Upper Austria. Biblioteca Castilla La Mancha, Spain Library of Congress, Washington, DC, USA Library of Parliament, Ottawa, Canada Library of St. Walburga, Zutphen, Netherland (Preserved from the 16th century) Library of the Benedictine Monastery of Admont, Austria Library of the National Palace of Mafra, Portugal Library of the Prussian King Frederic the Second in Potsdam, Germany Melk Monastery Library, Melk, Austria National Art Library, Victoria and Albert Museum, London North Reading Room, UC Berkeley, California, USA (Terrific reader suggestion) New York Public Library, New York, USA Plantin-Moretus, Antwerp, Belgium Queens College Library Oxford Real Gabinete Portugues De Leitura Rio De Janeiro, Brazil (Possibly the most beautiful library of them all.) Rennie Mackintosh Library, Glasgow School of Art, Scotland (Added on excellent reader suggestion.) Riggs Library, Georgetown University, USA Rijkmuseum Library, Amsterdam Riksdagen Library, Swedish Parliament Library, Stockholm, Sweden Russian National Library, St. Petersburg St. Florian Monastery-Library, Austria Salamanca Library, Salamanca, Spain Sansovino Library, Rome, Italy Sorbonne Library, Paris, France State Library, Victoria, Australia Stiftsbibliothek Klosterneuburg, Klosterneuburg, Austria Suzzallo Library, Seattle, Washington, USA The New Library of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh Theology Room at St. Deiniols library, North Wales Trinity College LIbrary, AKA, The Long Room, Dublin, Ireland University-Library, Helsinki, Finland Vatican Library, Vatican City, Rome Austrian National Library, Vienna, Austria Waldsassen Abbey Library, Bavaria, Germany Wren Library, Trinity College, Cambridge, England Yale, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Amelia S. Givin Library, Mount Holly Springs, PA Bad Schussenried Bibliothekssaal, Baden-Wrttemberg, Germany Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana, Florence, Italy Bibliothe?que Solvay, Brussels, Belgium Boston Athenum, Boston, MA, USA Codrington Library, All Souls College, Oxford, England Cornell Law School Library, Ithaca, NY, USA Folger Shakespeare Library, Washington D.C., USA George Vanderbilts Biltmore House Library, Asheville, N.C., USA Harper Library, The University of Chicago, IL, USA John Rylands Library, Manchester, England (Thanks to Edward Brownrigg and John Rylands) Klementium Library, Prague, Czech Republic Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru, National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, Wales National Library of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Old Chicago Public Library (Current Cultural Center), Chicago, IL, USA Pierpont Morgan Library, NY, NY, USA Saxon State Library in Dresden, Germany (The reading room pictured is entirely underground, the ceiling being level with the grass.) Sterling Memorial Library, Yale, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (The rest of Sterling Library is incredible, but I particularly enjoy that wonderful library specialty, the card catalog) The Grolier Club Library, NY, NY, USA Law Library, Iowa State Legislature, IA, USA The St. Johnsbury Athenaeum, Northeast Vermont, USA Thomas Crane Library, Quincy MA, USA Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto, Canada University of Michigan (Old) Law Library, MI, USA Widener Library, Harvard. Cambridge, MA, USA Wiblingen Monestary Library, Ulm, Germany st_go({blog:'2073402',v:'ext',post:'78'}); var load_cmc = function(){linktracker_init(2073402,78,2);}; if ( typeof addLoadEvent != 'undefined' ) addLoadEvent(load_cmc); else load_cmc();
标签: 图书馆建筑
