圣地亚哥之旅——Old Town San Diego 时间：2013年5月17-18 Old Town 坐落于加州南部，圣地亚哥 downtown 附近，是圣地亚哥地区最具历史意义的古老市镇，第一批欧洲殖民者的定居所，历史上依次被西班牙、墨西哥统治，现在是美国的一部分。如果要追忆圣地亚哥早期年华，非Old Town莫属，老城内很多西班牙和墨西哥风格的历史遗迹，如酒馆、戏院、教堂等，保护的很好，置身其中，有种时光错觉，好像回到了百年前的墨西哥小镇。因为这里与墨西哥交接，这里很多墨西哥移民，一眼就可以看出来。 圣地亚哥的 Old Town 是老公想要去的一个小景点，为了方便，我们将酒店订在了 Old Town 附近， 5 分钟步行距离。 这是我们定的小旅馆，毗邻高速，停车免费，带游泳池，离seaworld和midway carrier都很近，警察24小时带枪巡逻，安全经济实惠。 车停到了房间正门口，出行方便。今天高速行驶130miles，行驶两个小时左右，来洛杉矶后的首次远行。 Old Town 的进口，一个古老简单的木门。木门将古老和现代分割的如此明显，一边是落满树叶的泥土路；一边是干净整洁的水泥地。可以看出老美的文化保护理念，保护的就是原貌，哪怕不符合现代人的审美观，也不修饰，体现的就是原汁原味。 进门后，随处可见各式巨大仙人掌和其他不知名的沙地植物，很有特点。城市中已经很少能看到这种西部片的情景了，至少国内很少见到。老公喜欢自然界的花花草草，自然照个不停。 走进拐角，眼前一片空旷。中间是大片草地，点缀的几棵大树；周围是古老的建筑，有教堂，餐厅，戏院、街巷、庭院，展现了 200 多年前当地人的生活状态。 一个古老的祭台。祭台在空地的正中心，可见对当地人来说，是一个比较神圣的地方。不过对于我这个无神论者真没感觉出来，呵呵。 祭台旁边是一门大炮，上面锈迹斑斑，应该有些年头了。这样的大炮，在圣莫妮卡的海边也见过几门，但是这门显得更古老一些。儿子很喜欢，合个影。 本来打算来老城吃早餐，体验一下墨西哥风味的美食，因为在那里吃远比吃什么更重要。没想到这里的早点 10 点才开张，老美的生活比起成都还悠闲了。 现在才 8 点，儿子等不及了，只能先用自己的薯片垫一下。 Old Town不大，游览 1 个小时足足有余。这是一个具有浓郁墨西哥风情的小城，阳光、朴实、宁静，很难想象是置身于繁华的城市中心。顺着古老街道漫步，看着这些古老庭院、鲜艳的装饰，有种并不在美国的感觉。 沿街首先看到的是一个简单小酒馆，门口放着几个木质的大酒罐，还有一个土著人的木雕，三个美国人无所事事、懒散的坐在长凳上。 再往前走，就是几家小饭店，客人不多，小店的前面长满了异常茂盛的沙地植物，郁郁葱葱，和小城外面的车水马龙形成鲜明对比。 刚刚走到小喷泉前面，突然两只不知名小鸟飞来喝水，随手抓拍，闪光灯居然都没有吓走，也许是好不容易才找到水，不过美国的动物普遍的不怕人。 前面一个大庭院，里有小吃店、工艺品和首饰店、也有戏院。里面的工艺品品种很多，做工很好，虽然很多是 made in china ，但是造型上国内很难遇到，如果能带回国就太好了。 庭院门口的指示牌，显示了里面的小店的名称。 还有戏台，里面有乐手在表演，听的人寥寥无几，看起来更像自娱自乐。第二天过来，留了个影。 院子里的小摆设，工艺品。 老旧的马车 这样的小店随处可见，每家小店的陈设和小细节各有亮点，随意、精致且不重复。 这棵树真的很美，像个大花篮，满树都是颜色鲜丽的花朵，相机很难诠释她的美 儿子喜欢这个花，主动要求照相。 本来打算来这里吃早餐，没想到来早了，居然连个服务员都没有，没关系，坐一下也好。 庭院中间有个牌子，记录着这里变迁的历史，想起了这里最初的原住民——印第安人，他们现在在哪里？想起了陆续登陆这里的西班牙人、墨西哥人还有美国人。 出了庭院，顺着古街继续往前走，路旁是一辆老式马车，上面放着许多箱子，不知道干什么用的，照相留念。 坐在这个小店里品尝墨西哥美食一定不错，里面还有歌手弹琴唱歌，果断点菜吃饭，不过吃过后，真心觉得不适合中国人口味，不过在哪里吃永远比吃什么重要。 这个房子怎么看都像个大雪糕，很可爱的说。 感觉O ld Town 就是美国的墨西哥，建筑、阳光、热带植物和玉米小吃都是它的特色， 在洛杉矶也有很多类似的特点，毕竟加州历史上就是属于墨西哥的，来了这里，以后就不用去墨西哥了。
十一位科学家获生命科学巨奖 据《自然》网站消息，来自美国、荷兰和日本的11位科学家获得了首届生命科学大奖——“生命科学突破奖”（ Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences ）。他们分别获得该奖的五个奖项，每个得奖人将获奖金300万美元，该数目是诺贝尔奖单项奖金（2012年为120万美元）的2.5倍。 1 美国普林斯顿大学教授David Botstein 2 美国哈佛大学教授Eric S. Lander 获基因组学奖 3 美国康奈尔大学教授Lewis C. Cantley 4 荷兰皇家艺术与科学学院Hubrecht研究所教授Hans Clevers 5 美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校教授Napoleone Ferrara 6 美国纪念斯隆•凯特林癌症中心教授Charles L. Sawyers 7 美国约翰•霍普金斯大学教授Bert Vogelstein 8 美国麻省理工学院教授Robert A. Weinberg 获癌症奖 9 美国洛克菲勒大学教授Titia de Lange 获端粒奖 10 日本京都大学山中伸弥Shinya Yamanaka 获干细胞奖 11 美国洛克菲勒大学教授Cornelia I. Bargmann 获神经生物学奖 全文见 http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2013/2/274939.shtm 我们对每位科学家的学术成就和影响力进行分析。 5 美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校教授Napoleone Ferrara 找到的结果数: 505 被引频次总计: 71008 去除自引的被引频次总计: 68369 施引文献: 37226 去除自引的施引文献: 36907 每项平均引用次数: 140.61 h-index: 119 http://apps.webofknowledge.com/CitationReport.do?product=WOSsearch_mode=CitationReportSID=W2pk3GJmFa6MNdgC8iDpage=1cr_pqid=30viewType=summary Citation Year -1 Citation 1 Rank 2 Sort by: Academic Authors Napoleone Ferrara Publications (263) Bevacizumab plus Irinotecan, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ( Citations: 2640 ) Herbert Hurwitz , Louis Fehrenbacher , William Novotny , Thomas Cartwright , John Hainsworth , William Heim , Jordan Berlin , Ari Baron , Susan Griffing , Eric Holmgren , Napoleone Ferrara , Gwen Fyfe http://academic.research.microsoft.com/io.ashx?type=5id=30050069selfId1=23429352selfId2=-1maxNumber=12query= Journal: New England Journal of Medicine - N ENGL J MED , vol. 350, no. 23, pp. 2335-2342, 2004 The biology of VEGF and its receptors ( Citations: 1974 ) Hans-Peter Gerber , Jennifer LeCouter , Napoleone Ferrara Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of physiological angiogenesis during embryogenesis, skeletal growth and reproductive functions. VEGF has also been implicated in pathological angiogenesis associated with tumors, intraocular neovascular disorders and other conditions. The biological effects of VEGF are mediated by two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, which differ considerably in signaling properties. ... Journal: Nature Medicine - NATURE MED , vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 669-676, 2003 The Biology of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ( Citations: 1760 ) NAPOLEONE FERRARA , TERRI DAVIS-SMYTH Journal: Endocrine Reviews - ENDOCRINE REV , vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 4-25, 1997 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is a Secreted Angiogenic Mitogen ( Citations: 1747 ) David W. Leung , George Cachianes , Wun-Jing Kuang , David V. Goeddel , Napoleone Ferrara Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was purified from media conditioned by bovine pituitary folliculostellate cells (FC). VEGF is a heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells that is able to induce angiogenesis in vivo. Complementary DNA clones for bovine and human VEGF were isolated from cDNA libraries prepared from FC and HL60 leukemia cells, respectively. These cDNAs encode ... Journal: Science , vol. 246, no. 4935, pp. 1306-1309, 1989 Heterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene ( Citations: 1369 ) Napoleone Ferrara , Karen Carver-Moore , Helen Chen , Mary Dowd , Lucy Lu , K. Sue O'Shea , Lyn Powell-Braxton , Kenneth J. Hillan , Mark W. Moore ANGIOGENESIS is required for a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes1. The endothelial cell-specific mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)2,3 is a major mediator of pathological angiogenesis4-6. Also, the expression of VEGF and its two receptors, Flt-1 and Flk-1/KDR, is related to the formation of blood vessels in mouse and rat embryos7-... Journal: Nature , vol. 380, no. 6573, pp. 439-442, 1996 Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumour growth in vivo ( Citations: 969 ) K. Jin Kim , Bing Li , Jane Winer , Mark Armanini , Nancy Gillett , Heidi S. Phillips , Napoleone Ferrara THE development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) is required for many physiological processes including embryogenesis, wound healing and corpus luteum formation1,2. Blood vessel neoformation is also important in the pathogenesis of many disorders1-5, particularly rapid growth and metastasis of solid tumours3-5. There are several potential mediators of tumour angiogenesis, including basic and acidic fibroblast growth factors, tumour ... Journal: Nature , vol. 362, no. 6423, pp. 841-844, 1993 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Ocular Fluid of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Retinal Disorders ( Citations: 951 ) Lloyd Paul Aiello , Robert L. Avery , Paul G. Arrigg , Bruce A. Keyt , Henry D. Jampel , Sabera T. Shah , Louis R. Pasquale , Hagen Thieme , Mami A. Iwamoto , John E. Park , Hung V. Nguyen , Lloyd M. Aiello Napoleone Ferrara http://academic.research.microsoft.com/io.ashx?type=5id=29930742selfId1=23429352selfId2=-1maxNumber=12query= Journal: New England Journal of Medicine - N ENGL J MED , vol. 331, no. 22, pp. 1480-1487, 1994 Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells ( Citations: 751 ) N FERRARA Journal: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BIOCHEM BIOPHYS RES COMMUN , vol. 161, no. 2, pp. 851-858, 1989 The fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase, a Receptor for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ( Citations: 750 ) Carlie de Vries , Jaime A. Escobedo , Hikaru Ueno , Keith Houck , Napoleone Ferrara , Lewis T. Williams The fms-like tyrosine kinase (Flt) is a transmembrane receptor in the tyrosine kinase family. Expression of flt complementary DNA in COS cells conferred specific, high-affinity binding of vascular endothelial growth factor, also known as vascular permeability factor (VEGF-VPF), a factor that induces vascular permeability when injected in the guinea pig skin and stimulates endothelial cell proliferation. Expression ... Journal: Science , vol. 255, no. 5047, pp. 989-991, 1992 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: Basic Science and Clinical Progress ( Citations: 730 ) NAPOLEONE FERRARA Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen in vitro and an angiogenic inducer in a variety of in vivo models. Hypoxia has been shown to be a major inducer of VEGF gene transcription. The tyrosine ki- nases Flt-1 (VEGFR-1) and Flk-1/KDR (VEGFR-2) are high- affinity VEGF receptors. The role of VEGF ... Journal: Endocrine Reviews - ENDOCRINE REV , vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 581-611, 2004 Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target ( Citations: 531 ) Napoleone Ferrara , Robert S. Kerbel Inhibiting angiogenesis is a promising strategy for treatment of cancer and several other disorders, including age-related macular degeneration. Major progress towards a treatment has been achieved over the past few years, and the first antiangiogenic agents have been recently approved for use in several countries. Therapeutic angiogenesis (promoting new vessel growth to treat ischaemic disorders) is an exciting frontier ... Journal: Nature , vol. 438, no. 7070, pp. 967-974, 2005 Molecular and Biological Properties of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family of Proteins ( Citations: 518 ) N. FERRARA , K. HOUCK , L. JAKEMAN , D. W. LEUNG Journal: Endocrine Reviews - ENDOCRINE REV , vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 18-32, 1992 The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family: Identification of a Fourth Molecular Species and Characterization of Alternative Splicing of RNA ( Citations: 510 ) K. A. Houck , N. Ferrara , J. Winer , G. Cachianes , B. Li , D. W. Leung Journal: Molecular Endocrinology - MOL ENDOCRINOL , vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 1806-1814, 1991 Molecular and biological properties of vascular endothelial growth factor ( Citations: 467 ) N. Ferrara Published in 1999. Structural Characterization and Biological Functions of Fibroblast Growth Factor ( Citations: 457 ) D. GOSPODAROWICZ , N. FERRARA , L. SCHWEIGERER , G. NEUFELD Journal: Endocrine Reviews - ENDOCRINE REV , vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 95-114, 1987 HIF-1α Is Essential for Myeloid Cell-Mediated Inflammation ( Citations: 394 ) Thorsten Cramer , Yuji Yamanishi , Bjrn E. Clausen , Irmgard Frster , Rafal Pawlinski , Nigel Mackman , Volker H. Haase , Rudolf Jaenisch , Maripat Corr , Victor Nizet , Gary S. Firestein , Hans-Peter Gerber Napoleone Ferrara http://academic.research.microsoft.com/io.ashx?type=5id=36137082selfId1=23429352selfId2=-1maxNumber=12query= Granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages of the myeloid lineage are the chief cellular agents of innate immunity. Here, we have examined the inflammatory response in mice with conditional knockouts of the hypoxia responsive transcription factor HIF-1α, its negative regulator VHL, and a known downstream target, VEGF. We find that activation of HIF-1α is essential for myeloid cell infiltration and ... Journal: Cell , vol. 112, no. 5, pp. 645-657, 2003 Therapeutic angiogenesis. A single intraarterial bolus of vascular endothelial growth factor augments revascularization in a rabbit ischemic hind limb model ( Citations: 358 ) S Takeshita , L P Zheng , E Brogi , M Kearney , L Q Pu , S Bunting , N Ferrara , J F Symes , J M Isner Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation - J CLIN INVEST , vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 662-670, 1994 Humanization of an Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibody for the Therapy of Solid Tumors and Other Disorders ( Citations: 351 ) Leonard G. Presta , Helen Chen , Shane J. O'Connor , Vanessa Chisholm , Y. Gloria Meng , Lynne Krummen , Marjorie Winkler , Napoleone Ferrara Vascular endothelial growth factor (VE(F) is a major mediator of angiogenesis associated with tumors and other pathological conditions, including proliferative diahetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The murine anti-human \ I (.1 monoclonal antibody imiiM \l \ I.di i A.4.6.1 has heen shown to potently suppress angio- genesis and growth in a variety of... Published in 1997. VEGF and the quest for tumour angiogenesis factors ( Citations: 335 ) Napoleone Ferrara The ability of tumours to induce new blood-vessel formation has been a major focus of cancer research over the past few decades, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is now known to be central to this process. The quest for VEGF and other factors that promote tumour angiogenesis was initiated many decades ago, and a long and complicated path ... Journal: Nature Reviews Cancer - NAT REV CANCER , vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 795-803, 2002 Regulation by vascular endothelial growth factor of human colon cancer tumorigenesis in a mouse model of experimental liver metastasis ( Citations: 319 ) R S Warren , H Yuan , M R Matli , N A Gillett , N Ferrara Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation - J CLIN INVEST , vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 1789-1797, 1995 Potent synergism between vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in the induction of angiogenesis in vitro ( Citations: 313 ) M PEPPER , N FERRARA , L ORCI , R MONTESANO Journal: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BIOCHEM BIOPHYS RES COMMUN , vol. 189, no. 2, pp. 824-831, 1992 Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the regulation of angiogenesis ( Citations: 293 ) Napoleone Ferrara Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the regulation of angiogenesis.Compelling evidence indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a fundamental regulator of normal and abnormal angiogenesis. The loss of a single VEGF allele results in defective vascularization and early embryonic lethality. VEGF plays also a critical role in kidney development, and its inactivation during early postnatal life ... Journal: Kidney International - KIDNEY INT , vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 794-814, 1999 Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in regulation of physiological angiogenesis ( Citations: 291 ) N Ferrara Published in 2001. Vascular endothelial growth factor stimulates bone repair by promoting angiogenesis and bone turnover ( Citations: 281 ) Min Bao , Leo Deguzman , Stuart Bunting , Franklin V. Peale Jr. , Napoleone Ferrara , Hope Steinmetz , John Hoeffel , Jeffrey L. Cleland , Ann Daugherty , Nicholas van Bruggen , H. Paul Redmond , Richard A. D. Carano http://academic.research.microsoft.com/io.ashx?type=5id=15164851selfId1=23429352selfId2=-1maxNumber=12query= Several growth factors are expressed in distinct temporal and spatial patterns during fracture repair. Of these, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, is of particular interest because of its ability to induce neovascularization (angiogenesis). To determine whether VEGF is required for bone repair, we inhibited VEGF activity during secondary bone healing via a cartilage intermediate (endochondral ossification) and during direct bone ... Journal: Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences - PNAS , vol. 99, no. 15, pp. 9656-9661, 2002 VEGF is required for growth and survival in neonatal mice ( Citations: 279 ) H. P. Gerber , K. J. Hillan , A. M. Ryan , J. Kowalski , G. A. Keller , L. Rangell , B. D. Wright , F. Radtke , M. Aguet , N. Ferrara Published in 1999. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumour growth in vi ( Citations: 274 ) K. J. Kim , B. Li , J. Winer , M. Armanini , N. Gillett , H. S. Phillips , N. Ferrara Journal: Nature , 1993 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces plasminogen activators and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in microvascular endothelial cells ( Citations: 261 ) M PEPPER , N FERRARA , L ORCI , R MONTESANO Journal: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BIOCHEM BIOPHYS RES COMMUN , vol. 181, no. 2, pp. 902-906, 1991 Vascular endothelial growth factor is essential for corpus luteum angiogenesis ( Citations: 261 ) Napoleone Ferrara , Helen Chen , Terri Davis-Smyth , Hans-Peter Gerber , Thuy-Nhung Nguyen , David Peers , Vanessa Chisholm , Kenneth J. Hillan , Ralph H. Schwall Journal: Nature Medicine - NATURE MED , vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 336-340, 1998 VEGF regulates haematopoietic stem cell survival by an internal autocrine loop mechanism ( Citations: 254 ) Hans-Peter Gerber , Ajay K. Malik , Gregg P. Solar , Daniel Sherman , Xiao Huan Liang , Gloria Meng , Kyu Hong , James C. Marsters , Napoleone Ferrara Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a principal regulator of blood vessel formation and haematopoiesis, but the mechanisms by which VEGF differentially regulates these processes have been elusive. Here we describe a regulatory loop by which VEGF controls survival of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We observed a reduction in survival, colony formation and in vivo repopulation rates of HSCs after ... Journal: Nature , vol. 417, no. 6892, pp. 954-958, 2002 Discovery and development of bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF antibody for treating cancer ( Citations: 243 ) Kenneth J. Hillan , Hans-Peter Gerber , William Novotny , Napoleone Ferrara The existence of factors that stimulate blood vessel growth, thereby recruiting a neovascular supply to nourish a growing tumour, was postulated many decades ago, although the identification and isolation of these factors proved elusive. Now, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which was identified in the 1980s, is recognized as an essential regulator of normal and abnormal blood vessel growth. In ... Journal: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery - NAT REV DRUG DISCOV , vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 391-400, 2004 Time-Dependent Vascular Regression and Permeability Changes in Established Human Tumor Xenografts Induced by an Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Permeability Factor Antibody ( Citations: 242 ) Fan Yuan , Yi Chen , Marc Dellian , Nina Safabakhsh , Napoleone Ferrara , Rakesh K. Jain The hyperpermeability of tumor vessels to macromolecules, compared with normal vessels, is presumably due to vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEGF/VPF) released by neoplastic and/or host cells. In addition, VEGF/VPF is a potent angiogenic factor. Removal of this growth factor may reduce the permeability and inhibit tumor angiogenesis. To test these hypotheses, we transplanted a ... Journal: Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences - PNAS , vol. 931, no. 25, pp. 14765-14770, 1996 Vascular endothelial growth factor induces interstitial collagenase expression in human endothelial cells ( Citations: 226 ) Elaine N. Unemori , Napoleone Ferrara , Eugene A. Bauer , Edward P. Amento Journal: Journal of Cellular Physiology - J CELL PHYSIOL , vol. 153, no. 3, pp. 557-562, 1992 The vascular endothelial growth factor family of polypeptides ( Citations: 224 ) Napoleone Ferrara , Keith A. Houck , Lyn B. Jakeman , Jane Winer , David W. Leung Journal: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - J CELL BIOCHEM , vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 211-218, 1991 Angiogenesis-Independent Endothelial Protection of Liver: Role of VEGFR-1 ( Citations: 210 ) Jennifer LeCouter , Dirk R. Moritz , Bing Li , Gail Lewis Phillips , Xiao Huan Liang , Hans-Peter Gerber , Kenneth J. Hillan , Napoleone Ferrara The vascular endothelium was once thought to function primarily in nutrient and oxygen delivery, but recent evidence suggests that it may play a broader role in tissue homeostasis. To explore the role of sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in the adult liver, we studied the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor activation on mouse hepatocyte growth. Delivery of VEGF-... Journal: Science , vol. 299, no. 5608, pp. 890-893, 2003 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Molecular and Biological Aspects ( Citations: 193 ) Napoleone Ferrara , Hans Peter Gerber Published in 1999. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis: Therapeutic implications ( Citations: 191 ) Napoleone Ferrara Angiogenesis, or formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is essential for normal development and wound healing/reproductive functions in adults. Abnormal regulation of angiogenesis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disorders, including cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A is a pivotal stimulator of angiogenesis because its binding to VEGF receptors has been shown to ... Journal: Seminars in Oncology - SEMIN ONCOL , vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 10-14, 2002 Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins ( Citations: 188 ) N. Ferrara Journal: Endocrine Reviews - ENDOCRINE REV , vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 18-32, 1992 Vascular endothelial growth factor ( Citations: 172 ) N. Ferrara Journal: European Journal of Cancer - EUR J CANCER , vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 2413-2422, 1996 The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in pathological angiogenesis ( Citations: 167 ) Napoleone Ferrara Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a diffusible endothelial cell-specific mitogen and angiogenic factor that can also increase vascular permeability. By alternative splicing of mRNA, VEGF may exist as one of four different isoforms that have similar biological activities but differ markedly in targeting and bioavailability. The VEGF receptors are specifically expressed in the cell surface of vascular endothelial ... Journal: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - BREAST CANCER RES TREAT , vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 127-137, 1995 http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Detail?entitytype=2searchtype=2id=23429352orderBy=1
近日，UCSD（圣地亚哥加州大学）的化学系教授 Clifford Kubiak 实验室的网页惊现歧视华人的文字： 【图片根据网络资料改编： http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t1/Chemistry/31335457_0_1.html ， 由网友polymer张贴】 其内容是： http://kubiak.ucsd.edu/labrules.php 【网页现在无法连上】 Lab Rules: 0.NO DISNEY MUSIC. 1. Don't be that guy. 2. If you can't turn on the instrument, you shouldn't use it. 3. Don't believe anything the Chinaman says. (Demoted from rules 1 2) 4. No ammount of time is acceptable for food-floor interaction, accept it, it's gone. 5. If you start a phosphine fire - don't panic. Well, maybe a little. 前面那个MITBBS的网页里面，很多人在讨论这个问题，显然有人已经向学校相关人员通报此事。 下面是UCSD的一个副校长和理学院院长的道歉信： http://physicalsciences.ucsd.edu/ An apology for insensitive comments on Professor Kubiak's research lab website On behalf of President Mark Yudof, Chancellor Marye Anne Fox, and the UC San Diego community we are truly disappointed by the insensitive and offensive language that appeared on the website of Professor Clifford Kubiak . This language does not conform to our commitment to the UCSD Principles of Community. We have communicated today with Professor Kubiak who has ensured that the offending language has been removed and he will provide a formal, written apology. This apology will be posted on Professor Kubiak’s website. Further, we have asked the Office for the Prevention of Harassment and Discrimination (OPHD) to review the matter. Please accept our sincere apologies on behalf of the University. Suresh Subramani Executive Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs Mark Thiemens Dean, Division of Physical Sciences
美国当地时间2011年5月3日中午2011年美国科学院院 Xie, X. Sunney; Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, department of chemistry and chemical biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. 谢晓亮，出身于化学世家，其父为北大化学与分子工程学院著名教授谢有畅。他1984年毕业于北大化学系、获学士学位，并在本系继续攻读研究生。1985年赴加州大学圣地亚哥分校攻读博士，1990年获博士学位后在芝加哥大学进行博士后研究，1992年起在美国太平洋西北国家实验室工作，1999年被聘为哈佛大学化学与生物系终身教授，是该校仅有的两位中国大陆的终身教授之一。目前其研究重点是单分子光谱检测及其在生命科学中的应用。谢教授曾获美国物理学会的青年光谱学家奖、以色列总统奖等多项殊荣（转自百度百科） 值得关注的是谢教授2010组织在北京大学建立了生物动态光学成像中心（Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, BIOPIC），我的一个朋友加盟该中心担任PI。 Kung, Ching; Vilas Professor of Genetics and Molecular Biology, departments of genetics and molecular biology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison 研究微生物的信号传导，主要是离子通道，实验室中国人不少，看名字像是香港人 Ye, Jun; NIST fellow, National Institute of Standards and Technology; JILA fellow, JILA; and adjoint professor, department of physics, University of Colorado, Boulder 不详 外籍院士 Li, Jiayang; professor, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, and vice president, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing (People’s Republic of China) 李家洋，植物分子遗传学家，中国科学院院士，研究员。历任中国科学院遗传研究所所长助理、所长，遗传与发育生物学研究所所长，中国科学院副院长。 其他生物医学领域值得关注的本土大牛如下 (按姓氏字母排名)，其中不少HHMI研究员： Akil, Huda; co-director, Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, and Gardner Quarton Distinguished University Professor of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 令人尊敬的女神经科学家，主要贡献是首次发现内源性鸦片 肽 的生理作用，曾经担任全球最大神经学会the Society for Neuroscience主席 Bartel, David P.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor of biology, department of biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 作为年轻的HHMI研究员，主要贡献发现microRNA和阐明其和功能和调控机制，其当选也顺应目前的miRNA热潮。 他的经典论文Bartel DP, “MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function,” Cell 116(2): 281-97, 23 January 2004按google检索至今已被引5700次。 Beaudet, Arthur L.; Henry and Emma Meyer Professor and chair, department of molecular and human genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 主要贡献genomic imprinting Birchler, James A.; Curators’ Professor, division of biological sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 主要贡献Drosophila and Maize genetics Buckley, Rebecca H.; J. Buren Sidbury Professor of Pediatrics and professor of immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C. 女免疫学家，78岁高龄当选为院士确实不容易 Church, George M.; director, Lipper Center for Computational Genetics, and professor of genetics, department of genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston 56岁，技术开发大师，1984年发明了第一个直接基因组测序方法direct genomic sequencing method ，后期又发明 molecular multiplexing and tags, homologous recombination methods和 DNA array synthesizers. Dietz, Harry C., III ; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Victor A. McKusick Professor of Genetics and Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, departments of medicine, pediatrics, and molecular biology and genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore HHMI研究员，主要研究血管壁的发育，促进了对马方综合症等心血管疾病的治疗 Goldberg, Michael E.; David Mahoney Professor of Brain and Behavior, and director, Mahoney Center for Mind and Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians, New York City 主要研究认知神经科学，即将当选the Society for Neuroscience主席 Gottschling, Daniel E.; full member, basic sciences division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle 运用酵母为模型研究老化和肿瘤之间的关系 Hawley, R. Scott; investigator, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Mo. 染色体的同源重组等机制 Heuser, John E.; professor of biophysics, department of cell biology and physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis 69岁，发明了quick-freeze deep-etch electron microscopy ，对电镜技术的发展有主要贡献 Hultgren, Scott J.; Helen L. Stoever Professor of Molecular Microbiology, and director, Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis 研究致病菌浸入宿主的机制 Jacobsen, Steven E.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor, department of molecular, cell, and developmental biology, University of California, Los Angeles HHMI研究员，用拟南芥为模型研究DNA甲基化 Kingsley, David M.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and professor of developmental biology, department of developmental biology, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif. HHMI研究员，研究脊椎动物骨骼发育和进化 Kobilka, Brian K.; professor, departments of molecular and cellular physiology and medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. 突出贡献在于鉴定出 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)的分子结构，GPCRs是非常重要的药物靶点但是非常难得到其晶体结构 。有趣的是他于1987– 2003当选为HHMI研究员（一个聘期5年），后来没有续聘（个人推测估计是工作当时没得到HHMI评委的认可，不然谁也不愿放弃HHMI 对当选研究员每年雷打不动的巨额资助），不过其后来的贡献得到公认，其鉴定的GPCR结构被列为Science杂志The runners-up for 2007′s Breakthrough of the Year Manley, James L.; Julian Clarence Levi Professor of Life Sciences, department of biological sciences, Columbia University, New York City 研究基因表达调控，尤其是mRNA splicing Maquat, Lynne E.; J. Lowell Orbison Chair and professor of biochemistry and biophysics, department of biochemistry and biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, N.Y. 又一位女科学家，学校不是很出名，主要研究翻译机制，尤其是nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) Mellman, Ira S.; vice president of research oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, Calif. 发现endosome，在进入公司前任耶鲁大学肿瘤中心主任， Journal of Cell Biology 主编 1999-2008 Nathan, Carl F.; chairman, department of microbiology and immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York City 主要研究macrophages Nussenzweig, Michel C.; investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and Sherman Fairchild Professor and senior physician, department of molecular immunology, Rockefeller University, New York City HHMI研究员，研究B lymphocytes and dendritic cells发育和功能 Parada, Luis F.; professor and Diana K. and Richard C. Strauss Distinguished Chair in Developmental Biology, department of developmental biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 信号传导，原癌基因在发育和肿瘤中的作用 Warren, Stephen T.; William Patterson Timmie Professor and chair, department of human genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta 主要研究fragile X syndrome 的遗传学。The American Journal of Human Genetics主编1999-2005。 2004就当选为Institute of Medicine of the National Academies院士。 新当选的外籍院士有两个非常瞩目 Hartl, Franz-Ulrich; director, department of cellular biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany (Germany) ， 发现蛋白质折叠中的分子伴侣chaperone（炸药奖级别的重大发现）1998年当选为EMBO 会员 Yamanaka, Shinya; senior investigator and L.K. Whittier Foundation Investigator in Stem Cell Biology, Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco (Japan) 2009年因发现诱导多能干细胞iPS获得有小炸药奖之誉的Lasker Basic Research Award，当选完全没悬念 总的来看生物医学领域的院士有20多位，在总数（一共72)上占绝对优势。从学科分类看，传统学科遗传学在今年当选的超多，包括中国的外籍院士也是植物遗传学领域的，而肿瘤领域的很少，似乎和去年肿瘤领域当选的比较多有关（可以参考2010年院士点评博文）。
美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校（ University of California,San Diego 简称UCSD ）位于美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥市，是一所知名度很高的综合性公立大学。加州大学圣地亚哥分校有着宽裕的联邦教育经费与世界级的研究实验室教室设备和专业图书馆等，更使其在各种权威校际评鉴中，始终名列前茅。在最新的美国新闻周刊组织的大学排名中， UCSD 入选全美最热门的理科十大院校之一，排名第六，这十所院校分别是： Harvard, UC Berkeley, Stanford, MIT, Yale, UCSD, CalTech, Princeton, Cornell, Chicago 。在一流教育实力的基础上，学校还着重强调其以科研为导向的高等学府定位。学校每年平均有 19 亿的研究经费，超过了伯克莱分校和洛杉矶分校，居于 UC 系统首位。 UCSD 也拥有一流的研究和教学图书设施与科研机构。圣地亚哥分校有着坚强的师资阵容，其理科师资排在全美公立大学的首位，其教师中还产生了五位诺贝尔奖得主和一位女宇航员。 加州大学圣地亚哥分校雅各布斯工程学院。（ UCSD Jacobs School of Engineering ）。该学院下设 6 个系，分别是生物工程系（ Department of Bioengineering ）、计算机科学与工程系（ Department of Computer Science and Engineering ）、电子与计算机工程系（ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ）、力学航天工程系（ Department of Mechanical/Aerospace Engineering ）、纳米工程系（ Department of NanoEngineering ）以及结构工程系（ Department of Structural Engineering ）。 工学院有教师 187 人，其中院士 18 人，讲 席 教授 29 人。 工学院有研究生 1219 人，博士生的国际学生占 40% 左右。 本科生 3881 人（亚裔学生占 40% 左右），短期的本科国际交换学生也有。 该工学院学术实力在全美排名第三，全世界排名第十三，其中生物工程专业在全美排名第二。 该学院科研经费充足， 2008 年获得的经费支持将近为两亿美元。 结构工程系有全世界结构工程最大之一的鲍威尔结构实验室，全世界最大的野外地震动结构实验的振动台。 2009年, 中国教育部周济部长和美国教育部长签署协议，我国的前 10 名大学和加州的 10 所公立大学（ UC -- University of California ），开展对口交流与合作。
标签: 圣地亚哥
