Modeling an electrically driven graphene-nanoribbon laser for optical interconnects This paper appears in: Photonics Global Conference (PGC), 2012 Date of Conference: 13-16 Dec. 2012 Author(s): Shan, Guangcun Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR Shek, Chan-Hung Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong KongSAR Page(s): 1 - 5 Product Type: Conference Publications Abstract Graphene has two very important optical properties of population inversion of electrons, and broadband optical gain. As a result, graphene has potential for use in lasers and amplifiers. In this work, we presented a quantum master model and analyzed the properties for the electrically pumped single-AGNR vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to investigate the lasing action and laser properties for realistic experimental parameters. A semiclassical approximation for the output power and laser linewidth is also derived. The laser threshold power was several orders of magnitude lower than that currently achievable with semiconductor microlasers. Our results have demonstrated that a single-AGNR VCSEL can serve as a nanolaser with ultralow lasing threshold. Implementation of such a GNR-based VCSEL is especially promising for optical interconnection systems since VCSELs emit low optical power and single longitudinal mode over a wide wavelength spectral range through tailoring GNRs. IEEEGPC2012Electrically driven graphene-nanoribbon laser.pdf Index Terms IEEE Terms Atomic measurements , Optical coupling , Optical interconnections , Optical pumping , Photonics , Stimulated emission , Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers
NATURE PHOTONICS September 2010 Volume 4 Number 9, pp 579 - 662 Visit Nature Photonics online to browse the journal. Now available at http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=7m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Please note that you need to be a subscriber to enjoy full text access to Nature Photonics online. To purchase a subscription, please visit: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=76m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Alternatively, to recommend a subscription to your library, please visit http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=26m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 =========================== ADVERTISEMENT =========================== NPG Asia Materials - free weekly research highlights and field reviews by top materials researchers from the Asia-Pacific region. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Latest reviews Volume 2 Issue 3 | July 2010 - Integrated devices based on nanotube-nanowire networks - Advances in crystalline silicon solar cell technology - Self-assembled supramolecular hydrogels for drug delivery Register for weekly email alerts and never miss the latest in Asian materials research! http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=54m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 =========================== ADVERTISEMENT =========================== 2010 Nature Photonics Technology Conference Future Perspectives on Photovoltaics Date: 19-21 October 2010 Venue: Tokyo Fashion Town (TFT) Hall, Ariake, Tokyo, Japan The Nature Photonics Technology Conference is an international conference hosted by Nature Photonics with the aim of disseminating information concerning the latest trends in the research and development of photonic technologies. 'Future Perspectives on Photovoltaics', the second conference organized by Nature Photonics, will feature a series of lectures (around 30 sessions) by leading experts from Japan and the rest of the world. All the lectures will be free to attend by pre-registering online. Apply online now http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=59m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ===================================================================== ---------------------- EDITORIAL ---------------------- Understanding artwork p579 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.218 Given that an article can't be published until any artwork issues are resolved, it makes sense to get it right first time and avoid delays. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=105m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS ---------------------- Our choice from the recent literature pp580 - 581 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.202 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=115m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- NEWS AND VIEWS ---------------------- Optical communications: Modulation at femtojoule scale pp583 - 584 Christian Koos, Juerg Leuthold and Wolfgang Freude doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.212 Photonic crystal nanocavities can strongly enhance the interaction between light and matter. Researchers have now demonstrated high-speed signal generation and all-optical switching with energies in the femtojoule and sub-femtojoule regime. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=111m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Biophotonics: Fluidic camera aids surgery p585 Oliver Graydon doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.200 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=118m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Quantum optics: The quest for higher dimensionality pp585 - 586 Stanislav Straupe and Sergei Kulik doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.215 Using a clever design of polarization optic, Italian researchers have successfully created four-level 'ququart' quantum states using the polarization and orbital angular momentum of single photons. This approach may help to realize more effective forms of quantum communication. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=120m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Optical encryption: The ghost holds a secret p587 David Pile doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.206 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=125m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Biophotonics: A light to move the heart pp587 - 589 Nicholas I. Smith doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.198 An infrared laser pacemaker that can optically synchronize the beat of an embryonic heart shows great promise for developmental biology, and perhaps ultimately for use as a pacemaker in humans. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=139m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 X-ray science: X-ray FEL shines brightly pp589 - 591 Steven Jamison doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.210 The Linac Coherent Light Source at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in the USA is producing coherent soft and hard X-rays at a brightness nearly ten orders of magnitude larger than synchrotron sources, heralding a new era in ultrafast science. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=134m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 View from... Nonlinear photonics 2010: Revisiting solitons pp591 - 592 Rachel Won doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.217 The study of dissipative solitons is not only increasing our understanding of nonlinear systems but may also help develop high-performance short-pulse lasers and devices for optical information processing. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=132m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 --------------------- TECHNOLOGY FOCUS: Solar cells ---------------------- Technology focus EDITORIAL ---------------------- New horizons p595 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.207 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=99m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- Technology focus BUSINESS NEWS ---------------------- Business boom continues p596 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.208 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=101m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- Technology focus RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS ---------------------- Our choice from the recent literature p597 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.199 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=112m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- Technology focus PROFILE ---------------------- Concentrating on the future pp599 - 600 Nadya Anscombe doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.194 The concentrator photovoltaics market is becoming increasingly crowded. Nadya Anscombe finds out what makes German company Concentrix Solar stand out from the crowd. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=117m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- Technology focus INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE ---------------------- Silicon cells: Catching rays pp602 - 603 Kenichi Taira and Josuke Nakata doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.193 Sphelar solar-cell technology uses an array of tiny spheres of silicon within a transparent matrix to generate power, promising new opportunities for the use of solar cells in power-generating windows and portable, foldable power supplies. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=106m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- Quantum dot solar cells: The best of both worlds pp604 - 605 Ghassan E. Jabbour and David Doderer doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.209 Quantum-dot-based solar cells promise to deliver efficiencies approaching those of crystalline solar cells but with the manufacturing simplicity of organics. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=81m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Technology focus PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS ---------------------- Microcrack inspection systems, bio-backsheets and more p607 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.201 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=78m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Technology focus INTERVIEW ---------------------- Organic evolution p608 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.192 Belgian research institute imec is uniquely capable of manufacturing both polymer and small-molecule organic photovoltaic technology. Nadya Anscombe talks to Tom Aernouts, team leader of the organic photovoltaic division at imec, about these competing technologies. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=89m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- ---------------------- REVIEW ---------------------- Graphene photonics and optoelectronics pp611 - 622 F. Bonaccorso, Z. Sun, T. Hasan and A. C. Ferrari doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.186 Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=21m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=86m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- LETTERS ---------------------- Optical pacing of the embryonic heart pp623 - 626 M. W. Jenkins, A. R. Duke, S. Gu, Y. Doughman, H. J. Chiel, H. Fujioka, M. Watanabe, E. D. Jansen and A. M. Rollins doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.166 The ability of pulsed near-infrared laser light to pace the heart beat of a quail embryo is demonstrated, suggesting that such optical pacing may become a useful tool for developmental cardiology. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=25m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=58m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Broadband terahertz wave remote sensing using coherent manipulation of fluorescence from asymmetrically ionized gases pp627 - 631 Jingle Liu, Jianming Dai, See Leang Chin and X.-C. Zhang doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.165 An /`all-optical/' technique is proposed that can be used to detect broadband terahertz waves by coherently manipulating fluorescence emission from a gas plasma. This technique can be used to measure terahertz pulses at a distance of 10 m with unlimited directionality, even in the presence of water vapour absorption. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=24m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=64m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Two-photon interference of the emission from electrically tunable remote quantum dots pp632 - 635 Raj B. Patel, Anthony J. Bennett, Ian Farrer, Christine A. Nicoll, David A. Ritchie and Andrew J. Shields doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.161 Truly remote, independent InGaAs quantum dots are tuned to the same energy using large applied electric fields of up to -500 kV cm-1. This allows for two-photon interference of their emission under coincidence gating, and opens up the possibility of transferring quantum information between remote solid-state sources. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=19m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=69m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Phase-locking of a 2.7-THz quantum cascade laser to a mode-locked erbium-doped fibre laser pp636 - 640 Stefano Barbieri, Pierre Gellie, Giorgio Santarelli, Lu Ding, Wilfried Maineult, Carlo Sirtori, Raffaele Colombelli, Harvey Beere and David Ritchie doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.125 The phase locking of a longitudinal mode of a 2.7 THz quantum cascade laser was achieved using the spectral bandwidth of a mode-locked erbium-doped fibre laser. This technique is applicable to any terahertz quantum cascade laser source, and is an ideal tool for controlling the phase of different quantum cascade lasers. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=18m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=48m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- ARTICLES ---------------------- First lasing and operation of an angstrom-wavelength free-electron laser pp641 - 647 P. Emma, R. Akre, J. Arthur, R. Bionta, C. Bostedt, J. Bozek, A. Brachmann, P. Bucksbaum, R. Coffee, F.-J. Decker, Y. Ding, D. Dowell, S. Edstrom, A. Fisher, J. Frisch, S. Gilevich, J. Hastings, G. Hays, Ph. Hering, Z. Huang, R. Iverson, H. Loos, M. Messerschmidt, A. Miahnahri, S. Moeller, H.-D. Nuhn, G. Pile, D. Ratner, J. Rzepiela, D. Schultz, T. Smith, P. Stefan, H. Tompkins, J. Turner, J. Welch, W. White, J. Wu, G. Yocky and J. Galayda doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.176 The Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser has now achieved coherent X-ray generation down to a wavelength of 1.2 A and at a brightness that is nearly ten orders of magnitude higher than conventional synchrotrons. Researchers detail the first operation and beam characteristics of the system, which give hope for imaging at atomic spatial and temporal scales. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=20m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=45m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 High-speed ultracompact buried heterostructure photonic-crystal laser with 13 fJ of energy consumed per bit transmitted pp648 - 654 Shinji Matsuo, Akihiko Shinya, Takaaki Kakitsuka, Kengo Nozaki, Toru Segawa, Tomonari Sato, Yoshihiro Kawaguchi and Masaya Notomi doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.177 Advanced on-chip photonic networks require integrated nanoscale lasers with low power consumption. Researchers have now demonstrated high-speed modulation of a compact heterostructure photonic crystal laser at room temperature with an unprecedented low required energy of 13 fJ per bit transmitted. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=15m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=42m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Non-Gaussian operation based on photon subtraction using a photon-number-resolving detector at a telecommunications wavelength pp655 - 660 Naoto Namekata, Yuta Takahashi, Go Fujii, Daiji Fukuda, Sunao Kurimura and Shuichiro Inoue doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.158 Non-Gaussian continuous variable operations are demonstrated for the first time at telecommunications wavelengths. Squeezed states were generated using a titanium superconducting sensor that can resolve the incident photon number. Reconstructed Wigner functions of the generated quantum states indicated non-Gaussian operation. Abstract: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=14m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Article: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=39m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- CORRIGENDUM ---------------------- Silicon optical modulators p660 G. T. Reed, G. Mashanovich, F. Y. Gardes and D. J. Thomson doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.219 http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=29m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------- INTERVIEW ---------------------- Searching for terahertz waves p662 doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.216 A scheme for the remote sensing of terahertz waves over distances of tens of metres could have important applications in security and biology. Xi-Cheng Zhang from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute spoke to Nature Photonics about his group's latest work in this field. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=67m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 =========================== ADVERTISEMENT =========================== 55 Articles Published. 40% Open Access. Don't miss out on the others! http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=56m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 Nature Communications, the new online, multidisciplinary journal, gives authors the option to publish manuscripts open access, ensuring that, from publication, researchers worldwide have access to these research papers - all such content can be identified with an OPEN logo. However, starting October 1, 2010, all subscribed-access content will only be available through a subscribing institution. Make sure you continue receiving access to ALL content, recommend Nature Communications to your institution now. http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=137m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 ===================================================================== You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=22m=35748163r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=ODA4MDIxNjYS1mt=1rt=0 (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant). 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NATURE PHOTONICS June 2010 Volume 4 Number 6, pp 339 - 402 Visit Nature Photonics online to browse the journal. Now available at http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=8m=34927737r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=NzQ2NDQyNTES1mt=1rt=0 Please note that you need to be a subscriber to enjoy full text access to Nature Photonics online. To purchase a subscription, please visit: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=11m=34927737r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=NzQ2NDQyNTES1mt=1rt=0 Alternatively, to recommend a subscription to your library, please visit http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=148m=34927737r=NDU1MzI2NDE2MgS2b=2j=NzQ2NDQyNTES1mt=1rt=0
暗孤子工作终于得到孤子界重视了 最近的一期nature photonics上面，亮点我们的暗孤子工作。 这份工作可是波折万分，被Optics Letters拖了近半年， 拒了两次，当时感觉只能上optics communications了。幸运的是，PRA很友好的接受了我们的工作。然后又被Nature photonics亮点了，呵呵，算上石墨烯锁模被NPG亮点，这是我们第二次上NPG。 http://www.sciencenet.cn/m/user_content.aspx?id=280281 希望接下来的工作更容易展开，研究石墨烯锁模以及暗孤子的同行越来越多！也希望有更多的工作被NPG亮点，如果能发表一两篇当然是更好了。 勉励一下自己吧！在2010年，走出被 Optics Letters鄙视的阴影吧（略为统计了下，被 Optics Letters拒了7次，只中了一次 ）！ 暗孤子论文： Han Zhang , Dingyuan Tang, Luming Zhao and Wu Xuan, Dark pulse emission of a fiber laser Physical Review A , 80, 045803 (2009). Solitons Dark laser debut Phys. Rev. A80, 045803 (2009) Although lasers are well known to emit bright pulses of light, a team of researchers in Singapore have now demonstrated the exact opposite a fibre laser that emits a stream of 'dark pulses'. The erbium-doped fibre laser developed by Han Zhang and co-workers from Nanyang Technological University emits a series of intensity dips in a continuous-wave background of laser emission. The scientists attribute the phenomenon to dark-soliton shaping in the laser cavity. The laser consists of a fibre ring cavity that contains a 5 m length of erbium-doped fibre to provide optical gain and a 150 m length of dispersion compensation fibre. It also features a polarization controller, an isolator, a 50:50 output coupler and a multiplexer for injecting 1,480 nm pump light into the cavity. The researchers observed a series of dark pulses at the fundamental cavity repetition rate. They also say that by carefully controlling the pump strength and orientation of the polarization controller, the output could be reduced to a single dark pulse. Analysis suggests that the dark pulses have a hyperbolic-tangent profile and a typical pulse width of 8 ps, and are transform-limited.
Title: Atomic layer graphene as saturable absorber for ultrafast pulsed lasers The optical conductance of monolayer graphene is defined solely by the fine structure constant, = e 2 /hc (where e is the electron charge, h is Diracs constant and c is the speed of light). The absorbance has been predicted to be independent of frequency. In principle, the interband optical absorption in zero-gap graphene could be saturated readily under strong excitation due to Pauli blocking. Here, we demonstrate the use of atomic layer graphene as saturable absorber in a mode-locked fiber laser for the generation of ultrashort soliton pulses (756 fs) at the telecommunication band. The modulation depth can be tuned in a wide range from 66.5% to 6.2% by varying the thickness of graphene. Our results suggest that ultrathin graphene films are potentially useful as optical elements in fiber lasers. Graphene as a laser mode locker can have many merits such as lower saturation intensity, ultrafast recovery time, tunable modulation depth and wideband tuneability. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200901007
标签: Photonics
