《高等量子力学》课件 费因曼路径积分（11月29日课件） http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_605a02a90100mz5a.html 貌似在本科生印象中，费因曼比狄拉克更伟大，至少名气大得多。 1999年，美国人弄的十大物理学家排行榜 The top physicists of all time The Physics World faxed and e-mailed a list of seven questions to over 250 physicists around the world. In the end we received some 130 replies. 估计回邮件的都是蛋疼的，居然有30多人不投牛顿，居然把法拉第（爱因斯坦心中的前三）给投出了十大，居然费曼在狄拉克前面，玻尔取代了普朗克高居第四，呵呵。 1 Albert Einstein 1879-1955 German/Swiss/American 119/130 votes 2 Isaac Newton 1642-1727 British 96 votes 3 James Clerk Maxwell 1831-1879 British 67 votes 4 Niels Bohr 1885-1962 Danish 47 votes 5 Werner Heisenberg 1901-1976 German 30 votes 6 Galileo Galilei 1564-1642 Italian 27 votes 7 Richard Feynman 1918-1988 American 23 votes 8= Paul Dirac 1902-1984 British 22 votes 8= Erwin Schrdinger 1887-1961 Austrian 22 votes 10 Ernest Rutherford 1871-1937 New Zealander 20 votes 11= Ludwig Boltzmann 1844-1906 Austrian, Michael Faraday 1791-1867 British, Max Planck 1858-1947 German: 16 votes each http://physicsworld.com 看到这个榜，咱也给弄迷糊了，到底谁更大呢 ？
11月02日课件 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_605a02a90100m93c.html 朱子曰：问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来。 LJ译： Originality originates from the origin。 今天在课堂上用狄拉克确立的量子力学的数学体系证明了定态薛定谔方程，完事以后，想起了
狄拉克确立的量子力学的理论体系是建立在量子态的重叠原理的基础上的。对重叠原理没有深刻的认识，对量子力学就只能够当门外汉，或者槛外人了。 因为本学期南京大学研究生院、物理学院的《高等量子力学》课程由超星学术视频全程录像（公布时的名称《狄拉克量子力学原理教程》），将来要面对全世界的物理学专家，所以本人在讲授量子力学的基本原理时， 唯狄拉克马首是瞻 ，不敢自己胡言乱语。 通过多次仔细阅读狄拉克原著并与别的量子力学教材比较，深感讲清楚量子力学的基本原理是对所有教师的艰巨挑战。狄拉克本人在剑桥大学讲授量子力学课程时，干脆用朗读自己的原著来代替讲课，这当然不是成功的课堂教学行为。 有鉴于自己对我国理科教学的现状的了解，今年本人先期课程中概述了古希腊首创的科学传统（主要是爱因斯坦强调的 形式逻辑体系 ）、文化重生与科学革命（ Renaissance and scientific revolution ）时期完成的科学方法的创造与历次科学革命中的 范式转变 ( Paradigm shift ）。本人确认，没有这些前期准备，不具备 r eason、objectivity、logic 这三种主要科学品格和思维能力的基础，是不可能弄懂量子力学的。 课件地址： http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_1616511657_0_1.html 课件10月19日 量子力学没有测不准原理 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_605a02a90100lx51.html 博主十分希望与科学网的各位网友交流学习量子力学的心得，欢迎批评指正。 2010年 研究生院、物理学院双语课 《狄拉克量子力学原理教程》 授课大纲 Lecture Notes on Dirac's Principles of Quantum Mechanics Chapter One Recipe to comprehend and command Quantum Mechanics: Paradigm shifts Section 1.1 Brief history of quantum physics A. Expeimental discoveries leading to quantum mechanics B. Theoretical innovations in quantum era Section 1.2 The Scientific Method A.Definition of science as given by Einstein B.Greek philosophers ：From Thales to Aristotle C. Euclidean geometry and formal logical system D. Renaissance and scientific revolution: From Copernicus to Newton E. Descartes Method of Science: The four precepts F. The Cartesian geometry Section 1.3 Review of Classical Mechanics A. Einsteins critical review of Newtonian mechanics based on Descartes four precepts B. The Lagrangian mechanics C. The Hamiltonian mechanics Section 1.4 Paradigm and paradigm shifts in scientific revolutions A. Paradigm in science B. Paradigm shifts in scientific revolutions Section 1.5 Paradigm shifts: the recipe to comprehend and command QuantumMechanics A. Example one of paradigm shifts in quantum physics: Planck oscillator, from c-number to q-number and from visible physical space to abstract mathematical space B. Example two of paradigm shifts in quantum physics: The SternGerlach experiment and spin, paradigm of quantum measurement and Pauli matrix approach to two-level system Chapter Two Dirac's four axioms of Quantum Mechanics: Superposition, Observables, Canonical quantization and Equation of motion Section 2.1 Axiom I：Principle of superposition A. Definition of quantum states and the general principle of superposition B. Mathematical formulation of the principle C. Dirac's notation for vectors: the ket D. Dirac's introduction of inner product function and bra vectors E. The dual relationship between ket and bra Section 2.2 Axiom II：Principle of observables A. Linear operators （q-numbers） B. Operator operating on the bra vectors C. Conjugate relations D. Eigenvalues，eigenvectors and eigenspace E. The eigenvalue problem of Hermitian operators F. Axioms of observables in quantum mechanics and explanation of the Stern-Gerlach experiment Section 2.3 Axiom III：Quantization conditions A. Sequential Stern-Gerlach experiment again B. Commutability and compatibility C. Uncertainty relation D. Axiom of quantization conditions: Dirac canonical quantization E. Heisenberg uncertainty relation between x and p Section 2.4 Axiom IV：Equation of motion A. The Heisenberg equation of motion B. The Schrdinger equation of motion Chapter Three Dirac's three rules of manipulations in Quantum Mechanics: Representations, Transformations and Pictures Section 3.1 Representations of discrete eigenvalue spectra - matrix A. The basis of a linear vector space and the basis vectors B. The eigenvectors of Hermitian operators as orthonormal basis of Hilbert space C. The discrete eigenvalue spectra and the matrix representation or matrix mechanics D. Matrix (energy or Heisenberg) representation of Planck oscillator E. Matrix representation of spin one half and the Stern-Gerlach experiment again
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