导演: Marya Cohn 编剧: Marya Cohn 主演: 艾米丽·万凯普 / 迈克尔·恩奎斯特 / 大卫·卡尔 / 迈克尔·克里斯托弗 / 塔利亚·巴尔萨姆 / 更多... 类型: 剧情 制片国家/地区: 美国 语言: 英语 上映日期: 2015-06-13(洛杉矶电影节) 片长: 86分钟 IMDb链接: tt2980554 The Girl in the Book charts the journey of young woman's transformation. At the outset, Alice Harvey is a lost and self-destructive 29 year old girl unable to write, too damaged for love. When her past invades her present and forces her to confront painful memories, she shatters. Helped by her friend and a new love interest, she slowly rediscovers her creative voice and becomes capable of love. 下载地址： http://page92.ctfile.com/file/138642779
Conductance fluctuations in graphene systems: The relevance of classical dynamics Phys. Rev. B 85 , 245448 附带code 摘要： Conductance fluctuations associated with transport through quantum-dot systems are currently understood to depend on the nature of the corresponding classical dynamics, i.e., integrable or chaotic. However, we find that in graphene quantum-dot systems, when a magnetic field is present, signatures of classical dynamics can disappear and universal scaling behaviors emerge. In particular, as the Fermi energy or the magnetic flux is varied, both regular oscillations and random fluctuations in the conductance can occur, with alternating transitions between the two. By carrying out a detailed analysis of two types of integrable (hexagonal and square) and one type of chaotic (stadium) graphene dot system, we uncover a universal scaling law among the critical Fermi energy, the critical magnetic flux, and the dot size. We develop a physical theory based on the emergence of edge states and the evolution of Landau levels (as in quantum Hall effect) to understand these experimentally testable behaviors. 更多内容参见 google citation or reasearch gate: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=yC38Vb4AAAAJhl=en https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lei_Ying4
发表CNS文章如吃家常便饭的印度美国科学家-Dinshaw J. PATEL ---结构生物学的浮华 在中国，能够发表CNS文章通常会受到热捧！这种情况值得商榷，因为这关乎如何理性进行科学评价的问题。 以印裔美国科学家 Dinshaw J. PATEL为例， Dinshaw J. PATEL目前就职于Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center，是该中心的Member 和 Abby Rockefeller Mauzé冠名主任（ Abby Rockefeller Mauzé Chair in Experimental Therapeutics），2009年当选美国科学院院士，2011、2012、2014分别被复旦大学、香港科技大学、中国医学科学院等聘为“讲席”（教授） 看看他2003年到现在的发表物： Selected Publications: (2003 to present; out of over 450 papers and reviews) 2003 Ye, K., Malinina, L. Patel, D. J. (2003). Recognition of siRNA by a viral suppressor of RNA silencing.Nature 426, 874-878.2004 Ma, J-B., Ye, K. Patel, D. J. (2004). Structural basis for overhang-specific small interfering RNA recognition by the PAZ domain. Nature 429, 318-322. Malinina, L., Malakhova, M. L., Teplov, A., Brown, R. E. Patel, D. J. (2004). Structural basis for glycosphingolipid transfer specificity. Nature 430, 1048-1053. 2005 Ma, J. B., Yuan, Y. R., Meister, G., Pei, Y., Tuschl, T. Patel, D. J. (2005). Structural basis for 5’-endspecific recognition of the guide RNA strand by the A. fugidus PIWI protein. Nature 434, 666-670. Serganov, A., Keiper, S., Malinina, L., Tereschko, V., Skripkin, E., Hobartner, C., Polonskaia, A., Phan,A. T., Wombacher, R., Micura, R., Dauter, Z., Jaschke, A. Patel, D. J. (2005). Structural basis for Diels- Alder ribozyme catalyzed carbon-carbon bond formation. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 12, 218-224. Phan, A. T., Kuryavyi, V., Gaw, H. Y. Patel, D. J. (2005). Targeting anticancer drugs to a parallelstranded snapback G-quadruplex formed by five-guanine tracts of the human c-myc promotor. Nat.Chem. Biol. 1, 167-173. Yuan, Y. R., Ma, J. B., Kuryavyi, V., Pei, Y., Zhadina, M., Meister, G., Chen, H. Y., Dauter, Z., Tuschl, T. Patel, D. J. (2005). Crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus Argonaute, a site-specific DNA-guided endoribonuclease, provides insights into RISC-mediated mRNA cleavage. Mol. Cell 19, 405-419. 2006 Serganov, A., Polonskaia, A., Phan, A. T., Breaker, R. R. Patel, D. J. (2006). Structural basis for gene regulation by a riboswitch that senses thiamine pyrophosphate. Nature 441, 1167-1171. 4 Li, H., Ilin, S., Wang, W. K., Wysocka, J., Allis, C. D. Patel, D. J. (2006). Molecular basis for sitespecific readout of H3 lysine 4 trimethylation by the BPTF PHD finger. Nature 442, 91-95. Teplova, M., Yuan, Y. R., Phan, A. T., Malinina, L., Ilin, S., Teplov, A. Patel, D. J. (2006). Structural basis for recognition and sequestration of UUUOH 3’-terminii of nascent mRNA polymerase III transcripts by La autoantigen. Mol. Cell 21, 75-85. Rechkoblit, O., Malinina, L., Cheng, Y., Kuryavyi, V., Broyde, S., Geacintov, N. Patel, D. J. (2006). Stepwise translocation of Dpo4 polymerase during error-free bypass of oxoG lesion. PLoS Biology 4, 25-42. Ruthenberg, A. J., Wang, W., Graybosch, D. M., Li, H., Allis, C. D., Patel, D. J. Verdine, G. L. (2006). Histone H3 lysine 4 methylation state recognition and presentation by the WDR5 module of the MLL1 complex. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 13, 704-712. Malinina, L., Malakhova, M. L., Kanack, A. T., Brown, R. E. Patel, D. J. (2006). The liganding mode of glycolipid transfer protein is controlled by glycolipid acyl structure. PLoS Biology 4, 1996-2011. Taverna, S. D., Illin, S., Rogers, R. S., Tanny, J. C., Lavender, H., Li, H., Baker, L., Boyle, J., Blair, L. P., Chait, B., Patel, D. J., Aitchison, J. D., Tackett, A. J. Allis, C. D. (2006). Yng1 PHD finger binding to H3 trimethylated at K4 targets promotes NuA3 HAT activity at K14 of H3 and transcription at a subset of targeted ORFs. Mol. Cell 24, 785-796. Zhang, X., Yuan, Y-R., Pei, Y., Tuschl, T., Patel, D. J. Chua, N-H. (2006). Cucumber mosaic virusencoded 2b suppressor inhibits Arabidopsis AGO1 cleavage activity to counter plant defense. Genes Dev. 20, 3255-3268. 2007 Serganov, A. Patel, D. J. (2007). Ribozymes and riboswitches: beyond simple RNA. Nat. Rev. Genetics 8, 776-790. Ruthenburg, A. J., Li, H., Patel, D. J. Allis, C. D. (2007). Multivalent engagement of chromatin modifications by linked binding modules. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8, 983-994. Bailor, M. H., Musselman, C., Hansen, A. L., Gulati, K., Patel, D. J. Al-Hashimi, H. M. (2007). Characterizing the relative orientation and dynamics of RNA A-form helices using NMR residual dipolar couplings. Nat. Protocols 2, 1536-1546. Li, H., Wang, W. K., Fischle, W., Duncan, E. M., Liang, L., Allis, C. D. Patel, D. J. (2007). Structural basis for lower lysine methylation state-specific readout by MBT repeats and an engineered PHD finger module. Mol. Cell 28, 677-691. Taverna, S. D., Li, H., Ruthenburg, A. J., Allis, C. D. Patel, D. J. (2007). How chromatin-binding modules interpret histone modifications: Lessons from professional pocket pickers. Nat. Struct. Mol.Biol. 14, 1025-1040. 2008 Serganov, A., Huang, L. Patel, D. J. (2008). Structural insights into amino acid binding and gene control by a lysine riboswitch. Nature 455, 1263-1267. Wang, Y., Sheng, G., Juranek, S., Tuschl, T. Patel, D. J. (2008a). Structure of the guide-strandcontaining Argonaute silencing complex. Nature 456, 209-213. Wang, Y., Li, H., Juranek, S., Sheng, G., Tuschl, T. Patel, D. J. (2008b). Structure of an argonaute silencing complex with a seed-containing guide DNA and target RNA duplex. Nature 456, 921-926. Teplova, M. Patel, D. J. (2008). Structural insights into RNA recognition by the alternate splicing regulator muscleblind like MBNL1. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15, 1343-1351. 2009 5 Xiao, A., Li, H., Shechter, D., Ahn, S. H., Fabrizio, L., Erajument-Bromage, H., Murakami-Ishibe, S., Wang, B., Tempst, P., Hofmann, K., Patel, D. J., Elledge, S. J. Allis, C. D. (2009). WSTF regulates the DNA damage response of H2A.X via a novel tyrosine kinase activity. Nature 457, 57-62. Serganov, A., Huang, L. Patel, D. J. (2009). Coenzyme recognition and gene regulation by a FMN riboswitch. Nature 458, 233-237. Wang, G. G., Song, J., Wang, Z., Dormann, H. L., Casadio, F., Luo, J., Patel, D. J. Allis, C. D. (2009). Haematopoietic malignancies initiated by dysregulation of a chromatin-binding PHD finger. Nature 459, 847-851. Wang, Y., Juranek, S., Li, H., Sheng, G., Wardle, G. S., Tuschl, T. Patel, D. J. (2009). Nucleation, propagation and cleavage of target RNAs in argonaute silencing complexes. Nature 461, 754-761. Zhao, Q., Rank, G., Tan, Y. T., Li, H., Moritz, R. L., Simpson, R. J., Cerruti, L., Curtis, D. J., Patel, D. J., Allis, C. D., Cunningham, J. M. Jane, S. M. (2009). PRMT5-mediated methylation of histone H4R3 recruits DNMT3A coupling histone and DNA methylation in gene silencing. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 16, 304-311. Li, H., Motamedi, M., Yip, C. K., Wang, Z., Waql, T., Patel, D. J. Moazed, D. (2009), An alpha motif of Tas3 C-terminus mediated RITS cis-spreading and promotes heterochromatin gene silencing. Mol. Cell 34, 155-167. 2010 Wang, Z., Song, J., Milne, T. A., Wang, G. G., Li, H., Allis, C. D. Patel, D. J. (2010). Pro isomerization in MLL1 PHD3-Bromo cassette connects H3K4me3 readout to CyP33 and HDAC-mediated repression. Cell 141, 1183-1194. Tsai, W-W., Wang, Z., Yiu, T. T., Akdemir, K. C., Xia, W., Winter, S., Tsai, C-Y., Shi, X., Schwarzer, D., Plunkett, W., Aronow, B., Gozani, O., Fischle, W., Hung, M. C., Patel, D. J. Barton, M. C. (2010). TRIM24 links recognition of a non-canonical histone signature to breast cancer. Nature 468, 927-932. Rechkoblit, O., Kolbanovskiy, A., Malinina, L., Geacintov, N. E., Broyde, S. Patel, D. J. (2010). Y-family polymerase-facilitated mechanism of error-free bypass and semi-targeted mutagenic processing of an aromatic amine lesion. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17, 379-388. Wang, Y., Ludwig, J., Sheng, G., Juranek, S., Micura, R., Tuschl, T., Hartmann, G. Patel, D. J. (2010). Structural and functional insights into 5’-ppp-dsRNA pattern recognition by the innate immune receptor RIG-I. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 17, 781-787. Huang, L., Serganov, A. Patel, D. J. (2010). Structural insights into ligand recognition by a sensing domain of the cooperative glycine riboswitch. Mol. Cell 40, 774-786. 2011 Song, J., Rechkoblit, O., Bestor, T. H. Patel, D. J. (2011). Structure of DNMT1-DNA complex reveals a role for autoinhibition in maintenance DNA methylation. Science 331, 1036-1040. Ruthenburg, A., Li, H., Milne, T., Dou, Y., McGinty, R. K., Yuen, M., Muir, T. W., Patel, D. J. Allis, C. D. (2011). Recognition of a mononucleosomal histone modification pattern by BPTF via multivalent interactions. Cell 145, 692-706. Weinberg, D., Nakanishi, K., Patel, D. J. Bartel, D. P. (2011). The inside-out mechanism of Dicers from budding yeasts. Cell 146, 262-276. Xi, Q., Wang, Z., Zaromytidou, A., Zhang, X. H., Chow-Tsang, L-F., Liu, J. X., Kim, H., Monova- Todorova, K., Kaartinen, V., Studer, L., Mark, W., Patel, D. J. Massague, J. (2011). A poised chromatin platform for Smad access to master regulators. Cell 147, 1511-1524. Park, J. E., Heo, I., Tian, Y., Shimanshu, D., Chang, H., Jee, D., Patel, D. J. Kim, V. N. (2011). Dicer recognizes the 5’-end of RNA for efficient and accurate cleavage. Nature 475, 201-205. 6 Pikovskaya, O., Polonskkaya, A., Patel, D. J. Serganov, A. (2011). Structural principles of nucleoside selectivity in a 2’-deoxyguanosine. Nat. Chem. Biol. 7, 748-755. Rajakumara, E., Wang, Z., Ma, H., Hu, L., Chen, H., Lin, Y., Guo R., Wu, F., Li, H., Lan, F., Shi, Y., Xu, Y., Patel, D. J. Shi, Y. (2011a). PHD finger recognition of unmodified histone H3R2 links UHRF1 to regulation of euchromatic gene expression. Mol Cell 43, 275-284. Rajakumara, E., Law, J. A., Shimanshu, D. K., Voigt, P., Johnson, L. M., Reinberg, D., Patel, D. J. Jacobsen, S. E. (2011b). A dual flip out mechanism for 5mC recognition by the Arabidopsis SUVH5 SRA domain and its impact on DNA methylation and H3K9 dimethylation in vivo. Genes Dev. 25, 137-152. Tian, Y., Simanshu, D. K., Ascano, M., Daiz-Avalos, R., Park, A. Y., Juranek, S. A., Rice, W. J., Yin, Q., Robinson, C. C., Tuechl, T. Patel, D. J. (2011). Multimeric assembly and biochemical characterization of the Trax-translin endonuclease complex. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 18, 658-664. Iwase, S., Xiang, B., Ghosh, S., Ren, T., Lewis, P. W., Cochrane, J. C., Allis, C. D., Picketts, D. J., Patel, D. J., Li, H. Shi, Y. (2011). ATRX links atypical histone methylation recognition mechanisms to human mental retardation syndrome. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 18, 769-776. Phan, A. T., Kuryavyi, V., Darnell, J. C., Serganov, A., Majumdar, A., Raslin, T., Polonskaia, A., Chen, C., Clain, D., Darnell, R. B. Patel, D. J. (2011). Structure-function studies of FMRP RGG peptide recognition of an RNA duplex-quadruplex junction. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 18, 796-804. Teplova, M., Wohlbold, L., Kim, N. Y., Izaurralde, E. Patel, D. J. (2011). Structure-function studies of nucleocytoplasmic transport of retroviral genomic RNA by mRNA export factor TAP. Nat. Struct. Mol.Biol. 18, 990-998. 2012 Song, J., Teplova, M., Ishibe-Murakami, S. Patel, D. J. (2012). Structural principles underlying DNMT1- mediated DNA methylation. Science 335, 709-712. Kuo, A. J., Song, J., Cheung, P., Ishibe-Murakami, S., Yamazoe, S., Chen, J., Patel, D. J. Gozani, O. (2012). ORC1 BAH domain links dimethylation of H4K20 to DNA replication licensing and Meier-Gorlin syndrome. Nature 484, 115-119. Ren, A., Rajashankar, K. Patel, D. J. (2012). Structure of the fluoride riboswitch reveals F- ion encapsulation by Mg2+ ions and RNA phosphates. Nature 486, 85-89. Nakanishi, K., Weinberg, D. E., Bartel, D. P. Patel, D. J. (2012). Structure of yeast Argonaute with guide RNA. Nature 486, 368-374. Kruidenier, L., Chung, C., Cheng, Z., Liddle, J., Bantscheff, M., Bountra, C., Bridges, A., Che, K., Diallo, H., Eberhard, D., Hutchinson, S., Joberty, G., Jones, E., Katso, R., Leveridge, M., Mosley, J., Rowland, P., Ramirez-Molina, C., Schofield, C. J., Sheppard, R., Smith, J. E., Swales, C., Tanner, R., Thomas, P., Tumber, A., Drewes, G., Oppermann, U., Patel, D. J., Lee, K., Wilson, W. (2012). A selective H3K27 demethylase inhibitor modulates the proinflammatory macrophage response. Nature 488, 404-408. Du, J., Zhong, X., Barnatavichute, Y. V., Stroud, H., Feng, S., Caro, E., Vashisht, A. A., Terragni, J., Tu, J., Hetzel, J., Wohlschlegel, J. A., Pradhan, S., Patel, D. J. Jacobsen, S. E. (2012). Dual binding of chromomethylase BAH and chromo domains to H3K9me2-containing nucleosomes in the targeting of DNA methylation. Cell 157, 167-180. Elsasser, S. J., Huang, H., Lewis, P. W., Allis, C. D. Patel, D. J. (2012). DAXX histone chaperone envelops an H3.3/H4 dimer for H3.3-specific recognition. Nature 491, 560-565. 2013 Oh, Y-S., Gao, P., Lee, K., Ceglia, I., Zhang, X., Ahn, J-H., Chait, B. T., Patel, D. J., Kim, Y. Greengard, P. (2013). SMARCA3, a chromatin remodeling factor, is required for p11-dependent antidepressant action. Cell 152, 841-843. 7 Gao, P., Ascano, M., Wu, Y., Barchet, W., Gaffney, B. L., Zillinger, T., Serganov, A., Jones, R. A., Hartmann, G., Tuschl, T. and Patel, D. J. (2013a). Cyclic is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase. Cell 153, 1094-1107. Gao, P., Ascano, M., Zillinger, T., Wang, Y., Dai, P., Serganov, A. A., Gaffney, B. L., Shuman, S., Jones, R., Deng, L., Hartmann, G., Barchet, W., Tuschl, T. and Patel, D.J. (2013b). Structure-function analysis of STING activation by c and targeting by DMXAA. Cell 154, 748-762. Shen, J., Xia, Y., Khotskaya, Y. B., Huo, L., Nakanishi, K., Lim, S-O., Du, Y., Wang, Y., Chang, W-C., Chen, C-H., Hsu, J. L., Lam, Y. C., James, B. P., Liu, C-G., Liu, X., Patel, D. J. Hung, M. C. (2013). EGFR modulates miRNA maturation in response to hypoxia through phosphorylation of Ago2. Nature 497, 383-387. Law, J. A., Du, J., Hale, C. J., Feng, S., Krajewski, K., Strahl, B. D., Patel, D. J. Jacobsen, S. E. (2013). Polymerase IV occupancy at RNA-directed DNA methylation sites requires SHH1. Nature 498, 385-389. Sun, X-J., Wang, Z., Wang, L., Jiang, Y., Chen, W-Y., Melnick, A., Patel, D. J., Nimer, S. D. Roeder, R. G. (2013). A stable transcription factor complex nucleated by dimeric AML1-ETO controls leukemogenesis. Nature 500, 93-97. Simanshu, D. K., Kamlekar, R. K., Wijesinghe, D. S., Zou, X., Zhai, X., Mishra, S. K., Molotkovsky, J. G., Malinina, L., Hincliffe, E. H., Chalfant, C. E., Brown, R. E. Patel, D. J. (2013a). Nonvesicular trafficking by ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein regulates eicosanoid production. Nature 500, 463-467. Patel, D. J. and Wang, Z. (2013). A structural perspective of readout of epigenetic posttranslational modifications. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 82, 81-118. Dai, Q., Ren, A., Westholm, J. O., Serganov, A., Patel, D. J. Lai, E. C. (2013). The BEN domain is a novel sequence-specific DNA binding domain conserved in neural transcriptional repressors. Genes Dev. 27, 602-614. Teplova, M., Hafner, M., Teplov, D., Essig, K., Tuschl, T. and Patel, D. J. (2013). Structure-function studies of STAR family Quaking proteins bound to their in vivo RNA target sites. Genes Dev. 27, 928- 940. Cai, L., Rothbart, S. B., Lu, R., Xu, B., Tripathy, A., Chen, W-Y., Zheng, D., Patel, D. J., Allis, C. D., Strahl, B. D., Song, J. Wang, G. (2013). An H3K36me3-containing Tudor motif of polycomb-like proteins mediates PRC2 complex targeting. Mol. Cell 49, 571-582. Simanshu, D. K., Yamaguchi, Y., Park, J-H., Inouye, M. and Patel, D. J. (2013b). Structural insights into mRNA recognition by toxin MazF and its regulation by antitoxin MazE in B. subtilis. Mol. Cell 52, 447- 458. Nakanishi, K., Ascano, M., Gogakos, T., Ishibi-Murakami, S., Serganov, A. A., Briskin, D., Morozov, P., Tuschl, T. and Patel, D. J. (2013). Eukaryote-specific insertion elements control human ARGONAUTE slicer activity. Cell Reports 3, 1893-1900. 2014 Johnson, L. M., Du, J., Chodavarapu, R. K., Feng, S., Zhong, X., Hale, C. J., Marson, G., Segal, D. J., Pellergrini, M., Patel, D. J. and Jacobsen, S. E. (2014). SRA/SET domain proteins link RNA polymerase V binding to DNA methylation. Nature in press. Swarts, D. C., Jore, M. M., Westra, E. R., Zhu, Y., Janssen, J. H., Wang, Y., Patel, D. J., Berenguer, J., Brouns, S. J. and van der Oost, J. (2014). DNA-guided DNA interference by prokaryotic Argonaute. Nature in press. Noh, K. M., Wang, H., Jiang, Y., Wenderski, W., Li, C., Dewell, S., Zheng, D., Melnick, A, Patel, D. J., Li, H. and Allis, C. D. (2014). Engineered Dnmt3a reveals a critical role of epigenetic organization at CpG islands. Nature under revision. 26篇Nature文章，2004-2014区区十年，2.6篇Nature/年！其他的Nature子刊，Science和Cell等等还不算！ 这对于追捧CNS的中国科学界，这是不是会被热捧为“天人”？ 他现在实验室的主要研究人员基本上全是中国人。估计这些中国人回国后，会对中国科学界带来更为深重的“灾难”，如果一如既往，赢者通吃，那么试看将来的中国科学，必将是晶体学-X射线衍射-结构生物学的天下！清华同仁会不会有紧迫感？
This is the sixth instalment in a series of online-only Roundtables. This new content form from the Crimson Editorial Board seeks to present a diverse array of high-quality student opinions on thought-provoking issues. If you would like to submit an opinion for this week's Roundtable topic "What was Hugo Chavez’s most significant contribution?" please e-mail your 200-300 word opinion to hpickerell@college.harvard.edu before Wednesday, March 6th at 11pm. It’s Our Fault Frankly, I was not exactly surprised to discover that about half of my classmates in the now infamous Government 1310 were being accused of violating the College’s policies on academic integrity. Although I sincerely sympathize with those individuals who were falsely accused, I do not think that the University is entirely at fault here. To directly answer the question, no, Harvard does not place enough value on education. Although institutional change at the top maybe necessary, I would argue that the root of the problem truly lies with the student body itself. The scandal in Government 1310 last spring is not the first time a widespread cheating has occurred on campus, nor will it be the last. This problem is not caused by the Harvard faculty’s supposed apathy for undergraduate education, nor it is only a matter of institutional flaws within the system. Quite bluntly, the answer is human nature. Unfortunately for many students, academics is simply not regarded as a worthy pursuit or a high priority and, as a result, students will choose to spend less time finishing their problem sets and completing their readings to make gains in the other areas in their life. Of course, those who are passionate about their field of study can invest most of their time in their academic pursuits; the problem is that many students do not. The vast majority of college students, not only those at Harvard, want to have everything: leadership positions, good grades, a prestigious internship, a vibrant social life, etc. without having to make the necessary personal sacrifices to reach those goals. Instead, some may turn to cutting corners and “collaborating” with others to finish their work on time, for as long as they get the grade they want, nothing else matters. Yes, the university should attempt to evaluate not only faculty members’ contribution to academia, but also how well they perform in the classroom. Nevertheless, there is nothing the university can to do to help students from acting in their self-interest. Timothy Tsai ’14 is a government concentrator in Leverett House. He is the former Director of the Inter-Collegiate Model United Nations Team. Opportunities Outside Academics Prove Fruitful As a graduating senior concentrating in Government with a secondary in Economics, I have enrolled in classes that have run the gamut from academically intense to those considered “joke” courses. I confess that I am guilty of having enrolled in several courses not out of rapt interest in the topic, but in an effort to balance out the substantial workload of extracurricular activities. Although, in my experience, Harvard has not placed enough value on academics, it is only because the University offers experiences that go far beyond the classroom. From connections to internships across the globe, to opportunities to manage and run conferences for thousands of attendees, Harvard’s vast resources for its students serve as much value as its classes in educating the next generation of working adults. Undoubtedly, the academic reputation of Harvard contributes to the existence of these opportunities. However, having a schedule comprised entirely of academically rigorous classes would limit the ability of many students to take full advantage of Harvard’s extracurricular learning opportunities. We are students, but our role is not only to study—but it is also to learn, and Harvard offers extraordinary resources outside of academics to do so. Charlene Wong ’13 is a government concentrator in Currier House. She is the Secretary General of World Model United Nations. A Necessary Balancing Act Whether Harvard places enough value on academics is an irrelevant question that neglects to address exactly how Harvard students and professors navigate their commitments on campus. Now, the real issue here is a question of balance. Both students and professors maintain a fragile balance between two primary activities. Students divide their time between academic coursework and extracurricular engagements, which include jobs, internships, and fellowship hunting. Professors divide their time between teaching and research. The primary complaint implied by the supposed fall of academics at Harvard is thus twofold: First, students do not pay enough attention to their academic coursework, instead overcommitting to extracurricular engagements, including pre-professional concerns. Second, professors do not pay enough attention to their teaching, instead overcommitting to their respective research agendas. Reality check: It is impossible for anyone to dictate exactly how anyone else should spend his time. It is also almost impossible to produce the kind of cultural change beckoned by this ongoing lament for the fall of academics. And not just that—it is absolutely necessary that students and professors sustain this double life of competing professional and personal interests. Among the primary benefits and salvations of studying at a research university is that you do not simply take a class with a professor who knows a lot about something and can teach it to you. You’re taking a class with someone who is also actively shaping and driving the future of that field. We cannot simply ask that professors teach more and research less, since it is their research commitments that make Harvard the academic powerhouse that it is. And more—what makes Harvard’s undergraduate culture so intense and chaotic is that we must uphold our own double lives: taking classes and leading organizations, producing plays, founding start-ups, and the rest. Harvard is boot camp, and it is boot camp precisely because we, for whatever reason, require ourselves to do everything and be everywhere at the same time. Of course, some will devote their lives to schoolwork (especially those for whom this work is actually pre-professional). Others would not take any assignment seriously if it meant more time to work on their pet projects. To each his own: If anything, Harvard’s undergraduate and professional culture appears to be encapsulated by this attitude. Nicholas Rinehart ’14, a Crimson arts editor, is a literature concentrator in Lowell House. Where Has All the Academics Gone? Academic rigor, as of late, seems to be sliding downwards at Harvard. Many students who emerge from this institution cannot confidently name themselves as “scholars” and “academics,” but as “pre-professionals,” despite all the rhetoric of the liberal arts curriculum. Our conversations tend to be less deep and academically focused than they might be—perhaps this is a reaction to the stresses of a busy undergraduate career packed with extracurricular activities. Therein may lie another problem. In my experience, debates over politics, philosophy, and intellectual issues appear to be on a downward trend and students are no longer focused solely on academics, choosing to also split their energies on sports, organizations, and other activities. Harvard, as of late, is doing little to stymie this decline in intellectual curiosity, using grade inflation to boost contentment with minimal levels of effort in the classroom. Although it is true that time spent in classes and on coursework varies differently among our many concentrations, in general, it seems like students are spending less time in libraries, looking up supplementary resources, and engaging in academic dialogue. This is, of course, not to say we have lost all respect for academics, but that the culture at Harvard has shifted quite markedly from where its focus should be: academics. We have over 400 official student organizations and each student boasts a leadership position of sorts, using these titles to pad resumes for life after college. But Harvard should stress that students should continue their love of learning and that there is no shame in the pursuit of garnering arcane knowledge and obscure facts. Although it is true that the world is changing and becoming more competitive and that extracurricular activities do provide outlets for application of academia and networking opportunities, Harvard should move towards again standing, first and foremost, firmly and proudly behind academia. Kathy Wang ’14 is a government concentrator in Pforzheimer House. “Learning for Learning’s Sake” Is the Privilege of the Few Society tells us that education is an investment in our future. And not just ours—after all, “human capital” increases growth for the economy as a whole. Like any investor, we students, and our parents, expect a return. The majority of students here, for whom entering the middle class or at least remaining in it is not a guarantee bequeathed to them, naturally expect those returns to be denominated in dollars. Truly, as long as we as a society view education as an economic good or a commodity, only those who have enough other commodities to begin with will rationally use their education for something as, unfortunately, economically worthless as “learning for learning’s sake.” Although Harvard’s financial aid program has succeeded in allowing students of nearly all socioeconomic backgrounds to attend this university, we cannot pretend that the demands on all these students once they get here are the same. Some have to work two, three jobs just to pay for such luxuries as cell phone service or detergent, not to mention a meal in the square once in a while. Even those students whose families can afford to pay for these basics are expected to graduate with an income to support not only themselves but eventually their families, who are often breaking the bank to send them here. “Academics,” as distinguished from merely getting good grades, good recommendations, and other resume-padding accomplishments, can only ever be the top priority for students insulated from these economic pressures. And that is very few of us. As if these individual circumstances were not enough to force us to make education a means, not an end, society too promotes the narrative of education as economic necessity. President Obama frequently touts the economic importance of higher education in the globalized economy, where “skills” earn a growing premium. Politicians like Governor Rick Scott of Florida propose giving more financial aid to students in science, math, engineering, and technology fields—providing an economic incentive to study what will earn you more money and better the economy regardless of your academic interests. The common scorn against “useless” liberal arts degrees reflects a larger social value: Education should be directed toward immediate, monetary benefits, not such worthless tasks as, say, thinking critically about the world in which we live. Academics, not just in the humanities but all theoretical fields, are by definition distinct from the pragmatic, not tied down by the material here and now. Academics are transcendent. Students attend college, Harvard especially, to gain access to the material world, to get at least a modest return on their significant monetary investment. Professors are here to help us do that—just look at grade inflation, which makes us more likely to get jobs and them more likely to keep theirs. And Harvard cannot hate the reputation, not to mention the donations, that comes with producing the most billionaires of any school in the world. No, Harvard does not place enough value on academics. The students do not, the professors do not, and the administration does not. Why would they? Daniel E. Backman ’15 is a social studies concentrator in Mather House. 原文见 http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/3/8/Roundtable-academics/
任胜利 老师的科技写作 (103) ：时态的使用要妥当 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=38899do=blogid=656933cid=2437830 I left a comment at Ren lao shi’s Blog, and received this homework assignment. I don’t know if I can do a better job than his book, but let me try to add my two cents. (Why me? I was a researcher who wrote papers in English, and I am a freelance English editor who edits about 150 research papers each year.) First, I am a numerical modeler. So when I am ready to write a paper, I have done most of the numerical experiments already. 1. Introduction In the introduction, we often need to cite many publications. Our rules are: 1) use the past tense when a sentence starts with a publication; For example: Ren et al. (2012) noted a dramatic increase in publication by Chinese authors in SCI journals during the 2000s, thanks in part to the cash reward and promotion criteria set by the (Chinese) system. (Sorry, I made up this sentence, and this Ren is not any Ren lao shi at SciNet.) Note that even though the publication is recent, I still use the past tense, “noted.” Note also that I have no authority to make you follow this rule, but from now on you should pay attention to what your colleagues do when you read their papers. 2) use the present tense for a result/fact that remains true today, even though the result/fact was obtained 100 years ago. For example: The Gulf Stream is the most powerful western boundary current on Earth, which was discovered and confirmed by sailors and scientists hundred years ago. 3) use both mixed (say past and present) tenses in one sentence. If you don’t like the sentence I made up in 2), here is one from Wikipedia: European discovery of the Gulf Stream dates to the 1513 expedition of Juan Ponce de León , after which it became widely used by Spanish ships sailing from the Caribbean to Spain. 2. Methodology To describe the methods and data sets used in the paper, we use the present tense. For example: We use the WOA (World Ocean Atlas) data as initial conditions for our experiments. We use satellite data to validate model’s phytoplankton field in the surface layer. 3. Results We use the present tense to describe all our (finished) experiments. If you prefer to use the past tense, it is fine as long as you do so consistently. Do not switch from the past tense to the present tense randomly. 4) Discussion and Conclusion We tend to use the present perfect tense, such as “We have shown,” but again one can use the past tense or the present tense. Just be consistent. I hope this helps. ps. You may al so want to che ck this out: Scientific Writing for Beginners (1)-(8) by Zuojun Yu using this link: http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=306792do=blogid=432195
The species H2O2 always occurs at the front of the flame, while OH appears at the post flame region. H2 is present almost throughout the progress variable space. The maximum reaction rate occurs at high progress variable, i.e. at the rear of the flame front. fig
The PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge Workshop20117th November 2011, ICCV 2011 , Barcelona, Spain Introduction This workshop will present and discuss the results of the PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge (VOC2011) . The challenge has three main competitions, one testing image classification ("does the image contain an instance of this class?"), one testing object detection ("provide a bounding box for each instance of the class, if any"), and one evaluating object segmentation at the pixel level. In addition there are three 'taster' competitions, on person layout ("where are this person's head, hands and feet?"), still-image action classification ("is this person running/playing an instrument, etc.?"), and large scale recognition using ImageNet. Full details of the challenge. Venue The workshop will be held on 7th November 2011, in association with ICCV 2011 . Further details of the venue can be found on the ICCV website . Prizes The following prizes were announced at the workshop: Classification Winner: NUSPSL_CTX_GPM Chen Qiang 1 , Song Zheng 1 , Yan Shuicheng 1 , Hua Yang 2 , Huang Zhongyang 2 , Shen Shengmei 2 1 National University of Singapore; 2 Panasonic Singapore Laboratories Honourable Mentions: NLPR_SS_VW_PLS Yinan Yu, Junge Zhang, Yongzhen Huang, Weiqiang Ren, Chong Wang, Jinchen Wu, Kaiqi Huang, Tieniu Tan National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences UVA_MOSTTELLING Jasper Uijlings, Koen van de Sande, Arnold Smeulders, Theo Gevers, Nicu Sebe, Cees Snoek University of Amsterdam; University of Trento Detection Joint Winners: NLPR_DD_DC Junge Zhang, Yinan Yu, Yongzhen Huang, Chong Wang, Weiqiang Ren, Jinchen Wu, Kaiqi Huang, Tieniu Tan National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences NYUUCLA_HIERARCHY Yuanhao Chen, Li Wan, Long Zhu, Rob Fergus, Alan Yuille NYU, UCLA Honourable Mention: CORNELL_ISVM_VIEWPOINT Joshua Schwartz, Noah Snavely, Daniel Huttenlocher Cornell University Segmentation Winner: BONN_SVR_SEGM/BONN_FGT_SEGM Joao Carreira 1 , Adrian Ion 2 , Fuxin Li 3 , Cristian Sminchisescu 1 1 University of Bonn, 2 Vienna University of Technology, 3 Georgia Institute of Technology Honourable Mention: BERKELEY_REGION_CLASSIFY Pablo Arbelaez, Bharath Hariharan, Saurabh Gupta, Chunhui Gu, Lubomir Bourdev, Jitendra Malik University of California, Berkeley Person Layout Winner: OXFORD_RANK_SLACK_BRF Arpit Mittal, Matthew Blaschko, Andrew Zisserman, Manuel J Marin, Phil Torr University of Oxford, Oxford Brookes University Action Classification Winner: STANFORD_RF_DENSEFTR_SVM Bangpeng Yao, Aditya Khosla, Li Fei-Fei Stanford University Runners-up: CAENLEAR_HOBJ_DSAL Gaurav Sharma, Alessandro Prest, Frederic Jurie, Vittorio Ferrari, Cordelia Schmid University of Caen, INRIA LEAR NUDT_CONTEXT/NUDT_LL_SEMANTIC Li Zhou, Dewen Hu, Zongtan Zhou National University of Defense Technology, China Programme 09:00 - 09:20 Overview and results of the classification challenge Mark Everingham University of Leeds 09:20 - 09:40 Classification methods The Most Telling Window for Image Classification Jasper Uijlings 2 , Koen van de Sande 1 , Arnold Smeulders 1 , Theo Gevers 1 , Nicu Sebe 2 , Cees Snoek 1 1 University of Amsterdam, Netherlands; 2 University of Trento, Italy NB: This is unpublished work. Please contact the authors if you plan to make use of any of the ideas presented. 09:40 - 10:00 Overview and results of the detection challenge Mark Everingham University of Leeds 10:00 - 10:20 Detection methods Object Detection based on Data Decomposition, Spatial Mixture Modeling and Context Junge Zhang , Yinan Yu, Yongzhen Huang, Chong Wang, Weiqiang Ren, Jinchen Wu, Kaiqi Huang, Tieniu Tan National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences NB: This is unpublished work. Please contact the authors if you plan to make use of any of the ideas presented. 10:20 - 11:00 Break 11:00 - 11:20 Overview and results of the segmentation challenge Mark Everingham University of Leeds 11:20 - 11:40 Segmentation methods Object Recognition by Sequential CPMC Segment Ranking Joao Carreira , Fuxin Li, Cristian Sminchisescu University of Bonn 11:40 - 11:50 Overview, results and methods of the person layout taster challenge Mark Everingham University of Leeds 11:50 - 12:10 Overview and results of the action classification taster challenge Mark Everingham University of Leeds 12:10 - 12:30 Action classification methods Action Classification: An Integration of Randomization and Discrimination in A Dense Feature Representation Bangpeng Yao , Aditya Khosla, Li Fei-Fei Stanford University 12:30 - 14:30 Lunch ILSVRC2011 challenge workshop More information available at the ILSVRC2011 website 14:30 - 15:45 Introduction of Large Scale Visual Recognition Competition Alex Berg Stony Brook University 15:45 - 16:05 Classification Winner Florent Perronin Xerox Research Center Europe 16:10 - 16:30 Detection Winner Koen van de Sande University of Amsterdam University of Trento 16:35 - Discussion and planning for next year Organizers Mark Everingham (University of Leeds), m.everingham@leeds.ac.uk Luc van Gool (ETHZ, Zurich) Chris Williams (University of Edinburgh) John Winn (Microsoft Research Cambridge) Andrew Zisserman (University of Oxford) SupportThe preparation and running of this challenge is supported by the EU-funded PASCAL2 Network of Excellence on Pattern Analysis, Statistical Modelling and Computational Learning.
Nature Immunology and HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology are pleased to present: HudsonAlpha — Nature Conference on Immunogenomics October 1-3, 2012, The Jackson Center, Huntsville, AL, USA http://www.nature.com/natureconferences/haig2012/index.html?WT.i_dcsvid=9068556-MjUzMjg4NDkyNjMS1WT.ec_id=MARKETING
REPORT A Toward a Universal Understanding of the Scaling Laws in Human and Animal Mobility This paper attempts to present a universal understanding of the laws of human and animal mobility. In this attempt, the paper more or less fails. I am not convinced that it is an adequate universal explanation. However, I found the paper quite fascinating for a number of reasons, and highly recommend publication in EPL, provided some changes are made (see below). The use of the Shannon entropy to study random searches, for example, is very interesting. The main results are also very interesting. 文章地址 http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/1008/1008.4394v3.pdf
自动I/O数字读入系统 中島翔太， 北園優希，陸慧敏，張力峰，芹川聖一 Recently, measuring instruments that automatically record measurement values by using the communication function of PC and RS232C have been widely used. However, there are a lot of measuring instruments that cannot communicate with an external instrument at present. Also, the ones that have the communication function are very expensive. The system that reads the instruction value from the image is by taking a picture of the measuring instrument with a camera. However, because the specification of the target measuring instrument has been limited, versatility of this system is low. Therefore,this paper proposes a strong numerical recognition system that doesn't depend on the model of a digital measuring instrument. The experiments showed that the proposed method has the characteristics of fast speed, efficiency and strong anti-interference. 2-a numeric reading system for digital meter without IO interface.pdf
文/杨书卷 “万能”于人，有着不可抵挡的诱惑之力，因为它代表着一张可以轻而易举地穿越各种迷宫的“通行证”。近日，科学家们就为机器翻译找到了这样一种“万能”工具：它不但能翻译各种语言，甚至能破译海豚音和“外星人语言”！ 近10年来，机器翻译的能力一路突飞猛进，但是许多缺陷依然存在。尤其是，当是同一个系统的语言比如英语和法语时，因规则相近而较好翻译，但不同的语言系统就会遭遇更多的准确性困难，例如英文与中文。“The buck does funny things when the does are present”，参考的正确译文应是“当母鹿在场时，公鹿总是表现得滑稽”，但著名的谷歌网站的机器译文却是令人崩溃的“并不奇怪的事情降压时不在场”。 而且，现代机器翻译的基础是“自我学习”，得有大海一样的文本材料供其“反复练习”。但是世界上有4000种语言，大部分语言是不常用的，没有那么多的学习文本，又如何翻译这样的语言呢？ 6月19日在美国俄勒冈举行的计算机语言学年会上，美国南加州大学的计算机科学家Ravi独辟蹊径，提交了一种全新的机器翻译方法：“解码外语”。他把英语视为一种初始语言，利用军事中的密码学，通过规则解码破译，按照一定的算法进行转换，并通过不断调整，得出最佳的翻译结果。由于计算机的翻译是“解码过程”而非“自我学习过程”，计算机不需要背负大量的文本资料来“学习语言”，而是像军事家一样“破译”一种新的语言，因此翻译过程是轻装上阵，更加干净利落。 特别是，“解码外语”可以将其运用到任何一种语言中，给机器翻译打开了一条新的思路。因为不需要任何既有的文本为基础，这种翻译方法还可以对非人类的动物语言如“海豚音”进行翻译，甚至可以对我们至今闻所未闻的“外星人语言”进行破译，虽然这种翻译方法目前只能翻译一些短句，尚未运用到长句或片段翻译中，但它所开辟的“万能”翻译之路就已经令人兴奋不已了（6月27日《新京报》）。 而被称为“万能细胞”的诱导多功能干细胞（iPS），也正行进在“自我证明”的路途中。 2007年，日本东京大学的科学家山中伸弥首次利用病毒载体将4个转录因子（也合称为“山中基因”）的组合转入体细胞中，得到了类似胚胎干细胞的一种细胞类型——诱导多功能干细胞iPS，使其可以变成任何类型细胞的“万能细胞”，在干细胞研究领域激起了巨大波澜，之后，iPS的发展就是一路高歌，相关研究层出不穷。但最近数月以来，iPS的发展却遭遇不和谐之音：iPS细胞重组的效率可能很低，或许还会诱发基因变异，尤其是培育各种细胞或组织时，癌变几率较高，其安全性能受到质疑。 令人欣慰的是，一则好消息开始传来，山中伸弥教授领导的研究团队的五岛直树研究员与前川桃子助教找到了一种名为G-isI的新基因，与山中教授自己发现的4个基因结合，可以使万能细胞的安全性大为提高。 iPS之所以“不安全”，就是在细胞转化为“万能细胞”的过程中，同时会有一些难以分离的“缺陷细胞”生成，这些“缺陷细胞”就是最后演变为“癌细胞”的罪魁祸首。这次从1437种基因里发现的活跃在未受精卵中的G-isI基因，可作用于尚未成为万能细胞的“缺陷细胞”，有效防止其增殖并置其于死地，由此可避开癌变的风险。 山中教授将G-isI的基因称为“魔术基因”，用它与其他4个基因一起制作iPS细胞不仅可剔除缺陷细胞，制作效率也比以前提高了4倍到10倍，至于转入基因所用病毒还存在诱发癌变的风险问题，研究人员将继续寻找替代办法来解决（6月7日Nature杂志）。 虽然没有人怀疑iPS拥有的转化为各类细胞的“万能潜力”，但是，由于各种困难的出现，科学界最初怀抱的对iPS过于“狂热”的情绪现在已开始慢慢降温。不过，这对于万能细胞的研究也许是个好事：因为问题的浮现正是研究已达到某种成熟阶段的标志。 无独有偶，英美两国的研究人员在征服癌症的道路上，也正在开发出一种可用于治疗多种癌症的“万能”疫苗。 这种“万能疫苗”不是像其它抗癌药物一样攻击癌症细胞，而是一种利用人体防御功能阻止肿瘤生长的新型药物。与传统疫苗不同，治疗性疫苗含有可以刺激免疫系统生成蛋白质抗原的基因，能激活免疫系统从而杀死癌细胞，而且免疫系统可以“自行选择”癌症抗原来作出响应，而不会排斥肌体中的其他健康部位，可作用于多种类型的癌症。此外，更让人欣慰的是，这个“新发明”还不会像其它癌症药物一样导致副作用，例如头晕和掉头发，这对备受癌症治疗煎熬的病人实在是个利好的消息。 虽然在早期试验中，实验性疫苗已经可以使患有前列腺癌的老鼠的肿瘤缩小，但这项研究尚处于初级阶段，还需要好几年时间才能研制出可用于人体试验的疫苗。不过，此项研究的领导者之一、英国利兹大学的Allen Melcher对未来充满 信心：“这是一种建立在充满希望的 基础之上的新方法。”（6月19日Nature Medicine 杂志） 在中国的传统语境中，“万能”意味着无所不能，而在科学方法中，“万能”其实代表着一种最普世、最简单、最直接的解决方式。不过，要达到这一“最简单”的目标，寻解过程反而也许是最不简单的。例如，在诱导多功能干细胞iPS刚出现时，人们就认为诱导多功能干细胞很容易制造，并且无所不能，可以治疗所有疾病，但现在的研究表明，事情的发展从来没有那么简单，相关的研究才是“刚刚开始”。■
What can you give to your 18 years old who cannot think of wanting anything in particular (since his basic needs are met by his loving parents)? I have been thinking hard lately, trying to give my dear son something unique for his special birthday. Chance came when I opened a letter from UNICEF, in which there is a 2010 Holiday Shopping List. I handed it to my son, and asked him to circle a few things on the list that he wants to give. Here are his choices: 1) Oral Rehydration Salts (PRS) to save the lives of children struck by severe diarrhea dehydration ($60 for 750 packets) 2) Water Purification Tablets for use in disasters ($69 for 10,000 tablets) 3) High-protein biscuits specially developed for malnourished children ($70 for 57 sachets) I am so proud of you, my dearest son! I think you are well prepared to go on living as a responsible citizen, and we will continue this gift giving every year on your birthday.
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