碳纳米管(CNTs)作为一种具有独特结构与性质的新材料,在许多领域中都有重要的应用前景。在手性药物的研发中,人们都十分希冀能得到单一手性(纯手性)的活性药物分子。然而,要将纯手性的药物成功开发并推向市场,却是一项十分艰难的工作。从根本上讲,是因为手性合成、手性分离的困难,以及由此带来的高成本。 最近的一项研究,向人们展示了手性选择性试剂修饰的碳纳米管(chiral selector modified CNTs,CSM-CNTs),在药物对映体分离中的成功应用。 这项研究工作是由中南大学的Jingang Yu及其合作者完成的,研究结果于今年5月25日在线发表在《 中国化学 》( Chinese J. Chem. )杂志上。他们提出了一种用羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD)实现多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)功能化的新方法,并将这种功能化修饰的MWCNTs作为薄层色谱固定相的添加剂,去分离一种兽药,“瘦肉精”——克仑特罗(clenbuterol)的对映体混合物,得到了令人满意的结果,手性分离因子 。 (Taken from http://www.chemistryviews.org/ ) (clenbuterol) Reference : J. Yu, D. Huang, K. Huang, Y. Hong, Preparation of Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Cross-linked Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Application in Enantioseparation of Clenbuterol , Chinese J. Chem. 2011 , 29(5) , 893—897. DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201190185
【Wolf's Fable】 life is information,living is game. 本人整理了一些自己的思考分享给大家,所有这些论调都非细胞生物学的标准答案,目的是通过思辨逐步逼近事物的本质,愿意吸纳各种思想来丰富《细胞生物学魔鬼字典》,更欢迎不同声音的批判! 生命是在环境选择性压力下的自适应程序组(life is adaptive programs in the selective pressure of environment) 基因就是功能程序模块(gene is program module) 生物就是可以执行自我复制功能的程序载体(creature are beings with the ability of procedural proliferation) 大自然是生命的编程师(nature is programmer of life,God 1.0) 单细胞生物——程序组间松散的合作群落(unicellular organisms—— Loose collaboration of programs ) 原始多细胞生物——程序组的原始分工协作组织(Multicellular organisms—— specific collaboration programs ) 哺乳动物——程序组的紧密的分工合作体系(mammals are tight cooperation system of programs) 生命活动就是程序的执行和重编程(living is execution and reprogramming of program) 进化就是大自然对生物种群的重编程(evolution——reprogramming of life ) 发育就是程序组依照时空顺序的执行过程(development is space time sequencing of program ) 分化就是细胞功能程序模块选择性地开启和关闭(differentiation is selective openning and closing of Programs) 疾病就是细胞重编程的产物(disease is reprogramming of cells ) 炎症就是微环境对体细胞的重编程现象(Inflammation is the reprogramming process of somatic cell in vivo!) 药物就是细胞微环境调节性物质(so-called medicine is niche regulator) 细胞就是一套能够执行完整自适应功能的基本程序组合(cell is a set of basic portfolio of complete life program.) 遗传物质是细胞源程序文库(hereditary substance is library of program) 细胞质是生命程序的编译场所(cytoplasm is the workshop for program compilation) 细胞膜是程序载体的边界(membrane is boundary of life) 微环境就是细胞程序员(microenviroment is programmer of cells) 微环境决定细胞的命运(microenviroment determine cell fate) 细胞质掌握细胞命运(cytoplasm master cell fate!) RNAs是细胞命运的操纵者(RNAs are cytoplasmic determinants) 微小RNA就是细胞命运操纵子(miRNA——The manipulator ofcell fate!) 细胞的可增殖性就是分化潜能(Proliferation is differentiation potentiality) 细胞的不对称分裂就是分化(differentiation——asymmetric cell division ! 死细胞就是不可逆地丧失增殖能力的细胞(dead cell is cell with irreversiblly losing of proliferative ability) 活细胞就是干细胞(viable cell is proliferative cell is stem cell ,《Cell Stem Cell》means “cell is stem cell”) 癌本质上是远古单细胞生物在哺乳动物体中的返祖重现( cancer is atavistic reappearance of unicellular organisms) 癌现象是细胞生命的原始本能(Cancer phenomenon is the primitive instinct of cells ) 癌源自可再生细胞源自体细胞的重编程(cancer origins from the regenerative cells results from reprogramming of somatic cells) 癌症起始细胞就是内源性重编程多能干细胞(endogenous iPS is the cancer initiating cell) 癌是在恶劣微环境中正常体细胞(cancer——good cells in bad niche!) 癌是在异常的细胞质中正常基因组(cancer —— good nuclear in bad cytoplasm) 子曰:上善若水 大成若缺干细胞治疗的终极解决方案就是不使用外源干细胞(cell-free is the final solution of stem cell therapy )
Journal of Power Sources Article in Press, Accepted Manuscript - Note to users doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.02.048 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI Copyright 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. Permissions Reprints Nafion/Polyvinylidene fluoride blend membranes with improved ion selectivity for vanadium redox flow battery application Zhensheng Mai a , b , Huamin Zhang a , , , Xianfeng Li a , , Shaohua Xiao a , b and Hongzhang Zhang a , b a PEMFC Key Materials and Technology Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China b Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China Received 11 November 2010; revised 25 January 2011; accepted 17 February 2011. Available online 24 February 2011. Abstract Nafion/PVDF blends are employed to prepare the ion exchange membranes for vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) application for the first time. The addition of the highly crystalline and hydrophobic PVDF effectively confines the swelling behavior of Nafion. In VRB single cell test, the Nafion/PVDF binary membranes exhibit higher columbic efficiency than recast Nafion at various current densities. The blend membrane with 20wt% of PVDF (N0.8P0.2) shows energy efficiency of 85% at 80mAcm−2, which is superior to that of recast Nafion. N0.8P0.2 membrane also possesses twice longer duration in OCV decay test and much lower permeation of VO2+ compared with recast Nafion. These results indicate that the addition of PVDF is a simple and efficient way to improve the ion selectivity of Nafion, and the polymer blends with optimized mass fraction of PVDF show good potential for VRB application. Keywords: polymer blends; ion exchange membranes; vanadium redox flow battery
我感觉这是种好方法.具体原理不介绍了,要推荐文章,首推徐云碧老师的这篇 Sun et al 2010 Efficiency of selective genotyping for genetic analysis of complex traits and potential applications in crop improvement( http://image.sciencenet.cn/olddata/kexue.com.cn/upload/blog/file/2010/12/201012914539120891.pdf ) 根据我的习惯,我喜欢把同一类东西放一起,先把文献放这,全文有空再传. 1 Ayoub, M., and Mather, D.E. (2002). Effectiveness of selective genotyping for detection of quantitative trait loci: an analysis of grain and malt quality traits in three barley populations. Genome 45, 1116-1124. Chen, Z., Zheng, G., Ghosh, K., and Li, Z. (2005). Linkage disequilibrium mapping of quantitative-trait Loci by selective genotyping. Am J Hum Genet 77, 661-669. 2 Foolad, M.R., Zhang, L.P., and Lin, G.Y. (2001). Identification and validation of QTLs for salt tolerance during vegetative growth in tomato by selective genotyping. Genome 44, 444-454. Huang, B.E., and Lin, D.Y. (2007). Efficient association mapping of quantitative trait loci with selective genotyping. Am J Hum Genet 80, 567-576. 3 Linde, M., Hattendorf, A., Kaufmann, H., and Debener, T. (2006). Powdery mildew resistance in roses: QTL mapping in different environments using selective genotyping. Theor Appl Genet 113, 1081-1092. Manichaikul, A., Palmer, A.A., Sen, S., and Broman, K.W. (2007). Significance thresholds for quantitative trait locus mapping under selective genotyping. Genetics 177, 1963-1966. 4 Manichaikul, A., and Broman, K.W. (2009). Binary trait mapping in experimental crosses with selective genotyping. Genetics 182, 863-874. 5 Navabi, A., Mather, D.E., Bernier, J., Spaner, D.M., and Atlin, G.N. (2009). QTL detection with bidirectional and unidirectional selective genotyping: marker-based and trait-based analyses. Theor Appl Genet 118, 347-358. 6 Sen, S., Johannes, F., and Broman, K.W. (2009). Selective genotyping and phenotyping strategies in a complex trait context. Genetics 181, 1613-1626. 7 Xing, C., and Xing, G. (2009). Power of selective genotyping in genome-wide association studies of quantitative traits. BMC Proc 3 Suppl 7, S23.