Executive summary Science is a global enterprise. Today there are over 7 million researchers around the world, drawing on a combined international RD spend of over US$1000 billion (a 45% increase since 2002), and reading and publishing in around 25,000 separate scientific journals per year. These researchers collaborate with each other, motivated by wishing to work with the very best people and facilities in the world, and by curiosity, seeking new knowledge to advance their field or to tackle specific problems. Knowledge, Networks and Nations reviews, based on available data, the changing patterns of science, and scientific collaboration, in order to provide a basis for understanding such ongoing changes. It aims to identify the opportunities and benefits of international collabor ation, to consider how they can best be realised, and to initiate a debate on how international scientific collaboration can be harnessed to tackle global problems more effectively. From Singapore to South Africa, new researchers and research communities are reshaping the landscape for science and innovation, so long dominated by the USA, Japan and Europe. This report explores this changing geography of science and innovation. In Part 1, it maps and investigates where and how science is being carried out around the world and the ways in which this picture is changing. • Science in 2011 is increasingly global , occurring in more and more places than ever before. Science is addressing questions of global significance. It is supported by governments, business, philanthropists and charities. There are particular countries where this increased activity is especially striking, with investment an scientific productivity outstripping general trends of growth. The rise of China has been especially notable, overtaking Japan and Europe in terms of its publication output in recent years. Beyond China, rapid developments have also taken place in India, Brazil and new emergent scientific nations in the Middle East, South-East Asia and North Africa, as well as a strengthening of the smaller European nations. • However, the traditional ‘scientific superpowers’ still lead the field . The USA, Western Europe and Japan all invest heavily in research and receive a substantial return in terms of performance, with large numbers of research articles, the lion’s share of citations on those articles, and successful translation, as seen through the rates of patent registration. • The continued strength of the traditional centres of scientific excellence and the emergence of new players and leaders point towards an increasingly multipolar scientific world , in which the distribution of scientific activity is concentrated in a number of widely dispersed hubs. • Beyond these hubs, science is also flourishing . The recognition of the role that science can play in driving economic development, and in addressing local and global issues of sustain ability, has led to increased research activity and the application of scientific method and results within less developed countries. Part 2 reveals the shifting patterns of international collaboration. International science is largely conducted through bottom-up, informal connections, as scientists become more mobile and as large and often complex data are shared at the click of a button. But top-down, solutions-oriented initiatives are also helping to shape the research landscape, as scientists organise themselves, or are being organised, to tackle shared concerns. • The scientific world is becoming increasingly interconnected, with international collaboration on the rise . Today over 35% of articles published in international journals are internationally collaborative, up from 25% 15 years ago. • Collaboration is growing for a variety of reasons . Developments in communication technologies and cheaper travel make it easier than ever before for researchers to work together; the scale of research questions, and the equipment required to study demands that researchers are mobile and responsive. Collaboration enhances the quality of scientific research, improves the efficiency and effectiveness of that research, and is increasingly necessary , as the scale of both budgets and research challenges grow. • However, the primary driver of most collaboration is the scientists themselves . In developing their research and finding answers, scientists are seeking to work with the best people, institutions and equipment which complement their research, wherever they may be. • The connections of people, through formal and informal channels, diaspora communities, virtual global networks and professional communities of shared interests are important drivers of international collaboration. These networks span the globe. Motivated by the bottom-up exchange of scientific insight, knowledge and skills, they are changing the focus of science from the national to the global level . Yet little is understood about the dynamics of networking and the mobility of scientists, how these affect global science and how best to harness these networks to catalyse international collaboration. • Collaboration brings significant benefits , both measurable (such as increased citation impact and access to new markets), and less easily quantifiable outputs, such as broadening research horizons. The facilitation of collaboration, therefore, has a positive impact not only on the science conducted, but on the broader objectives for any science system (be that enhancing domestic prosperity or addressing specific challenges ). 原文见 http://royalsociety.org/uploadedfiles/royal_society_content/influencing_policy/reports/2011-03-28-knowledge-networks-nations.pdf
New words in this news article: 1. ITTF : international table tennis federation 2. it's Liu Shiwen and Wang Yuegu who posted an increase in the rankings after having a surprisingly good performance recently. 3. Joo Se Hyuk : Zhu Shi-He 4. elite: n.精英 In addition, Dimitrij Ovtcharov finally landed in the elite group of table tennis players replacing the Belorusian veteran Samsonov . 5. As for the leaders, Ma Long and Ding Ning retains the top spot in the Men and Women division s (分区)respectively. 6. ITTF Pro Tour Grand Finals 7. paddler: n. 涉水者, 涉泥浆者, 划独木舟者 paddle: v.划桨,戏水,抚弄; n.桨,划桨,明轮翼 8. The reigning ( adj. 统治的, 在位的, 本届的, ) Olympic champion Ma Lin is now on his worst position since eleven years ago in number 7. 9. Ma Lin actually dropped two places since the previous ranking in 2627 points. 10. From being in the third spot, Zhang Jike stepped up to number two overtaking Wang Hao. 11. compatriot: n.同国人,同胞,同事 --------------- assessment: n.评价,评估,评定 Zhang Jike is now one title away for the grand slam and the London Olympics Singles title will complete such dream. Zhang Jike said that he extremely values his battles with Ma Long.
Thanks to one delay after another, I finally arrived in Toulouse, France at 1:30am on Oct. 22, 2011. I was supposed to arrive at 7pm on the 21st. The road from the airport to the city was quiet, but the Capitole was ALIVE. I was just happy that I did have a paid hotel room for the late arrival, and enjoyed the soft bedding that I would miss very much for the second hotel (with only two stars) booked by the workshop host. Sure, I have had lots of trouble because I can speak only two French words and are NOT willing to show off my extremely limited French. That does not stop me from enjoying the city. It is exactly 12 hours different from Hawaii, but I still stand on my toes and well balance. So, the world must be FLAT.
It will be a sleepless night in Japan! Lucky me: I can sleep until 8 am. I will be happy no matter who wins. So, I will just sit back and enjoy the play!
医生的家园 Welcome to doc2doc Registration is free and connects you to colleagues around the world. Start or join debates on the latest news, research and other developments in medicine. Discuss your next career move with colleagues. Get answers to your clinical questions from our doctors-only forums. Create your own online meeting place for your friends, colleagues, hospital or society. 英国的丁香园 http://doc2doc.bmj.com/ 中国的丁香园 http://www.dxy.cn/
Chinese and American Young Generation Confront a Same World by Yubao The world Chinese young generation faced is different from Americans? It is a little complicated to answer this question. I think there is no great difference there and on the contrary there is a tendency of convergence such as re-education trend, career desperation and reality unintelligent. Like most college graduate come back to school in the United States , Chinese graduates are coming with the same tide. While some of the college graduates just continued to pursuit a Ph. D degree. Maybe the young generation of America has more working experience, for they start work earlier and changing work more frequently. But we can see a tide of returning to Graduate school after the Financial Crisis. UnlikeRoger Bacon said at three hundred yours ago, scientia potentia est (Knowledge is power), the line between power and knowledge is becoming more and more indistinct. Ph. D is no more a guarantee to a decent job. Many young men do not have a clear expectation of their career development. You can find the same thing in America . As many Scenes in the film Sex and the City, Greens Anatomy and Gossip Girl, are considered as a reflection of job seeking, city living in USA . Interestingly you can discover the counterpart in Chinese films, like Du Lalas promotion, Hard Working. They present snapshots of harsh reality the Chinese young generation faced. More and more people lost a solid cognition to the realty and honesty sprits to themselves. Two decade years ago, young people would read classic literature, care about the democracy, pay attention to social issues, but all these things are just kept in middle ages memory and faint away in the 21 century. Now we just read bills and only care about money and pleasure. It is a hard thing to inspect and comfort the inside of our own. So we easily surrender to the fancy world without a thinking and cheaply traffic ourselves in the labor market. Many intellectuals think this is the root of all evil in the world. We confront a flat world and it makes people lost destination, struggling for survival in the Postmodernism time. It is reliable to meet someone in the other side of the Earth, but we are tightly confined in a network knitted by commodities and markets. Sooner or later, the old clich, the vast pacific and social ideologies are the boundaries between China and United states , will be replaced by a new topic as rising young generation in the same Arena.
翻译：邱敦莲 http://www.kekenet.com/song/31472.shtml Such a feelings coming over me 这种情感萦绕着我， There is wonder in most everything I see 我所见的一切皆如此美妙。 Not a cloud in the sky, got the sun in my eyes 天空无云，满眼是明媚的阳光。 And I wont be surprised if its a dream 如果这是个梦，我也不会感觉惊奇。 Everything I want the world to be 我希望这世界达成的每一件事， Is now coming true especially for me 特别是于我，现在都变成了现实。 And the reason is clear, its because you are here 道理很明了，那是因为这里有了你。 Youre the nearest thing to heaven that Ive seen 在我眼中,你几乎就是天堂 (你是我所见过的最接近天堂的事物). Im on the top of the world looking down on creation 我在世界万物之上俯身看尘世， And the only explanation I can find Is the love that Ive found ever since youve been around我发现唯一能够解释这一切的是爱。自从有你在身旁， Your loves put me at the top of the world 你的爱使我飞上云端。 Something in the wind has learned my name 似乎有人在风中呼唤我的名字， And its telling me that things are not the same 风儿告诉我，一切都将从此不同。 In the leaves on the trees and the touch of the breeze 那颤动的树叶和轻拂的微风， There a pleasure sense of happiness for me 使我有一种幸福的快感。 There is only one wish on my mind 我心中只有一个愿望: When this day is through I hope that I will find 当今日逝去, That tomorrow will be just the same for you and me 希望你我的明天都将一如今朝。 All I need will be mine if you are here 只要有你在身旁，我就能心想事成 Im on the top of the world looking down on creation 我在世界万物之上俯身看尘世 And the only explanation I can find 我发现唯一能够解释这一切的是爱， Is the love that Ive found ever since youve been around 自从有你在身旁， Your loves put me at the top of the world 你的爱使我飞上云端。 Im on the top of the world looking down on creation 我在世界万物之上俯身看尘世。 And the only explanation I can find 我发现唯一能够解释这一切的是爱， Is the love that Ive found ever since youve been around 自从有你在身旁。 Your loves put me at the top of the world你的爱使我飞上云端。
2010年10月14日是第一个世界肺功能日（ World Spirometry Day ），我们按计划进行了WSD主题活动-免费肺功能检测和义诊，100多位市民或呼吸病患者前来检测了肺功能（图1-3）。北京地方媒体参加了这次活动，在肺功能日前后分别进行了报道、宣传，向大众介绍了肺功能检查知识。北京电视台在今天7:00-9:00的《北京您早》节目中进行了详细报道。 视频片断链接 http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMjE0ODAyNjI4.html BTV链接 http://space.btv.com.cn/video/VIDE1287113042969212 从今日收到的组织者发来的信函中得知，世界各地的肺功能日活动均取得成功，截止写信时刻，已有2万多人接受了肺功能检测。以下是信函原文：、 Dear Colleague, As World Spirometry Day progresses, we would like to announce that over 20,000 tests have so far been performed from 80 completed events. Thank you for all your hard work and dedication in what already looks to be a successful event and for helping to increase awareness of lung health across the globe. If your event is still running we wish you the best of luck and look forward to receiving your results. When your event is complete, please email WSD@ersnet.org as soon as possible, with the following information: Essential 1. Organisers name/ Organisation 2. Location (hospital/site, city, country) 3. No. of successful tests performed Desirable If you are also able to tell us any values of population identified with abnormal lung function, with reference to the classification found here: http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/ 23/6/932 /T1.expansion.html we would be very grateful. After the event we will be in touch about collecting more detailed data and questionnaire responses if you were able to collect this. We would also appreciate any press clippings or links you are able to collect. We look forward to hearing from you and sharing your successes via the WSD map: www.yearofthelung.org/wsd-events Kind regards, Anne-Marie Wish (ne Audley) ELF Educational Coordinator European Lung Foundation
World University Rankings 2010-2011 Welcome to Times Higher Educations list of the worlds top universities for 2010-11. http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/ ps. Why do I care? Well, a friend of mine just wrote me an email. She and her husband want to send their only son (in China) to a university in the U.S. They are aiming at schools in the top 50-100. I guess that should not be too difficult, since U. Hawaii is one of the top 100 in the U.S. and it's not hard to get in.
标签: World
