自从上篇博文后尚未收到任何问题,那么今天就来谈谈研究论文里最基本也最重要的东西——论文题目。定论文题目看似简单,但是事实上需要缜密的思考。读者搜寻资料库和论文的参考文献时看到的就是论文题目,他们会根据题目来判断论文内容及跟自己在搜寻的主题相关性,显而易见的,论文题目是左右论文阅读率的决定性因素。 好的论文题目可以 : ● 用简单几个字浓缩论文内容 ● 吸引读者的目光 ● 将之与同领域的其他论文区隔出来 以下是在定论文题目时应该谨记在心的 3 个简单技巧: 1. 简洁有力 :论文题目最主要的功能是提供论文大意,应概要简单清楚——使用主动语态,避免名词字句及其他不必要的信息。一个好的题目通常介于10到12个字之间,太长的标题会模糊焦点。 避免 : Drug XYZ has an effect of muscular contraction for an hour in snails of Achatina fulcia species 较好的方式 : Drug XYZ induces muscular contraction in Achatina fulcia snails 2. 选用适当的描述词 :论文题目应包含论文里使用的关键词,并且定义研究性质。想想人们会用什么词进行搜索,将这些词用在题目。 避免 : Effects of drug A on schizophrenia patients: study of a multicenter mixed group 较好的方式 : Psychosocial effects of drug A on schizophrenia patients: a multicenter randomized controlled trial 3. 避免使用缩写和术语 :一些常见的缩写如AIDS、NATO可以放在题目里,但是,避免使用其他读者可能没法立刻意会的一些不怎么有名或是学科专有名词及缩写。 避免 : MMP expression profiles cannot distinguish between normal and early osteoarthritic synovial fluid 较好的方式 : Matrix metalloproteinase expression profiles cannot distinguish between normal and early osteoarthritic synovial fluid 根据研究假设来发想论文题目,结合以上的 3 个技巧,定出最好的研究论文题目! ∷ Eddy 博士国际期刊发表支持中心内容由 意得 辑 英文修改 专家 团队 支持提供 ∷ 【意得辑提供专业 英文论文编校 、 学术论文翻译 、 英文期刊发表一站式服务 www.editage.cn 】 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 此文同步刊载于 意得辑专家视点 频道: http://www.editage.cn/insights/3个基本功造就对的论文题目
王应宽 Wang Yingkuan Beijing, China November 29, 2011 对大学生最有用的 20 个专业搜索引擎 如今信息爆炸时代,各种信息资源非常丰富。但如何迅速找到和分类筛选出自己所需要的信息是一个重要因素,也是用户获取对自己有用的某专业领域信息的关键。大学生(包括研究生)在学习知识和开展研究过程中,获取某专业领域的有用信息至关重要,但因为缺乏有效的途径,仅仅依靠普通的搜索引擎查找,在网络世界游走,“海选”信息,往往如同大海捞针,费力费时,成效不佳。特别是对学术论文的搜索,许多普通搜索引擎难以凑效。以下 20 个专业搜索引擎可以帮助迅速的找到所需要的学术论文和第一手资料,因而有助于更快完成科研项目。这些资源包括专业搜索引擎、在线虚拟图书馆和在线仓储库,按照字母顺序排列如下,希望对科研人员和学童们获取信息有用。 资料来源: http://bestonlineuniversities.com/2011/20-useful-specialty-search-engines-for-college-students/ 20 Useful Specialty Search Engines for College Students Posted on: March 31, 2011 Tweet 10 You might use ordinary search engines for business or personal use, but they’re not very useful to find academic research papers, scholarly articles nor primary sources . The following 20 useful specialty search engines can help to find those resources quickly so you can complete your project faster. From simple searches to libraries and on to archives, the following links are listed alphabetically within categories. Search Engines 1 Academic Index : Use this simple search engine to find topics in other search engines such as Infotopia, Infomine, Bielefeld Search Engine, Open Doar and Chabot College. Extend your search to encompass even more search engines previoiusly selected by librarians, teachers and library and educational consortia. This academic search engine was created by and is maintained by Dr. Michael Bell, former chair, Texas Association of School Librarians. He also created and maintains Infotopia . 2 BASE : Bielefeld Academic Search Engine is one of the world’s most voluminous search engines especially for academic open access web resources. BASE is operated by Bielefeld University Library. 3 CiteSeerx : This is a scientific literature digital library and search engine that focuses primarily on the literature in computer and information science. CiteSeer was the first digital library and search engine to provide automated citation indexing and citation linking using the method of autonomous citation indexing. 4 Google Scholar Beta : From one place, you can search across many disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites. Google Scholar helps you find relevant work across the world of scholarly research. 5 InfoMine : Search this virtual library of Internet resources relevant to faculty, students, and research staff at the university level. Librarians from the University of California, Wake Forest University, California State University, the University of Detroit – Mercy, and other universities and colleges have contributed to building InfoMine. It contains useful Internet resources such as databases, electronic journals, electronic books, bulletin boards, mailing lists, online library card catalogs, articles, directories of researchers, and many other types of information. 6 ipl2 : In January 2010, the website “ipl2: information you can trust” was launched, merging the collections of resources from the Internet Public Library (IPL) and the Librarians’ Internet Index (LII) websites. The site is hosted by Drexel University’s College of Information Science Technology, and a consortium of colleges and universities with programs in information science are involved in developing and maintaining the ipl2. 7 iSeek : This is a targeted search engine that compiles hundreds of thousands of authoritative resources from university, government, and established noncommercial providers. It provides time-saving intelligent search and a personal Web-based library to help you locate the most relevant results immediately and find them quickly later. 8 refSeek : Currently in public beta, RefSeek is a web search engine for students and researchers that aims to make academic information easily accessible to everyone. RefSeek searches more than one billion documents, including web pages, books, encyclopedias, journals, and newspapers. 9 Vadlo : This search engine holds the keys to everything scientific, including information about ELISA and other immunoassays, biomarkers, drug discovery and biotech high-throughput screening bioassays, clinical trials and RD, RNA interference, microRNA, miRNA, shRNA, siRNA oligoneucleotide, real time multiplex PCR primers and more… Web, Library and Literary Tools 10 Digital Library of the Commons : The Digital Library of the Commons (DLC) is a gateway to the international literature on the commons. The DLC provides free and open access to full-text articles, papers, and dissertations. This site contains an author-submission portal, an image database, the comprehensive bibliography of the Commons; a keyword thesaurus and links to relevant reference sources on the study of the Commons. 11 Directory of Open Access Journals : This service covers free, full-text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals. They aim to cover all subjects and languages through over 6313 journals in the directory. Currently 2746 journals are searchable at article level. Over 538958 articles are included in the DOAJ service at this writing. 12 ERIC : The Education Resources Information Center is an online digital library of education research and information. ERIC is sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. ERIC provides ready access to education literature to support the use of educational research and information to improve practice in learning, teaching, educational decision-making, and research. 13 Intute : Intute is a free online service that helps you to find web resources for your studies and research. In July 2010, their funding was significantly reduced. They have funding to maintain their resource catalog until the end of July 2011, and the Virtual Training Suite and Informs will be investigating moving to a membership model. 14 Open Library : To date, this group has gathered over 20 million records from a variety of large catalogs as well as single contributions, with more on the way. Open Library is an open project: the software is open, the data are open, the documentation is open, and they welcome your contributions. 15 The Literary Encyclopedia : The Literary Encyclopedia is an authoritative collection of specially commissioned articles written by scholars expert in their fields. It addresses literary works, writers, cultural movements and historical events around the world. Its interactive features enable the user to place literature within its historical context in innovative ways. 16 WorldCat : This search tool lets you browse the collections of libraries in your community and thousands more around the world for popular books, music CDs and videos. You can also discover many new kinds of digital content, such as downloadable audiobooks. WorldCat.org lets you find an item of interest and then locate a library near you that owns it. Archives 17 Archives Hub : Use the Hub to instantly scan the archival landscape and bring together diverse sources held in over 200 repositories across the UK. Historians will find the Hub an essential tool for their research. Postgraduate students can bring that extra unique something to their research. Educators can take advantage of the Hub to introduce students to primary sources for their coursework. 18 British Library Research Archive : The British Library Research Archive is a database of papers and articles by British Library staff. It also contains papers by readers who have used the Library;s collections in their research and who do not have any institutional affiliation or access to another institutional repository. Papers from conferences organized and hosted by the British Library may also be included. The goal of the Archive is to provide free and full access to these materials, and to capture and preserve research that might otherwise be lost. 19 Library of Congress : The Library of Congress is the nation’s oldest federal cultural institution and serves as the research arm of Congress. It is also the largest library in the world, with millions of books, recordings, photographs, maps and manuscripts in its collections. Use the online site to find archived materials from across the world, but specifically for America from its founding to current documents. 20 National Archives : This link leads to ARC, the Archival Research Catalog for this nation’s national archives. Not all finding aids and images on the NARA web site are currently described in ARC yet, although that is the goal. An updated version of Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives of the United States can be searched on the NARA web site to identify records of interest. You may also want to visit the Gateway for Educators and Students to find more resources.
这注定是一个值得深入研究的重要课题,一方面要统计有多少人读过文章,另一方面还要评估读过文章后所产生的效果。如果仅凭经验和感觉来判断,大概各人会得出各自不同的结论。不过,我想从另一个角度来回答这个问题,以避免引起太大的争议。 我将研究论文、综述和评述限定在同等级别的前沿英文学术期刊范围内,由此考察它们在推动科学发展中的意义。下面就以发表在2001年2月15日Nature杂志上有关人类基因组计划的论文为例阐明我的基本观点。 研究论文具有原创性,必须依靠实验取得,是科学发展和人类进步的基础。 由国际人类基因组测序团队(International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium)共同发表的人类基因组的初步测序及分析(Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome)及其他研究团队发表的用微阵列技术对人类基因组的实验注释(Experimental annotation of the human genome using microarry technology)、含有142万单核苷酸多态性的人类基因组序列变异图谱(A map of human genome sequence variation containing 1.42 million single nucleotide polymorphisms)和人类基因组物理图谱(A physical map of the human genome)等四篇文章无疑是人类基因组研究历史上最重要的原创性研究论文,因为它们为人类探索自身的奥秘打开了第一扇窗口! 这些论文主要罗列人类基因组测序数据及描述序列草图绘制过程,同时对人类基因组的结构与功能进行初步分析。不过,限于当时的研究水平,尚未开展大范围、深层次的功能基因组学研究,因而无法阐释这些数据后面所代表的生物学意义。难能可贵的是,这些开拓性研究为后人提供了一个有待解析的庞大数据库! 综述、评述体现指导性,由资深科学家撰写,是科学发展到一定阶段的升华。 在同一期Nature上,还发表了1975年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者David Baltimore撰写的评述我们的基因组被打开了(Our genome unveiled)一文以及解析图谱和讨论单核苷酸多态性的评述及分析文章。Baltimore在文章中为未来的人类基因组研究指明了方向:利用人与人之间的基因组差异开发个体化药物及阐明个人能力(运算能力、记忆力和外界协调性)的遗传基础。他还为科学家们进行了具体分工:细胞生物学家寻找新的信号转导蛋白;神经生物学家寻找新的离子通道蛋白,等等。 Baltimore的文章提出了一个重要观点,那就是人类基因组并非完全通过增加基因数目来提高其复杂程度,而是另有原因。事实上,这个关键问题到目前为止还是没有得到解决,尽管已经开始从表观遗传学(epigenetics)上找原因! 刚刚完成的千人基因组计划就是这个预期愿景的首次应验,它为进一步了解人类思维活动及行为能力的差异提供了科学依据。由此可见,一篇好的评述文章,可以高瞻远瞩地预判未来的研究动向,对开展科学研究具有重大的指导意义,其科学价值不亚于研究论文本身! 在有些情况下,发表原创性研究论文并不是唯一选择!综述及评述文章对科学发展也有重要价值! 试想:如果没有Watson和Crick在1953年发表文章提出DNA双螺旋结构模型,会有后来的人类基因组研究吗?如果没有Dulbeco在1986年发表癌症研究转折点人类基因组全序列分析一文,科学界会那么快行动起来举全人类力量奋力实施人类基因组计划吗? 在个人资历足够的前提下,发表的评述可能比研究论文更有分量。 一个长期从事科学研究的学者,如果在本领域已经发表了若干具有较大影响力的研究论文,积累了在数量和质量上过硬的科研成果,那么这时不妨把自己的眼界拓展到领域边缘或以外,针对前辈、同行、甚至外行的研究成果进行比较、归纳和演绎,写出一些分量较重的评述或综述,可能比自己继续发表相同层次的研究论文更有价值!目前,国际上不仅有历史悠久的年评(Annual review),也有Nature刚创刊不久的系列综述子刊,它们的影响因子都出奇地高! 在实验条件不具备时,与其发表垃圾研究论文,不如发表高水平的评述。 由于经费短缺、人手不足、实验设备简陋,人过中年的科学家不可能做出高水平的研究成果。值得庆幸的是,现在科技信息高度发达,从网上就基本上可以了解别人在做什么?研究成果的水平怎样?在经过仔细分析和周密思考的基础上,不用做实验也可以写出高水平的评述文章,对后来者更有指导、启迪作用。当然,应该写、可以写、能发表显然不是一回事,可以让别人看到你写的文章才有用。 总之,研究论文、综述和评述文章各司其责,原创性固然无人可以代替,但指导性也不是谁都有资格做的!本文既不贬低原创性实验论文的科学意义,也不抬高评论文章的学术价值,只是就事论事,不可推而广之,无限上纲!
我自己写的关于North Atlantic Oscillation的研究论文(Part I and Part II) 终于在10月1日这天在美国J. Atmos. Sci.杂志上在线刊出了,这是对我辛勤科研的最大奖赏。其后的第三篇是我博士研究生写的关于SAM与ENSO关系的研究论文。我这两篇论文从投稿到刊出,总共花去了我1年半的时间,其中还被J. Atmos. Sci.杂志拒稿了一次。 在这里我要特别感谢我的合作者在我完成这两篇论文中所给予的大力协助。没有他们的无私帮助,我可能还会花更长的时间和更多的精力才能实现自己的想法。 下面是J. Atmos. Sci.在线刊出的论文目录: Volume 67 Issue 9 (September 2010) Previous Current Issue Available Issues Early Online Releases Journal Information Online ISSN : 1520-0469 Print ISSN : 0022-4928 Frequency : Monthly Special Collections Staff and Editors Instructions to Authors Manuscript Submission How to Subscribe Previously titled: Journal of Meteorology AMS Alerts (What is this?) JOIN: Journal Online Issue Notification Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Basic research related to the physics, dynamics, and chemistry of the atmosphere of Earth and other planets, with emphasis on the quantitative and deductive aspects of the subject. Table of Contents Volume 67, Issue 9 (September 2010) View Abstracts Add to Favorites Email Download to Citation Manager Track Citations Select All ARTICLES 2701 Finite-Amplitude Wave Activity and Diffusive Flux of Potential Vorticity in EddyMean Flow Interaction Noboru Nakamura , Da Zhu Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2301 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3432.1'); 27012716 2717 Formation of Jets through Mixing and Forcing of Potential Vorticity: Analysis and Parameterization of Beta-Plane Turbulence Noboru Nakamura , Da Zhu Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2909 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2009JAS3159.1'); 27172733 2734 The Detection and Significance of Diurnal Pressure and Potential Vorticity Anomalies East of the Rockies Yanping Li , Ronald B. Smith Abstract . Full Text . PDF (3704 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3423.1'); 27342751 2752 Observation and Theory of the Diurnal Continental Thermal Tide Yanping Li , Ronald B. Smith Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1967 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3384.1'); 27522765 2766 Baroclinic Waves with Parameterized Effects of Moisture Interpreted Using Rossby Wave Components Hylke de Vries , John Methven , Thomas H. A. Frame , Brian J. Hoskins Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2986 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3410.1'); 27662784 2785 Extreme Events and the General Circulation: Observations and Stochastic Model Dynamics Philip Sura , Maxime Perron Abstract . Full Text . PDF (4376 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3369.1'); 27852804 2805 Spatial Pattern and Zonal Shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part I: A Dynamical Interpretation Dehai Luo , Zhihui Zhu , Rongcai Ren , Linhao Zhong , Chunzai Wang Abstract . Full Text . PDF (6138 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3345.1'); 28052826 2827 Spatial Pattern and Zonal Shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part II: Numerical Experiments Dehai Luo , Linhao Zhong , Rongcai Ren , Chunzai Wang Abstract . Full Text . PDF (5290 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3340.1'); 28272853 2854 The Impact of ENSO on Wave Breaking and Southern Annular Mode Events Tingting Gong , Steven B. Feldstein , Dehai Luo Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2902 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3311.1'); 28542870 2871 Simulations of Subtropical Cyclones in a Baroclinic Channel Model Christopher A. Davis Abstract . Full Text . PDF (3061 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3411.1'); 28712892 2893 Surface Pressure Features of Landfalling Typhoon Rainbands and Their Possible Causes Cheng-Ku Yu , Chia-Lun Tsai Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2352 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3312.1'); 28932911 2913 Convectively Coupled Waves in a Sheared Environment Ying Han , Boualem Khouider Abstract . Full Text . PDF (6192 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3335.1'); 29132942 2943 Mechanisms Affecting the Transition from Shallow to Deep Convection over Land: Inferences from Observations of the Diurnal Cycle Collected at the ARM Southern Great Plains Site Yunyan Zhang , Stephen A. Klein Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1670 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3366.1'); 29432959 2960 Impacts of Convective Lifetime on Moist Geostrophic Adjustment Juliana Dias , Olivier Pauluis Abstract . Full Text . PDF (897 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3405.1'); 29602971 2972 Transient Dynamics of Nonsymmetric Perturbations versus Symmetric Instability in Baroclinic Zonal Shear Flows G. R. Mamatsashvili , V. S. Avsarkisov , G. D. Chagelishvili , R. G. Chanishvili , M. V. Kalashnik Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1016 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3313.1'); 29722989 2990 Numerical Simulation of Radial Cloud Bands within the Upper-Level Outflow of an Observed Mesoscale Convective System S. B. Trier , R. D. Sharman , R. G. Fovell , R. G. Frehlich Abstract . Full Text . PDF (4655 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3531.1'); 29902999 3000 Direct Observations of Coherent Backscatter of Radar Waves in Precipitation A. R. Jameson , A. B. Kostinski Abstract . Full Text . PDF (674 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3488.1'); 30003005 3006 Comparisons of CCN with Supercooled Clouds James G. Hudson , Stephen Noble , Vandana Jha Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1053 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3438.1'); 30063018 3019 Particle Growth and Drop Collection Efficiency of Warm Clouds as Inferred from Joint CloudSat and MODIS Observations Kentaroh Suzuki , Takashi Y. Nakajima , Graeme L. Stephens Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2702 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3463.1'); 30193032 3033 Mechanisms of Along-Valley Winds and Heat Exchange over Mountainous Terrain Juerg Schmidli , Richard Rotunno Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1433 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3473.1'); 30333047 3048 The Role of the Middle Atmosphere in Simulations of the Troposphere during Northern Hemisphere Winter: Differences between High- and Low-Top Models Fabrizio Sassi , R. R. Garcia , D. Marsh , K. W. Hoppel Abstract . Full Text . PDF (3435 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3255.1'); 30483064 3065 Contrails of Small and Very Large Optical Depth David Atlas , Zhien Wang Abstract . Full Text . PDF (2105 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3403.1'); 30653073 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE 3074 The Three-Dimensional Axisymmetric Wind Field Structure of the Spencer, South Dakota, 1998 Tornado Karen Kosiba , Joshua Wurman Abstract . Full Text . PDF (5728 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3416.1'); 30743083 3084 On Sedimentation and Advection in Multimoment Bulk Microphysics Edward R. Mansell Abstract . Full Text . PDF (1391 KB) genSfxLinks('s0', '', '10.1175/2010JAS3341.1'); 30843094 var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-12864472-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) { } 2010 American Meteorological Society Privacy Policy and Disclaimer Headquarters: 45 Beacon Street Boston, MA 02108-3693 DC Office: 1120 G Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington DC, 20005-3826 amsinfo@ametsoc.org Phone: 617-227-2425 Fax: 617-742-8718 Allen Press, Inc . assists in the online publication of AMS journals
《上帝真的掷骰子》一书在5月初进行了第二次印刷。最近有读者来信,希望能够看到非连续运动理论的更严密的数学论证。在此我列出几篇相关的研究论文供参考。 S. Gao (2010), The wave function and quantum reality , to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference Advances in Quantum Theory 2010. S. Gao (2010), On Disi-Penrose Criterion of Gravity-Induced Quantum Collapse, International Journal of Theoretical Physics 49, 849853. ( http://www.springerlink.com/content/j54r75r28w04p03h/ ) S. Gao (2010), Meaning of the wave function, arXiv:1001.5085. An extended version is available on http://philpapers.org/rec/GAOMOT . S. Gao (2006), A model of wavefunction collapse in discrete space-time, International Journal of Theoretical Physics 45, 1965-1979. ( http://www.springerlink.com/content/p84722072t6805rl/ ) S. Gao (2006), Quantum Motion: Unveiling the Mysterious Quantum World. Bury St Edmunds: Arima Publishing. S. Gao (2006), What quantum mechanics really describes: discontinuous motion of particles, Galilean Electrodynamics 17 (1), 3-10. S. Gao (2004), A Suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Discontinuous Motion of Particles, NeuroQuantology 2(3), 190-209. S. Gao (2001), From quantum motion to classical motion---seeking the lost reality, Physics Essays 14 (1), 37-48.
缺陷对氧化锌的光学、光电子学性能有着非常显著的影响。数十年来,ZnO可见发光的缺陷机制一直存在争议,缺乏统一的理论解释。 近年来,我们发展了具有局域瞬态极端条件的液相激光烧方法,并进行纳米颗粒的独特微结构相关的物性研究。在此基础上,获得了具有稳定较强蓝色发光的氧化锌纳米颗粒,进行了对缺陷发光机制的探索。一方面,研究了蓝色发光对激发波长依赖性。发现:1,蓝色发光存在几个固定的择优发射能量点;2,蓝色发光到绿色发光的转变,不是连续移动而是此消彼长的过程;3,蓝色发光的激发谱可以延伸到可见光波段,相应激发能量明显小于带隙宽度,并存在一系列子峰。另一方面,对相关缺陷进行了电子顺磁共振和正电子湮灭的研究。观察到间隙锌、空位氧、间隙锌复合缺陷、间隙氢在一定条件下的共存;随着蓝色发光到绿色发光的转换,间隙锌和空位氧在EPR谱中存在强烈相关的变化。此外,通过更细致的微结构控制,可见发光获得了一定称度上的调控。 该工作将有助于氧化锌可见发光的最终确立,推动相关基础研究与应用;同时也指出,相对于通常所注意的形貌、尺寸等,纳米材料的微结构控制对其性能具有及其重要的意义。相关论文发表在Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20.561-572.上。该工作得到了国家自然科学基金的资助。 网络链接如下: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123237358/abstract Blue Luminescence of ZnO Nanoparticles Based on Non-Equilibrium Processes: Defect Origins and Emission Controls By Haibo Zeng,* Guotao Duan, Yue Li, Shikuan Yang, Xiaoxia Xu, and Weiping Cai High concentrations of defects are introduced into nanoscale ZnO through non-equilibrium processes and resultant blue emissions are comprehensively analyzed, focusing on defect origins and broad controls. Some ZnO nanoparticles exhibit very strong blue emissions, the intensity of which first increase and then decrease with annealing. These visible emissions exhibit strong and interesting excitation dependences: 1) the optimal excitation energy for blue emissions is near the bandgap energy, but the effective excitation can obviously be lower, even 420nm (2.95 eVEg¼3.26 eV); in contrast, green emissions can be excited only by energies larger than the bandgap energy; and, 2) there are several fixed emitting wavelengths at 415, 440, 455 and 488nm in the blue wave band, which exhibit considerable stability in different excitation and annealing conditions. Mechanisms for blue emissions from ZnO are proposed with interstitial-zinc-related defect levels as initial states. EPR spectra reveal the predominance of interstitial zinc in asprepared samples, and the evolutions of coexisting interstitial zinc and oxygen vacancies with annealing. Furthermore, good controllability of visible emissions is achieved, including the co-emission of blue and green emissions and peak adjustment from blue to yellow. 氧化锌纳米颗粒的发光与激发光谱 建议的缺陷发光机制、可见发光调控 发表后记: 对这项工作与这篇文章颇有些感慨。 从工作的开始到发表历时是我至今最长的。这是在我博士工作基础上的继续,留所2年主要精力就花这上面了。当然,还有部分数据没发表。这是个科学问题探索型的基础研究,历程如下。随着对领域认识的不断加深,逐渐对领域内有哪些主要问题、研究状况有了自己的认识。慢慢的,有了解决其中一个(其实就目前潮流而言,是既不新也不热了)的冲动。随后就是独立设计方案,实施试验,进行分析。期间,少不了再学习、再调整、再实施。再后来,数据逐渐积累多了,就自然进入到思考与分析方面,体会数据,体会内涵,体会关联方面,真是所谓殚精竭虑!最后是,逐渐形成了一点自己的观点,就有加入了求证-再试验-分析的循环中。 相反,最后发表到好像没什么故事。本准备好被AFM拒稿后转投物理类IF稍低的杂志的,没想到很快收到的意见都较好,直接接受了。接受后,好像也没什么太高兴的。 自己评价:这是我至今比较好的工作,历史可能会证明观点是错误的,不过我也没什么遗憾的! 这个过程增加了我对科研,对科研中的自己的认识: 1, 认真做点科研,真是不容易!(反之,我的有些文章并没有这么辛苦) 2, 如果能认真做点科研,也不错啊。 3, 要边做边学边提高。 刚才看到关于这篇文章的报道出现在科学网论文栏的头条,有点吃惊。感谢编辑或者朋友的推荐。为了方便感兴趣的朋友的获取,特将文章的PDF文件附上。 文章的PDF文件