前些日子，博主蓝劲松将美国麻省理工学院（ MIT ）前校长 Charles M. Vest 的专著《 一流大学，卓越校长 MIT 与研究型大学的作用 》（完全版）（ http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/user_content.aspx?id=269237 ）转载于科学网上。 Charles M. Vest 是迄今为止 MIT 任期最长的校长之一。 该书是以其年度报告为基础形成的专著。书中对大学教育、科学研究和学术价值观等均有许多高屋建瓴的见解。 以前曾经读过这本书，记得书中有一段是关于基础研究的论述，写得十分精彩，耐人寻味 。 现在有了 e 版，直接借花献佛将这一段转帖过来收藏之。 联邦政策必须通过两种方式作出反应：首先，它必须确保为真正的基础研究提供充足的经费。 （博主：注意！是真正的基础研究） 这是为子孙后代造福的非常重要的长远投资和需要耐心的资本。其次，政府应该与私营企业和学术界合作，以便确定那些对国家利益最为关键的技术领域。一旦确定，就要给它们设立宽广的目标。任务一定不要规定太细 （博主：注意！并非是十分明确地去解决某一具体的问题） ，但是应该确定一般的战略方向，设定较宽的范围或道路，使科学家和工程师能在其中努力工作。这里必须有思想自由交流的空间。 为了建立一个强盛的国家，我们必须对支持或从事基础研究的人和机构作出承诺。历史表明，除了内在价值之外，知识的进步确实导致了健康、生产、学习和生活质量的提高。这是进步的基础。如果我们美国人在未知道路上不从事基础研究，那么其他人将如此。其他人确实也应该如此。所有渴望人民条件优越和先进的国家都应大力支持基础科学。 然而，我们也知道这样的事实。为了提高甚或保持我们的工业竞争力，我们必须掌握并促进一些明显具有战略重要意义的科学和技术领域。我们必须认识到这一事实：只有给予充分的自由，科学家和工程师才能发现或发明至今都梦想不到乃至更加重要的新技术。 如果规定所有研究人员应该从事的工作并设立简单的目标，规定他们从事的所有工作都是为了短期的商业应用，这无异于自杀，因而是不可行的。 博主的几点思考： 美国是一个从基础研究中尝到了甜头的国家。美国人在众多高科技领域处于世界领先地位（没处抄，没处仿），不靠基础研究靠什么？美国人懂得什么是基础研究，也知道该怎样去做基础研究？ 基础研究的内涵究竟是什么？ 它在中国好像已经被变异？政府在基础研究上的投入好像并未用到真正的基础研究上。许多打着基础研究旗号的工作实际上压根就没有什么科学问题。许多人对基础研究的理解与国际科学界的理解安全是两码事儿。如此下去，不会有真正意义上的回报，纳税人的钱不打水漂才怪？ 基础研究的使命与功能究竟是什么？ 它一定要为一个国家发展的 GDP 做贡献吗？ 基础研究的绩效究竟应该如何评价？ 发表一大堆可有可无的论文？还是应该去真刀真枪地去解决关键重要的科学问题？ 中国作为泱泱大国，她的基础研究水平在世界上究竟居于什么样的位置？应该在什么样的位置才算是相称？这样的水准是自炒自吹的？还是让人家心服口服认可的？ 一个国家在不同的发展阶段，基础研究与应用研究的投入比例究竟应该在多少才比较合适？跨越了引进、仿制阶段，自主原创的核心技术从何而来？没有扎实的基础研究作为支撑行吗？
奥巴马总统美国东部时间10月23日中午在MIT访问期间有很多花絮。有支持清洁能源的，有反战的，什么声音都有。没有人喊口号，没有骚乱，只是静静的打着标语。。。。。想让总统知道（出于安全因素可惜看不见），想让世人知道他们的想法。。。警察自始至终没有干预。。。这就是美国的自由。下面是博主拍摄的一些花絮，大家欣赏。 奥巴马总统在进入会场（转载） 不知道是抗议还是欢迎 The President at MIT 点击左边按钮播放 .
奥巴马总统演讲视频网址 http://amps-web.mit.edu/public/amps/webcast/2009/obama-2009oct23/ MIT校长Susan主持会议（转载） 奥巴马走上讲台（转载） 奥巴马总统演讲电视照片（博主拍摄） 奥巴马总统演讲电视照片（博主拍摄） 在MIT主楼大厅教室收看演讲实况的学生们（博主拍摄） 在4-237教室收看演讲实况（博主拍摄） 在26-100教室收看演讲实况的老师和学生们（博主拍摄） 如此多的人都没有办法进入会场（博主拍摄） 尽管看不见奥巴马总统，但是和他也就不到100米的距离了（博主拍摄） 奥巴马总统10月23日（美国东部时间）中午在参观MIT部分实验室后12点30分在MIT的Kresge Auditorium 发表了大约30分钟的讲演，主要内容是美国在清洁能源中的领导作用。Kresge Auditorium 大约能容纳1000左右听众，MIT的教职员工大约有200张票，普通人员就没有办法目睹奥巴马的风采了。不过MIT设了很多报告厅和教室大屏幕电视现场直播演讲实况，MIT网站上也同时直播演讲内容。奥巴马总统的来访日几乎成了MIT的节日，难得见到那么多人出来。 MIT校内新闻如下（转载） President Barack Obama, in a historic visit to the MIT campus, praised the Institute's commitment to energy research and issued a strong call for the nation to lead the world in the development of new, efficient and clean energy technologies. Nations everywhere are racing to develop new ways to produce and use energy, he said in remarks delivered to a packed Kresge Auditorium. The nation that wins this competition will be the nation that leads the global economy. I'm convinced of that. And I want America to be that nation. Before delivering his speech on American leadership in clean energy, the President was escorted by MIT President Susan Hockfield and MIT Energy Initiative Director Ernest Moniz on a tour of MIT laboratories conducting energy research. Extraordinary research being conducted at this Institute, Obama said, citing work that could lead to windows that generate electricity, batteries that are grown by viruses rather than being built, highly efficient new lighting systems and ways of storing energy from offshore windmills so that it can be delivered when needed. You just get excited being here, and seeing these extraordinary young people, he said. It taps into something essential about America, he said, asserting that the nation has always been about discovery. It's in our DNA. 'Heirs to a legacy of innovation' Obama's talk came as Congress gears up for hearings on clean energy legislation and as negotiators from around the world prepare for December's U.N. climate talks in Copenhagen. The President said that the clean-energy research he saw in the labs is a reminder that all of you are heirs to a legacy of innovation, not just here but across America, that has improved our health and our well being and helped us achieve unparalleled prosperity. But Obama indicated that this prosperity was in jeopardy, threatened in part by the very force that drives it. The system of energy that powers our economy also undermines our security and endangers our planet, he said. Discussing energy legislation that is presently working its way through the U.S. Congress with some bipartisan support, including a bill jointly sponsored by Republican Senator Lindsay Graham and Democratic Senator John Kerry, the President said he believed a consensus was growing. We are seeing a convergence, he said. The naysayers, the folks who would pretend that this is not an issue, they are being marginalized. But, he added, the closer we get, the harder the opposition will fight. Young people, he said, understand that this is the challenge of their generation. Indeed, Forgan McIntosh, co-president of the MIT Energy Club and an MBA student at the MIT Sloan School of Management, said before the event that he hoped the President would use his occasion to jump-start progress on redefining Washington's role in the energy sector and its leadership position in the global race for clean energy competitiveness. Reached after the speech, McIntosh said he was not disappointed. The President used his speech to express a solid commitment to leading the global clean energy race for both economic and climate concerns, he said. 'The go-to place' President Obama's visit to MIT was only the second in the Institute's history by a sitting president, following President Bill Clinton's appearance for a Commencement address in 1998. This was the first such visit to include a tour of laboratories and meetings with MIT faculty members. After taking the stage in Kresge, Obama began his talk with a few quips about MIT, initially describing it as the most prestigious school in Cambridge Massachusetts. The graduate of Harvard Law School quickly backtracked, adding, well, in this part of Cambridge. Then, referring to MIT's tradition of hacks, he said I might be here for a while a bunch of engineering students put my motorcade on top of Building 10. Following the speech, Moniz said Obama was truly thrilled with the work he saw and the scale of the commitment he saw here. Robert Armstrong, deputy director of the MIT Energy Initiative, said the fact that the President chose to come here for this talk illustrates the fact that MIT is becoming the go-to place for work on clean energy. Hockfield, in her remarks before the President's talk, said that President Obama has articulated a powerful vision for restoring economic growth, creating jobs and counteracting climate change by investing aggressively in clean energy research and development. Hockfield hailed the historic significance of the visit, saying the fact that President Obama has come to MIT to talk about America's potential to lead in clean energy is a tribute to the groundbreaking work of our faculty and students, including many in this room. She added that we share President Obama's view that clean energy is the defining challenge of this era. To meet the doubling of global energy demand by 2050; to drive new patents, new products, new industries and new jobs, and to mitigate climate change, clean energy is the only avenue. Chancellor Phillip L. Clay said that the President's visit signals that the administration understands the very important leadership contribution that MIT is making on the energy problem, and shows the President's commitment to applying science and technology to solving problems such as energy. Personally, he said, I'm just so pleased and proud there's no place on my body left to pinch. 奥巴马总统参观MIT实验室 President Barack Obama commended MIT for its extraordinary energy research and urged America to take leadership in cleaner technologies in a speech today at Kresge Auditorium. This is the nation that has led the world for two centuries in the pursuit of discovery. This is the nation that will lead the clean energy economy of tomorrow, Obama said to a crowd of about 750, including over 200 students and faculty. Obama singled out innovation as the solution to Americas challenges. He talked of a peaceful competition with other countries to develop alternative sources of energy. The nation that wins this competition will be the nation that leads the global economy. I am convinced of that. And I want America to be that nation, he said. He pointed out that the Recovery Act, or stimulus bill, is already leading the U.S. in the direction of green jobs and research. The act provides the largest single boost in scientific research in history, he said. The law also sets aside $80 billion dollars for creating jobs in alternative energy and energy efficiency. For Americans this investment acts not just help to end this recession, but to lay a new foundation for lasting prosperity, he said. Obama also advocated for the Senate climate change bill, which would cap greenhouse gas emissions and transform our energy system into one thats far more efficient, far cleaner. Obama Visits Bldg. 13 Before the speech, President Susan J. Hockfield and MIT Energy Initiative director Ernest J. Moniz led Obama on a tour of several laboratories focusing on clean energy and technology. Obama saw presentations on high-powered, virus-assembled batteries from Professors Angela M. Belcher and Paula T. Hammond 84; quantum dot LED lights from Professor Vladmir Bulovic; offshore wind turbines from Professor Alexander H. Slocum 82; and solar cell concentrators from Professor Marc A. Baldo. Hes just a warm, friendly human being. Slocum said. Ive met plenty of plastic politicians. Obama is just real. Crowds gather, Obama cracks jokes Obama arrived at Kresge shortly after 12:30 p.m. Cecilia R. Louis 10, a member of the Chorallaries, sang the national anthem. Both Hockfield and Moniz gave brief opening comments. Moniz praised Obamas commitment to integrating sound science and critical analysis. Obama began his speech with a light jab at his alma mater. Its always been a dream of mine to visit the most prestigious school in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he said to laughter and cheers. After a pause, he added hold on a second certainly the most prestigious school in this part of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Most students did not get tickets, but many still gathered near Kresge to try and catch a glimpse of the President. A few people also showed up to protest, drawing attention to human rights violations, the Afghanistan war, healthcare reform, and abortion. When Obamas motorcade came down Memorial Drive around 12:30 p.m., there were screams and pointing as the crowd ran down Mass. Ave. to see the procession. Later, in Kresge, Obama would return the enthusiastic greeting. You just get excited being here and seeing these extraordinary young people and the extraordinary leadership of Professor Hockfield because it taps into something essential about America its the legacy of daring men and women who put their talents and their efforts into the pursuit of discovery. Obama spoke for about 20 minutes, then came down from the podium to shake hands with MIT faculty and students. He left promptly after 1 p.m. to attend a $500-a-head fundraiser for Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick. 早在今年3月奥巴马总统和MIT校长Susan Hockfield 就清洁能源研究问题共同发表讲话 网址 http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/hockfield-whitehouse-0323.html startUp();
奥巴马总统10月23日中午12点（美国东部时间）将在MIT做题为美国在清洁能源中的领导作用的演讲。MIT正在紧锣密鼓的准备之中。演讲的地点在著名的kresge Auditorium。按照惯例23日中午前后MIT附近的交通会有所紧张。MIT在网站上告诉师生员工座位比较紧张，希望大家谅解！我看看到时候有没有运气了，请大家关注我的跟踪报道。2009年3月奥巴马总统在白宫和MIT校长Susan Hockfield共同敦促大力推动清洁能源的研究资助，博主曾经做过相关报道（ http://www.sciencenet.cn/m/user_content.aspx?id=222389 ）。 MIT网站上打出的奥巴马总统演讲的通知 地图中红A指示的是奥巴马总统演讲的具体位置 空中俯瞰奥巴马总统发表演讲的 kresge 礼堂 kresge 礼堂全景图 奥巴马访问期间至MIT成员的一封信： President Barack Obama will visit MIT on Friday, Oct. 23. Details of the event were described in an e-mail sent this evening to the MIT community from Kirk Kolenbrander, MIT's Vice President for Institute Affairs and Secretary of the Corporation. The letter follows It is my great pleasure to announce that on Friday, October 23, President Barack Obama will be visiting MIT, where he will deliver an address in Kresge Auditorium on clean energy after meeting some of the MIT faculty and students whose work centers on energy. The President will be joined by Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick. President Obamas decision to speak about energy from our campus is a high honor and one that can truly be shared by the entire MIT community. Students, faculty and staff at the Institute are helping to frame the national policy debate on energy, push the frontiers of energy research, and revitalize energy education. With our flagship energy initiative MITEI MIT is bringing real-world solutions to the most challenging problems in energy. President Obama and President Hockfield both believe that the leading minds in science and technology must bring their talent squarely to bear on creating transformational energy solutions. We are thrilled to see MIT recognized as central to that historic effort. 奥巴马总统演讲期间媒体记者注意事项： TO RSVP: Members of the media who wish to cover the visit should contact the White House Office of Media Affairs details here: www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/MediaRSVPMITRemarks10-23-09/ NOTE: All names submitted for credentials must be accurate and reflect the identification media presents at the check point. WHEN: Friday, Oct. 23. Press check in: 10-11 a.m.; Program: 12 p.m. WHERE: Kresge Auditorium , 48 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, Mass. (Note: This is directly across from the main MIT entrance at 77 Massachusetts Ave. See map here. ) FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT: Patti Richards, MIT News Office, 617.253.8923; prichards@mit.edu 访问过MIT的前美国总统如下： Harry Truman was scheduled to speak here while he was in office at MIT's mid-century convocation, but canceled the appearance because he was afraid he would be upstaged by the appearance of former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. He did appear for a speech years later, in 1956 , as an ex-president. Franklin Roosevelt made an appearance at MIT long before his presidency, in 1916, for the dedication of MIT's campus, when he was assistant secretary of the Navy. George H. W. Bush appeared at MIT in 1981, to address the annual dinner meeting of the MIT Sustaining Fellows in DuPont gymnasium, when he was vice-president. John F. Kennedy made a taped appearance, which was played during MIT's centennial celebrations in 1961. There is an unconfirmed report that Calvin Coolidge visited MIT and drank tea at Walker Memorial, but no information about when this might have taken place. 从 Main MIT entrance at 77 Massachusetts Ave看 Kresge Auditorium MIT将开放多个教室提供有限电视和网上直播（10月22日早上消息）
我来MIT很少听到有人议论甲型H1N1流感，人们似乎不惧怕这种疾病，几乎没有一个人戴口罩的。其实从今年9月开学，每周都有流感的疑似病例，到现在在MIT就诊的疑似流感病例达到了37例。MIT的医疗部门在校园报纸和网站上有流感知识介绍，校医院有专门的发热门诊。MIT报纸和网站上介绍最多的是如果出现流感症状在家好好休息，严重时候来医院就诊。不过校园内的预防甲型H1N1流感宣传画倒是不少，有的甚至贴到了洗手间。下面是我拍的一些照片，供大家参考，这些有趣图片把预防的知识都告诉了广大师生。。。。 A weekly round-up of flu-like illnesses seen at MIT Medical Week (Fri-Thu) ending: Average number of influenza-like illnesses seen per day in MIT Medical Urgent Care 10/8/2009 5 10/1/2009 8 9/24/2009 11 9/17/2009 13 Total 37 我恨流感大爆发 勤洗手 保持充足的睡眠 避免密切接触 捂住咳嗽 避免触摸你的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴 避免触摸你的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴 经常洗手 打流感疫苗 以下是MIT医疗中心的主任Howard M. Heller在今年9月25号 的视频讲话. Video Transcript: Howard M. Heller, MD, MPH, Chief of Medicine, MIT Medical, dispels the hype and offers advice about the H1N1 flu in this two-minute video Theres been a lot of hype over the last several months about H1N1, which some people are still calling the swine flu. One thing that its important to remember is that the H1N1 flu is very similar to the seasonal flu. Its no more contagious, its no more fatal than the seasonal flu. Should I get a flu shot? Flu shot is very important. This year, were going to be having two different vaccines. One is the seasonal flu vaccine, just like we have every year. But in addition to that, were going to be having a vaccine specifically for the H1N1. What precautions should I take? The general principles that Im sure everybody has heard about, are the hand-washing precautions, covering your mouth when you cough or when sneezing, because influenza as well as a lot of the other respiratory viruses are spread through respiratory secretions. Stay home? Youre kidding. At MIT, a lot of students, as well as faculty and other people, force themselves to go to work no matter how badly theyre feeling. Were encouraging people who have the flu, especially if they are very sick, not to do that and to stay home and take care of yourself Should I call my doctor? If youre not sure whether you should come in or if you can stay home, call. One of the doctors or nurses can advise you over the phone about whether it would be safe to stay home and rest up and try to recover, or if we think you should come in here to the Medical Department. Certainly, if somebody is very sick, meaning high fevers 103, 104 if anybody is having any difficulty breathing shortness of breath, pain in the chest, anything like that its important to come in to be evaluated, to make sure that you dont have pneumonia or another medical problem. We can also reassure everyone that MIT and MIT Medical has enough resources to care for everybody within the MIT community.
Hockfield, Obama urge major push in clean energy research funding David Chandler, MIT News Office March 23, 2009 At a press briefing at the White House on Monday, MIT President Susan Hockfield joined U.S. President Barack Obama in calling for a truly historic new level of federal funding for clean energy research. The event came as Congress prepares to take up the president's budget, which calls for dedicating $150 billion over 10 years for a new clean energy RD andtechnology fund.This initiative represents the largest and most important investment in science and technology by the U.S. government since the Apollo moon-landing program in the 1960s, Hockfield said. The federal investments made during the Apollo era spawned a set of technologies that have transformed our lives and workplaces, she said. The RD and technology investments that President Obama proposes have equally profound potential as an economic catalyst. That would be good news in any economy. But of course today, it provides a lifeline. The value of such investments was underscored by a 1997 report from the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, which was chaired by the new White House science advisor John Holdren, Hockfield said. That report showed that every government dollar invested in energy RD returns 40-fold to the economy -- in energy efficiency, energy savings and in new technologies -- a 40-to-1 return on investment, she said. The new clean energy technologies to be developed through this research and development funding will power our long term prosperity, Obama said at the briefing. With this new funding proposal, along with $39 billion in clean energy research funding and $20 billion in tax incentives that were included in the economic stimulus package, Obama said, we have achieved more in two months in support of a new clean-energy economy than we've achieved in perhaps 30 years. In addition, he said, the initiative will help the nation end, once and for all, our dependence on foreign oil. Also speaking at the White House briefing was Paul Holland, who is on the board of a new company called Serious Materials that has re-opened manufacturing plants shuttered by the housing downturn and is using them to produce what Obama described as probably some of the most energy-efficient windows in the world. Hockfield said that the kinds of new breakthroughs likely to be spawned by this federal investment in RD are exemplified by a variety of projects already under way at MIT. These include innovations that could turn windows into efficient, cost-effective solar cells, new materials that make batteries long-lasting, safe and rapidly charging, quantum dot light bulbs that are 500 percent more efficient than incandescent bulbs, and methods for using benign viruses to make clear, non-toxic, lightweight batteries. Hockfield said that in addition to the economic impact of these research funds, these same investments also offer the only route to the breakthrough technologies required to address the daunting challenges of energy security, rapidly accelerating energy demand and climate change. And, as an added bonus, solving these challenges has captured the imaginations and ambitions of young people -- students at MIT and across the country, young scientists and engineers passionately committed to inventing a bright, clean energy future. 下面是视频，请大家点击欣赏！ object width=365 height=340param name=movie value= http://www.c-spanarchives.org/flash/cspanPlayer.swf?pid=284779-2autoplay=0/paramparam name=allowFullScreen value=true/paramembed src= http://www.c-spanarchives.org/flash/cspanPlayer.swf?pid=284779-2autoplay=0 type=application/x-shockwave-flash allowfullscreen=true width=365 height=340/embed/object President Susan Hockfield speaks at White House briefing on energy and new technology spending.
转载网址： http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2009/3/217623.html 2009年3月18日，美国麻省理工学院（MIT）教员会议以全票通过了开放获取决议MIT教员的学术文章对公众免费开放并可在网络上获取。该决议立即生效，显示了MIT尽可能广泛地传播其研究成果的决心。 MIT教员主席Bish Sinyal说：这一投票向外界传达了这样的信息，我们发出了一致的声音，我们重视思想的自由流动。 在新的政策下，教员给与MIT非独有的许可权，通过Dspace以开放获取方式传播他们的论文。Dspace是由MIT图书馆和惠普公司研发并于2002年上线的一个开放源码软件平台。新政策让MIT和其教员有权以任何非营利目的使用这些论文。 在此之前，哈佛大学和斯坦福大学已经在一些学院施行了开放获取规定，但MIT的这项政策则是作为教员投票结果首次在全校范围内施行。 MIT图书馆馆长Ann Wolpert说：通过这一行动，MIT教员显示了他们在促进免费和开放学术交流方面的巨大领导力。为了追求更高的利润，出版商已经忽略了学术的价值。这一新政策将使论文作者的研究成果更易被公众获取，从而提高他们的研究和教育。（科学网 梅进/编译） MIT新闻转载： http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/open-access-0320.html MIT faculty open access to their scholarly articles March 20, 2009 CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 20 - In a move aimed at broadening access to MIT's research and scholarship, faculty at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have voted to make their scholarly articles available to the public for free and open access on the Web. The new policy, which was approved unanimously at an MIT faculty meeting on Wednesday, March 18 and took immediate effect, emphasizes MIT's commitment to disseminating the fruits of its research and scholarship as widely as possible. The vote is a signal to the world that we speak in a unified voice; that what we value is the free flow of ideas, said Bish Sinyal, chair of the MIT Faculty and the Ford International Professor of Urban Development and Planning. Under the new policy, faculty authors give MIT nonexclusive permission to disseminate their journal articles for open access through DSpace, an open-source software platform developed by the MIT Libraries and Hewlett Packard and launched in 2002. The policy gives MIT and its faculty the right to use and share the articles for any purpose other than to make a profit. Authors may opt out on a paper-by-paper basis. MIT's policy is the first faculty-driven, university-wide initiative of its kind in the United States. While Harvard and Stanford universities have implemented open access mandates at some of their schools, MIT is the first to fully implement the policy university-wide as a result of a faculty vote. MIT's resolution is built on similar language adopted by the Harvard Faculty of Arts Sciences in 2008. Scholarly publishing has so far been based purely on contracts between publishers and individual faculty authors, said Hal Abelson, the Class of 1922 Prof. of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and chair of the Ad-Hoc Faculty Committee on Open Access Publishing. In that system, faculty members and their institutions are powerless. This resolution changes that by creating a role in the publishing process for the faculty as a whole, not just as isolated individuals. In the current scholarly publishing system, individual authors are required to transfer all or most of their rights to the publisher. Typically publishers will strictly limit access to the work through licensing and charge increasingly high subscription rates back to universities to access the articles. University libraries have faced subscription rates rising at a rate far outpacing inflation. The MIT Libraries, for example, spend more than three times as much on journal subscriptions today than they did in 1986. Through this action, MIT faculty have shown great leadership in the promotion of free and open scholarly communication, said MIT Director of Libraries Ann Wolpert, who worked closely with Abelson and others to move the resolution forward.In the quest for higher profits, publishers have lost sight of the values of the academy. This will allow authors to advance research and education by making their research available to the world. MIT has long focused on projects and initiatives that encourage the open sharing of knowledge, with the goal of advancing learning and education worldwide. MIT's DSpace repository contains the digital research materials of MIT faculty and researchers and allows them to be saved, searched and shared worldwide. MIT OpenCourseWare (OCW) was launched in 2001 with the goal of making all MIT course materials available, free of charge, to anyone over the World Wide Web. Since then, OCW has shared MIT course materials with more than 50 million visitors worldwide and inspired hundreds of other universities to do the same. The new open access resolution will now remove barriers to making all of MIT's research openly available to the world. A faculty committee will work with the MIT Libraries to oversee implementation and determine a workflow for adding articles to DSpace. Under the new open access model, potentially thousands of papers published by MIT faculty each year will be added to DSpace and made freely available on the web and accessible through search engines such as Google.
以下文字,大意是MIT注重了对于未来科学家和工程师领导能力的培养. 来自1998年北京大学出版社出版的英语活页文选. MITS Leader Shape Program A new science and engineering undergraduate program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is helping prepare students to become leaders capable of envisioning and directing change in local, national, and global communities. Three years ago, MIT partnered with LeaderShape, Inc. to create the campus-based LeaderShape Institute. Program leaders call it a coherent, thoughtful, and innovative response to todays fundamental challenge to develop scientists and engineers who are prepared to lead with integrity both in technological fields and in society. Central to that effort is helping students learn to listen to society as it articulates its need for change. For the past three summers, the LeaderShape Institute has provided 120MIT science and engineering students with an intensive six-day experience featuring highly interactive teaching and learning methodologies. Throughout the program, students develop skills in problem identification and problem solving, professional ethics, decision making, dealing with uncertainty, working within a diverse community, and interpersonal communication. Most discussions and activities takes place in assigned small clusters, which provide supportive, safe environments that promote learning and develop new skills and attitudes. Each participant creates an individual plan of action called a vision, which is the hallmark of the LeaderShape curriculum. Each vision must be designed to bring positive change to the campus community, and it must be carried out during the following academic year. A new program component is aimed at developing teamwork skills among emerging leaders. Students work in interdisciplinary clusters of approximately 10 undergraduates to develop technological solutions for social change. Students are encouraged to identify the appropriate steps to design, develop, prototype, and distribute their solutions. In the upcoming academic year, MIT LeaderShape students will be invited to adopt one or more of these cluster visions and to pursue the technological solutions to social issues identified in the past semester. With faculty and staff, the students will have an opportunity to work as an interdisciplinary team in the yearlong pursuit of appropriate solutions. Students may elect to receive academic credit for these efforts. Through the LeaderShape program, MIT is preparing tomorrows science and engineering leaders to listen to the world as it tells them what it values. As they listen, they will hear that society supports a fundamental commitment to basic research, but has concerns about crime, disabilities, hunger and homelessness, and the environment. The engineering and science professions can be major contributors in helping solve these problems, but only if future scientists and engineers are prepared to consider these problems more than they have in the past and to help society find solutions. The MIT program may be a model for other institutions seeking to provide such preparation to their students. (From Education Record , Summer/Fall,1997)
标签: MIT
