The Top 10 Retractions of 2014 A look at this year’s most memorable retractions By Adam Marcus and Ivan Oransky | December 23, 2014 FLICKR, JUDY VAN DER VELDEN This year, stories about scientific retractions were dominated by big numbers—60 at once in one case, 120 in one fell swoop in another—as well as the eyebrow-raising practice of researchers submitting fake peer reviews , often ones they themselves had written . Here are our picks for the top 10 stories, in no particular order. 1. It would be difficult to chronicle 2014’s key retractions without noting the two STAP stem cell paper retractions from Nature . Readers detected significant problems with the research, and Haruko Obokata, who led the studies, was ultimately unable to replicate the findings . Nature has defended its decision to publish the articles, saying editors couldn’t have detected the errors . Science , however, had earlier rejected one of the manuscripts for being too flawed to publish. One of Obokata’s colleagues, Yoshiki Sasai, was not responsible for any misconduct, but committed suicide following the scandal . 2. Although this story technically broke last year, it was late enough not to make our 2013 list , and the retraction happened in 2014 : A former researcher at Iowa State University (ISU) spiked rabbit blood samples with human blood to make it look as though his HIV vaccine was working. Dong-Pyou Han is now facing criminal charges, and ISU was forced to pay back nearly $500,000 of his salary —both rare events. 3. In July, the publisher SAGE retracted 60 articles from the Journal of Vibration and Control after an investigation revealed a “peer review and citation ring” in which at least one professor in Taiwan, Peter Chen, allegedly assumed false identities to promote his own work. 4. Just two weeks after publishing a paper on the psychology of Facebook users, PNAS issued an Expression of Concern about the work . The article’s many critics complained that the study violated ethical norms because it did not alert participants that they were taking part in a research project. As The Atlantic put it: “ Even the Editor of Facebook’s Mood Study Thought It Was Creepy .” 5. Two major publishers were caught out after having published more than 120 bogus papers produced by the random text generator SCIgen . French computer scientist Cyril Labbé of Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble catalogued computer-generated papers that made it into more than 30 published conference proceedings between 2008 and 2013. Sixteen appeared in publications by Springer, and more than 100 were published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). 6. So much for science in the public interest: Bowing to commercial pressure, the authors of a paper in the African Journal of Food Sciences on cassava yanked it after a company claimed the article was damaging to its business . 7. A highly controversial 2012 study retracted in 2013 resurfaced this year . The paper by Gilles-Eric Séralini and colleagues on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and rats was republished— without going through peer review , according to the editor of the journal where it ran. 8. The investigation into the work of social psychologist Jens Förster, which has been going on for most of the year, resulted in its first retraction in November . Förster, who is accused of manipulating data, has vehemently denied wrongdoing. 9. Stem cell research popped up on Retraction Watch a number of times this year. In one significant case, Circulation retracted a 2012 study by a group of Harvard heart specialists over concerns of corrupt data, and the university is investigating. There has also been an expression of concern in The Lancet . The group was led by Piero Anversa, a leading cardiologist, who along with a colleague filed suit against the institution on the grounds that the inquiry was damaging to his career prospects. 10. Finally, in the last few weeks of the year, Elsevier retracted 16 papers by one researcher after it became clear that fake peer reviews were behind the acceptances of Khalid Zaman’s papers. Adam Marcus and Ivan Oransky are co-founders of Retraction Watch.
中国医学研究（2008-2012）高引top10 诸平 通过微软学术搜索对于亚太地区的研究机构进行研究，选择医学领域近5年（2008-2012）累计被引次数进行排序，前400名中有我国研究机构125家，再对其进行平均被引频次进行计算并排名后，其中平均被引频次的Top10(由于并列其实是11家机构)如下： 中国 125 家机构近 5 年来 医学研究平均被引排序表 Ranking Organizations Publications Citation Citation/ Publication 1 Shandong Institute of Light Industry 52 607 11.67 2 Inner Mongolia University 283 933 3.30 3 Hangzhou Normal University 184 573 3.11 4 Wuhan University of Technology 235 702 2.99 5 Hong Kong University of Science Technology 1200 3424 2.85 6 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College 1664 4664 2.80 7 National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan 941 2505 2.66 8 Yangzhou University 624 1617 2.59 9 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 1009 2567 2.54 10 Shantou University 622 1535 2.47 10 Shaanxi University of Science Technology 275 678 2.47
2013《科学美国人》最受喜欢的故事 诸平 2013年12月30日，《科学美国人》（ Scientific American ）网站推出了在即将过去的一年中，发表的最受喜欢的10个故事和以前发表的最受读者喜欢的10个故事，摘引如下供大家参考。 Scientific American 's most popular stories published in 2013 included the following: 1. The Awesomest 7-Year Postdoc or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Tenure-Track Faculty Life 2. Just a Theory: 7 Misused Science Words 3. Dear American Consumers: Please Don't Start Eating Healthfully. Sincerely, the Food Industry 4. Tread Lightly: Labels That Translate Calories into Walking Distance Could Induce People to Eat Less 5. The sheepshead fish has human teeth, but it's okay because it won't give you a psychedelic crisis 6. You Are Less Beautiful Than You Think 7. How to Really Eat Like a Hunter-Gatherer: Why the Paleo Diet Is Half-Baked 8. The Rich See a Different Internet Than the Poor 9. Carbon Planets Turn Earth's Chemistry on Its Head 10. Psychologists Identify the Best Ways to Study Below are are some of the most popular stories viewed this year that were published prior to 2013: Men and Women Can't Be Just Friends: Scientific American Why do cats purr? How long can a person survive without food? How Brainless Slime Molds Redefine Intelligence Why does lactic acid build up in muscles? And why does it cause soreness? What is the function of the human appendix? Did it once have a purpose that has since been lost? Scientists Discover Children's Cells Living in Mothers' Brains Strange but True: Drinking Too Much Water Can Kill How long can humans stay awake? The Unleashed Mind: Why Creative People Are Eccentric
2013最难忘的撤稿十件事 诸平 据 《科学家》（ The Scientist ） 杂志网站 2013 年 12 月 30 日 报道，援引“撤稿观察”（ Retraction Watch ）的信息，自 2010 年创办该博客以来，科学文献的撤稿情况接二连三，可以说是络绎不绝。据汤姆森科技知网（ Thomson Scientific’s Web of Knowledge ）报道， 有 511 篇论文撤稿。作者（ Adam Marcus and Ivan Oransky ）根据读者的反应和其他 “ 科学 ” 的因素列出了 2013 年撤稿最令人难忘的前 10 名，排名不分先后，具体内容摘引如下供大家参考。 FLICKR, JUDY VAN DER VELDEN 1. One of our favorite stories this yearwas about a 15-year-old retraction by David Vaux, of the Walter and Eliza HallInstitute of Medical Research. Vaux, who has fought the good fight forscientific integrity many times, had a heck of a time publishing a rebuttal toa flawed piece of research in Nature. So he decided to retract his own essay about that study . 2. Another retraction story took a page outof a spy novel: Investigators looking into research by a star researcher wereforced to install hidden cameras that revealed he was tampering with the evidence . He has now retracted three papers from the literature. 3. Graduate students take note: Faking datain your dissertation can still get you a PhD, as long as the thesis remains “ scientifically valid .” That would seem to be the take-homemessage of the tale of Nitin Aggarwal, whom the Office of Research Integrity(ORI) found guilty of misconduct . The case has led to one retraction so far . 4. Speaking of ORI investigations, werecommend reading about the case of Michael W. Miller , who faked data on his federal grantapplications and had several papers retracted in 2012. This year, however,Miller bounced back, landing a job as, you guessed it, a consultant for grant applications ! (He lost that gig afterwe called his employers to ask if they knew about his past.) 5. For sheer controversy value, one of thebiggest retractions of 2013 has to be that of a 2012 paper on genetically modified maize and rats by Gilles Séraliniand colleagues. In the retraction—which Séralini strongly opposed—the editor of Foodand Chemical Toxicology didn’t cite any of the usual reasons forretraction, such as fraud or gross error, instead basically saying that thepaper shouldn’t have passed peer review to begin with . 6. The flip side of author objections mightbe, “What does it take to get your own paper retracted?” That question occurredto anyone who had followed the story of Robert Trivers, who finally succeededin having a 2005 Nature paper he’d co-authored—and soon doubted— retracted in November . 7. We have to hand it this year toscientists who’ve done the right thing , which in our case means retractingpapers even if it comes at great professional cost. Biologists PamelaRonald and Daniel St. Johnston , who voluntarily retracted papers from Science and Nature,respectively, are on that list. And scientists reward that kind of behaviortoo, it appears . 8. In January, we wrote about a successfuleffort by “ Clare Francis ,” the pseudonymous scourge of journalsworldwide, to force a retraction of a 2006 paper in the Journal of CellBiology —providing proof positive of our contention that anonymouswhistleblowers deserve a fair hearing by editors. Love him or hate him—and yes,Clare is a “he”— Francis is right more often than a broken clock, to mangle afavorite phrase of Ivan’s father. 9. We have several candidates in a category we call “ Plagiarism Euphemism of the Year .” There’s “unattributedoverlap,” “a significant originality issue,” and an “approach.” Why, we wonder,do journals have such a hard time naming It That Cannot Be Named? 10. For some comic . . . well, not quiterelief, given the subject, but the retraction of “ Penile Strangulation by Metallic Rings ” deserves a mention. Finally, although it was not a retraction,an honorable mention goes to Serbian academics who managed to get an Alan Sokal-esque paper citing Borat and porn star Ron Jeremy publishedin a Romanian magazine. Happy 2014! Here’s hoping you don’t have toretract too many of your New Year’s resolutions. Ivan Oransky and Adam Marcus areco-founders of RetractionWatch .
来源： 科学网 www.sciencenet.cn 发布时间：2012-1-12 16:25:12 选择字号： 小 中 大 施普林格2011年最受科研人员欢迎书籍Top10 新年伊始，Springer公布了2011年最受科研人员喜爱的书籍Top 10（具体排名请见下表），涵盖数学与统计学、经济学、计算机科学和教育学等学科。 English for Writing Research Papers作为英语学术写作系列书籍中的一本位列榜首。在国际期刊上发表研究论文对于科研人员至关重要，为了提高投稿的命中率及避免一些英语语言上的表达错误，该书列举了5000多篇英语非母语作者的研究论文和500多篇博士研究生的论文综述中常见的英语语言错误，并有超过1000小时的英文研究论文写作的指导课程。 欲了解更多书籍信息，请您链接 http://www.springer.com/booksellers?SGWID=8-120-0-0-0 Springer 2011年最受科研人员欢迎书籍Top10 Ranking ISBN-13 Author / Editor Title No. 1 978-1-4419-7921-6 Wallwork English for Writing Research Papers No. 2 978-1-85233-896-1 Dekking A Modern Introduction to Probability and Statistics No. 3 978-3-642-19362-0 Plattner In-Memory Data Management No. 4 978-1-4419-8163-9 Hummel Electronic Properties of Materials No. 5 978-0-387-31073-2 Bishop Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning No. 6 978-3-642-18365-2 Langtangen A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python No. 7 978-1-85233-919-7 Otto An Introduction to Programming and Numerical Methods in MATLAB No. 8 978-3-540-42688-2 Arbarello Geometry of Algebraic Curves No. 9 978-0-387-79053-4 Dalgaard Introductory Statistics with R No. 10 978-1-4419-6590-5 Wallwork English for Presentations at International Conferences 分享到： 打印 发E-mail给： 以下评论只代表网友个人观点，不代表科学网观点。 2012-5-10 8:09:58 Ryanlex 希望这些书我能找到！
亚洲前10位排名名单： 1 1 香港大学 University of Hong Kong 香港 2 4 香港科技大学 The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology 香港 3 10= 新加坡国立大学 National University of Singapore (NUS) 新加坡 4 2 香港中文大学 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 香港 5 3 东京大学 The University of Tokyo 日本 6 8 首尔国立大学 Seoul National University 韩国 7 6 大阪大学 Osaka University 日本 8 5 京都大学 Kyoto University 日本 9 13 东北大学 Tohoku University 日本 10 12 名古屋大学 Nagoya University 日本 国大陆地区名校排名：（共39所） 12= PEKING University China 1.北京大学 15= TSINGHUA University China 2.清华大学 24 University of Science and Technology of ... China 3.中国科技大学 26 FUDAN University China 4.复旦大学 27 NANJING University China 5. 南京大学 29 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University China 6.上海交通大学 32 ZHEJIANG University China 7.浙江大学 70 TIANJIN University China 8.天津大学 75 XI'AN JIAOTONG University China 9.西安交通大学 94 TONGJI University China 10.同济大学 95 SOUTHEAST University China 11.东南大学 101= SHANDONG University China 12.山东大学 110= BEIJING Normal University China 13.北京师范大学 116 JILIN University China 14.吉林大学 121 NANKAI University China 15.南开大学 125= SUN YAT-SEN University China 16.中山大学 140 EAST CHINA University of Science and Tec... China 17.华东理工大学 143 HUNAN University China 18.湖南大学 144= NANJING Agricultural University China 19.南京农业大学 146 BEIJING Institute of Technology China 20.北京理工大学 148 EAST CHINA Normal University China 21.华东师范大学 150= LANZHOU University China 22.兰州大学 151= XIAMEN University China 23.厦门大学 151= YUNNAN University China 23.云南大学 151= DALIAN University of Technology China 23.大连理工大学 161= DONGHUA University China 26.东华大学 161= SOOCHOW University China 26.苏州大学 161= China Agricultural University China 26.中国农业大学 161= NANJING University of Aeronautics and As... China 26.南京航空航天大学 161= HUAZHONG University of Science and Techn... China 26.华中科技大学 171= RENMIN University of China China 31.中国人民大学 171= NORTHWESTERN Polytechnical University China 31.西北工业大学 181= BEIHANG University (former BAUU) China 33.北京航空航天大学 181= SICHUAN University China 33.四川大学 181= CENTRAL SOUTH University China 33.中南大学 181= SOUTD CHINA University of Technology 33.华南理工大学 191= NANJING Normal University China 37.南京师范大学 191= NORTHEAST Normal University China 37.东北师范大学 191= BEIJING FOREIGN STUDIES University China 37.北京外国语大学
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