2008年至2010年，我在清华大学做博士后，与刘大成博士合作出版了《完美医疗：医疗卫生的理想与疾病控制论》，比较系统地阐述完美医疗的概念、理论支持、应用实证、实现途径等。自完美医疗提出，一晃五年过去，这些年里，我努力向各界介绍完美医疗，宣传完美医疗，也坚持做着深入的研究，发表几篇文章，有关完美医疗的第二部著作《疾病控制论：实证与方法》也在出版社编排中。 十多天前，我听到朋友发来信息，毕马威（KPMG）的全球医疗卓越中心主席Mark Britnell在北京举行新书发布会，书名叫《寻找完美医疗体系》，我看完简单的介绍，十分感动。Mark的完美医疗英文称作：the perfect health system，对应的医疗卫生体系，采用英国的表达方式；我们的完美医疗英文表述为：the perfect health service syetem，对应的医疗卫生体系，采用的WHO及美国的表达方式。可以认定，Mark所述的完美医疗与我们所述的完美医疗是一致的。 前天，我拿到朋友帮我向Mark索要的作者签名书，浏览过后，大致了解了作者的思路。他考察了几十个国家的医疗卫生服务体系（NHSS），分析各自的优点和缺点，将12个国家或地区的优点集合起来，称为完美医疗。我们的完美医疗，则是在苏州汉德公司大量的实践基础上，结合大量考察活动，将完美医疗描述为：人人享有基本医疗、医疗服务满足各种层次需求、资源配置合理、管理简约高效、医务工作者安定、发病率稳定、民众医疗常识普及、社会健康意识良好等，并且各项指标处于最优。 Mark的理想与我的理想其实是一致的，我们都期望有一种美好的医疗体系，那就是完美医疗。在过去探索的时间里，我是一个孤独的前行者，大概Mark也是。好了，现在我们有了同伴了！ Mark在赠书的扉页上写着： Dear Dr. Lu, Good luck with your book! I hope you enjoy mine! yours, Mark Britnell. 我也一样，祝Mark好运。
美国古植物学家 Jeffrey Mark Osborn分别于1985年和1987年在Texas State University生物系获得学士和硕士学位( Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas) 。 1991年从俄亥俄州立大学植物生物系(Ohio State University, Columbus , OH) 获得博士 学位。他的学位论文工作主要研究了裸子植物化石花粉的超微结构及其演化意义。 Jeffrey M . Osborn曾在University of Alberta植物系从事博士后研究( Edmonton,Alberta, Canada)。2006年之前，供职于 Truman State University（ Kirksville, Missouri）。 自 2006年至今， Jeffrey M . Osborn供职于The College of New Jersey (Ewing, NJ)，担任生物学教授和科学学院院长。 1996--1999年，Jeffrey M . Osborn 服务美国植物学会古植物学分会，担任主席、秘书。参见： http://www.botany.org/paleo/officers.html#Former Former Section Officers, Paleobotanical Section, Botanical Society of America Year-1996 Year Meeting Location Month Elected Chairperson Secretary /Treasurer Editor/compiler Bibliography Web Manager Editorial Rep. Amer. J. Bot. 1996 Seattle 8/95 C.P. Daghlian J.M. Osborn S. Manchester JeffreyM. Osborn, Ph.D., Ohio State University, 1991 Year-1997 Year Meeting Location Month Elected Chairperson Secretary /Treasurer Editor/compiler Bibliography Web Manager Editorial Rep. Amer. J. Bot. 1997 Montreal 8/96 G. Upchurch J.M. Osborn P. Herendeen Year-1998 Year Meeting Location Month Elected Chairperson Secretary /Treasurer Editor/compiler Bibliography Web Manager Editorial Rep. Amer. J. Bot. 1998 Baltimore 8/97 P. Herendeen J.M. Osborn P. Herendeen Year-1999 Year Meeting Location Month Elected Chairperson Secretary /Treasurer Editor/compiler Bibliography Web Manager Editorial Rep. Amer. J. Bot. 1999 St Louis 8/98 J. Osborn S.R. Manchester P. Herendeen ∮ 1 教育背景 （ Education ） 1991: Ph.D. PlantBiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1987: M.S. Botany,Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas; 1985: B.S. Biology,Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas; Jeffrey M. Osborn的硕士学位论文： Title: The floral biology of Brasenia schreberi (Nymphaeaceae) Author: JeffreyMark Osborn Publisher:1987 Dissertation: M.S. SouthwestTexas State University 1988 Database: WorldCat -------------------------- Jeffrey M. Osborn的博士学位论文： Title: Comparative ultrastructure of fossil gymnosperm pollen and implications regarding the origin of angiosperms Author: JeffreyMark Osborn Publisher:1991 Dissertation: Ph. D. OhioState University 1991 OCLC Number: 25637564 Notes: Advisor: Thomas N. Taylor, Dept.of Plant Biology. Description: xii, 212 leaves :illustrations Other Titles: Gymnosperm pollen andimplications regarding the origin of angiosperms, Comparative ultrastructure offossil ∮ 2 研究兴趣 (Research interests) 植物演化生物学 (plant evolutionary biology) ∮ 3 部分论著 (Publications) ----------------- 孙启高 2015年9月5日整理 本期编目 古植物学的故事 398 期 Story of Paleobotany Series (No.3 98 ) Umbrella of American Paleobotany-155 -Jeffrey Mark Osborn http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-918782.html 2015-9-6 02:51 ==================== 参见： Jeffrey Mark Osborn http://osborn.pages.tcnj.edu/biographical-sketch/ 古植物学的故事 372期 Story of Paleobotany Series (No.372) 尊重自然历史尊重学术历史 铁打的营盘 VS 流水的兵 : Paleobotany vs Paleobotanist http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-903352.html 2015-7-6 22:06 古植物学的故事 228 期 Story of Palaeobotany Series (No.228) Umbrella of American palaeobotany--1: An unfinished list of American palaeobotanists http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-826366.html 2014-9-1005:45 古植物学的故事 370期 Story of Paleobotany Series (No.370) Umbrella of American paleobotany-129- Open the Umbrella of American paleobotany -- 撑开美国古植物学之伞 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-225931-901814.html 2015-7-1 00:02 =============================== https://osborn.pages.tcnj.edu/publications/ Osborn,J. M. and E. L. Schneider. 1988. Morphological studies of the Nymphaeaceae sensulato . XVI. The floral biology of Brasenia schreberi . Annals ofthe Missouri Botanical Garden 75: 778-794 Osborn, J. M., T. N. Taylor, and J. F. White, Jr. 1989. Palaeofibulus ,gen. nov., a clamp-bearing fungus from the Triassic of Antarctica. Mycologia 81: 622-626. Osborn, J. M. and T. N. Taylor. 1989. Structurally preservedsphenophytes from the Triassic of Antarctica: Vegetative remains of Spaciinodum ,gen. nov. American Journal of Botany 76: 1594-1601. Osborn, J. M. and T. N. Taylor. 1990. Morphological andultrastructural studies of plant cuticular membranes. I. Sun and shade leavesof Quercus velutina (Fagaceae). Botanical Gazette 151: 465-476. Osborn, J. M., T. N. Taylor, and E. L. Schneider. 1991. Pollenmorphology and ultrastructure of the Cabombaceae: Correlations with pollinationbiology. American Journal of Botany 78: 1367-1378. Osborn, J. M., T. N. Taylor, and P. R. Crane. 1991. Theultrastructure of Sahnia pollen (Pentoxylales). American Journal ofBotany 78: 1560-1569. Osborn, J. M., T. N. Taylor, and P. R. Crane. 1991.The ultrastructure of Sahnia pollen (Pentoxylales). American Journalof Botany 78: 1560-1569. Taylor, T. N. and J. M. Osborn. 1992. The role of wood inunderstanding saprophytism in the fossil record. CFS-CourierForschungsinstitut Senckenberg 147: 147-153 Osborn, J. M., T. N. Taylor, and M. R. de Lima. 1993. Theultrastructure of fossil ephedroid pollen with gnetalean affinities from theLower Cretaceous of Brazil. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 77: 171-184. Osborn, J. M. and T. N. Taylor. 1993. Pollen morphology andultrastructure of the Corystospermales: Permineralized in situ grains from theTriassic of Antarctica. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 79: 205-219. Osborn, J. M. and T. N. Taylor. 1995. Pollen morphology andultrastructure of the Bennettitales: In situ pollen of Cycadeoidea . American Journal of Botany 82: 1074-1081. Osborn, J. M., G. El-Ghazaly, and R. L. Cooper . 2001.Development of the exineless pollen wall in Callitriche truncata (Callitrichaceae) and the evolution of underwater pollination. Plant Systematics and Evolution 228: 81-87. Osborn, J. M., G. El-Ghazaly, and R.L. Cooper . 2001. Development of the exineless pollen wall in Callitrichetruncata (Callitrichaceae) and the evolution of underwater pollination. PlantSystematics and Evolution 228: 81-87. Osborn, J. M. and M. L. Taylor. 2010. Pollen and coprolitestructure in Cycadeoidea (Bennettitales): Implications for understandingpollination and mating systems in Mesozoic cycadeoids. In: C. T. Gee(Editor), Plants in Deep Mesozoic Time: Morphological Innovations,Phylogeny, and Ecosystems, pages 34-49 . Indiana University Press,Bloomington, IN. Taylor, M. L., P. J. Hudson, J. M. Rigg, J. N. Strandquist, J.S. Green, T. C. Thiemann, and J. M. Osborn. 2012. Tapetum structure andontogeny in Victoria (Nymphaeaceae). Grana 51: 107-118. Taylor, M. L., P. J. Hudson, J. M. Rigg, J. N.Strandquist, J. S. Green, T. C. Thiemann, and J. M. Osborn. 2013. Pollenontogeny in Victoria (Nymphaeales). International Journalof Plant Sciences 174: 1259-1276. (Including color cover of journalissue for November/December 2013).
web of science的一些使用技巧： web of science 如何找课题的综述文献 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/ff42efa9137ebec19e2202cc.html web of science 如何找相关高影响力文献 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/14bd256e257309bb6d2612ce.html web of science 了解某领域近年发展趋势 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/2009576191883acb0721b4f4.html web of science 如何找到学科IF高的期刊 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/e52e3615a69b8b40c60c51fb.html web of science 查看期刊影响因子变化 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/c45ad29cdd7350051753e2e0.html web of science 新版分析检索结果功能 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/63acb44ae3872d61fcc17ea8.html web of science 如何选择适合SCI期刊发表 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/8275fc86b0de6546a03cf6ab.html web of science 如何选择合适的审稿人 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/6fb756ecbb1968241958fb48.html web of science 如何查看论文他引和自引 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/3c343ff701b9fc0d37796322.html web of science 如何免费下载SCI文献 http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/2fb0ba404f394e00f2ec5f26.html web of science 将搜索结果导入Endnote http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/77b8dc7fc37d796174eab627.html 还有一些关于Endnote的 http://jingyan.baidu.com/user/nuc/expList?type=5 基本单位 基本单位 物理量 名称 符号 国际单位制 的值 普朗克单位制 的值 质量 电子静质量 9.109 3826(16)×10 -31 kg 10 -8 kg 长度 玻尔半径 5.291 772 108(18)×10 -11 m 10 -35 m 电荷 基本电荷 1.602 176 53(14)×10 -19 C 10 -18 C 角动量 约化普朗克常数 1.054 571 68(18)×10 -34 J s （相同） 能量 哈特里能量 4.359 744 17(75)×10 -18 J 10 9 J 静电力常数 库仑常数 8.987551787×10 9 C -2 N m 2 （相同） 这六个量并不相互独立，要使得它们的数值全部变为1，只需要令其中任意四个量变为1即可。例如，可以将除了 哈特里能量 与 库仑常数 之外的四个量归一化，那么这两个量也会自然地被归一化。 部分导出单位 导出单位 物理量 表达式 国际单位制 的值 普朗克单位制 的值 时间 2.418 884 326 505(16)×10 -17 s 10 -43 s 速度 2.187 691 2633(73)×10 6 m s -1 10 8 m s -1 力 8.238 7225(14)×10 -8 N 10 44 N 电流 6.623 617 82(57)×10 -3 A 10 26 A 温度 3.157 7464(55)×10 5 K 10 32 K 压强 2.942 1912(19)×10 13 N m -2 10 114 Pa 1立方埃= 6.7482 au Theories in high-Tc (in semi-backwards chronology): One of the most publicized discoveries in cuprates in recent years has been the observation of short-range charge density wave correlations above (and below) Tc in almost every cuprate. There are speculations that this might be the answer to the origin of the pseudogap, though the phenomenology doesn't match up exactly. In any case, a number of theorists including Steve Kivelson ( arXiv.org Search ) and Subir Sachdev ( arXiv.org Search ) are exploring why charge order develops in the cuprates, how it is related to superconductivity , and how it affects superconductivity (and vis versa). A related line of inquiry, promoted by Kivelson and his academic progeny, is 'nematic order' which is a charge density wave akin to a nematic liquid crystal, with directionality but no positional order. Another related avenue is the study of 'stripes' which are a type of spin-and-charge density wave which was observed in one family of cuprates, and explored extensively throughout the history of the cuprates (review article: Spins, Stripes, and Superconductivity in Hole-Doped Cuprates ). Yet another related proposal for the origin of the pseudogap, championed by Bob Laughlin and Sudip Chakravarty in the early 2000s is d -density wave order ( Hidden Order in the Cuprates ). Recently, Bob Laughlin, a Nobel laureate, has purported to calculate the entire cuprate phase diagram via a Hartree-Fock approach: Hartree-Fock Computation of the High-Tc Cuprate Phase Diagram . Science published an article about this work, which highlights the interesting sociology of this field: Science Magazine - 20 December 2013 Chandra Varma is a proponent of loop-current order ( arXiv.org Search ), which is a type of orbital order which does not break translational symmetry. It is supported by neutron scattering experiments. Patrick Lee at MIT has a theory called amperean pairing to explain the pseudogap phase and other aspects of the experimental literature. In this theory, the pseudogap is a sort of superconductor without phase coherence where the Cooper pairs have a net momentum (in most superconductors, the net momentum is zero). Spin-fluctuation mediated superconductivity . The proximity of antiferromagnetic order to superconductivity on the cuprate phase diagram suggest that physics related to magnetic fluctuations may be important for superconductivity . Additionally, this pairing mechanism would favor the observed d x 2 − y 2 dx2−y2 symmetry of the superconducting gap in cuprates, though it is not the only mechanism of achieving that pairing symmetry. I am not sure exactly who are/were the key proponents of this theory. Superconductivity mediated by fluctuations related to a quantum critical point. A quantum critical point is a second order phase transition which is pushed to zero temperature, by a non-thermal control parameter. On the phase diagram above, the non-thermal control parameter is doping, but pressure or magnetic field can serve that role in other materials. In the cuprates as well as other unconventional superconductors (heavy Fermions, iron pnictides), superconductivity seems to appear when another (often magnetic) phase is suppressed by doping or pressure. In many proposals that posit that the pseudogap in the cuprates is an ordered phase, it is implicit that it might end in a quantum critical point which could be implicated in causing superconductivity . There is not a singular proponent of this idea as it relates to the cuprates, but Subir Sachdev has written papers and a textbook on the topic, and a more 'general audience' article can be found here: Quantum Criticality Superconducting fluctuations as the origin of the pseudogap. Two things must happen for a material to become a superconductor: low energy electrons pair up into Cooper pairs ('pairing') and the Cooper pairs form a condensate ('phase coherence'). In conventional superconductors, these two things happen at almost the same temperature, but it has been suggested that in the cuprates pairing might take place at a much higher temperature than phase coherence ( Importance of phase fluctuations in superconductors with small superfluid density ). This proposal is justified given the low superfluid density and the 2D nature of the cuprates, and it gives an explanation of why the phase diagram looks like it does. However, it doesn't necessarily explain why Cooper pairs form in the first place. RVB (resonating valence bond) theory, was proposed as a solution to the entire problem of cuprate superconductivity by Phil Anderson, another prominent Nobel laureat who worked on cuprates, back in 1987, just one year after the discovery of cuprates ( Personal history of my engagement with cuprate superconductivity , 1986-2010 ). Edit: This paper nicely summarizes the field up to Sept 2014: High Temperature Superconductivity in the Cuprates
九种mark-up languages that can be used to Sweave together data, code, and results： * LaTeX: The Sweave utility in base R provides a method for creating LaTeX files wich can then be converted to PDF files. * HTML: The R2HTML, HTMLutils, hwriter, prettyR, and Hmisc packages provide methods for outputting R code and output to HTML pages. * asciiDoc: The ascii package provides methods for creating asciiDoc files which can then be converted to HTML, XML, or LaTeX files. See examples here. * t2tags: The ascii package provides methods for creating t2tags files which can then be converted to HTML, XML, or LaTeX files. See examples here. * reStructuredText: The ascii package provides methods for creating reStructuredText files which can then be converted to HTML, XML, or LaTeX files. See examples here. * org: The ascii package provides methods for creating org files which can then be converted to HTML, XML, or LaTeX files. See examples here. * textile: The ascii package provides methods for creating textile files which can then be converted to HTML, XML, or LaTeX files. See examples here. * OpenOffice: The odfWeave package provides methods for creating files in the open document format (odf) which can then be opened in OpenOffice. These files can then be output to a vareity of formats. * MSWord: The R2WD package provides a markup language for creating MSWord documents from within R. The SWord software provides the ability to use Sweave-like markup to create MSWord documents. Inference for R is proprietary software that allows the user to embed R code and output into a Microsoft Word document. 这里的部分内容转自网络
标签: Mark
