转载自:ubuntu下安装gamit_藏匿的锋芒_百度空间 参考链接 1. http://www.5dlinux.com/article/1/2008/linux_15236.html 2. http://hi.baidu.com/zzh_my/blog/item/9258bd031a032d7f3812bb04.html 目前网络上在ubuntu基础上安装gamit最详细的资料就是一篇(原作者的博客曾经找到过,但这次参考了zzh-my的转载文章) 从安装的过程来看,ubuntu在台式机上会安装gcc,但是笔记本上则不会,所以在第一次装的时候并没有成功,虽然从头到尾都安装了,没有中断,但最后采用doy验证的时候没有通过。 下文是根据原文加自己的安装过程,总结出的内容,蓝色为原文,内容可能上下有出入,但不影响安装。 出入的部分主要是软件的版本显示问题(原文是10.34,我安装的是10.35)和安装路径。 首先,安装GCC,因为在root模式下,命令行没有sudo apt-get build-dep gcc 链接1采用两种方法,比较了大小后决定采用第一条,就是上面的命令。 通过gcc --version确认版本为 GCC 4.3.3 Gamit安装需要csh(tcsh)环境、 GNU gfortran 4.2编译器和libx11-dev库支持。gfortran是软件推荐使用的编译器。libx11-dev是X11的程序开发库,它提供的lib.h和 libx11.a(libx11.so)是Gamit安装必须用到的两个库文件,主要是为Globk的提供图形库支持。以上三个条件却一不可。 ubuntu系统没有csh,默认为bash。因此要先安装csh。 ubuntu系统自带了gcc4.2,但是却没有安装gfortran编译器。而你安装时安装程序会调用默认的gfortran编译器,除非你指定gcc为你的编译器。 首先,以root身份登录,打开终端,输入 apt-get install csh 系统自动下载并安装csh,安装完成后在终端输入 chsh 提示 正在更改 root 的 SHELL 请输入新值,或直接敲回车键以使用默认值 登录 Shell : 输入 /bin/csh 修改bash为csh。重新起动ubuntu,并以root身份登录,打开终端,输入 # echo $SHELL 返回s“/bin/csh”,说明SHELL修改成功。 接着输入 apt-get install gfortran 系统自动下载并安装gfortran。 在输入 apt-get install libx11-dev 系统自动下载并安装libx11-dev库支持。 安装gamit 10.35 定位到gamit的下载路径(即安装路径) 准备工作: chmod +x install_software 修改install_software文件内容 “usr -name libX11.a”为"usr -name libX11.so",一个是静态共享库,一个是动态共享库。 makefile.config,修改: # X11 library location - uncomment the appropriate one for your system # Generic (will work on any system if links in place) X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11 X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 # Specific for Sun with OpenWindows #X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11 # Specific for PC Solaris 10 #X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/ #X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11 # Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 - 3 #X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11 # Specific to FC5 #X11LIBPATH /usr/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 # Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5 #X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5 #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5 # Specific for IBM AIX4.2 #X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include # Specific for MacOSX #X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 为: # X11 library location - uncomment the appropriate one for your system # Generic (will work on any system if links in place) #X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11 #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 # Specific for Sun with OpenWindows #X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11 # Specific for PC Solaris 10 #X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/ #X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11 # Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 - 3 #X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11 # Specific to FC5(F6,F7,F8 ) X11LIBPATH /usr/lib X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 # Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5 #X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5 #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5 # Specific for IBM AIX4.2 #X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include # Specific for MacOSX #X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib #X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11 gamit路径/libraries压缩包里,修改Makefile.config/ Makefile.config.bak 中的一组参数 MAXSIT 55 MAXSAT 32 MAXATM 13 MAXEPC 2880 将MAXATM改为25。 执行 ./install_software 安装程序install_software启动,搜索安装目录/opt/gamit10.34下的全部压缩文件,提示 GAMIT and GLOBK to be installed into /opt/gamit10.34 If you need help with command line options type CTL_C now and type install_software -help on the command line The compressed tarfiles will be removed after extraction of the directories, but except for that, the script may be stopped and rerun safely from any point. Tarfiles to be uncompressed: com.10.34.tar.Z etopo5.grd.10.0.tar example.10.34.tar.Z gamit.10.34.tar.Z help.10.34.tar.Z kf.10.34.tar.Z libraries.10.34.tar.Z maps.10.1.tar.Z tables.10.34.tar.Z Continue ? (y/n) 输入字母“y”,开始解压缩安装文件, .. uncompressing and extracting the directories: Do you want to apply incremental updates: incremental_updates.080812.tar.Z incremental_updates.080919.tar.Z incremental_updates.081022.tar.Z Continue ? (y/n) 输入字母“y”,开始解压缩安装文件, .. applying incremental updates: .. adding /opt/gamit10.34/com to your search path to continue installation To execute GAMIT and GLOBK you will need to set your login path to include /opt/gamit10.34/com /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin You will also need the alias or link gg -- /opt/gamit10.34 Your Operating System type is: Linux Your default awk version is: /usr/bin/awk These are the default paths to X11 found in Makefile.config X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib/X11 X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11 Searching your system for X11 installation Found these paths to X11 libs and includes on your system X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11 Are these correct for your system? Continue? (y/n) 输入字母“y”,提示 GAMIT dimensions in /libraries/Makefile.config are set to maxsit = 55 maxepc = 2880 maxatm = 25 maxsat = 32 Are these defaults found in Makefile.config correct? If NOT edit the Makefile.config now before choosing to contine Continue ? (y/n) 输入字母“y”,开始安装。安装最后会提示 ++++++++++++++++++ GLOBK installed ++++++++++++++++++ Create the gg link in your home directory to the version of gamit/globk you just installed ? (y/n) 输入字母“y”,回车,显示 Making required ~/gg link to newly installed software ln -s -f /opt/gamit10.34 ~/gg Don't forget to set your : path to include /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin and /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin : HELP_DIR environment variable in you shell profile (in .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv HELP_DIR /opt/gamit10.34/help/) : INSTITUTE evnironment variable in your shell profile (in your .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv INSTITUTE where_i_work) where_i_work is a 3 character identifier for your solutions 至此,软件已经安装成功。但要始软件能够正常使用,还要修改“主文件夹”下的“.cshrc”文件.该文件是用户的C SHELL配置文件,默认为隐藏文件。必须将Gamit的安装目录添加在里面,否则将无法在终端使用Gamit命令进行数据解算。 由于ubuntu默认使用bash,所以,用户主目录下并没有csh的配置文件,你需要在自己的主文件夹下建立一个“.cshrc”文件,并输入内容如下 # # This file is applicable to all C-shell users. # set prompt set prompt = " % " set history = 50 set gamitpath = /opt/gamit10.34 set path = (. /bin /sbin /ect /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/ucb /usr/bin/X11 /usr/X11R6/bin $path) set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/lib /usr/lib $path) #set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/lib /usr/ucb/ nfs r0 soft0 0 $path) set path = (. g a m i t p a t h / g a m i t / b i n gamitpath/kf/bin g a m i t p a t h / c o m path) setenv HELP_DIR $gamitpath/help/ setenv PATH "/usr/sbin:/sbin:${PATH}" setenv MANPATH /usr/local/gmt/man:/usr/local/man:/usr/X11R6/man setenv LIBPATH /usr/local/gmt/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/i386-glibc21-linux/lib #set gcclib direction setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/gcc-3.4.1/lib/ # set alias alias cd 'cd \!*; set prompt = " % "' alias pwd 'echo $cwd' alias ls 'ls --classify' alias ll 'ls -l' alias la 'ls -a' alias rm 'rm -i' alias mv 'mv -i' 保存,OK,全部安装完成。在终端输入 doy 返回 DOY: Converts various date formats DOY: Converts various date formats. Runstring: % doy jd/year doy/month day hr min or % doy gps_weekW gps_sow/gps_dow or % doy DecYearY where jd is Julian date (assumed if only one argument) year is calender year doy is day of year (assumed if two arguments) month is month day is day of month. hr min is hrs and minutes of day (Only if ymd form used). In the second form (i.e. W appended to the first value), the entries are assumed to gps week no and the second entry (optional) is either gps day of week (0-6) or seconds of gps week. NOTE: GPS Day of Week runs from 0-6 (Changed May 20, 1997). In the third form with Y appended, the argument is taken as deciminal year. (Versions after 2004/12/21 correctly account for leap years in converting deciminal years back to Julian dates) The conversions made are based on the number of arguments passed. NDOY: Version of doy of year which takes keyboard input in the forms above. (^D ends program input). Example: doy 92 200 Date 1992/07/18 0:00 hrs, DOY 200 JD 2448821.5000 MJD 48821.0000 GPS Week 653 Day of week 6, GPS Seconds 518400 Day of Week Sat Decimal Year 1992.54372 Example: doy 654W 345600 Date 1992/07/23 0:00 hrs, DOY 205 JD 2448826.5000 MJD 48826.0000 GPS Week 654 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 345600 Day of Week Thu Decimal Year 1992.55738 ***TODAY*** IS: Date 2008/10/30 15:19 hrs, DOY 304 JD 2454770.1387 MJD 54769.6387 GPS Week 1503 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 400786 Day of Week Thu Decimal Year 2008.829614 本文引用地址: http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-645611-563123.html
这段时间在学习linux,感觉这个系统太强大了,深刻的体会是刚来北京时,我的鼠标何键盘在windows下莫名其妙不能用了,但是在linux下运行正常,当时出于对windows的热爱和linux的畏惧,想尽一切办法来解决这个问题,但是由于输入输出设备无法使用,唯一能做的就是开关机,以及在grub时选择操作系统,后来一狠心就重装了系统(哎,貌似好多次到了最后都只能用这个方法来解决问题)。 然后在linux下学习了简单的桌面软件操作,逐渐的习惯了linux 的图形输入窗口,慢慢的感受到了他的强大,发现这个操作系统太好了,很明显的就是几个硬件上的问题,譬如上次的输入输出设备不能使用,以及这次莫名其妙的windows下没有声音,这样的问题linux 下都没有,而且操作起来非常方便。 想着在中科院这边这么好的学习条件一定要珍惜啊,所以想着好好搞搞学习,想早点把gamit下下来开始正式步入学习之中,结果发现自己登录上了mit的ftp服务器,系统显示 230 login successful remote system type is UNIX Using binary mode to transfer files 终端的显示如下: ftp 然后我就不知道怎么下载,不知该输入什么,该怎么办,我尝试着输入命令:cd updates 系统反应为550 Failed to change directory 再把这个命令输一遍,得到的提示为250 Directory successfully changed 但是文件还是没有开始传输啊,怎么回事?求高人指点