引子—— 此博文本来不太想发了，但这两天老是有个愤青在之前的博文留言中一通捣乱，很有些看不起俺老人家的科学贡献，否定俺解读“中医治本”付出的心血和价值，说什么“拔火罐的机理讨论纯属无稽之谈”。 http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.php?mod=spaceuid=2593108do=blogid=989273 因此发出此文代替无谓的争辩，让某些人睁开蛙眼看看”喇叭是铜打 的 ”…… 由于自己但凡有心事或是兴奋会导致夜里睡不好（半夜爬起来备课、改稿、出灵感等等），一般应邀外出作学术报告的事往往会能躲就躲地婉言谢绝。搞衰老研究大半辈子，自己心知肚明，睡不好是伤神短命的最厉害的因素！因为“剥夺睡眠实验”是我们研究室最残酷、最高效的“加速衰老实验模式”。 年过花甲以来，“抗自己衰老”被列入了日常生活的议事日程，一来自己渐渐感到力不从心，再则科学网上有些科学家伙经常讥笑我们的抗衰老理念是“纸上谈兵”，要俺“先活到 200 岁再说话”。为了更好地证实自己的科学原理，只好向我们的实验对象——巴西红耳龟学习——主动放慢了科学研究（能量代谢）的步伐。 然而，偏偏事与愿违，自从前不久发表了关于衰老生化机理在解读“生命密码”与药物临床中的重要应用的文章——“ The essential mechanisms of aging: What have we learnt in ten years ”，—— 不小心一石激起千层浪，惹来了 N 多的目光。邀请报告、约请文章、请任主编的信件象冰雹般纷纷砸来，把俺打入了“时空错位”、“受宠若惊”的不知所措之中。一开始觉得好玩，来一个邀请，便随意打一份出来，桌边晾着。反正俺老人家今年不再计划出国，作啥子劳民伤财的报告去了。邀请函收得多了，也就“文案往高堆一堆”，只道“荣辱不惊无所谓”，反正债多不愁，虱多不痒。 前几天医院大搞卫生，应对三甲复审，收拾文件，顺便清点了一下邀请函，老心脏不由得吓了一跳：不到半年，竟然收到了近三十份指名道姓的会议报告邀请，有的来自南非，有的来自南美，还有的来自悉尼、迪拜、莫斯科。欧洲几乎所有的大国都来了邀请函，德国、法国、葡萄牙、西班牙、意大利、奥地利、大不列颠联合王国。最多的邀请讲座还是来自米国，一股脑儿十几个邀请砸向俺的伊妹儿（幸好日本、韩国同行专家二十年来听俺作过好几会讲座，没来凑合） …… 没想到啊没想到，衰老研究如此抓眼球，如此跨学科，如此 popular ，那么多领域都来“套近乎”，“讨真经”、“找话说”。 这岂不是新时代的“逼债杨白劳”，或是鬼子们的“图谋不轨计”，纷纷冲着俺的“阳寿”来“作” ! ( 唉， famous 也不带这么来折腾人玩的，直接来个萝卜奖那多爽，哈 ) …… 救命啊！。。。。。。。 （当然，有图才有真相，扫描一下邀请函列表，再给出几个邀请函扫描件留个纪念）
王应宽 Wang Yingkuan Beijing, China October 20, 2011 Introduction to ASABE and Cooperation between ASABE and CSAE Darrin Drollinger, ASABE Executive Director / 戴林 . 卓灵杰 , ASABE 执行总监 Jacobsen Sonia , ASABE President / 杰克布森 . 索妮娅 , ASABE 主席 Jacobsen and Drollinger presentation outline The numbers correspond to the slide in the PowerPoint file. 序号与幻灯片的序号对应 DROLLINGER to speak 1. Thank you for inviting us to share information about the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Introduce both Ms. Jacobsen and Mr. Drollinger. 2. ASABE recently launched a new website and much of the structure of this presentation comes from the webpages. 3. The Society was founded in 1907 as the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. A founding leader and first president of the Society was J.B. Davidson, a professor at Iowa State University. 4. The founding meeting took place in Madison, Wisconsin. The first staff member was Raymond Olney. 5. The Society headquarters are in St. Joseph, Michigan, about 75 miles northeast of Chicago. Darrin lives near the office and Sonia lives in Minnesota. 6. The headquarters building is the center of activity for the Society and was built in 1969. 1 感谢邀请我们来参会与大家交流分享美国农业与生物工程师学会 (ASABE) 的相关信息。 介绍杰克布森女士和卓林杰先生。 2 ASABE 最近设计了新的网站，本报告的大部分结构内容来自这个新的网站。 3 ASABE 创建于 1907 年，最初名叫 “ 美国农业工程师学会（ ASAE ） ” 。学会的创立者和首任主席是衣阿华州立大学的戴维森教授。 4 ASAE 的成立大会在威斯康辛州的麦迪逊召开。学会的第一位专职员工是雷蒙德 . 奥尔尼。 5 ASABE 的总部设在密歇根州的圣约瑟，在芝加哥东北面 75 英里处。戴林住在 ASABE 总部附近，索妮雅住在明尼苏达州。 6 学会总部的办公楼舍建于 1969 年，是学会活动的中心。 7. The Society traces its origin to the mechanization of agriculture. We are eager to discuss sharing this well documented progress to benefit the Chinese. ASABE recognizes historical landmarks and a major milestone for harvesting was the McCormick Reaper. This is the fourth ASABE historic landmark dedicated in 1972. 8. The 25 th historic landmark dedicated in 1990 recognizes the importance of studying soil compaction criteria. Historically, farm tillage tools were designed without scientific knowledge of how tools work the soil thus not working properly from one soil type to the next. 9. The 57 th historic landmark dedicated in 2011 recognizes the United States Department of Agriculture Small Watershed Program. Since 1948, over 11,000 dams and associated conservation practices in more than 2000 watersheds have been part of this program. These projects have improved the quality of life and the environment in rural communities by protecting people’s lives and property, conserving soil and water resources, reducing flooding, providing economic development, recreation and improving wildlife habitats. 10. A few statistics about ASABE. As of December 31, 2010 the Society had 8211 members, of which 1035 were students and 7176 were practicing professionals. More than 100 members living in China and many more who live outside China. 7 学会的缘起归因于农业的机械化。我们渴望探讨将这些经实践证明的进步与大家分享，让中国的同行受益。 ASABE 确认了一些技术革新的历史里程碑，在收获技术方面的一个重要里程碑就是麦科密克收获机。这是 ASABE 于 1972 年确认的第四个里程碑式进步。 8 ASABE 于 1990 年确认的第 25 个里程碑是研究土壤压实标准。根据历史事实，农业耕作工具没有根据农具如何在土壤里工作的科学知识来设计，因此也就不能在不同类型的土壤中很好的工作。 9 ASABE 2011 年认证的第 55 个里程碑是美国农业部的小流域项目。自 1948 年该项目实施开始，累计在 2000 多个小流域修建了 11000 多个水坝，并进行了一系列相关的水土保持实践。这些项目提升了农村社区的生活品质，改善了环境，保护了人民的生命财产，保护了水土资源，减少了洪涝灾害，改善了野生动物栖息地，提供了休闲娱乐的场所，促进了经济的发展。 10 这张片子是关于 ASABE 的一些统计数据。截至 2010 年 12 月 31 日， ASABE 共有会员 8211 名，其中从业专家会员 7176 名，学生会员 1035 名。来自中国的会员大约 100 名，其他都不居住在中国。 11. ASABE has members in 100 countries. The largest group is in the United States, followed by Canada. We are pleased to say we have many (number?) members in China. We have seen a steady increase in non-U.S. and non-Canadian members over the last 10 years. We attribute it to electronic communication and delivery of benefits and services. The introduction of reduced-dues membership categories for developing nations has also brought in new members. 12. The largest technical interest area is Power and Machinery with 31 percent of the members followed by Soil and Water. 13. My staff is led by 5 directors. And now I ask ASABE President Ms. Jacobsen to speak. 11 ASABE 的会员来自 100 多个国家。会员最多的国家是美国，其次是加拿大。我们很高兴中国有我们很多会员。在过去十年里，我们很高兴的看到非美国和非加拿大的会员人数一直在增长。我们把这个归因于采用电子途径交流和传递利益和服务。对发展中国家降低会员费也吸引了一些新的会员。 12 最感兴趣的技术领域是动力与机械，该领域的会员占总数的 31% ，期次是水土领域。 13 我们 ASABE 包括 5 个部门：会议部、出版部、会员发展部、公共事务部、技术标准部，职员分别由 5 个主任领导。接下来，有请杰克布森作报告。 JACOBSEN to speak 14. Before I became president, I worked with the Board of Trustees of the Society to discuss what we wanted to focus on while I am president. The result can be summarized as 3 letters –E – I- O. 15. The first letter, E, stands for Expertise. This is a focus on the fact that ASABE has talented members with a wide range of knowledge and skills. 16. We have experts in biofuels, ecological engineering, animal housing design, agricultural equipment design and manufacture, bioprocessing, food engineering, to mention a few. We want to focus on this strength of the Society and expand it by making it more visible to those inside and outside the Society. 17. That leads to the second letter, I. I stands for Image . ASABE is a relatively small professional society, so the way to increase our visibility is to tell the world through words and actions that we are really good at what we do. Agricultural and biological engineers have the expertise to solve challenges the world is facing today. 14 担任 ASABE 主席之前，我与学会董事会一起工作，讨论当我担任主席之后我们应该重点着眼于哪些方面。我将思考的结果总结为 3 个字母： E—— I—— O 。 15 第一个字母 E （ Expertise ），代表专门知识或技能。这是我们的重点，因为 ASABE 拥有各种知识和技能的有才干的会员。 16 我们拥有生物燃料、生态工程、畜禽舍设计、农业装备设计与制造、生物加工、食品工程等领域的专家，在此仅仅例举一些。我们希望聚焦于学会这方面的优势，并通过扩大在学会内外的显示度使之更强势。 17 那就导致了我们说的第 2 个字母 I, 代表形象（ Image ）。 ASABE 是一个规模相对较小的专业学术团体，因此增加显示度的方法就是用我们的语言和行动告诉世界我们真正擅长于我们所从事的职业。农业与生物工程师拥有解决世界所面临挑战的知识和技能。 18. Bill Clinton stated this when he addressed our centennial meeting in Minneapolis in 2007: We live in exciting times for engineers to meet the challenges for food, fiber, and fuel. The next 50 years are an “engineer’s dream” for the complex challenges that lie ahead. 19. All of this involves Outreach . It means telling our story and showing what we can do. 20. We want young people to hear about our discipline so they choose to study biological and agricultural engineering at a university. We want politicians to learn about ASABE so they come to us for answers when faced with national issues in our fields of expertise. Our communities need to know we exist and what skills we can offer. It is the responsibility of each one of us! 18 美国前总统比尔 . 克林顿 2007 年在明尼阿波利斯参加学会百周年会议演讲时如是说：对于工程师来说，为解决食物、纤维和燃料所面临的挑战，我们正生活在一个令人激动的时代。后 50 年是一个工程师的梦想，有机会为应对复杂挑战大显身手。 19 所有这些都涉及拓展延伸 (Outreach) 。意思就是讲我们的故事，向世界展示我们能做什么。 20 我们想让年轻人了解我们的学科，以便他们能选择在大学里学习农业与生物工程专业。我们想让政治家了解我们的学会 ASABE ，以便当他们面临我们技术领域的全国性问题时来向我们求助寻找答案。我们的社区也需要知道我们的存在以及我们能提供什么专业技能。这是我们每个人的责任！ 21. We will address these focus areas through use of ASABE’s organizational structure, which includes four councils. 22. ASABE offers members and society many publications such as the Transaction and Resource magazine. The Technical Library is a wonderful member benefit, which offers resource information on engineering. ASABE is pleased with the cooperative sharing of publication information with CSAE and looks forward to expanding these efforts. 23. The Membership Department offers services to student, young professional, mid-career and retired members. It provides support for Section or geographic membership groups as well as career placement and advancement services. 21 我们将通过学会的组织结构来从事我们所聚焦的重点领域， ASABE 包括 4 个委员会：出版、会议、会员、标准。 22 ASABE 为会员和社会提供很多出版物，包括美国农业与生物工程师学会会刊和资源杂志。 ASABE 的技术图书馆是一个非常好的会员利益，提供很多工程方面的资源信息。 ASABE 非常乐意与中国农业工程学会合作共享出版物信息，并期待加强这方面的努力。 23 学会的会员发展委员会为学生会员、年轻专业会员、中等职业人员会员和退休会员提供服务。既为专业领域会员，也为不同地域分布的会员群体提供职业定位和提升服务支持。 24. The Meetings Council plans all the events and conferences of the Society. These include specialty events and the main Annual International Meeting such as next year’s in Dallas, Texas on July 29-August 1, 2012. 25. The Standards Department publishes all the technical standards and engineering practices for the Society. ASABE’s standards program is accredited by the American National Standards Institute or ANSI and we also serve as the U.S. Technical Advisory Group Administrator for a number of ISO committees and one IEC committee. We see significant opportunity to expand our cooperative relationship with CSAE in the standards area. 26. Dr. Wang asked us to address licensure as professional engineers and how it is achieved in the United States. It has three components: Education, Experience and Examination. 24 会议委员会规划学会所有的活动和会议。这些包括专题活动和主要的年度国际会议，例如下一年的 7 月 29 日至 8 月 1 日德克萨斯州的达拉斯召开的国际学术会议。 25 标准委员会为学会发布出版所有的技术标准和工程实践规范。 ASABE 的标准项目受到美国国家标准学会的认可，我们还担任美国技术咨询群组管理员，负责几个国际标准化组织（ ISO ）的委员会和一个国际电工技术委员会 IEC 所属的委员会。我们看到在标准领域与中国农业工程学会有加强合作的重要机遇。 26 王应宽博士要求我们介绍职业工程师认证体系，以及在美国如何获得资格认证。该体系由三部分组成：教育、经验和考试（ 3 个 E ）。 27. A professional engineer must have a bachelors degree and most states require that it come from an ABET accredited university. Transcripts from universities outside the United States are evaluated by NCEES to determine possible equivalency. 28. Experience is the second part of licensure. Each engineer must work at least four years learning from an experienced, licensed engineer. 27 职业工程师必须拥有本科学位，大多数州要求是从美国工程与技术认证委员会（ Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) ）认可的大学获得的学位。从美国以外的大学获得的成绩单需要提交 “ 全国工程与测量考试委员会 ”(NCEES) 评估以确定其可能的同等性（同等学力）。 28 经验是获得资格认证的第二个要件。每位工程师必须向有富有经验并获得职业资格认证的工程师至少学习工作 4 年（才有资格参加考试）。 29. The examination portion of the licensure process is composed of two examinations. Both are administered by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES). The Fundamentals of Engineering exam is taken by many students when they are in their last year of college. It covers many subjects that they studied while at the university. 30. This slide shows some of the subjects covered by the FE exam. The test is an 8 hour examination. During the four hours in the morning everyone answers the same questions. 31. In the afternoon, each candidate selects a module that is in the area of engineering which they have studied and in which they intend to practice as an engineer. 29 职业工程师资格认证过程的考试部分包括两部分。两部分考试均由 “ 全国工程与测量考试委员会 ”(NCEES) 组织实施。 大多数学生在大学最后一年（大四）时参加工程基础知识考试，考试内容涉及他们在大学学习的很多主题。 30 这张片子显示工程基础考试涵盖的主题，如电磁学、流体力学、化学、静力学、动力学、材料力学、工程经济学、计算机、数学、热力学、概率统计学、伦理学等。这是一个 8 小时的考试，在上午的 4 个小时内，所有的考生都参加相同的考试回答相同的问题。 31 下午的考试中，每个考生选择一个他所学习的工程领域的一个模块，也是他将来要担任工程师从事的领域。每个模块包括 60 个问题，如化学、土木工程、电气工程、环境工程、工业工程、机械工程等。 32. The second part of the examination is the professional engineering examination. This is taken in the discipline in which the engineer is working. Some states have a residency requirement that an engineer must be living in that state at the time they take the exam. Some states do not have this requirement, including Washington, California, Oregon and Minnesota. These states are more accustomed to having engineers from the Pacific Rim or Canada come to take the exam and practice in their states. 33. The Agricultural Professional Engineering exam is written by ASABE members. It is offered once a year in October. Like other PE exams, it has 80 multiple choice questions. A study guide is available on the ASABE website. Webinars are held in the weeks prior to the exam to help candidates study for the exam. The webinars are archived on the ASABE website and can be viewed by members at any time to review the material. 34. Please enjoy these photos from the 2011 Annual International Meeting of ASABE in Louisville, Kentucky when we were honored to welcome a large delegation from CSAE for discussions on cooperation between the two Societies. You will see many familiar faces. 32 第二部分考试是职业工程考试。 考试内容在工程师所从事工作的学科领域。有些州还有居住属地年限的要求，即要求应考工程师参加考试的时候必须是居住在该州的。有些州，如华盛顿州、加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州、明尼苏达州就没有居住年限的要求。这些州经常接收环太平洋地区或加拿大的工程师在各自属地进行工程实践而来此参加考试。 33 农业职业工程师考试的考试题由 ASABE 的会员出题。每年考试一次，定在 10 月份。与其他的职业工程师考试类似，包括 80 个多项选择题。在 ASABE 的网站上可以找到学习指南。在考试前的几周提供网络在线研讨会以帮助应试者针对考试而学习。在线研讨会的材料仓储在 ASABE 的网站，会员可以随时学习浏览，还可以查阅复习以前的资料。 34 请欣赏以下在肯塔基路易斯维尔召开的 2011ASABE 学会年会期间拍摄的照片，我们很荣幸的欢迎来自中国农业工程学会的参会代表团。这是两个学会洽谈合作的照片。你们可以看到很多熟悉的面孔。 35. Photo 36. Photo 37. The discipline of agricultural and biological engineering will be stronger when we work together on projects that benefit our communities, our nations, and the world. We believe CSAE and ASABE can be good partners to improve agriculture in the world. Thank you for allowing us to join your meeting. 38. Questions? 37 当我们齐心协力致力于开展让我们的社区、我们的国家和全世界都受益的科学研究与项目实践时， 农业与生物工程学科将更加强大。 我们相信，中国农业工程学会和美国农业与生物工程师学会可以成为促进全世界农业发展的良好伙伴！再次感谢允许我们来此参加你们的会议。 38 有人提问吗？
标签: 邀请报告
