Frontiers of Medicine 2015 年第 1 期（ Vol. 9, No. 1 ）已经出版，共 16 篇文章。您可以点击下面文章列表中的链接，浏览内容；也欢迎您将链接转发给诸位同道或者推荐给所在机构图书馆及资料室，让更多人了解期刊上的好文章。 Frontiers of Medicine 已被 MEDLINE/PubMed 、 SCOPUS 、 EMBASE 、 CSCD （中国科学引文数据库）核心库和世界卫生组 织 WPRIM （西太平洋地区医学索引）收录。 不收取版面费，关注学术质量 。 2014 年， Frontiers of Medicine 成为中国工程院院刊。 2014 年， Frontiers of Medicine 继续 获得中国科技期刊国际影响力提升计划支持。 2014 年， Frontiers of Medicine 入选“ 2014 中国最具国际影响力学术期刊”。 中国的国际期刊要想跻身先进行列，让更多人听到中国学术的声音，离不开作者和读者的支持。欢迎访问 Frontiers of Medicine 投审稿平台 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd ，让您的优秀成果更快发表。 您可以点击 这里 ，查看期刊最新一期目录；也可以点击下面的文章列表链接，查看每篇文章的全文或摘要信息。 REVIEWGenomic and pharmacogenetic studies of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0381-3Ching-Hon PuiFull text PDFCite this article: Ching-Hon Pui. Genomic and pharmacogenetic studies of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 1-9 Th17 Cells in autoimmune diseasesDOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0388-9Lei Han,Jing Yang,Xiuwen Wang,Dan Li,Ling Lv,Bin LiFull text PDFCite this article: Yingchen Li,Guoheng Hu,Qilai Cheng. Implantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke: perspectives and challenges . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 20-29 Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0337-zYuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun WuFull text PDFCite this article: Yuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun Wu. Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 30-45 Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease: a review DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0375-1Amma Owusu-Ansah,Sung Hee Choi,Agne Petrosiute,John J. Letterio,Alex Yee-Chen HuangFull text PDFCite this article: Amma Owusu-Ansah,Sung Hee Choi,Agne Petrosiute,John J. Letterio,Alex Yee-Chen Huang. Triterpenoid inducers of Nrf2 signaling as potential therapeutic agents in sickle cell disease: a review . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 46-56 RESEARCH ARTICLETumor growth and metastasis can be inhibited by maintaining genomic stability in cancer cells DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0389-8Yi Liang,Qisheng Feng,Jian Hong,Futuo Feng,Yi Sang,Wenrong Hu,Miao Xu,Roujun Peng,Tiebang Kang,Jinxin Bei,Yixin ZengFull text PDFCite this article: Yi Liang,Qisheng Feng,Jian Hong,Futuo Feng,Yi Sang,Wenrong Hu,Miao Xu,Roujun Peng,Tiebang Kang,Jinxin Bei,Yixin Zeng. Tumor growth and metastasis can be inhibited by maintaining genomic stability in cancer cells . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 57-62 Cryotherapy for cirrhosis-based hepatocellular carcinoma: a single center experience from 1595 treated cases DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0342-2Guanghua Rong,Wenlin Bai,Zheng Dong,Chunping Wang,Yinying Lu,Zhen Zeng,Jianhui Qu,Min Lou,Hong Wang,Xudong Gao,Xiujuan Chang,Linjing An,Yan Chen,Yongping YangFull text PDFCite this article: Guanghua Rong,Wenlin Bai,Zheng Dong,Chunping Wang,Yinying Lu,Zhen Zeng,Jianhui Qu,Min Lou,Hong Wang,Xudong Gao,Xiujuan Chang,Linjing An,Yan Chen,Yongping Yang. Cryotherapy for cirrhosis-based hepatocellular carcinoma: a single center experience from 1595 treated cases . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 63-71 Role of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in chronic periodontitis diagnosis DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0347-xNamita Gupta,N.D. Gupta,Akash Gupta,Saif Khan,Neha BansalFull text PDFCite this article: Namita Gupta,ND. Gupta,Akash Gupta,Saif Khan,Neha Bansal. Role of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in chronic periodontitis diagnosis . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 72-76 A new minimally invasive treatment for anal fistula DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0352-0Rui Zhu,Lin Shen,Caoyuan Wang,Yanping Yang,Rui Chen,Hen Fang,Xiaojuan XuFull text PDFCite this article: Rui Zhu,Lin Shen,Caoyuan Wang,Yanping Yang,Rui Chen,Hen Fang,Xiaojuan Xu. A new minimally invasive treatment for anal fistula . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 77-81 Reproductive toxicity study with a novel deoxyguanosine analogue (Metacavir) in pregnant SD rats DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0376-0Qihui Luo,Zhengli Chen,Anchun Cheng,Mingshu Wang,Jing Fang,Xi Peng,Li TangFull text PDFCite this article: Qihui Luo,Zhengli Chen,Anchun Cheng,Mingshu Wang,Jing Fang,Xi Peng,Li Tang. Reproductive toxicity study with a novel deoxyguanosine analogue (Metacavir) in pregnant SD rats . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 82-89 Optimized human factor IX expression cassettes for hepatic-directed gene therapy of hemophilia B DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0390-2Ru Zhang,Qiang Wang,Lin Zhang,Saijuan ChenFull text PDFCite this article: Ru Zhang,Qiang Wang,Lin Zhang,Saijuan Chen. Optimized human factor IX expression cassettes for hepatic-directed gene therapy of hemophilia B . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 90-99 Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0372-9Xinjian Li,Minna Cheng,Hao Zhang,Ting Ke,Yisheng ChenFull text PDFCite this article: Eric C.H. Lai,Kam Man Chung,Stephanie H.Y. Lau,Wan Yee Lau. A ruptured recurrent small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumour causing hemoperitoneum . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 108-111A case of primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma that responded to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0345-zXiaolong Wei,Chunfa Chen,Didi Xi,Jinwen Bai,Wenhe Huang,Luoxiang Rong,Mingyao Wu,Guojun ZhangFull text PDFCite this article: Xiaolong Wei,Chunfa Chen,Didi Xi,Jinwen Bai,Wenhe Huang,Luoxiang Rong,Mingyao Wu,Guojun Zhang. A case of primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma that responded to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 112-116LETTER TO FRONTIERS OF MEDICINEInsult of gastroesophageal reflux on airway: clinical significance of pharyngeal nozzle DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0343-1Zhonggao Wang,Zhiwei Hu,Jimin Wu,Feng Ji,Hongtao Wang,Yungang Lai,Xiang Gao,Yachan Ning,Chengchao Zhang,Zhitong Li,Weitao Liang,Jianjun LiuFull text PDFCite this article: Zhonggao Wang,Zhiwei Hu,Jimin Wu,Feng Ji,Hongtao Wang,Yungang Lai,Xiang Gao,Yachan Ning,Chengchao Zhang,Zhitong Li,Weitao Liang,Jianjun Liu. Insult of gastroesophageal reflux on airway: clinical significance of pharyngeal nozzle . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015 9(1): 117-122COMMENTARYEssential training steps to achieving competency in the basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography examination for Chinese anesthesiologists DOI: 10.1007/s11684-014-0366-7Yong G. Peng,Haibo Song,E. Wang,Weipeng Wang,Jin LiuFull text PDFCite this article: Yong G. Peng,Haibo Song,E. Wang,Weipeng Wang,Jin Liu. Essential training steps to achieving competency in the basic intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography examination for Chinese anesthesiologists . Frontiers of Medicine, 2015. 9(1): 123-128 欢迎订阅 邮发代号 80-967 ；或联系高等教育出版社 010-58556485 customercenter@pub.hep.cn 在线浏览 1 http://journal.hep.com.cn/fmd 2 http://hep.calis.edu.cn/ 谢谢您的关注！ Frontiers of Medicine Website: http://journal.hep.com.cn/fmd or http://www.springer.com/medicine/journal/11684 Frontiers of Medicine 由中国工程院、高等教育出版社和上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院联合主办，由高等教育出版社出版、德国 Springer 公司海外发行，为中国工程院院刊。本刊属英文医学综合性学术期刊，主要报道领域有：临床医学、基础医学、转化医学、流行病学、公共卫生、医疗卫生政策和中医药学。 文章类型主要有 Editorial ( 社论 ) ， News Views ( 新闻视点 ) ， Reviews( 综述）和 Mini-reviews （短篇综述 ) ， Research Articles ( 原创性研究论文 ) ， Case Report ( 病例报告 ) ， Commentary （评论）。 欢迎投稿与订阅。
F rontiers of Materials Science 2014 (3) 出刊 受编委委托，作为guest editor，与Guangling Song共同组织Spring旗下的《 F rontiers of Materials Science 》(SCI期刊) 2014年第3期- Light metals as biomaterials 专辑。 感谢崔福斋教授和潘劲松博士的大力协助， 作者们和审稿人 的全力支持，所有文章如期出刊。 本期 10篇稿件作者来自大陆（9篇）、台湾（1篇）；有综述2篇、研究论文8篇；有钛合金1篇、镁合金9篇。 特别记忆犹新的是，大 年30前 与国内 许多学者打电话和国际同行 发email，得到了许多朋友的积极响应。尽管后来情况有较大变化，我们经过努力总算完成了组稿和审稿任务。第一次切身感受到国际期刊主编工作的不容易，需要了解当前热点研究和国际同行的工作，需要与一线学者广交朋友。难怪 郑玉峰教授发出“ 做Guest Editor真的不容易 ”的感叹。 中国国际期刊面临与西方大型出版机构的合作与 竞争。 特别是在期刊知名度不高和稿源不足的情况下，中国国际期刊的崛起需要国内资深学者和海外华人学者的热心支持。通过多次与一些期刊人的交流，真正从内心对国内顶级期刊人的默默奉献和坚守表示钦佩。8月顺道拜访长沙某著名出版社，看到不少期刊人冒着酷暑仍坚守在岗位。 目录 ： Article Preface for the special issue on light metals as biomaterials Guang-Ling Song , Rong-Chang Zeng in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Download PDF (49 KB) Article Effect of different processings on mechanical property and corrosion behavior in simulated body fluid of Mg-Zn-Y-Nd alloy for cardiovascular stent application The biomagnesium alloys have been considered to be one of the most potential biodegradable metal materials due to its good mechanical compatibility, biological compatibility, biological security and biodegrada... Shi-Jie Zhu , Qian Liu , Ya-Feng Qian , Bin Sun , Li-Guo Wang … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Effect of corrosion on mechanical behaviors of Mg-Zn-Zr alloy in simulated body fluid The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of corrosion on mechanical behaviors of the Mg-Zn-Zr alloy immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) with different immersion times. The corrosion behav... Rong Song , De-Bao Liu , Yi-Chi Liu , Wen-Bo Zheng , Yue Zhao … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article In vitro corrosion of Mg-6Zn-1Mn-4Sn-1.5Nd/0.5Y alloys The microstructure evaluation, surface morphology, chemical compositions and phase analysis of the biomedical Mg-6Zn-1Mn-4Sn-1.5Nd/0.5Y (ZMT614-1.5Nd/0.5Y) alloys were investigated by means of optical microsco... Rong-Chang Zeng , Lei Wang , Ding-Fei Zhang , Hong-Zhi Cui … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Degradation behaviors of surface modified magnesium alloy wires in different simulated physiological environments The degradation behaviors of the novel high-strength AZ31B magnesium alloy wires after surface modification using micro-arc-oxidization (MAO) and subsequently sealing with poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) in differen... Xuan Li , Chao Shi , Jing Bai , Chao Guo , Feng Xue … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Designation and development of biomedical Ti alloys with finer biomechanical compatibility in long-term surgical implants Developing the new titanium alloys with excellent biomechanical compatibility has been an important research direction of surgical implants materials. Present paper summarizes the international researches and ... Zhen-Tao Yu , Ming-Hua Zhang , Yu-Xing Tian , Jun Cheng … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Biocorrosion resistance of coated magnesium alloy by microarc oxidation in electrolyte containing zirconium and calcium salts The key to use magnesium alloys as suitable biodegradable implants is how to adjust their degradation rates. We report a strategy to prepare biocompatible ceramic coating with improved biocorrosion resistance ... Ya-Ming Wang , Jun-Wei Guo , Yun-Feng Wu , Yan Liu … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Magnesium based degradable biomaterials: A review Magnesium has been suggested as a revolutionary biodegradable metal for biomedical applications. The corrosion of magnesium, however, is too rapid to match the rates of tissue healing and, additionally, exhibi... Xue-Nan Gu , Shuang-Shuang Li , Xiao-Ming Li , Yu-Bo Fan in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an as-rolled Mg-9wt.%Li-3wt.%Al-1wt.%Zn alloy sheet This study investigated the effect of annealing temperature on the mechanical properties of an as-rolled Mg-9.26wt.%Li-3.03wt.%Al-1.10wt.%Zn (LAZ931) alloy sheet. The dual-phase (α + β) LAZ931 alloy plate of 3... Meng-Chang Lin , Shang-Qiu Lin , Jun-Yen Uan in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article One-step electrochemical fabrication of bilayered MgO/polymer coating on magnesium alloy This research demonstrates a novel one-step electrochemical method to fabricate thick bilayer coatings on magnesium alloy in acid phosphate electrolyte containing aniline monomer and styrene-acrylic emulsion (... Jun Liang , Ren-Hui Zhang , Zhen-Jun Peng , Bai-Xing Liu in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access Article Synergistic effect of chloride ion and albumin on the corrosion of pure magnesium In this work, we report on synergistic effect of chloride ion and albumin on the corrosion of pure magnesiumthrough corrosion tests. We show that the adsorption of albumin mainly affects the anodic polarizatio... Cheng-Long Liu , Yi Zhang , Chun-Yan Zhang , Wei Wang … in Frontiers of Materials Science (2014) Look Inside Get Access
尊敬的读者： 您好！ 感谢您一直以来对 Frontiers of Medicine 的关心和支持。 Frontiers of Medicine 2014 年第 1 期（ Vol. 8, No. 1 ）现已出版，共 16 篇文章。您可以点击下面文章列表中的链接，浏览内容；也欢迎您将链接转发给诸位同道，让更多人了解期刊上的好文章。 Frontiers of Medicine 已被 PubMed 、 SCOPUS 、 CSCD （中国科学引文数据库核心库）和世界卫生组织西太平洋医学索引（ WPRIM ）收录，不收取版面费，关注学术质量。 中国的国际期刊要想跻身先进行列，让更多人听到中国学术的声音，离不开作者和读者的支持。欢迎访问 Frontiers of Medicine 投审稿平台 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd ，让您的优秀成果更快发表。 您可以点击 这里 ，查看期刊最新一期目录；也可以点击下面的文章列表链接，查看每篇文章的全文或摘要信息。 1. Hyperthermia on skin immune system and its application in the treatment of human papillomavirus-infected skin diseases 2. Talin and kindlin: the one-two punch in integrin activation 3. Vaccine therapies for chronic hepatitis B: can we go further? 4. Osteopontin is a promoter for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis: a summary of 10 years of studies 5. The impact of hypoxia in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis 6. Exome sequencing greatly expedites the progressive research of Mendelian diseases 7. Sepsis biomarkers: an omics perspective 8. Genetic evidence in planar cell polarity signaling pathway in human neural tube defects 9. Regulation and function of histone acetyltransferase MOF 10. Nicotine gum or patch treatment for smoking cessation and smoking reduction: a multi-centre study in Chinese physicians 11. Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer subjected to first-line treatment: a retrospective study of 251 cases 12. Clinical significance of para-aortic lymph node dissection and prognosis in ovarian cancer 13. Methodologies for the establishment of an orthotopic transplantation model of ovarian cancer in mice 14. Correlation of Twist upregulation and senescence bypass during the progression and metastasis of cervical cancer 15. Are the SNPs of NKX2-1 associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Han population of Northern China? 16. Sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients: an important and easily ignored problem based on a German experience 诚邀来稿 ScholarOne Manuscripts 投审稿平台 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd 国际权威检索系统收录： MEDLINE 、 SCOPUS 和 CSCD 等 通过 Springerlink 平台面向全球推广，全球发行 在线优先出版（ Online First ），保证文章以最快速度发表 无版面费 欢迎订阅 邮发代号 80-967 ；或联系高等教育出版社 010-58556485 customercenter@pub.hep.cn 在线浏览 1 http://journal.hep.com.cn/fmd 2 http://hep.calis.edu.cn/ 谢谢您的关注！ 谨致 春安 莫结胜 Frontiers of Medicine 高等教育出版社 自然科学学术出版事业部 学术期刊分社 北京市朝阳区惠新东街 4 号富盛大厦 15 层 100029 Tel ： +86 10 58556319 Fax: +86 10 58556034 E-mail ： mojsh@hep.com.cn ; mojiesheng@126.com Website: http://journal.hep.com.cn/fmd or http://www.springer.com/medicine/journal/11684 Frontiers of Medicine 基于 ScholarOne Manuscripts 的投审稿平台现已正式开通，请访问 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd 让您的优秀成果更快发表！ 欢迎投稿与订阅。
尊敬的 读者 ： 您好！ 感谢您一直以来对 Frontiers of Medicine 的关心和支持。中秋国庆佳节即将来临，在此谨祝您阖家安康，节日快乐。 Frontiers of Medicine 2013 年第 3 期（ Vol. 7, No. 3 ）现已出版，共 15 篇文章。您可以点击下面文章列表中的 Abstract 和 PDF 链接，浏览内容；也欢迎您将链接转发给诸位同道，让更多人了解期刊上的好文章。 中国的国际期刊要想跻身先进行列，让更多人听到中国学术的声音，离不开作者和读者的支持。 欢迎访问 Frontiers of Medicine 投审稿平台 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd ，让您的优秀成果更快发表。 1. Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus Ying Wu; George F. Gao Abstract ∣ PDF (63 KB) INPUT value= 2. Understanding channel tropism in traditional Chinese medicine in the context of systems biology Ping Liu; Songlin Liu; Gang Chen; Ping Wang Abstract ∣ PDF (70 KB) INPUT value= 3. Identification of cancer gene fusions based on advanced analysis of the human genome or transcriptome Lu Wang Abstract ∣ PDF (243 KB) INPUT value= 4. Therapeutic effects of thalidomide in hematologic disorders: a review Miao Xu; Yu Hou; Lei Sheng; Jun Peng Abstract ∣ PDF (247 KB) INPUT value= 5. Adiponectin: mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches for restoring diabetic heart sensitivity to ischemic post-conditioning Tingting Wang; Shanglong Yao; Zhengyuan Xia; Michael G. Irwin Abstract ∣ PDF (164 KB) INPUT value= 6. Advancement of human leukocyte antigen-partially matched related hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Xiaodong Mo ; Xiaojun Huang Abstract ∣ PDF (173 KB) INPUT value= 7. Diffuse cystic lung diseases Jay H. Ryu; Xinlun Tian; Misbah Baqir; Kaifeng Xu Abstract ∣ PDF (548 KB) INPUT value= 8. Application of endoscopic techniques in orbital blowout fractures Shu Zhang; Yinwei Li; Xianqun Fan Abstract ∣ PDF (176 KB) INPUT value= 9. The first avian influenza A (H7N9) viral infection in humans in Zhejiang Province, China: a death report Enfu Chen; Fenjuan Wang; Huakun Lv; Yanjun Zhang; Hua Ding; Shelan Liu; Jian Cai; Li Xie; Xiaoping Xu; Chengliang Chai; Haiyan Mao; Jimin Sun; Junfen Lin; Zhao Yu; Lianhong Li; Zhiping Chen; Shichang Xia Abstract ∣ PDF (963 KB) INPUT value= 10. Capacity of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into sweat gland-like cells: a preclinical study Siming Yang; Kui Ma; Changjiang Feng; Yan Wu; Yao Wang; Sha Huang; Xiaobing Fu Abstract ∣ PDF (537 KB) 11. Treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis in the past decade in the mainland of China: a meta-analysis Xiangwei Li; Yu Yang; Jianmin Liu; Feng Zhou; Wei Cui; Ling Guan; Fei Shen; Cong Gao; Mufei Li; Qi Jin; Lei Gao Abstract ∣ PDF (217 KB) INPUT value= 12. A modified chronic ocular hypertension rat model for retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection Lichun Zhong Abstract ∣ PDF (420 KB) INPUT value= 13. Epidemiological study of a von Hippel-Lindau family in northwest China Jingyao Zhang; Dapeng Wu; Hong Ai; Jigang Bai; Shunbin Dong; Qinling Yang; Kai Qu; Lei Zhou; Xinsen Xu; Chang Liu Abstract ∣ PDF (274 KB) INPUT value= 14. Trauma-induced “Macklin effect” with pneumothorax and large pneumomediastinum, disguised by allergy Salomone Di Saverio; Kenji Kawamukai; Andrea Biscardi; Silvia Villani; Luca Zucchini; Gregorio Tugnoli Abstract ∣ PDF (197 KB) INPUT value= 15. Cultural differences define diagnosis and genomic medicine practice: implications for undiagnosed diseases program in China Xiaohong Duan; Thomas Markello; David Adams; Camilo Toro; Cynthia Tifft; William A. Gahl; Cornelius F. Boerkoel Abstract ∣ PDF (116 KB) 诚邀来稿 ScholarOne Manuscripts 投审稿平台 http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fmd 国际权威检索系统收录： MEDLINE 、 SCOPUS 和 CSCD 等 通过 Springerlink 平台面向全球推广，全球发行 在线优先出版（ Online First ），保证文章以最快速度发表 无版面费 欢迎订阅 邮发代号 80-967 ；或联系高等教育出版社 010-58556485 customercenter@pub.hep.cn 在线浏览 1 http://journal.hep.com.cn 2 http://hep.calis.edu.cn/ 谢谢您的关注！
Contents for Volume 5 ■ Number 4 ■ 20 11 邮发代号 80-967 共 14 篇文章 Volume5,Issue4(2011) 1. Dendritic cell vaccines in cancer immunotherapy: from biology to translational medicine Authors: Hongmei Xu; Xuetao Cao; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0172-4 Pages:323-332 Abstract ∣ PDF (208KB) 2. Overcoming the challenges of conducting translational research in cell therapy Authors: Sowmya Viswanathan; Armand Keating; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0166-2 Pages:333-335 Abstract ∣ PDF (68KB) 3. Endostatin specifically targets both tumor blood vessels and lymphatic vessels Authors: Wei Zhuo; Yang Chen; Xiaomin Song; Yongzhang Luo; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0163-5 Pages:336-340 Abstract ∣ PDF (140KB) 4. Current treatment strategy of acute promyelocytic leukemia Authors: Jianqing Mi; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0169-z Pages:341-347 Abstract ∣ PDF (164KB) 5. The unregulated commercialization of stem cell treatments: a global perspective Authors: Douglas Sipp; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0150-x Pages:348-355 Abstract ∣ PDF (140KB) 6. Stem cell gene therapy: the risks of insertional mutagenesis and approaches to minimize genotoxicity Authors: Chuanfeng Wu; Cynthia E. Dunbar; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0159-1 Pages:356-371 Abstract ∣ PDF (382KB) 7. Mesenchymal stem cells hold promise for regenerative medicine Authors: Shihua Wang; Xuebin Qu; Robert Chunhua Zhao; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0164-4 Pages:372-378 Abstract ∣ PDF (209KB) 8. Synthesis and application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in targeted therapy and imaging of cancer Authors: Liangqian Tong; Ming Zhao; Shu Zhu; Jing Chen; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0162-6 Pages:379-387 Abstract ∣ PDF (365KB) 9. Laparoscopic treatment of liver diseases in children Authors: Jia Wei; Jiexiong Feng; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0165-3 Pages:388-394 Abstract ∣ PDF (105KB) 10. Translational research on novel drug-eluting stents in percutaneous coronary intervention Authors: Yaling Han; Kai Xu; Chenghui Yan; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0167-1 Pages:395-400 Abstract ∣ PDF (241KB) 11. Bone regeneration by stem cell and tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial region Authors: Zhiyuan Zhang; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0161-7 Pages:401-413 Abstract ∣ PDF (761KB) 12. MicroRNAs and their roles in osteoclast differentiation Authors: Zhuying Xia; Chao Chen; Peng Chen; Hui Xie; Xianghang Luo; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0168-0 Pages:414-419 Abstract ∣ PDF (155KB) 13. Arsenic geochemistry of groundwater in Southeast Asia Authors: Kyoung-Woong Kim; Penradee Chanpiwat; Hoang Thi Hanh; Kongkea Phan; Suthipong Sthiannopkao; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0158-2 Pages:420-433 Abstract ∣ PDF (365KB) 14. Pyogenic liver abscess as initial presentation in locally advanced right colon cancer invading the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum Authors: Kai Qu; Chang Liu; Aasef M A Mansoor; Bo Wang; Jincai Chen; Liang Yu; Yi Lv; DOI:10.1007/s11684-011-0157-3 Pages:434-437 Abstract ∣ PDF (371KB)
Contents for Volume 5 ■ Number 3 ■ 20 11 邮发代号 80-967 Contents for Volume 5 ■ Number 3 ■ 2011 邮发代号 80-967 1. Laparoscopic hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery: present practices and prospects 2. In vivo imaging of hematopoietic stem cell development in the zebrafish 3. Mechanism of arterial remodeling in chronic allograft vasculopathy 4. Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations 5. Towards the optimization of management of hepatocellular carcinoma 6. Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future 7. Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the one-incision three-trocar technique with all straight instruments: how I do it? 8. Type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exhibit significant haemorheological abnormalities 9. c-Fos expression in rat brainstem following intake of sucrose or saccharin 10. Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis through retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage 11. “Fast Track” nasogastric decompression of rectal cancer surgery 12. Fertility outcome analysis after modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis 13. Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges 14. Acupuncture-related techniques for the treatment of opiate addiction: a case of translational medicine
Frontiers of Medicine 是由教育部发起、高等教育出版社出版、德国Springer公司海外发行的 Frontiers 系列英文学术期刊之一，以网络版和印刷版两种形式出版，于2007年1月创刊，季刊。 我刊主编为中国工程院院士、上海交通大学瑞金医院上海血液学研究所陈赛娟教授和华中科技大学同济医学院同济医院外科陈孝平教授。本刊为综合性英文医学学术期刊。报道领域包括临床医学、基础医学、转化研究、流行病学、中医学、公共卫生、医疗卫生政策。文章类型分Editorial (社论)、News Views (新闻视点)、Reviews(综述)、Mini-reviews (短篇综述)、Research Articles (原创性研究论文)和Case Report (病例报告)。在出版方式上采用在线优先出版（Online First）形式，保证文章以最快速度发表。该刊已被Medline/PubMed、SCOPUS和CSCD收录。 现在，您可以访问中国学术前沿期刊网，在线浏览本刊的全文或摘要（取决于您所在机构 是否有全文权限）。 如您无法在该网站下载全文，建议您或贵机构订阅本刊， 或联系编辑（ 莫结胜，Tel: 010-58556319； mojsh@hep.com.cn ) 。 ·高等教育出版社学术期刊访问网址 ： http://journal.hep.com.cn 欢迎浏览期刊 Frontiers of M edicine （2011 ） 第 3 期 您可以点击 这里 ，查看本刊最新一期目录。 Contents for Volume 5■ Number 3 ■ 2011邮发代号 80-9671. Laparoscopic hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery: present practices and prospects2. In vivo imaging of hematopoietic stem cell development in the zebrafish3. Mechanism of arterial remodeling in chronic allograft vasculopathy4. Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations5. Towards the optimization of management of hepatocellular carcinoma6. Laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic lesions: current status and future7. Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the one-incision three-trocar technique with all straight instruments: how I do it?8. Type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exhibit significant haemorheological abnormalities9. c-Fos expression in rat brainstem following intake of sucrose or saccharin10. Treatment of severe acute pancreatitis through retroperitoneal laparoscopic drainage11. “Fast Track” nasogastric decompression of rectal cancer surgery12. Fertility outcome analysis after modified laparoscopic microsurgical tubal anastomosis13. Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges14. Acupuncture-related techniques for the treatment of opiate addiction: a case of translational medicine 高等教育出版社自然科学学术出版中心 地址：北京市朝阳区惠新东街 4 号富盛大厦 15 层 邮编： 100029 电话: 010-58556485 Email: customercenter@pub.hep.cn
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncolgicas (CNIO), Nature, Nature Cell Biology and Nature Reviews Cancer present: Frontiers in Tumour Progression http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3m=34929938r=Mzg0ODUxNzc1NgS2b=2j=NzQ2NzI5NzIS1mt=1rt=0 October 24-27, 2010 Palacete de los Duques de Pastrana, Madrid, Spain Cell invasion and metastasis are the basis for most cancer-related deaths, and remain a central enigma and a crucial agenda for cancer research. It is increasingly evident that tumours developing in different organs use related but not identical strategies, likely reflective of the distinctive microenvironment they face during their ontogeny. Moreover, multiple cell types constituting the activated tumour stroma contribute to invasion and metastasis, in addition to the aberrant properties of the cancer cells. The symposium will bring together world leaders on some of the key biological and genetic mechanisms of invasion and metastasis. The main lectures will be complemented by a number of short talks selected from the submitted abstracts and a large number of posters. The organizers actively encourage presentation of unpublished work and lively discussion. KEYNOTE SPEAKERS Michael Karin (University of California, San Diego, USA) Joan Massagu (Sloan-Kettering Institute, USA) SPEAKERS Kari Alitalo (University of Helsinki, Finland) Hartmut Beug (Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Austria) Peter Carmeliet (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium) Lisa Coussens (University of California, San Francisco, USA) Frederic de Sauvage (Genentech Inc., USA) Lee Ellis (MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA) Theresa Guise (University of Indiana, USA) Douglas Hanahan (ISREC, Ecole Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne, Switzerland) Kent W. Hunter (Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA) Tyler Jacks (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA) Johanna Joyce (Sloan-Kettering Institute, USA) Robert S. Kerbel (University of Toronto, Canada) Donald McDonald (University of California, San Francisco, USA) Stefano Piccolo (University of Padova, Italy) Shahin Rafii (Weill Cornell Medical College, USA) Eric Sahai (Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, UK) Mike Stratton (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK) Makoto Mark Taketo (Kyoto University, Japan) Zena Werb (University of California, San Francisco, USA) ORGANIZERS Douglas Hanahan (ISREC, Ecole Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne, Switzerland) Barbara Marte (Nature, UK) Nicola McCarthy (Nature Reviews Cancer, UK) Sowmya Swaminathan (Nature Cell Biology, UK) Erwin Wagner (CNIO, Spain) Zena Werb (University of California, San Francisco, USA) Early registration (reduced fee): July 31, 2010 Abstract submission: September 1, 2010 Final registration: September 15, 2010 For more information and to register visit: http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=3m=34929938r=Mzg0ODUxNzc1NgS2b=2j=NzQ2NzI5NzIS1mt=1rt=0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- As a registered user of Nature Publishing Group's Web sites, our database indicates that you have opted-in to receive product information and special offers. If you no longer wish to receive these e-mails or to discontinue all e-mail services from Nature Publishing Group please update your online account. Modify My Account (You will need to log in to be recognised as a Nature.com registrant) http://links.ealert.nature.com/ctt?kn=5m=34929938r=Mzg0ODUxNzc1NgS2b=2j=NzQ2NzI5NzIS1mt=1rt=0 For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department mailto:registration@nature.com For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscriptions department mailto:subscriptions@nature.com For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department mailto:feedback@nature.com Nature Publishing Group | 75 Varick St Fl 9 | New York | NY 10013-1917 | USA Nature Publishing Group's worldwide offices: London Paris Munich New Delhi Tokyo Melbourne San Diego San Francisco Washington New York Boston Hong Kong Gurgaon Mexico City Basingstoke Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. 2010 Nature Publishing Group
Insect Behavior Genotype effect on regulation of behaviour by vitellogenin supports reproductive origin of honeybee foraging bias References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article. Kate E. Ihle a , , , Robert E. Page Jr. a , Katy Frederick a , M. Kim Fondrk a and Gro V. Amdam a , b a School of Life Sciences , Arizona State University , Tempe , U.S.A. b Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , Aas , Norway In honeybee colonies, food collection is performed by a group of mostly sterile females called workers. After an initial nest phase, workers begin foraging for nectar and pollen, but tend to bias their collection towards one or the other. Although foraging choices of honeybees are influenced by vitellogenin, an egg-yolk precursor protein, workers typically do not lay eggs. The forager reproductive ground plan hypothesis (RGPH) proposes an evolutionary path in which the behavioural bias towards collecting nectar or pollen on foraging trips is influenced by variation in reproductive physiology, such as hormone levels and vitellogenin ( vg ) gene expression. Recently, the connections between vitellogenin and foraging behaviour were challenged by Oldroyd Beekman (2008), who concluded from their study that the ovary, and especially vitellogenin, played no role in foraging behaviour of bees. We address their challenge directly by manipulating vg expression by RNA interference (RNAi) mediated gene knockdown in two honeybee genotypes with different foraging behaviour and reproductive physiology. We found that vg affected the food-loading decisions of the workers only in the genotype in which the timing of foraging onset (by age) was also sensitive to vitellogenin levels. In the second genotype, changing vitellogenin levels did not affect foraging onset or bias. The effect of vitellogenin on workers' age at foraging onset is explained by the well-supported double repressor hypothesis (DHR), which describes a mutually inhibitory relationship between vitellogenin and juvenile hormone (JH), an endocrine factor that influences development, reproduction and behaviour in many insects. These results support the RGPH and demonstrate how it intersects with an established mechanism of honeybee behavioural control. Animal Behaviour Volume 79, Issue 5 , May 2010, Pages 1001-1006 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W9W-4YMBW4C-1_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010_rdoc=6_fmt=high_orig=browse_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236693%232010%23999209994%231890824%23FLA%23display%23Volume)_cdi=6693_sort=d_docanchor=_ct=27_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=9625637917735d43bf908699c2c0aab2 Relevance of resource-indicating key volatiles and habitat odour for insect orientation References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article. I. Beyaert a , N. Wschke a , A. Scholz a , M. Varama b , 1 , A. Reinecke c , 2 and M. Hilker a , , a Institute of Biology , Freie Universitt Berlin , Germany b Finnish Forest Research Institute, Finland c Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Germany Olfactory orientation by insects may be guided by specific volatile blends released from sites where resources are present. Such blends need to be recognized against the odorous background of the habitat. The egg parasitoid Closterocerus ruforum is known to be attracted to plant volatiles induced by egg deposition of its herbivorous host, the pine sawfly Diprion pini . The parasitoid has to detect this volatile signal against a background of other pine volatiles (i.e. odour from pine without host eggs). Previous studies have shown that attractive resource-indicating odour (pine with host eggs) and nonattractive habitat odour (pine without eggs) differ only by enhanced quantities of ( E )- -farnesene in the resource-indicating odour. However, ( E )- -farnesene per se was not attractive. We studied the relevance of quantitative ratios of ( E )- -farnesene and other pine volatiles present in the habitat for parasitoid orientation by electrophysiological methods (EAG) and behavioural (olfactometer) assays. Seven of 12 terpenoid pine volatiles elicited an EAG response. In tests of the parasitoid's behavioural response to EAG-active volatiles, a blend of five components (including ( E )- -farnesene) was sufficient to attract the parasitoid but only when the ratio of ( E )- -farnesene and the other compounds matched that in odour from egg-laden pine. Since the quantities of volatiles from egg-laden and egg-free pine are not significantly different except for ( E )- -farnesene, our results show that the quantity of a resource-indicating key compound (here ( E )- -farnesene) is validated by its ratio to quantities of background volatiles emitted by both the resource and the habitat. Animal Behaviour Volume 79, Issue 5 , May 2010, Pages 1077-1086 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W9W-4YKF71Y-2_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010_rdoc=15_fmt=high_orig=browse_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236693%232010%23999209994%231890824%23FLA%23display%23Volume)_cdi=6693_sort=d_docanchor=_ct=27_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=35ffdac412610c19d63f9fc42c921f80 Is mate choice in Drosophila males guided by olfactory or gustatory pheromones? References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article. Claude Everaerts , a , , Fabien Lacaille a and Jean-Franois Ferveur a a Centre des Sciences du Got et de l'Alimentation, UMR6265 CNRS, UMR1324 INRA, Universit de Bourgogne , France Drosophila melanogaster flies use both olfactory and taste systems to detect sex pheromones and select the most suitable mate for reproduction. In nature, flies often face multiple potential partners and should have an acute sensory ability to discriminate between different pheromonal bouquets. We investigated both the pheromones and the chemosensory neurons influencing Drosophila mate choice. We measured various courtship traits in single tester males simultaneously presented with two target male and/or female flies carrying different pheromonal bouquets (pairs of control flies of the same or different sex, same-sex target pairs of pheromonal variant strains). The courtship traits reflected the perception of either olfactory cues perceived before or gustatory cues perceived after the first physical taste contact. Our results suggest that male mate choice exists in D. melanogaster and that male discrimination between potential mates could be a two-step process involving chemical cues perceived before and after the first gustatory contact. In addition, when a male was simultaneously presented with two potential sexual partners, the olfactory and gustatory cues he used depended on the pheromonal patterns of both flies, but his response could also depend on additional effects resulting from the simultaneous perception of the two flies, leading to a nonlinear choice of a sexual partner. Moreover, some tester males with genetically altered gustatory receptor neurons strongly changed their partner preference, indicating that the fly's peripheral nervous system is essential for pheromonal detection and mate choice. Animal Behaviour Volume 79, Issue 5 , May 2010, Pages 1135-1146 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W9W-4YP6SKJ-1_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010_rdoc=22_fmt=high_orig=browse_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236693%232010%23999209994%231890824%23FLA%23display%23Volume)_cdi=6693_sort=d_docanchor=_ct=27_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=19cca7e457c4c58078d79fa878652b74 Multimodal mate assessment by male praying mantids in a sexually cannibalistic mating system References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article. Katherine L. Barry a , , , Gregory I. Holwell a , b and Marie E. Herberstein a a Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University , Australia b School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland , New Zealand The traditional view of sexual selection has been that of competing males and choosy females; however, more recently it has been recognized that males may exhibit mate choice when females vary in quality and when males suffer costs associated with mating. Sexually cannibalistic mating systems provide an opportunity to examine male mate choice further: the high costs potentially involved in the mating process for males, as well as variation in female quality, predict male mate choice. We used the praying mantid Pseudomantis albofimbriata to determine the effect of female body condition on male mate choice in a system with frequent precopulatory sexual cannibalism. Female body condition is positively correlated with fecundity and negatively correlated with the propensity to cannibalize, so we predicted males would strongly prefer females in good condition to maximize their reproductive potential. Results of our simultaneous choice tests showed that males use chemical and visual cues for mate location and assessment, and that they can use either of these sensory modalities to distinguish and choose between females differing in body condition, with a significant preference for good-condition females. However, surprisingly, males rarely rejected poor-condition females in the more ecologically relevant scenario of only one immediate potential mate and both sensory modes available to them, which may be explained by the strong scramble competition known for praying mantid systems. These results show that even when female quality varies and the cost of mating for males is substantial, male mate rejection does not always evolve. Animal Behaviour Volume 79, Issue 5 , May 2010, Pages 1165-1172 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W9W-4YN4X7N-1_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010_rdoc=25_fmt=high_orig=browse_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236693%232010%23999209994%231890824%23FLA%23display%23Volume)_cdi=6693_sort=d_docanchor=_ct=27_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=140a62f6ba1cdbacd4aca150f724754c Properties of male ejaculates do not generate geographical variation in female mating tactics in a butterfly Pieris napi References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article. Panu Vlimki , a , and Arja Kaitala a a Department of Biology, University of Oulu , Finland Polyandry brings about benefits for females but, from the males' perspective, if there is a possibility of females mating with multiple partners, male characteristics that prevent or delay remating of females are favoured, which may result in antagonistic coevolution between the sexes. The green-veined white butterfly, Pieris napi , is a predominantly polyandrous species with male nutrient donation transferred within the ejaculate at mating. Male ejaculates that are exaggerated in size or content can be interpreted as a means to reduce female remating. We explored whether geographical variation in the degree of polyandry among P. napi populations results from variation in the male's ability to manipulate females to mate at a suboptimal rate. Females that mated with a larger male capable of delivering a large spermatophore remated later than those that mated with a smaller male. However, we found no spatial variation in sexual size dimorphism or relative ejaculate size. Moreover, the mating frequency of females was not affected by the origin of males with which they mated. We argue that even if large male ejaculates evolved to ensure paternity of a given male with negative side-effects on female fitness, female counteradaptations conceal possible implications of antagonistic coevolution. Geographical variation in female mating frequency is probably maintained by selection acting upon female life history traits associated with the degree of polyandry. Animal Behaviour Volume 79, Issue 5 , May 2010, Pages 1173-1179 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6W9W-4YN4X7N-2_user=10_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2010_rdoc=26_fmt=high_orig=browse_srch=doc-info(%23toc%236693%232010%23999209994%231890824%23FLA%23display%23Volume)_cdi=6693_sort=d_docanchor=_ct=27_acct=C000050221_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=10md5=d2317b0ce056b1dd79a1fd52b01b16d7 Acoustic Experience Shapes Alternative Mating Tactics and Reproductive Investment in Male Field Crickets Nathan W. Bailey , Brian Gray , Marlene Zuk Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA Highlights Sexual signals provide information about the social environment to developing animals. Juvenile male field crickets use those signals to shape adult reproductive traits. Acoustic experience decreases the likelihood of adopting satellite mating tactics. However, acoustic experience increases condition and investment in reproductive tissues Summary Developmental plasticity allows juvenile animals to assess environmental cues and adaptively shape behavioral and morphological traits to maximize fitness in their adult environment . Sexual signals are particularly conspicuous cues, making them likely candidates for mediating such responses. Plasticity in male reproductive traits is a common phenomenon, but empirical evidence for signal-mediated plasticity in males is lacking. We tested whether experience of acoustic sexual signals during juvenile stages influences the development of three adult traits in the continuously breeding field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus : male mating tactics, reproductive investment, and condition. All three traits were affected by juvenile acoustic experience. Males of this species produce a long-range calling song to attract receptive females, but they can also behave as satellites by parasitizing other males' calls . Males reared in an environment mimicking a population with many calling males were less likely to exhibit satellite behavior, invested more in reproductive tissues, and attained higher condition than males reared in a silent environment. These results contrast with other studies and demonstrate how the effects of juvenile social experience on adult male morphology, reproductive investment, and behavior may subsequently influence sexual selection and phenotypic evolution. Current Biology, Volume 20, Issue 9 , 845-849, 22 April 2010 http://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822%2810%2900348-9 Interaction of liquid epicuticular hydrocarbons and tarsal adhesive secretion in Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) StefanieF.Geiselhardt 1 , StefanLamm 1 , ClaudiaGack 1 and KlausPeschke 1 Institut fr Biologie I, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg i.Br., Hauptstr. 1, 79104 Freiburg , Germany Species of various insect orders possess specialised tarsal adhesive structures covered by a thin liquid film, which is deposited in the form of footprints. This adhesive liquid has been suggested to be chemically and physiologically related to the epicuticular lipid layer, which naturally covers the body of insects and acts as the prime barrier to environmental stresses, such as desiccation. The functional efficiency of the layer, however, is jeopardised by partial melting that may occur at physiological temperatures. In this study, light microscopic images of elytral prints show that the epicuticular lipid layer of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata actually is partially liquid and chemical investigations reveal the high similarity of the epicuticular hydrocarbon pattern and the tarsal liquid. By means of chemical manipulation of the surface hydrocarbon composition of live beetles, the substance exchange between their tarsal adhesive hairs and the body surface is monitored. Histological sections of L. decemlineata tarsi, furthermore, reveal glandular cells connected to individual adhesive setae and departing from these results, an idea of a general mechanism of tarsal secretion is developed and discussed in a functionalecological context. Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology Volume 196, Number 5 / May, 2010 369-378 http://www.springerlink.com/content/8170h71552212g42/ Minimum viewing angle for visually guided ground speed control in bumblebees Emily Baird * , Torill Kornfeldt and Marie Dacke emily.baird@cob.lu.se Lund University , Department of Biology, Helgonavgen 3, 22362 Lund , Sweden To control flight, flying insects extract information from the pattern of visual motion generated during flight, known as optic flow. To regulate their ground speed, insects such as honeybees and Drosophila hold the rate of optic flow in the axial direction (front-to-back) constant. A consequence of this strategy is that its performance varies with the minimum viewing angle (the deviation from the frontal direction of the longitudinal axis of the insect) at which changes in axial optic flow are detected. The greater this angle, the later changes in the rate of optic flow, caused by changes in the density of the environment, will be detected. The aim of the present study is to examine the mechanisms of ground speed control in bumblebees and to identify the extent of the visual range over which optic flow for ground speed control is measured. Bumblebees were trained to fly through an experimental tunnel consisting of parallel vertical walls. Flights were recorded when (1) the distance between the tunnel walls was either 15 or 30 cm, (2) the visual texture on the tunnel walls provided either strong or weak optic flow cues and (3) the distance between the walls changed abruptly halfway along the tunnel's length. The results reveal that bumblebees regulate ground speed using optic flow cues and that changes in the rate of optic flow are detected at a minimum viewing angle of 2330 deg., with a visual field that extends to approximately 155 deg. By measuring optic flow over a visual field that has a low minimum viewing angle, bumblebees are able to detect and respond to changes in the proximity of the environment well before they are encountered. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1625-1632 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1625 The spatial frequency tuning of optic-flow-dependent behaviors in the bumblebee Bombus impatiens Jonathan P. Dyhr 1,2,* and Charles M. Higgins 2,3 jdyhr@email.arizona.edu 1 Graduate Program in Neuroscience, The University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0077, USA 2 Department of Neuroscience, The University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0077, USA 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1040 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0077, USA Insects use visual estimates of flight speed for a variety of behaviors, including visual navigation, odometry, grazing landings and flight speed control, but the neuronal mechanisms underlying speed detection remain unknown. Although many models and theories have been proposed for how the brain extracts the angular speed of the retinal image, termed optic flow, we lack the detailed electrophysiological and behavioral data necessary to conclusively support any one model. One key property by which different models of motion detection can be differentiated is their spatiotemporal frequency tuning. Numerous studies have suggested that optic-flow-dependent behaviors are largely insensitive to the spatial frequency of a visual stimulus, but they have sampled only a narrow range of spatial frequencies, have not always used narrowband stimuli, and have yielded slightly different results between studies based on the behaviors being investigated. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of the spatial frequency dependence of the centering response in the bumblebee Bombus impatiens using sinusoidal and square wave patterns. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1643-1650 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1643 Comb construction in mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Ming-Xian Yang 1,2 , Ken Tan 2,3 , Sarah E. Radloff 4,* , Mananya Phiancharoen 5 and H. Randall Hepburn 1,2 s.radloff@ru.ac.za 1 Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa 2 Eastern Bee Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650201, People's Republic of China 3 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650223, People's Republic of China 4 Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa 5 Rachaburi campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Prachautid Road, Bangkok 10140, Thailand Comb building in mixed-species colonies of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera was studied. Two types of cell-size foundation were made from the waxes of these species and inserted into mixed colonies headed either by an A. cerana or an A. mellifera queen. The colonies did not discriminate between the waxes but the A. cerana cell-size foundation was modified during comb building by the workers of both species. In pure A. cerana colonies workers did not accept any foundation but secreted wax and built on foundation in mixed colonies. Comb building is performed by small groups of workers through a mechanism of self-organisation. The two species cooperate in comb building and construct nearly normal combs but they contain many irregular cells. In pure A. mellifera colonies, the A. cerana cell size was modified and the queens were reluctant to lay eggs on such combs. In pure A. cerana colonies, the A. mellifera cell size was built without any modification but these cells were used either for drone brood rearing or for food storing. The principal elements of comb-building behaviour are common to both species, which indicates that they evolved prior to and were conserved after speciation. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1659-1664 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1659 Ant search strategies after interrupted tandem runs Nigel R. Franks 1,* , Thomas O. Richardson 2,1 , Samantha Keir 1 , Stephen J. Inge 1 , Frederic Bartumeus 3 and Ana B. Sendova-Franks 2 nigel.franks@bristol.ac.uk 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK 2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, BIT, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK 3 Centre d'Estudis Avanats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC) C/Accs Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain Tandem runs are a form of recruitment in ants. During a tandem run, a single leader teaches one follower the route to important resources such as sources of food or better nest sites. In the present study, we investigate what tandem leaders and followers do, in the context of nest emigration, if their partner goes missing. Our experiments involved removing either leaders or followers at set points during tandem runs. Former leaders first stand still and wait for their missing follower but then most often proceed alone to the new nest site. By contrast, former followers often first engage in a Brownian search, for almost exactly the time that their former leader should have waited for them, and then former followers switch to a superdiffusive search. In this way, former followers first search their immediate neighbourhood for their lost leader before becoming ever more wide ranging so that in the absence of their former leader they can often find the new nest, re-encounter the old one or meet a new leader. We also show that followers gain useful information even from incomplete tandem runs. These observations point to the important principle that sophisticated communication behaviours may have evolved as anytime algorithms, i.e. procedures that are beneficial even if they do not run to completion. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1697-1708 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1697 Drosophila fly straight by fixating objects in the face of expanding optic flow Michael B. Reiser 1,* and Michael H. Dickinson 1,2 reiserm@janelia.hhmi.org 1 Department of Computational and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA 2 Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA Flies, like all animals that depend on vision to navigate through the world, must integrate the optic flow created by self-motion with the images generated by prominent features in their environment. Although much is known about the responses of Drosophila melanogaster to rotating flow fields, their reactions to the more complex patterns of motion that occur as they translate through the world are not well understood. In the present study we explore the interactions between two visual reflexes in Drosophila : object fixation and expansion avoidance. As a fly flies forward, it encounters an expanding visual flow field. However, recent results have demonstrated that Drosophila strongly turn away from patterns of expansion. Given the strength of this reflex, it is difficult to explain how flies make forward progress through a visual landscape. This paradox is partially resolved by the finding reported here that when undergoing flight directed towards a conspicuous object, Drosophila will tolerate a level of expansion that would otherwise induce avoidance. This navigation strategy allows flies to fly straight when orienting towards prominent visual features. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1771-1781 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1771 The twilight zone: ambient light levels trigger activity in primitive ants Ajay Narendra * , Samuel F. Reid and Jan M. Hemmi ajay.narendra@anu.edu.au ARC Centre of Excellence in Vision Science and Centre for Visual Sciences, Research School of Biology , The Australian National University, Canberra , Australia Many animals become active during twilight, a narrow time window where the properties of the visual environment are dramatically different from both day and night. Despite the fact that many animals including mammals, reptiles, birds and insects become active in this specific temporal niche, we do not know what cues trigger this activity. To identify the onset of specific temporal niches, animals could anticipate the timing of regular events or directly measure environmental variables. We show that the Australian bull ant, Myrmecia pyriformis , starts foraging only during evening twilight throughout the year. The onset occurs neither at a specific temperature nor at a specific time relative to sunset, but at a specific ambient light intensity. Foraging onset occurs later when light intensities at sunset are brighter than normal or earlier when light intensities at sunset are darker than normal. By modifying ambient light intensity experimentally, we provide clear evidence that ants indeed measure light levels and do not rely on an internal rhythm to begin foraging. We suggest that the reason for restricting the foraging onset to twilight and measuring light intensity to trigger activity is to optimize the trade-off between predation risk and ease of navigation. Proc. R. Soc. B 22 May 2010 vol. 277 no. 1687 1531-1538 http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1687/1531.abstract Insect Biology Butterfly wing colors: glass scales of Graphium sarpedon cause polarized iridescence and enhance blue/green pigment coloration of the wing membrane Doekele G. Stavenga 1,* , Marco A. Giraldo 1,2 and Hein L. Leertouwer 1 d.g.stavenga@rug.nl 1 Department of Neurobiophysics, University of Groningen, Physics-Chemistry Building, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands 2 Institute of Physics, University of Antioquia, Medelln, AA 1226, Colombia The wings of the swordtail butterfly Graphium sarpedon nipponum contain the bile pigment sarpedobilin, which causes blue/green colored wing patches. Locally the bile pigment is combined with the strongly blue-absorbing carotenoid lutein, resulting in green wing patches and thus improving camouflage. In the dorsal forewings, the colored patches lack the usual wing scales, but instead have bristles. We have found that on the ventral side most of these patches have very transparent scales that enhance, by reflection, the wing coloration when illuminated from the dorsal side. These glass scales furthermore create a strongly polarized iridescence when illuminated by obliquely incident light from the ventral side, presumably for intraspecific signaling. A few ventral forewing patches have diffusely scattering, white scales that also enhance the blue/green wing coloration when observed from the dorsal side. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1731-1739 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1731 Insect Biochemistry Light-dependent Phosphorylation of the Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channel * Olaf Voolstra , 1 , Katherina Beck , 2 , Claudia Oberegelsbacher , Jens Pfannstiel and Armin Huber voolstra@uni-hohenheim.de From the Department of Biosensorics, Institute of Physiology , and the Life Science Center , University of Hohenheim , 70599 Stuttgart , Germany The Drosophila phototransduction cascade terminates in the opening of an ion channel, designated transient receptor potential (TRP). TRP has been shown to become phosphorylated in vitro , suggesting regulation of the ion channel through posttranslational modification. However, except for one phosphorylation site, Ser 982 , which was analyzed by functional in vivo studies (Popescu, D. C., Ham, A. J., and Shieh, B. H. (2006) J. Neurosci. 26, 85708577), nothing is known about the role of TRP phosphorylation in vivo . Here, we report the identification of 21 TRP phosphorylation sites by a mass spectrometry approach. 20 phosphorylation sites are located in the C-terminal portion of the channel, and one site is located near the N terminus. All 21 phosphorylation sites were also identified in the inaC P209 mutant, indicating that phosphorylation of TRP at these sites occurred independently from the eye-enriched protein kinase C. Relative quantification of phosphopeptides revealed that at least seven phosphorylation sites were predominantly phosphorylated in the light, whereas one site, Ser 936 , was predominantly phosphorylated in the dark. We show that TRP phosphorylated at Ser 936 was located in the rhabomere. Light-dependent changes in the phosphorylation state of this site occurred within minutes. The dephosphorylation of TRP at Ser 936 required activation of the phototransduction cascade. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 14275-14284. May 7, 2010 http://www.jbc.org/content/285/19/14275.abstract Crystal Structure of the Catalytic Domain of Drosophila 1,4-Galactosyltransferase-7 * Boopathy Ramakrishnan and Pradman K. Qasba , 1 qasba@helix.nih.gov From the Structural Glycobiology Section and Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Frederick , Maryland 21702 The 1,4-galactosyltransferase-7 (4Gal-T7) enzyme, one of seven members of the 4Gal-T family, transfers in the presence of manganese Gal from UDP-Gal to an acceptor sugar (xylose) that is attached to a side chain hydroxyl group of Ser/Thr residues of proteoglycan proteins. It exhibits the least protein sequence similarity with the other family members, including the well studied family member 4Gal-T1, which, in the presence of manganese, transfers Gal from UDP-Gal to GlcNAc. We report here the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of 4Gal-T7 from Drosophila in the presence of manganese and UDP at 1.81 resolution. In the crystal structure, a new manganese ion-binding motif (H X H) has been observed. Superposition of the crystal structures of 4Gal-T7 and 4Gal-T1 shows that the catalytic pocket and the substrate-binding sites in these proteins are similar. Compared with GlcNAc, xylose has a hydroxyl group (instead of an N -acetyl group) at C2 and lacks the CH 2 OH group at C5; thus, these protein structures show significant differences in their acceptor-binding site. Modeling of xylose in the acceptor-binding site of the 4Gal-T7 crystal structure shows that the aromatic side chain of Tyr 177 interacts strongly with the C5 atom of xylose, causing steric hindrance to any additional group at C5. Because Drosophila Cd7 has a 73% protein sequence similarity to human Cd7, the present crystal structure offers a structure-based explanation for the mutations in human Cd7 that have been linked to Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 15619-15626 May 14, 2010 http://www.jbc.org/content/285/20/15619.abstract Thermal sensitivity of mitochondrial metabolism in two distinct mitotypes of Drosophila simulans : evaluation of mitochondrial plasticity Nicolas Pichaud 1 , Etienne Hbert Chatelain 1 , J. William O. Ballard 2 , Robert Tanguay 3 , Genevive Morrow 3 and Pierre U. Blier 1,* pierre_blier@uqar.qc.ca 1 Laboratoire de biologie intgrative, Dpartement de Biologie, Universit du Qubec Rimouski, 300 Alle des Ursulines, Rimouski, Qubec, Canada, G5L 3A1 2 School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia 3 Laboratoire de Gntique Cellulaire et dveloppementale, Dpartement de Mdecine, Institut de Biologie intgrative et des systmes, 1030 ave de la Mdecine, Universit Laval, Qubec, Canada, G1V 0A6 The overall aim of this study was to (1) evaluate the adaptive value of mitochondrial DNA by comparing mitochondrial performance in populations possessing different haplotypes and distribution, and to (2) evaluate the sensitivity of different enzymes of the electron transport system (ETS) during temperature-induced changes. We measured the impact of temperature of mitochondrial respiration and several key enzymes of mitochondrial metabolism in two mitotypes (s i II and s i III) of Drosophila simulans . The temperature dependencies of oxygen consumption for mitochondria isolated from flight muscle was assessed with complex I substrates (pyruvate + malate + proline) and with sn glycerol-3-phosphate (to reduce complex III via glycerophosphate dehydrogenase) in both coupled and uncoupled states. Activities of citrate synthase, cytochrome c oxidase (COX), catalase and aconitase, and the excess capacity of COX at high convergent pathway flux were also measured as a function of temperature. Overall, our results showed that functional differences between the two mitotypes are few. Results suggest that differences between the two mitotypes could hardly explain the temperature-specific differences measured in mitochondria performances. It suggests that some other factor(s) may be driving the maintenance of mitotypes. We also show that the different enzymes of the ETS have different thermal sensitivities. The catalytic capacities of these enzymes vary with temperature changes, and the corresponding involvement of the different steps on mitochondrial regulation probably varies with temperature. For example, the excess COX capacity is low, even non-existent, at high and intermediate temperatures (18C, 24C and 28C) whereas it is quite high at a lower temperature (12C), suggesting release of respiration control by COX at low temperature. Journal of Experimental Biology 213, 1665-1675 (2010) http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/213/10/1665 Single baseresolution methylome of the silkworm reveals a sparse epigenomic map Hui Xiang , Jingde Zhu , Quan Chen , Fangyin Dai , Xin Li , Muwang Li , Hongyu Zhang , Guojie Zhang , Dong Li , Yang Dong , Li Zhao , Ying Lin , Daojun Cheng , Jian Yu , Jinfeng Sun , Xiaoyu Zhou , Kelong Ma , Yinghua He , Yangxing Zhao , Shicheng Guo , Mingzhi Ye , Guangwu Guo , Yingrui Li , Ruiqiang Li , Xiuqing Zhang , Lijia Ma , Karsten Kristiansen , Qiuhong Guo , Jianhao Jiang , Stephan Beck , Qingyou Xia , Wen Wang Jun Wang CAS-Max Planck Junior Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China. BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen , China Cancer Epigenetics and Gene Therapy Program, The State-key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Fudan University , Shanghai , China . The Key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, College of Biotechnology , Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing , China . Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang , China . Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen , Denmark . Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China . UCL Cancer Institute, University College London , London , UK . Epigenetic regulation in insects may have effects on diverse biological processes. Here we survey the methylome of a model insect, the silkworm Bombyx mori , at single-base resolution using Illumina high-throughput bisulfite sequencing (MethylC-Seq). We conservatively estimate that 0.11% of genomic cytosines are methylcytosines, all of which probably occur in CG dinucleotides. CG methylation is substantially enriched in gene bodies and is positively correlated with gene expression levels, suggesting it has a positive role in gene transcription. We find that transposable elements, promoters and ribosomal DNAs are hypomethylated, but in contrast, genomic loci matching small RNAs in gene bodies are densely methylated. This work contributes to our understanding of epigenetics in insects, and in contrast to previous studies of the highly methylated genomes of Arabidopsis 1 and human 2 , demonstrates a strategy for sequencing the epigenomes of organisms such as insects that have low levels of methylation. Nature Biotechnology Volume: 28, Pages: 516520 Year published: (2010) http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v28/n5/abs/nbt.1626.html?lang=en#/ Insect Cell Biology Scarface, a secreted serine protease-like protein, regulates polarized localization of laminin A at the basement membrane of the Drosophila embryo Georgina Sorrosal 1 , Lidia Prez 1 , Hctor Herranz 1 Marco Miln 1 , 2 marco.milan@irbbarcelona.org Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona , Spain Instituci Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanats, Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona , Spain Cellmatrix interactions brought about by the activity of integrins and laminins maintain the polarized architecture of epithelia and mediate morphogenetic interactions between apposing tissues. Although the polarized localization of laminins at the basement membrane is a crucial step in these processes, little is known about how this polarized distribution is achieved. Here, in Drosophila , we analyse the role of the secreted serine protease-like protein Scarface in germ-band retraction and dorsal closuremorphogenetic processes that rely on the activity of integrins and laminins. We present evidence that scarface is regulated by c-Jun amino-terminal kinase and that scarface mutant embryos show defects in these morphogenetic processes. Anomalous accumulation of laminin A on the apical surface of epithelial cells was observed in these embryos before a loss of epithelial polarity was induced. We propose that Scarface has a key role in regulating the polarized localization of laminin A in this developmental context . EMBO reports (2010) 11 , 373 - 379 http://www.nature.com/embor/journal/v11/n5/abs/embor201043.html Insect Chemoreception Behavioral insensitivity to DEET in Aedes aegypti is a genetically determined trait residing in changes in sensillum function Nina M. Stanczyk a , b , John F. Y. Brookfield b , Rickard Ignell c , James G. Logan a , 1 , and Linda M. Field a james.logan@bbsrc.ac.uk a Centre for Sustainable Pest and Disease Management, Biological Chemistry Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom ; b School of Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom ; and c Division of Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 102,230 53 Alnarp, Sweden N,N -Diethyl- m -toluamide (DEET) is one of the most effective and commonly used mosquito repellents. However, during laboratory trials a small proportion of mosquitoes are still attracted by human odors despite the presence of DEET. In this study behavioral assays identified Aedes aegypti females that were insensitive to DEET, and the selection of either sensitive or insensitive groups of females with males of unknown sensitivity over several generations resulted in two populations with different proportions of insensitive females. Crossing experiments showed the insensitivity trait to be dominant. Electroantennography showed a reduced response to DEET in the selected insensitive line compared with the selected sensitive line, and single sensillum recordings identified DEET-sensitive sensilla that were nonresponders in the insensitive line. This study suggests that behavioral insensitivity to DEET in A. aegypti is a genetically determined dominant trait and resides in changes in sensillum function. PNAS May 11, 2010 vol. 107 no. 19 8575-8580 http://www.pnas.org/content/107/19/8575.abstract?etoc Insect Ecology A mathematical model of exposure of non-target Lepidoptera to Bt -maize pollen expressing Cry1Ab within Europe J. N. Perry 1 , * , Y. Devos 2 , S. Arpaia 3 , D. Bartsch 4 , A. Gathmann 4 , R. S. Hails 5 , J. Kiss 6 , K. Lheureux 2 , B. Manachini 7 , S. Mestdagh 2 , G. Neemann 8 , F. Ortego 9 , J. Schiemann 10 and J. B. Sweet 11 joe.perry@bbsrc.ac.uk 1 Oaklands Barn, Lug's Lane, Broome, Norfolk NR35 2HT , UK 2 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), GMO Unit, Largo Natale Palli 5/A, 43121 Parma , Italy 3 National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment (ENEA) , Research Centre Trisaia, 75026 Rotondella , Italy 4 Bundesamt fr Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (BVL), Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Mauerstrasse 39-42, 10117 Berlin , Germany 5 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR , UK 6 Plant Protection Institute, Szent Istvn University , Pater K. 1, 2100 Gdll? , Hungary 7 Animal Biology Department , University of Palermo , Via Archirafi, 18, 90123 Palermo , Italy 8 Bro fr Landschaftskologie und Umweltstudien, Wiesenstrae 8, 37073 Gttingen , Germany 9 Centro de Investigaciones Biolgicas (CSIC), Departamento de Biologa de Plantas, Laboratorio Interaccin Planta-Insecto, C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid , Spain 10 Julius Khn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI) , Institute for Biosafety of Genetically Modified Plants, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, 06484 Quedlinburg , Germany 11 Sweet Environmental Consultants, 6 The Green, Willingham, Cambridge CB24 5JA , UK Genetically modified (GM) maize MON810 expresses a Cry1Ab insecticidal protein, derived from Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ), toxic to lepidopteran target pests such as Ostrinia nubilalis . An environmental risk to non-target Lepidoptera from this GM crop is exposure to harmful amounts of Bt -containing pollen deposited on host plants in or near MON810 fields. An 11-parameter mathematical model analysed exposure of larvae of three non-target species: the butterflies Inachis io (L.), Vanessa atalanta (L.) and moth Plutella xylostella (L.), in 11 representative maize cultivation regions in four European countries. A mortalitydose relationship was integrated with a dosedistance relationship to estimate mortality both within the maize MON810 crop and within the field margin at varying distances from the crop edge. Mortality estimates were adjusted to allow for physical effects; the lack of temporal coincidence between the susceptible larval stage concerned and the period over which maize MON810 pollen is shed; and seven further parameters concerned with maize agronomy and host-plant ecology. Sublethal effects were estimated and allowance made for aggregated pollen deposition. Estimated environmental impact was low: in all regions, the calculated mortality rate for worst-case scenarios was less than one individual in every 1572 for the butterflies and one in 392 for the moth. Proc. R. Soc. B 7 May 2010 vol. 277 no. 1686 1417-1425 http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1686/1417.abstract?etoc Induced niche shift as an anti-predator response for an endoparasitoid Frdric B. Muratori 1 , 2 , * , Sophie Borlee 2 and Russell H. Messing 2 frederic.muratori@uclouvain.be 1 Unit dcologie et biogographie, Biodiversity Research Centre , Universit de Louvain, 4 croix du sud, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium 2 Kauai Agricultural Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 7370 Kuamoo Road, Kapaa, HI 96746 , USA When two developmental stages do not share the same ecological niche, the control of the niche shift through a change in developmental timing, referred to as heterokairy, can provide an adaptive advantage for the individual (e.g. if mortality risk is higher in the first niche). For endoparasitic species that develop inside another (host) species, mortality of the host may directly induce mortality risk for the parasite. Thus, endoparasitoid larvae should be selected for response to host predation. In this study, aphids previously parasitized by the endoparasitoid Endaphis fugitiva , Gagn and Muratori (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were experimentally exposed to increased mortality risks. Both simulated attack and actual predator attacks against aphid hosts induced early emergence of the parasitoid larvae. Parasitoid emergence from the aphids occurred several minutes before the predator finished feeding on the aphid, allowing enough time for the parasitoid larvae to avoid direct predation. Predator-induced emergence produced significantly smaller parasitoid larvae than controls, but, interestingly, no effect on Endaphis adult size was found. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of induced emergence in an insect parasitoid, but we suggest that this mechanism might be at work in many other species where plasticity in development time allows the individual to perform an adaptive niche shift. Proc. R. Soc. B 22 May 2010 vol. 277 no. 1687 1475-1480 http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1687/1475.abstract Host sanctions and pollinator cheating in the fig treefig wasp mutualism K. Charlotte Jandr 1 , 2 , 3 , * and Edward Allen Herre 2 kcj4@cornell.edu 1 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 9100, PO Box 0948 , DPO, AA 34002-9998 , USA 3 Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre , Uppsala University , 752 36 Uppsala , Sweden Theory predicts that mutualisms should be vulnerable to invasion by cheaters, yet mutualistic interactions are both ancient and diverse. What prevents one partner from reaping the benefits of the interaction without paying the costs? Using field experiments and observations, we examined factors affecting mutualism stability in six fig treefig wasp species pairs. We experimentally compared the fitness of wasps that did or did not perform their most basic mutualistic service, pollination. We found host sanctions that reduced the fitness of non-pollinating wasps in all derived, actively pollinated fig species (where wasps expend time and energy pollinating), but not in the basal, passively pollinated fig species (where wasps do not). We further screened natural populations of pollinators for wasp individuals that did not carry pollen (cheaters). Pollen-free wasps occurred only in actively pollinating wasp species, and their prevalence was negatively correlated with the sanction strength of their host species. Combined with previous studies, our findings suggest that (i) mutualisms can show coevolutionary dynamics analogous to those of arms races in overtly antagonistic interactions; (ii) sanctions are critical for long-term mutualism stability when providing benefits to a host is costly, and (iii) there are general principles that help maintain cooperation both within and among species. Proc. R. Soc. B 22 May 2010 vol. 277 no. 1687 1481-1488 http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1687/1481.abstract Insect Evolution MATERNAL EFFECTS, BUT NO GOOD OR COMPATIBLE GENES FOR SPERM COMPETITIVENESS IN AUSTRALIAN CRICKETS Damian K. Dowling 1,2,3 , Magdalena Nystrand 1,2,4 , and Leigh W. Simmons 2,5 1 School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia 2 Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Animal Biology (M092), University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Western Australia, Australia 3 E-mail: damian.dowling@sci.monash.edu.au 4 E-mail: magdalena.nystrand@sci.monash.edu.au 5 E-mail: lsimmons@cyllene.uwa.edu.au Explanations for the evolution of polyandry often center on the idea that females garner genetic benefits for their offspring by mating multiply. Furthermore, postcopulatory processes are thought to be fundamental to enabling polyandrous females to screen for genetic quality. Much attention has focused on the potential for polyandrous females to accrue such benefits via a sexy- or good-sperm mechanism, whereby additive variation exists among males in sperm competitiveness. Likewise, attention has focused on an alternative model, in which offspring quality (in this context, the sperm competitiveness of sons) hinges on an interaction between parental haplotypes (genetic compatibility). Sperm competitiveness that is contingent on parental compatibility will exhibit nonadditive genetic variation. We tested these models in the Australian cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus , using a design that allowed us to partition additive, nonadditive genetic, and parental variance for sperm competitiveness. We found an absence of additive and nonadditive genetic variance in this species, challenging the direct relevance of either model to the evolution of sperm competitiveness in particular, and polyandry in general. Instead, we found maternal effects that were possibly sex-linked or cytoplasmically linked. We also found effects of focal male age on sperm competitiveness, with small increments in age conferring more competitive sperm. Evolution 2010 Volume 64 Issue 5 ,Pages1257-1266 http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123192458/abstract Z LINKAGE OF FEMALE PROMISCUITY GENES IN THE MOTH UTETHEISA ORNATRIX : SUPPORT FOR THE SEXY-SPERM HYPOTHESIS? Vikram K. Iyengar 1,2 and Hudson K. Reeve 3,4 1 Department of Biology, Villanova University , 800 Lancaster Avenue , Villanova , Pennsylvania 19085 2 E-mail: vikram.iyengar@villanova.edu 3 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 4 E-mail: hkr1@cornell.edu Female preference genes for large males in the highly promiscuous moth Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) have previously been shown to be mostly Z-linked, in accordance with the hypothesis that ZZZW sex chromosome systems should facilitate Fisherian sexual selection. We determined the heritability of both female and male promiscuity in the highly promiscuous moth U. ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) through parentoffspring and grandparentoffspring regression analyses. Our data show that male promiscuity is not sex-limited and either autosomal or sex-linked whereas female promiscuity is primarily determined by sex-limited, Z-linked genes. These data are consistent with the sexy-sperm hypothesis, which posits that multiple-mating and sperm competitiveness coevolve through a Fisherian-like process in which female promiscuity is a kind of mate choice in which sperm-competitiveness is the trait favored in males. Such a Fisherian process should also be more potent when female preferences are Z-linked and sex-limited than when autosomal or not limited. Evolution 2010 Volume 64 Issue 5 ,Pages1267-1272 http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123192456/abstract THE ROLES OF LIFE-HISTORY SELECTION AND SEXUAL SELECTION IN THE ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION OF MATING BEHAVIOR IN A BEETLE Alexei A. Maklakov 1,2,3 , Luis Cayetano, Robert C. Brooks 1 , and Russell Bonduriansky 1 1 Evolution Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological , Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales , Kensington, Sydney 2052, Australia 2 E-mail: Alexei.Maklakov@ebc.uu.se Although there is continuing debate about whether sexual selection promotes or impedes adaptation to novel environments, the role of mating behavior in such adaptation remains largely unexplored. We investigated the evolution of mating behavior (latency to mating, mating probability and duration) in replicate populations of seed beetles Callosobruchus maculatus subjected to selection on life-history (Young vs. Old reproduction) under contrasting regimes of sexual selection (Monogamy vs. Polygamy). Life-history selection is predicted to favor delayed mating in Old females, but sexual conflict under polygamy can potentially retard adaptive life-history evolution. We found that life-history selection yielded the predicted changes in mating behavior, but sexual selection regime had no net effect. In within-line crosses, populations selected for late reproduction showed equally reduced early-life mating probability regardless of mating system. In between-line crosses, however, the effect of life-history selection on early-life mating probability was stronger in polygamous lines than in monogamous ones. Thus, although mating system influenced malefemale coevolution, removal of sexual selection did not affect the adaptive evolution of mating behavior. Importantly, our study shows that the interaction between sexual selection and life-history selection can result in either increased or decreased reproductive divergence depending on the ecological context. Evolution 2010 Volume 64 Issue 5 ,Pages1273-1282 http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123188423/abstract SEX RATIO DRIVE PROMOTES SEXUAL CONFLICT AND SEXUAL COEVOLUTION IN THE FLY DROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA Tom A. R. Price 1 , Zenobia Lewis 2 , Damian T. Smith 1 , Gregory D. D. Hurst 3 , and Nina Wedell 1,4 1 School of Biosciences, University of Exeter , Cornwall Campus. Penryn TR10 9EZ , United Kingdom 2 School of Environmental Science, Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530, Japan 3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 7ZB , United Kingdom 4 E-mail: N.Wedell@exeter.ac.uk Selfish genetic elements occur in all living organisms and often cause reduced fertility and sperm competitive ability in males. In the fruit fly Drosophila pseudoobscura , the presence of a sex-ratio distorting X-chromosome meiotic driver Sex Ratio (SR) has been shown to promote the evolution of increased female remating rates in laboratory populations. This is favored because it promotes sperm competition, which decreases the risk to females of producing highly female-biased broods and to their offspring of inheriting the selfish gene. Here, we show that non-SR males in these SR populations evolved an increased ability to suppress female remating in response to the higher female remating rates, indicating malefemale coevolution. This occurred even though SR was rare in the populations. This was further supported by a correlation between females' remating propensity and males' ability to suppress female remating across populations. Thus SR can generate sexual conflict over female remating rate between females and the noncarrier males that make up the majority of the males, promoting evolution of increased ability of males to suppress female remating. Evolution 2010 Volume 64 Issue 5 ,Pages15041509 http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122685685/abstract Sexual conflict and the gender load: correlated evolution between population fitness and sexual dimorphism in seed beetles Gran Arnqvist 1 , * and Midori Tuda 2 goran.arnqvist@ebc.uu.se 1 Evolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Animal Ecology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden 2 Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture , Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan Although males and females share much of the same genome, selection is often distinct in the two sexes. Sexually antagonistic loci will in theory cause a gender load in populations, because sex-specific selection on a given trait in one sex will compromise the adaptive evolution of the same trait in the other sex. However, it is currently not clear whether such intralocus sexual conflict (ISC) represents a transient evolutionary state, where conflict is rapidly resolved by the evolution of sexual dimorphism (SD), or whether it is a more chronic impediment to adaptation. All else being equal, ISC should manifest itself as correlated evolution between population fitness and SD in traits expressed in both sexes. However, comparative tests of this prediction are problematic and have been unfeasible. Here, we assess the effects of ISC by comparing fitness and SD across distinct laboratory populations of seed beetles that should be well adapted to a shared environment. We show that SD in juvenile development time, a key life-history trait with a history of sexually antagonistic selection in this model system, is positively related to fitness. This effect is due to a correlated evolution between population fitness and development time that is positive in females but negative in males. Loosening the genetic bind between the sexes has evidently allowed the sexes to approach their distinct adaptive peaks. Proc. R. Soc. B 7 May 2010 vol. 277 no. 1686 1345-1352 http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1686/1345.abstract?etoc Insect Genetics Sexual isolation of male moths explained by a single pheromone response QTL containing four receptor genes Fred Gould a , 1 , Marie Estock a , 2 , N. Kirk Hillier b , 3 , Bekah Powell a , Astrid T. Groot a , 4 , Catherine M. Ward a , 5 , Jennifer L. Emerson a , Coby Schal a , and Neil J. Vickers b fred_gould@ncsu.edu a Department of Entomology and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; and b Department of Biology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City , UT 84112 Long distance sexual communication in moths has fascinated biologists because of the complex, precise female pheromone signals and the extreme sensitivity of males to specific pheromone molecules. Progress has been made in identifying some genes involved in female pheromone production and in male response. However, we have lacked information on the genetic changes involved in evolutionary diversification of these mate-finding mechanisms that is critical to understanding speciation in moths and other taxa. We used a combined quantitative trait locus (QTL) and candidate gene approach to determine the genetic architecture of sexual isolation in males of two congeneric moths, Heliothis subflexa and Heliothis virescens . We report behavioral and neurophysiological evidence that differential male responses to three female-produced chemicals ( Z 9-14:Ald, Z 9-16:Ald, Z 11-16:OAc) that maintain sexual isolation of these species are all controlled by a single QTL containing at least four odorant receptor genes. It is not surprising that pheromone receptor differences could control H. subflexa and H. virescens responses to Z 9-16:Ald and Z 9-14:Ald, respectively. However, central rather than peripheral level control over the positive and negative responses of H. subflexa and H. virescens to Z 11-16:OAc had been expected. Tight linkage of these receptor genes indicates that mutations altering male response to complex blends could be maintained in linkage disequilibrium and could affect the speciation process. Other candidate genes such as those coding for pheromone binding proteins did not map to this QTL, but there was some genetic evidence of a QTL for response to Z 11-16:OH associated with a sensory neuron membrane protein gene. PNAS May 11, 2010 vol. 107 no. 19 8660-8665 http://www.pnas.org/content/107/19/8660.abstract?etoc Insect Learning Electric Shock-Induced Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae Dennis Pauls * , Johanna E.R. Pfitzenmaier * , Rebecca Krebs-Wheaton, Mareike Selcho, Reinhard F. Stocker and Andreas S. Thum andreas.thum@unifr.ch Department of Biology, University of Fribourg , CH-1700 Fribourg , Switzerland
标签: Frontiers
