日本九州大学Katsuhiko Hayashi团队在研究中取得进展。他们利用转录因子重建卵母细胞转录网络。该研究于2020年12月16日发表于《自然》杂志。
他们确定了一组足以触发卵母细胞生长的转录因子。通过研究基因表达的变化和使用体外小鼠卵母细胞发育系统的功能筛选，他们确定了八个转录因子，每个转录因子对于从原始卵泡到初级卵泡的转化都是必不可少的。值得注意的是，这些转录因子的强制表达将多能干细胞迅速转化为卵母细胞样细胞，可用于受精和随后的分裂。
这些转录因子诱导的卵母细胞样细胞的形成没有原始生殖细胞、表观遗传重编程或减数分裂的特化，并且证明卵母细胞的生长和谱系特异性从头DNA甲基化与原始生殖细胞中前导表观遗传重编程是可分离的。
这项研究确定了一套协调卵母细胞生长的转录因子核心，并提供了卵母细胞的替代来源，卵母细胞是生殖生物学和医学的独特材料。
研究人员表示，在雌性种系发育过程中，卵母细胞成为高度特化的细胞类型，并形成关键因素的母体细胞质储存。卵母细胞的生长是在从原始卵泡到初级卵泡的转变过程中触发的，并伴随着基因表达的动态变化，但是控制卵母细胞生长的基因调控网络仍然未知。
附：英文原文
Title: Reconstitution of the oocyte transcriptional network with transcription factors
Author: Nobuhiko Hamazaki, Hirohisa Kyogoku, Hiromitsu Araki, Fumihito Miura, Chisako Horikawa, Norio Hamada, So Shimamoto, Orie Hikabe, Kinichi Nakashima, Tomoya S. Kitajima, Takashi Ito, Harry G. Leitch, Katsuhiko Hayashi
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-16
Abstract: During female germline development, oocytes become a highly specialized cell type and form a maternal cytoplasmic store of crucial factors. Oocyte growth is triggered at the transition from primordial to primary follicle and is accompanied by dynamic changes in gene expression1, but the gene regulatory network that controls oocyte growth remains unknown. Here we identify a set of transcription factors that are sufficient to trigger oocyte growth. By investigation of the changes in gene expression and functional screening using an in vitro mouse oocyte development system, we identified eight transcription factors, each of which was essential for the transition from primordial to primary follicle. Notably, enforced expression of these transcription factors swiftly converted pluripotent stem cells into oocyte-like cells that were competent for fertilization and subsequent cleavage. These transcription-factor-induced oocyte-like cells were formed without specification of primordial germ cells, epigenetic reprogramming or meiosis, and demonstrate that oocyte growth and lineage-specific de novo DNA methylation are separable from the preceding epigenetic reprogramming in primordial germ cells. This study identifies a core set of transcription factors for orchestrating oocyte growth, and provides an alternative source of ooplasm, which is a unique material for reproductive biology and medicine. Eight transcription factors are identified that, when overexpressed, are sufficient to grow oocyte-like cells from mouse pluripotent stem cells.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-3027-9
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-3027-9
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
