小柯机器人

研究揭示蝙蝠内耳神经解剖学的演变及其对回声定位的意义
2022-01-30 23:17
来源：小柯机器人

美国芝加哥大学Zhe-Xi Luo、美国自然历史博物馆R. Benjamin Sulser等研究人员合作揭示蝙蝠内耳神经解剖学的演变及其对回声定位的意义。这一研究成果于2022年1月26日在线发表在国际学术期刊《自然》上。

研究人员报道了在yangochiropteran蝙蝠中观察到的螺旋神经节的高度衍生结构：一个具有无壁罗森塔尔管的跨区神经节。这种神经解剖学上的安排允许更大的神经节有更多的神经元，更高的神经元神经支配密度和更密集的耳蜗神经束群。这与Yinpterochiroptera和非翼手目的哺乳动物的祖征神经解剖不同。这些派生神经节特征的骨学关联现在可以追溯到蝙蝠的系统发育中，并提供了直接的证据，证明Yangochiroptera与Yinpterochiroptera在螺旋神经节神经解剖上的区别。这些特征在Yangochiroptera的主要支系之间和物种之间是高度可变的，在形态空间上，Yangochiroptera表现出比Yinpterochiroptera大得多的差异性。这些高度可变的神经节特征可能是其不同回声定位策略的神经解剖学进化驱动因素，并与yangochiropteran的爆炸性多样化有关，其中包括大多数蝙蝠科、属和种。
 
据悉，蝙蝠的系统基因组学表明，它们的回声定位要么在蝙蝠亚目Yinpterochiroptera和Yangochiroptera中分别进化，要么在蝙蝠的祖先中有一个单一的起源，后来在一些Yinpterochiropteran中消失。回声定位行为的听觉取决于内耳，其中螺旋神经节是一个基本结构。
 
附：英文原文
 
Title: Evolution of inner ear neuroanatomy of bats and implications for echolocation

Author: Sulser, R. Benjamin, Patterson, Bruce D., Urban, Daniel J., Neander, April I., Luo, Zhe-Xi

Issue&Volume: 2022-01-26

Abstract: Phylogenomics of bats suggests that their echolocation either evolved separately in the bat suborders Yinpterochiroptera and Yangochiroptera, or had a single origin in bat ancestors and was later lost in some yinpterochiropterans1,2,3,4,5,6. Hearing for echolocation behaviour depends on the inner ear, of which the spiral ganglion is an essential structure. Here we report the observation of highly derived structures of the spiral ganglion in yangochiropteran bats: a trans-otic ganglion with a wall-less Rosenthal’s canal. This neuroanatomical arrangement permits a larger ganglion with more neurons, higher innervation density of neurons and denser clustering of cochlear nerve fascicles7,8,9,10,11,12,13. This differs from the plesiomorphic neuroanatomy of Yinpterochiroptera and non-chiropteran mammals. The osteological correlates of these derived ganglion features can now be traced into bat phylogeny, providing direct evidence of how Yangochiroptera differentiated from Yinpterochiroptera in spiral ganglion neuroanatomy. These features are highly variable across major clades and between species of Yangochiroptera, and in morphospace, exhibit much greater disparity in Yangochiroptera than Yinpterochiroptera. These highly variable ganglion features may be a neuroanatomical evolutionary driver for their diverse echolocating strategies4,14,15,16,17 and are associated with the explosive diversification of yangochiropterans, which include most bat families, genera and species.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04335-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04335-z

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表

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