小柯机器人

华中农业大学李国田等研究人员合作发现，水稻CDP-DAG合成酶的基因组编辑可赋予多病原体抗性。2023年6月14日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员展示了基因组编辑在水稻（Oryza sativa）广谱抗病工程化中的力量。研究人员首先从一个诱变的水稻群体中分离出一个病变模拟突变体（LMM）。然后，研究人员证明了被命名为RESISTANCE TO BLAST1（RBL1）的基因中29个碱基对的缺失会导致广谱抗病性，并显示该突变导致产量下降约20倍。RBL1编码一个胞苷二磷酸二酰甘油合成酶，是磷脂生物合成所需的。RBL1的突变导致磷脂酰肌醇及其衍生物磷脂酰肌醇4,5-二磷酸（PtdIns(4,5)P2）的水平降低。

在水稻中，PtdIns(4,5)P2富集在与效应物分泌和真菌感染特别相关的细胞结构中，这表明它具有作为疾病易感性因素的作用。通过使用靶向基因组编辑，研究人员获得了RBL1的一个等位基因，命名为RBL1Δ12，该基因赋予了广谱抗病性，但在小规模田间试验中评估，不会降低一个示范水稻品种的产量。这项研究证明了编辑LMM基因的好处，这一策略与不同的LMM基因和作物有关。

据了解，基因组编辑的发现和应用为研究人员提供了精确设计作物基因组的有效工具，从而开创了植物育种的新时代。

附：英文原文

Title: Genome editing of a rice CDP-DAG synthase confers multipathogen resistance

Author: Sha, Gan, Sun, Peng, Kong, Xiaojing, Han, Xinyu, Sun, Qiping, Fouillen, Laetitia, Zhao, Juan, Li, Yun, Yang, Lei, Wang, Yin, Gong, Qiuwen, Zhou, Yaru, Zhou, Wenqing, Jain, Rashmi, Gao, Jie, Huang, Renliang, Chen, Xiaoyang, Zheng, Lu, Zhang, Wanying, Qin, Ziting, Zhou, Qi, Zeng, Qingdong, Xie, Kabin, Xu, Jiandi, Chiu, Tsan-Yu, Guo, Liang, Mortimer, Jenny C., Boutt, Yohann, Li, Qiang, Kang, Zhensheng, Ronald, Pamela C., Li, Guotian

Issue&Volume: 2023-06-14

Abstract: The discovery and application of genome editing introduced a new era of plant breeding by giving researchers efficient tools for the precise engineering of crop genomes1. Here we demonstrate the power of genome editing for engineering broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice (Oryza sativa). We first isolated a lesion mimic mutant (LMM) from a mutagenized rice population. We then demonstrated that a 29-base-pair deletion in a gene we named RESISTANCE TO BLAST1 (RBL1) caused broad-spectrum disease resistance and showed that this mutation caused an approximately 20-fold reduction in yield. RBL1 encodes a cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol synthase that is required for phospholipid biosynthesis2. Mutation of RBL1 results in reduced levels of phosphatidylinositol and its derivative phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). In rice, PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched in cellular structures that are specifically associated with effector secretion and fungal infection, suggesting that it has a role as a disease-susceptibility factor3. By using targeted genome editing, we obtained an allele of RBL1, named RBL1Δ12, which confers broad-spectrum disease resistance but does not decrease yield in a model rice variety, as assessed in small-scale field trials. Our study has demonstrated the benefits of editing an LMM gene, a strategy relevant to diverse LMM genes and crops. Editing of a rice gene that has a role in phospholipid synthesis has endowed rice plants with broad-spectrum resistance to disease, including protection from common bacterial and fungal pathogens, without decreasing the yield.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06205-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06205-2

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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